FORMATION OF A NETWORK OF EVACUATION BUS ROUTES FOR THE SALTIV RESIDENTIAL AREA OF KHARKIV

Abstract

Evacuation mobility of the population during military operations or emergencies is one of the most vital tasks in ensuring the safety and rescue of citizens. Planning this mobility requires a conceptual approach, system analysis, and a comprehensive preparatory stage. The primary task for organising the population’s bus transportation during evacuation is planning routes and determining their time parameters. This process requires preliminary determination of the points of traffic organisation, establishment of routes and meeting points, allocation of resources, and coordination of work with other types of passenger transport. The study aims to develop the sequence of formation of evacuation bus routes in the Saltiv residential area of Kharkiv and to establish the functional effect of operational parameters of their work on the duration of population evacuation. The methodological basis for building a network of evacuation bus routes is a developed structural model of the impact of input parameters on the general evacuation time for the population and the transport capabilities of the routes. This model describes the functional relationship between the existing volume of passenger transportation on urban transport routes, the share of passengers subject to evacuation, the number of stopping points on evacuation routes, the length of routes, the speed of movement, the time of boarding and disembarking the passengers, the capacity of buses and their number. The criterion for evaluating the efficiency of the routes is the total time of population evacuation, depending on the number of buses on the routes. Based on the analysis of the location of shelter facilities and transfer stations on the subway line, we established that it is expedient to create seven evacuation routes that ensure the timely evacuation of the population. After assessing the available passenger traffic on city transport routes, we determined the potential demand for evacuation transportation. The analysis of the operational parameters of the routes made it possible to specify the time indicators for the evacuation of the population. The analysis of the interaction processes resulted in a diagram of the structural contour of the functional connection. The developed analytical models helped to establish several indicators characterising the operation of evacuation bus routes. The developed theoretical foundations are the basis for simulation modelling and setting the regularity of changes in evacuation efficiency assessment indicators depending on the number and capacity of buses. Based on the real-life conditions, the study determined the need to use two buses on each route to evacuate the population in the district. Such conditions will ensure the transfer of the population to the safe zones within 18.3 to 31.7 hours. Keywords: population evacuation, bus, evacuation route, volume of transportation, travel time.