City Tourism Research Articles

Tourism Awareness Group Strategy in Strengthening Collective Action and Social Capital for Padang City Tourism Development

The focus of the study in this research is to analyze the strategies of tourism awareness groups in strengthening collective action and social capital for the development of Padang City tourism. The theory used in this theory is the collective action theory put forward by Eggertsson and the social capital theory put forward by Putnam. This research uses a qualitative approach with a data analysis process using the ideas of Miles and Huberman. Data collection methods were carried out in several ways, namely: non-participant observation, interviews and document study. This research focuses on the strategies carried out by tourism awareness groups in tourism development by combining 2 theories. The results of this research are that tourism awareness groups in strengthening collective action carry out various strategies, namely: 1) The desire to increase and maximize tourism, 2) Having activities carried out together, 3) Coordinating between actors in developing city tourism, 4) Forming groups tourism awareness group among teenagers. Apart from that, the tourism awareness group also carries out strategies to strengthen social capital for tourism development, namely as follows : 1 ) Building trust between tourism awareness groups, 2) Expanding networks between tourism awareness groups, 3) Following the rules and norms within the tourism awareness group

Assessment of Outdoor Thermal Comfort in a Hot Summer Region of Europe

Heat waves are increasingly frequent in Europe, especially in South European countries during the summer season. The intensity and frequency of these heat waves have increased significantly in recent years. Spain, as one of the southern European countries most affected by these recurring heat waves, particularly experiences this phenomenon in touristic cities such as Cordoba. The aim of this study was to perform an experimental assessment of outdoor thermal comfort in a typical three-hour tourist walkable path of the historical center of Cordoba. The experimental study was carried out in the three-hour period of higher temperatures from 16:30 to 19:30 h CEST (UTC+2) on a normal summer day (6 July 2023), a day with a heat wave (28 June 2023) and a day with a higher heat intensity, called a super heat wave (10 August 2023). Environmental conditions such as a radiant temperature, ambient temperature, wet bulb temperature, air velocity and relative humidity were measured at three different heights corresponding to 0.1 (ankles), 0.7 (abdomen) and 1.7 (head) m. The results show extremely high levels of heat stress in all bioclimatic indices throughout the route. Cumulative heat stress ranged from “very hot” conditions at the beginning of the route to becoming “highly sweltering” at the end of the route. The average temperature excess over the thermal comfort threshold was very high and increased with the heat intensity. In addition, a correlation analysis was carried out between the bioclimatic indices studied, with the UTCI index standing out for its strong correlation with other thermal comfort indices. The findings emphasize the need for interventions to improve the urban environment and promote better outdoor thermal comfort for city dwellers through measures such as green infrastructure, UHI mitigation and increasing public awareness.

APPLICATION OF GROUP DECISION MAKING IN DETERMINING CULINARY TOURISM WITH TOPSIS AND BORDA METHODS

Makassar City is one of the destination cities for traveling. Makassar City offers a variety of interesting tours, one of which is culinary tourism. The determination of the best culinary tourism is based on the criteria set by the Makassar City Tourism Office. In managing culinary destinations, tourists are often faced with many choices, so they are confused about choosing the most attractive culinary destinations. This research uses the TOPSIS and BORDA methods. The TOPSIS method is used in determining culinary tourism alternatives based on criteria that become recommendations and the BORDA method is used in determining the selected alternatives based on several DMs who evaluate alternatives. The main objective of this research is to apply group decision making in selecting the best culinary tourism destinations in Makassar City based on group preferences and related criteria with TOPSIS and BORDA methods. This research has conducted 5 iterations involving 4 DMs from the Makassar City Tourism Office. Based on the results of the interview, 8 criteria and 35 alternatives were obtained. Where the Coto Nusantara alternative is ranked the highest with a value of 109,949. While Sop Saudara Irian is ranked last with a value of 62,896. The general benefit of this research is the application of group decision making in determining culinary tourism with the TOPSIS and BORDA methods can produce more objective and representative decision results. This can increase tourist satisfaction in determining culinary tourism.

Establishing City Branding Strategy for Tomohon Central Tourism Area in Indonesia in Attracting Interest in Visiting Tourists

Background: City branding is a marketing strategy aimed at building a positive image of a city, building differentiation and increasing the city's competitiveness as well as attracting tourists and investors.
 Aims: This study aims to determine the city branding strategy in the central area of Tomohon City and see the effectiveness of implementing this strategy in attracting tourists to visit.
 Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection through interviews and documentation studies. Subjects on this research were conducted with 3 people from Tomohon City government representatives and 2 people from Tomohon City Tourism Office. The research site is in Tomohon City, focusing on its tourism area. The data analysis used in this research was conducted during data collection and used the interactive model of Miles and Huberman
 Findings: The results of this study indicate that the government of Tomohon City together with stakeholders have implemented a city branding strategy that is in accordance with the Anholt city branding concept, although overall it has not been optimally implemented because it is only focused on promoting TIFF as an international event and the utilization of promotional media and community participation has not been optimal.
 Conclusion: The Tomohon City Center area already has various cultural activities, characteristics, positive perceptions and names that are known as potentials that can be further developed to attract tourists to visit.

A Novel Visual Narrative Framework for Tourist Map Design Based on Local Chronicles: A Case Study of the Songshan Scenic Area

Tourist maps provide tourists with destination information that reflects their unique characteristics and cultural connotations and play an important role in attracting tourists and serving marketing purposes. However, existing designs of tourist maps often ignore the importance of cultural resource selection and the relationship between maps and structural linguistics, thereby affecting the narrative function and representativeness of tourist maps. This study utilizes the local chronicle as a data source and proposes a novel visual narrative framework (VNF) for tourist maps. The VNF combines Todorov’s narrative hierarchy and Roth’s visual storytelling tropes to establish a mapping between map elements and narrative elements. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the VNF, the Songshan Scenic Area was selected as a case study. By applying the VNF, highly characteristic and meaningful colors, figurative hand-painted symbols, and scene symbols are selected and integrated into the map design to enhance the artistic value and narrative of the map. This framework reveals the potential cultural value of local chronicles and can serve as a reference for other historical tourist cities, contributing to the preservation of local cultural heritage.

Qualitative benefits of MBESST in the selection of a restaurant location: Touristic restaurant Palencia de Lara, Toledo, Spain

Selecting the optimal location for a restaurant is a process that demands crucial and comparable data. The Model for the Best Site Selection for a Restaurant (MBESST) is a flexible model that combines quantitative and qualitative elements in assessing any restaurant site. This research provides the qualitative results derived from evaluating the location of an empirical case, Palencia de Lara Restaurant in Toledo, Spain, a tourist city. The design consisted of a non-experimental, transversal, and qualitative approach, using non-participant observation and interviews to gain a desirable appreciation of the issue. The global assessment's locations were 7.26, indicating the collection of essential components to maximize its appeal to guests. Palencia de Lara Restaurant should optimize its entire operational capacity more effectively. Flow pattern, visibility, and massive traffic generators were the three most essential factors in selecting this location. A significant contribution of the research is that using the definitions of the factors and sub-factors and the scale of specific quality levels allows for focusing on standard terms during the location assessment process. The designed instruments in the MBESST facilitate users to get an integral assessment of any locations of nine factors, fifty-one sub-factors, and individual quality levels of the sub-factors, enabling an in-depth analysis of each assessed element and comparing each other under the same parameters, gathering quantitative and qualitative data.

Structural characteristics and influencing factors of a spatial correlation network for tourism environmental efficiency in China

The tourism industry in China presents uneven tourism efficiency but deepening spatial associations; thus, tourism resources must be more rationally allocated. In this study, the highly efficient SBM model was used to measure the tourism environmental efficiency of 31 provinces in China. A spatial correlation network is then constructed based on the gravity model, and the structural characteristics and influencing factors of the network are analyzed. The results show that (1) the overall tourism environmental efficiency in China presents a fluctuating growth trend, with significantly higher values observed in the eastern region than in the central and western regions; moreover, the growth in efficiency in the eastern region has been relatively stable in recent years, that in the central region has increased, while that in the western region has significantly declined. (2) A spatially linked network with a stable tourism environmental efficiency structure has been formed in China. The number of network relations and density of the network fluctuate and increase, while the network efficiency continues to decrease; however, a strong small-world nature is observed. (3) An obvious network core–edge structure is observed, with Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu at the center showing a significant intermediary role and remote provinces such as Tibet, Xinjiang, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia at the edge showing fewer connections. (4) The four major plates of China based on the CONCOR algorithm are sparsely connected internally and show strong inter-plate connections and spillover effects. (5) The industry support capacity difference matrix, technological development level difference matrix, transportation accessibility difference matrix, and environmental regulation level difference matrix significantly and positively affect spatial associations, while the geographical distance matrix significantly and negatively affect spatial association relationship establishment. These findings have important theoretical and practical significance for the sustainable development of tourism in China's provinces and cities.

Residents’ Perceived Benefits of Host-Guest Interaction: Scale Development and Validation

The amiability of residents is an essential element of destination competitiveness. Pleasant host-guest interactions (HGIs) can create a memorable experience for tourists. Limited attention has been paid to the benefits of HGIs from the residents’ perspective. This research aims to construct a scale that measures this. Based on an extensive literature review, 52 in-depth interviews, and two surveys with residents in tourist cities, a residents’ perceived benefits scale (RPBS) is established and validated. The scale has five dimensions: emotional lift, local pride, altruism, destination attraction, and self-development. A positive link between residents’ perceived benefits and interaction intention with tourists was confirmed. The RPBS offers multidimensional insight into residents’ evaluation of HGI and serves as an instrument to predict residents’ attitudes toward tourism and support for the tourism industry. It provides a framework for practitioners to design strategies to encourage host-guest communication to enhance visitors’ experience and destination competitiveness.

An Empirical Study on the Incubation Growth Path and Business Transformation of Cultural Intellectual Property for Chinese Tourism Destination Cities

This empirical study investigates the interplay between the incubation growth path, business transformation, and cultural intellectual property (IP) within Chinese tourism destination cities. With China's tourism industry experiencing rapid growth and cultural heritage playing a significant role in attracting visitors, understanding how startups leverage cultural IP and evolve over time is crucial for fostering sustainable tourism development. Through a mixed-methods approach incorporating interviews, surveys, and case studies, we examine the experiences of startups incubated in Chinese destination cities, focusing on their journey from inception within incubators to market maturity. The study explores the strategies employed by startups to integrate cultural elements into their products and services, the challenges they encounter in navigating cultural IP frameworks, and the impact of business transformation on their growth trajectories. Additionally, the research assesses the role of incubators, government policies, and industry collaborations in supporting startups and promoting responsible cultural stewardship. By shedding light on the dynamics between incubation, business transformation, and cultural IP, this study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and academics seeking to foster innovation, preserve cultural heritage, and promote sustainable tourism in Chinese destination cities.

Employee Attendance System with Facial Recognition Technology Using a Single Shot Detector (SSD) Algorithm

The attendance system is an important thing that is used to assess employee performance. Currently, many companies or organizations have developed attendance systems, but there are still many organizations that have not optimized attendance with a reliable system. This happens at the Palu City Tourism Office, where attendance still uses manual recording in album books. Many problems occur with the manual attendance process, so it is necessary to create an attendance system. This research aims to help the Palu City Tourism Office for attendance management by using face recognition technology using the Single Shot Detector (SSD) algorithm. The system development model uses Waterfall. This research uses 20 different facial poses with four people each with 5 poses. This research uses javascript programming language, Next JS framework, tailwind CSS, PostgreSQL database, and face-api.js library. Tests carried out with blackbox results all features on the system function properly then based on the results of face detection testing, the test results obtained that the Single Shot Detector algorithm can detect facial images recorded on the camera quickly and accurately in medium and bright lighting with a distance of 40-80 cm. The result of this research is a system that can recognize faces well by matching the training data image with the face image recorded on the camera in realtime

Pengembangan Aplikasi Peta Pariwisata Digital Menggunakan Metode Markerless Di Kota Palembang

Based on the results of data obtained from the Palembang city tourism office, activities providing information about tourism are not running optimally in reaching prospective domestic and foreign tourists because activities for conveying information about the attractiveness of tourist attractions through brochures, newspapers, and other print media, as well as events being held, are still ongoing. is temporary; in other words, the delivery of information has not become a routine activity by the Palembang City Culture and Tourism Office. Apart from that, the lack of information related to tourist attractions in Palembang can make it difficult for tourists to determine destinations and travel plans because descriptions of areas or tourist attractions, such as visualization of places and distances between one location and another, are unavailable. Therefore, tourists waste time looking for tourist attractions to visit. This research aims to develop a Digital Tourism Map application in Palembang City which is presented with Augmented Reality in the form of 3D Objects using the Markerless Method so that it can make it easier for local and outside tourists in the Palembang City Area to get to know the tourist attractions in Palembang City. One method currently being developed is the Markerless method; with this method, users no longer need to print a marker to display digital elements

The Interactions of City Tourism Stakeholders in Indonesia: Lessons from Surabaya Heritage Track

Given the increased in historical tourism in urban areas, sustainable and competitive city tourism requires an integrated management approach based on the principles of collaborative governance. This article aims to discuss the collaboration among stakeholders in managing Surabaya Heritage Track as a historical city tour. The collaboration involves the private sector, local government, and the community. This qualitative analytical descriptive study uses case a study approach, and collected data through in-depth unstructured interviews and observation. The study shows that the success of Surabaya Heritage Track is influenced by the government policies of corporate social responsibility, and the commitment of the private sector to make the innovation design on the tourism objects with thematic tours. The finding reveals that community support also becomes the strength and resources in collaborative governance, while the initiation of collaboration comes from the private sector. However, the role of local government is still limited, because the collaboration is informal. Interestingly, the collaboration continues because the private sector has a high commitment to preserving the historical heritage of the city. We suggests that local governments facilitate the expansion and enhancement of stakeholder involvement and the institutionalized collaboration can be enhanced to ensure competitive and sustainable city tourism.

Improving the Importance of a Smart city in Achieving a Sustainable Tourism sector

The terms "smart city" and "smart tourism" are now very popular and have become a topical issue. The purpose of the study is to review the latest literature on "smart cities" and "smart tourism" and analyze their role in achieving a sustainable tourism sector, increasing the competitiveness of the tourism sector in a modern way. In addition, to determine the ways of growth and development of tourism in the city through the creation and use of "smart cities". As a result of this study, it was determined that although there is a close connection between "smart city" and "smart tourism", "Smart city" plays a crucial role in the growth and development of tourist destinations. A smart city is the result of interconnections of tourist complexes. In the article, there are proposals to use the principles of "smart tourist cities" in the city of Turkestan. By using the principles of a smart tourist city, the way to form the brand of the city of Turkestan will be opened. The article uses statistical and survey methods. The answers to the survey were entered into the SPSS 22 program, and the normative test results and factor analysis were made regarding the variable elements for creating a smart city.

Tourist Consumption Values and Perceived Risks of Using Smart Technologies: A Market Segmentation Approach

ABSTRACT Despite the importance of market segmentation studies on how tourists perceive smart technologies, few related studies have been conducted. This study examines tourists based on their consumption values and perceived risks of using smart technologies in Macao. An online survey of 644 tourists who had recently been to Macao is conducted. Three distinct tourist segments are identified: ‘Neutral,’ ‘Coexist,’ and ‘Committed’ Groups. ‘Neutral Group’ exhibits relatively lower consumption values and a medium-risk perception regarding smart technologies. ‘Coexist Group’ finds the use of smart technologies in Macao interesting and informative but also expresses concerns about potential risks. ‘Committed Group’ demonstrates the highest levels of consumption values and the lowest perceived risks concerning smart technologies in Macao. This study shows that the three groups differ in their degree of familiarity with the different types of smart technologies, their perception of Macao as a smart tourism city, their willingness to use smart technologies in Macao, and their socio-demographics and travel-related characteristics. It is recommended that the Macao Government Tourism Office targets Committed group first to promote smart tourism in Macao actively. Also, it is important to convey transparent privacy policies to Coexisted Group to reduce their risk perception.

VIKOR-based Method for Assessing the Degree of Development of Film and Television City Tourism Resources in An Intuitively Fuzzy Environment

This paper proposes a multi-attribute decision-making method based on VIKOR in an intuitionistic fuzzy environment to evaluate the extent conducted tourism resources development in film and television cities. Firstly, the decision matrix is normalized; secondly, the VIKOR method is introduced into the performance assessment to calculate the individual regret value and group utility value, and the evaluation objects are ranked in a meritocratic way; finally, the effectiveness and scientificity of the method are proved by example analysis.

Motivasi Kerja Karyawan dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Kinerja di Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata di Kota Surabaya

This research aims to find out and describe how work culture is implemented and what motivates employees to improve their work at the Surabaya City Tourism and Culture Office. This can be seen from various factors, namely, intrinsic (internal) factors and extrinsic (external) factors. In obtaining quality Human Resources, the work process runs smoothly, and the work results are in accordance with what is desired must come from the behavior of each individual. This means that in forming a work culture and work motivation from leaders or employees it must be consistent with good coordination so that the vision and mission of the organization can be realized in accordance with what is desired. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection used interview techniques and carried out observations through purposive sampling techniques. The results of the research show that employee motivation has a big influence on improving the performance of employees at the Surabaya City Culture and Tourism Office. This can be seen from intrinsic (internal) factors and extrinsic (external) factors. Intrinsic (internal) factors are the achievements of the employee himself. Meanwhile, extrinsic (external) factors are in the form of communication relationships experienced between employees and superiors. So it can be concluded that employee work motivation must be maintained from an early age in order to achieve maximum results in accordance with the goals of the organization itself.

How does multi‐modal travel enhance tourist attraction accessibility? A refined two‐step floating catchment area method using multi‐source data

AbstractIn the post‐pandemic era, tourism has emerged as the most popular form of recreation in densely populated areas, driven by the pursuit of improved quality of life and the younger generation's growing enthusiasm for connecting with nature or history. Accurate measurement of the accessibility of tourist attractions has become crucial due to this trend. However, existing methods for measuring accessibility, such as the widely used two‐step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method, show limitations in multi‐modal transport networks as it overlooks multi‐modal travels and assumes uniform access for each transport mode within the catchment area. In this article, we present a novel multi‐modal network‐based two‐step floating catchment area (MMN‐2SFCA) method, which incorporates a super‐network to explicitly model the multi‐modal travels. The proposed method emphasizes the modeling of transfer behavior, resulting in a more comprehensive and accurate measurement of tourist attraction accessibility compared to the conventional 2SFCA method. The proposed method emphasizes the modeling of transfer behavior, travel mode choice, and travel demand estimation by multi‐source big data (including mobile phone signaling data, travel survey data, subway smart card data, and bike‐sharing data), resulting in a more comprehensive and accurate measurement of tourist attraction accessibility compared to the conventional 2SFCA method. The results of the case study in Suzhou (a famous tourism city in China) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MMN‐2SFCA method. The method can rectify the imbalance in accessibility distribution caused by considering only single‐modal trips, and avoid overestimation of accessibility by accounting for transfer behavior. This study contributes to advancing accessibility measurement for multi‐modal transport networks. Moreover, the MMN‐2SFCA method offers excellent extensibility, enabling authorities to optimize and coordinate multi‐modal transport networks for improving the accessibility of tourist attractions and other facilities.

Exploring digital innovation in smart tourism destinations: insights from 31 premier tourist cities in digital China

Purpose This study aims to unveil the pivotal components and implementation pathways in the digital innovation of smart tourism destinations, while constructing a theoretical framework from a holistic perspective. Design/methodology/approach The research focuses on 31 significant urban smart tourism destinations in China. Secondary data was collected through manual search supplemented by big data scraping, whereas primary data was obtained from interviews with municipal tourism authorities. Grounded theory was used to theoretically construct the phenomenon of digital innovation in smart tourism destinations. Findings This research has formulated a data-driven knowledge framework for digital innovation in smart tourism destinations. Core components include digital organizational innovation, smart data platforms, multi-stakeholder digital collaborative ecosystem and smart tourism scenario systems. Destinations can achieve smart tourism scene innovation through closed innovation driven by smart data platforms or open innovation propelled by a multi-stakeholder digital collaborative ecosystem. Practical implications Based on insights from digital innovation practices, this study proposes a series of concrete recommendations aimed at assisting Destination Management Organizations in formulating and implementing more effective digital innovation strategies to enhance the sustainable digital competitiveness of destinations. Originality/value This study advances smart tourism destination innovation research from localized thinking to systemic thinking; extends digital innovation theory into the realm of smart tourism destination innovation; repositions the significance of knowledge in smart tourism destination innovation; and constructs a comprehensive framework for digital innovation in smart tourism destinations.

Cultural shock of high‐speed rail: Evidence from social trust

AbstractThe opening of high‐speed rail (HSR), as an exogenous shock, has had a profound and complex effect on social life. This study analyzes the effect of the opening of HSR on social trust. Results show that the opening of HSR promotes social trust. Mechanism analysis showed that although the opening of HSR accelerated population mobility and decreased trust in strangers, economic growth and improvement of local social issues mitigated the negative effects of its opening. In addition, our results also show that individuals turn to trust in their parents, neighbors, and doctors. Considering the potential endogeneity problem, instrumental variable and difference‐in‐differences estimators consistently indicated the promoting effect of the HSR opening on trust. Heterogeneity analysis showed that the opening of HSR had a greater effect on female, urban residents, younger groups, and married people. Last, cities with larger populations and tourist cities were more vulnerable to shocks.

Tourism Urbanisation in Metropolitan Fringe: Insights from the Tourist City of Lavasa in Pune, India

This paper examines the processes surrounding tourism-led urbanisation in the periphery of a metropolitan region using the case of Pune—a metropolitan city in India. Pune houses five million people and its hinterlands were amalgamated in 2016 into the Pune Metropolitan Region (PMR) administered by Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority. We used a geographical perspective of core-periphery focusing on “destination-bound” and “citybound” angles for conceptualising tourism in PMR. We draw attention to the significance of “destination-bound” flows from the core to the periphery using a detailed study of Lavasa city—a tourism destination located 60 km southwest of Pune. A morphological study of the Lavasa tourism sub-region was conducted using temporal mapping and direct observations at two scales: within the Lavasa city, and along the road connecting Lavasa with Pune city. The findings show how a “tourism corridor” is created when the destination at the periphery is a tourist attraction. The corridor is characterised by informal tourism activities that are outside the reach of the tourism policy. We argue that tourism sub-regions generate settlements and landscapes in the peripheries of metropolitan regions, particularly around natural resources. These leisure spaces in the periphery and hinterlands contribute to the distinct territoriality of metropolitan regions.