City Local Government Research Articles

Analisis Penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Ditinjau Dari Kontribusi PAD, Elastisitas PAD dan Kinerja Pajak Daerah Pada Pemerintah Kota Sibolga

This study aims to analyze the contribution of local revenue, the elasticity of local revenue and the performance of local taxes in the Sibolga City government. Local Own Revenue is the right of the local government which is recognized as an increase in the value of net assets obtained from local taxes, local levies, the results of the management of separated local assets and other legitimate local revenue. This research was tested on the sibolga city local government in 2018-2022. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive and quantitative analysis. The results of the analysis show that the contribution of local revenue tends to be unfavorable, the elasticity of local revenue tends to be elastic to gross regional domestic product and the performance of local taxes tends to be very effective.

Analysis of factors affecting on local government’s financial losses in North Sulawesi

This study intends to examine if internal control effectivity, audit findings, audit opinion, completion of follow up audit results and characteristics of regional head have impacts on local government’s financial losses. The study will use district and city local governments in North Sulawesi province as a case study to examine this relationship. Using a sample of 80 respondents in the year 2024, this study draws on primary sources to examine all of the local governments in North Sulawesi Province. Multiple linear regression analysis was processed by Smart PLS version 3.0 software program in order to analyze data and evaluate hypothesis. This study demonstrate that: (1) effectiveness of internal control system has a negative and significant effect on local government’s financial losses; (2) audit findings has negative and significant effect on local government’s financial losses; (3) audit opinion has negative and significant effect on local government’s financial losses; (4) completion of follow up audit results has negative and significant effect on local government’s financial losses; and (5) characteristics of regional heads has negative and significant effect on local government’s financial losses.

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Land Green Utilization Efficiency and Driving Factors: An Empirical Study Based on Spatial Econometrics

Green development is an inevitable choice for sustainable development under the constraints of environmental resources. This paper attempts to explore the connotation of urban land green utilization efficiency (LGUE) and reveal its spatial differentiation characteristics. This study adopts the super-SBM model to measure LGUE from 2009 to 2022 and analyzes the spatiotemporal variation rules. Then, the study reveals the spatial influencing factors of LGUE, drawing the following conclusions: (1) the average efficiency value of LGUE at the national level is still at a low level, but it is on an upward trend. There are significant differences in LGUE among the eastern, central, and western regions, with the highest LGUE in the eastern region and the lowest in the western region. (2) The spatial distribution of LGUE in various cities across the country is not entirely random but shows significant spatial autocorrelation characteristics. The improvement in LGUE in a region can improve the surrounding region's LGUE. (3) Economic development level promotes the improvement of local city LGUE, but its impact on LGUE of surrounding neighboring cities is not significant; local city industrial structure upgrading can improve LGUE in both local and neighboring cities; foreign investment in local cities can promote LGUE in both local and neighboring cities; the increase in population density will hinder LGUE in local cities but improve surrounding cities LGUE. The intervention degree of local city government will suppress the improvement of LGUE in both local and neighboring cities.

Analysis of Cirebon City Local Government Policies in the Use of Social Media for MSME Product Marketing

The development of MSMEs in Cirebon City faces several challenges, including the lack of understanding among MSME actors about the use of technology in digital marketing. This study aims to determine the involvement of local government, especially the Office of Small, Medium Enterprises, Industry, and Trade Cooperatives, in supporting MSMEs through the use of social media. The study examines two variables: the content of the policy and the implementation environment. This research is qualitative in nature, with data collection techniques conducted through direct interviews with the Office and MSMEs in Cirebon City. The results indicate that the use of social media for marketing MSME products in Cirebon City has been effective, as evidenced by the increased promotion of MSME products. However, limitations in human resources, skills, and knowledge about marketing administration remain weaknesses. Therefore, regular and consistent training on the use of social media platforms for MSMEs is necessary, and the Cirebon City Regional Government should monitor the implementation of these programs.

SEFERİHİSAR AS A CITTASLOW

Inspired by the Slow Food Movement, the main purpose of the Cittaslow approach is to inspire a healthier lifestyle by disseminating the Slow Food philosophy to local communities and city governments and implementing eco-gastronomy concepts in daily life practice. Accordingly, food consumption should be seasonal, and respect for health should be the first practice. The second obvious practice is to ensure that places such as works of art, squares, theatres, shops, cafes and restaurants are protected and used in the spirit of ancient culture and traditions. Thus, it is desired to resist the homogenization and globalization of the city by protecting the environment and preserving the cultural diversity and originality of the city. A third sign is that slowing the pace of life and traffic flow in settlements increases everyone's quality of life. Seferihisar, Turkey's first calm city, offers very special historical heritage items from the past, natural beauties and handmade products of today. Their promotion and protection are extremely important. Again, this example is intended to be a criterion for candidate settlements that will enter this group in the future. KEYWORDS: Eco-friendly settlements, social justice, safety, sustainable environment, good living.

THE INFLUENCE OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS, TECHNOLOGY AND LOCAL APPARATUS ON THE FINANCIAL REPORTING OF BPKAD IN BANDUNG CITY

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the application of government accounting standards, the utilization of technology and the quality of local government apparatus on the quality reports of the Bandung City BPKAD Financial Reporting (BPKAD). This study combines several variables, namely, the variables of application standard accountancy governance (X1), utilization technology (X2), and quality apparatus government area (X3) against quality report finance (Y). The researchers took samples using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the implementation of the government accounting standard has a significant positive effect on the Quality of financial reports. The use of technology has an important positive effect. The quality of the local Government Apparatus government area has an obvious positive effect, and the use of information technology can assist government entities in compiling and producing quality financial reports effectively, efficiently, and economically. It is important to pay more attention to the competency of the human resources of government employees. For the local government of Bandung city, it is advised to further improve the quality, relevance, and understandability of the financial statements produced so that financial reports can be presented in a timely manner. The SKPD level needs to be considered, as they greatly assist employees in performing their duties effectively.

How Citizens Meet the State: Police Contact, Trust, and Civic Engagement

This paper investigates the relationship between the police, the most visible street-level bureaucrat of local city governments, and citizen political attitudes and behaviors toward local city institutions. We introduce a holistic conceptualization of police-citizen contact and examine how each type impacts citizen trust toward and participation in political institutions. Leveraging an original survey targeting the city of South Bend and spatial data from the city government, results demonstrate that greater day-to-day contact with police has a positive impact on trust in state agencies while citizens who seek service from the police but are left unsatisfied result in lower trust in state apparatus. Most importantly, indirect exposure to police coercion has a negative impact on trust while direct and proximal contact with police predicts higher level of civic activism. This study demonstrates the fragility and challenge of building trust in police-citizen relationships, and how extreme encounters with the police can, in the right circumstances, spur citizen activism.

Talent Management Policy and Meritocracy to Accelerate Bureaucratic Reform of Local Government: Comparative Study of Pontianak and Pekanbaru Cities

The Indonesian government prioritizes implementing talent management for bureaucratic reform in civil service (ASN) management. The merit system index measures the implementation of human resource management based on meritocracy values in government agencies with a minimal score of 250. However, data shows that only 12.8%of district and city local government agencies are included in the good and excellent categories, which is still far from the target set. At the end of 2022, based on data from the Indonesian Civil Service Commission (KASN) assessment results, the Pekanbaru City Government (Riau Province) got an outstanding or “Good” category for the merit system index. On the other hand, Pontianak City (West Kalimantan Province) is also in the excellent or “Very Good” category. This study aims to analyze the efforts made by the Pontianak City Government and Pekanbaru City in implementing the ASN management merit system and identify strategies to implement talent management. Studies are based on the results of qualitative research through collection of data and information from various sources, such as interviews, observations, secondary data, and documentation. Purposive sampling is applied with primary data sources obtained directly from the location through documentary evidence, focus group discussion (FGD), and interviews. The results of the study found that the governments of Pontianak City and Pekanbaru City have prepared several policies and initiatives for merit-based ASN management, as well as the implementation of talent management. Political support encourages the implementation of good talent management to be the key to success, because of the understanding of the importance of human resources to improve public services and encourage economic growth and quality of life in Pekanbaru City and Pontianak City. The absence of in-depth studies of talent management applications in city/regency local governments, especially outside Java, can contribute significantly to both the application practice and the science of administration and public policy.
 Keywords: talent management policy, civil service management, meritocracy, local government, bureaucratic reform

Medical and social aspects of the activities of local self-government and the medical community of Yekaterinodar in the late XIX – early XX century

The purpose of the study: to study the medical and social aspects of the activities of public institutions of the city of Yekaterinodar in the early twentieth century, as a reflection of global trends shaping the public health system. Materials and methods: historical-descriptive, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, biographical methods were used in the work. The article is based on published sources and archival materials available to the authors. Results. Currently, there is no doubt that the level of public health depends not only on the activities of medical institutions, the qualifications of doctors, medical staff, but also on the timely comprehensive solution of many social issues with the participation of public and state institutions. The article presents some examples of the formation of such interaction and original solutions to urgent medical and social problems in Yekaterinodar (now Krasnodar) at the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century. The issues of financing medical institutions, medical salaries and pensions, the organization of measures to combat epidemics, the formation of sanitary services, the opening of new specialized hospital departments, and services for the poorest segments of the population were touched upon. The elements of educational work, ways to solve the problem of high infant mortality and the organization of the first Consultation for infants are shown. Many doctors actively participated in the work of local city government, being “public” of the City Duma and the City Council, thereby contributing to the solution of many social and medical issues, including problems of payment for treatment, different categories of the population and “hospital arrears”. Conclusion . Thus, without having a clear state concept and program for the development of healthcare, the city administration, together with the medical community, demonstrated the desire and possibility of jointly solving many medical and social problems of the city of Yekaterinodar. That is, during this period, the potential properties and understanding of the need for the development of the public health system and sphere were formed in the regional society.

Land Ownership Rights to Cultural Reserve Buildings in Surabaya based on Basic Agrarian Law and Cultural Heritage Law

<div><p class="abstract"><span>In colonial times, the city of Surabaya was an important part that held a lot of history. Surabaya is known as the oldest port city in Indonesia during the Dutch East Indies era and was the centre of government and international trade. Apart from that, Surabaya was also named a city of heroes because the heroes at that time were willing to sacrifice themselves to fight for and defend the independence of the Republic of Indonesia by fighting the invaders. On that basis, Surabaya is rich in cultural heritage. Most of the heritage of these historic buildings is still standing and can be found in several areas of the city of Surabaya. The local Department of Tourism and Culture has established regulations to protect original historic buildings as city heritage. However, in fulfilling the rights and obligations of individuals and city governments, land rights owned from generation to generation must be considered by the local city government. This research uses normative juridical with doctrinal and statutory regulatory approaches. This research aims to find regional regulations regarding cultural heritage related to ownership rights in managing cultural heritage land and buildings.</span></p></div>

Initiatives of City Government of Calamba and Awareness of City on Plastic Dependency Reduction: Basis for Action Plan

This study aimed to determine and understand the implementation and level of awareness regarding plastic dependency reduction initiatives by the City Government of Calamba. These initiatives were developed to decrease plastic usage and manage its disposal through public awareness and behavioral changes toward plastic usage and disposal. The study sought to explore the significant difference between the assessments of Barangay Residents and Calamba City Local Government on these initiatives and to evaluate the significant relationship between the implementation and the level of awareness of plastic dependency reduction in Calamba City. A total of 242 surveys were collected through a random sampling method utilizing a researcher-made survey form. The data were interpreted using composite mean, a Four Point Likert Scale, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. The results revealed a difference between the assessments of Barangay Residents and Calamba City Local Government on the City Government initiatives. Furthermore, the findings showed a significant relationship between the assessments of Barangay Residents and Calamba City Local Government authorities on the implementation of these initiatives and the level of awareness of plastic dependency reduction. Based on these findings, the researcher proposed an action plan and activities to be initiated by the City Environment and Natural Resources Office. These activities focus on public involvement and environmental awareness to improve the ongoing initiatives on plastic dependency reduction in the City of Calamba.

Implementation of climate adaptation in the public health sector in Europe: qualitative thematic analysis

Abstract Background Adaptation, to reduce the health impacts of climate change, is driven by political action, public support and events (extreme weather). National adaptation policies or strategies are limited in addressing human health risks and implementation of adaptation in the public health community is not well understood. Aim To identify key issues in climate change adaptation implementation for public health in Europe. Methods Key informant interviews with decision-makers in international, national and local city governments in 19 European countries. Participants were recruited if a senior decision-maker working in public health, environmental health or climate adaptation. Interviews addressed Barriers and levers for adaptation, policy alignment, networks and evidence needs. Results Thirty-two interviews were completed between June and October 2021 with 4 international, 5 national and 23 city/local government stakeholders. Respondents reported inadequate resources (funding, training and personnel) for health-adaptation implementation and the marginal role of health in adaptation policy. A clear mandate to act was key for implementation and resource allocation. Limited cross-departmental collaboration and poor understanding of the role of public health in climate policy were barriers to implementation. Conclusions Across Europe, progress is varied in implementation of climate adaptation in public health planning. Providing appropriate resources, training, knowledge mobilization and supporting cross-departmental collaboration and multi-level governance will facilitate adaptation to protect human health.

Exploring Citizen Initiated Contacts and the Role of Local Councilors in Problem Resolution: Evidence From Pakistan

In this study we investigate Citizen Initiated Contacts (CICs) as a common mode of political participation. CICs arise when citizens contact local government departments for services or to make complaints. Yet, increasingly citizens are contacting their political representatives to resolve their issues rather than local government departments. Using a quantitative approach based on questionnaire data collected from two city local governments in Pakistan, we investigate this phenomenon. Our findings reveal that knowledge and accessibility of local government departments supplemented by perceived need juxtaposed between unresponsive and difficult to contact local government services resulted in citizens contacting their political representatives to resolve their issues. Policy and practical considerations are suggested to improve the effectiveness of CICs in public participation exercises.

A LONG AND WINDING ROAD OF THE TOBACCO-FREE AREAS IMPLEMENTATION IN SEMARANG

Background: The Tobacco-Free Areas (TFA) policy is an effective way to control the negative effects of smoking on the community, especially passive smokers. Semarang has had a TFA policy since 2013. However, some people still smoke freely in some areas, such as workplaces, kindergartens, and other public places. Aims: Identifying the implementation of Semarang City Local Government Regulation Number 3 of 2013 concerning Tobacco-Free Areas. Methods: This was qualitative research using the case study method. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with some key informants according to the inclusion criteria. Triangulation was conducted through observation and in-depth interviews with some informants. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Some violations still occurred, mostly at the workplace and educational places, including government offices and schools. Violations happened due to inadequate support of the office’s heads, insufficient workers and the society’s awareness, policy rejection, inadequate financial support, lack of media exposure, and obscurity of the regulation articles, which led to misinterpretation. For example, Article 7, verse 3 states that the TFA regulation will be regulated by the mayor's decree. This statement weakens the regulation itself since the mayor's decree is not as strong as the local regulation. Conclusion: The implementation of Semarang City Local Government Regulation Number 3 of 2013 concerning Tobacco-Free Areas has not been carried out properly in all of the TFA areas. Violations were still found in many areas. Keywords: regulation, secondhand smokers, smoking, tobacco-free areas

Are Local Government Information Systems in Indonesia Successfully Implemented?

The increasing development of information and communication technology has an impact on changes in all fields including the government sector which is marked by the enactment of a new policy, namely the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 70 of 2019 concerning Regional Government Information Systems (SIPD). This study evaluates the success of implementing the Local Government Information System (SIPD) application in the Metro City Local Government through the IS Success Model. The Grand Theory used in this research is the Information Success Model. The variables in this study use constructs from the IS Success Model, including information quality, system quality, service quality, user satisfaction, and usage benefits. The sampling technique in this study uses non-probability sampling which uses Purposive Sampling with several criteria for respondents so that a sample of 93 respondents is obtained. Data analysis in this study used SPSS version 26 with path analysis testing. The results showed that information quality, service quality, and user satisfaction had a positive effect on user benefits but not system quality. In this study, user satisfaction mediates between the independent and dependent variables.

Effects of Methanolic Ginger and Garlic Extracts on Biofilm Forming Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Borehole Water

This study investigated the effect of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) and Allum sativum (Garlic) on biofilm forming Staphylococcus aureus isolated from selected boreholes in Port Harcourt city Local Government Area of Rivers State. Twenty four water samples were collected from 4 randomly selected borehole. Borikiri had the highest number of isolates that produced biofilm, while Elelennwo had the lowest number. Out of 23 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, 14 were positive for biofilm production. Hemolysis production range of these isolates was from alpha, beta and gamma. Filter paper disc were inoculated with various plant extract concentrations. Methanol garlic extract at 100mg/ml had the highest range of zone of inhibition at Borikiri when compared to methanol ginger extract while methanol garlic extract at 100mg/ml had no range at Elelenwo when compared to methanol ginger extract. This study suggests that methanolic ginger and garlic extracts can be used as a potential anti-biofilm agent in borehole water, to reduce the risk of bacterial biofilm formation.
 Surveillance systems should be increased for assessing risk factors of diseases and to provide strategies to prevent and protect public health.

Private-led land assembly and urban consolidation: The relative influence of regulatory zoning mechanisms

From the time a city is first subdivided, its structure of lots act as a precursor to all future redevelopment, forming the spatial bounds of land ownership that force buildings to develop and evolve in their place. It is therefore critical for planning systems that intend to contain urban sprawl to encourage the lot superstructure to adapt to the emerging needs of a city. This study assesses the role that existing regulatory planning mechanisms play in directing the spatial distribution and frequency of private developer-led land assembly. Drawing on two inner city local government areas in Melbourne, Australia, this research analyses the relative influence of local zone-led development controls on the occurrence of land assembly over an eleven-year period. A descriptive spatial analysis and global logistic regression model reveal that an interplay of maximum height restrictions, existing plot boundaries, and sales prices, have led to a disordered distribution of parcel amalgamations. A geographically weighted logistic regression model highlights spatial variation in the influence of these factors, with small lots in the inner city being subject to the least influence of development controls. The results are supplemented by a small sample of interviews with local planners and developers, who suggest that regulatory planning controls inadvertently turn desired built form outcomes into a tool for capital appreciation and landowner holdouts. In combination, the findings suggest that zone-led development controls do little to influence market forces in a manner that induces private-led land assembly in favour of the public good.

Implementation of Trademark Registration in Pekanbaru

Background. The use of Intellectual Property Rights, especially product brand registration for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, has not been running optimally in Indonesia, and especially in the city of Pekanbaru, due to the lack of understanding of home industry entrepreneurs about brands and registration procedures, lack of technical guidance and programmatic socialization from the Regional Government. Purpose. This study aims to analyze the low implementation of product trademark registration for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and to analyze the role of the local government of Pekanbaru city in the implementation of product trademark registration for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in improving trade business. Method. The approach used in this study is a normative juridical approach and an empirical juridical approach to obtain correct and objective research results. Results. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the implementation of product trademark registration for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Pekanbaru city has not been running as expected, as evidenced in 2022, out of 25,074 trademarks circulating in the market, only 8 (eight) have implemented their trademark registration. Conclusion. Furthermore, it is known that the role of local government in the implementation of trademark registration for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Pekanbaru city is not running as expected, because the local government of Pekanbaru city has not given maximum attention to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises so that they do not develop and make updates in innovating in accordance with science and technology and community needs.

Legal Aspects in Religional Financial Management Case Study on the Surabaya City Covernment Budget

Economic development aims to enhance capabilities and freedom of choice, relying significantly on government spending. The local government's financial administration, as shown by the Regional Budget (APBD), reflects its capacity to fund governance, development, and social services. Financial ratios analysis is employed to assess the local government's performance. Regional autonomy laws empower regional authorities to provide transparent, participatory, and accountable services to the community. This study evaluates the efficiency of regional revenue realization using a descriptive juridical approach, focusing on the legal aspects of financial management in Surabaya City's local government budget.

The End of “Business As Usual”? Reimagining Barcelona Tourism After (COVID)-19

This article examines the impact of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) on tourism in Barcelona, identifying the pandemic as a crucial turning point and window of opportunity for redefining the sector and reimagining Barcelona???s relationship with tourism. Throughout the pandemic, Barcelona???s tourism sector has experienced an unprecedented drop in visitors and revenue. The city must embrace new strategies for tourism and development in order to remain resilient in the face of this crisis. Cultural tourism offers both a shortterm opportunity for economic recovery and a longer-term solution to the city???s preexisting sustainability issues. In addition to capitalizing on Barcelona???s wealth of cultural resources to attract “proximity” tourists, cultural tourism affords future opportunities to reduce the negative externalities of mass tourism and to reimagine a more sustainable tourism model for the city. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the article weighs the present need to promote tourism???s potential contribution to economic recovery against the future challenges of post-COVID-19 tourism and Barcelona???s need for greater sustainability. We include qualitative analysis based on press and document analysis of local newspapers and city government and tourism sector documents, as well as quantitative analysis of existing economic and tourism data and the results of a residents??? survey undertaken through the SPOT project (EU-H2020). In doing so, we highlight the role cultural tourism may play in Barcelona???s inclusive growth after COVID-19, addressing prior sustainability issues and promoting a more equal distribution of tourism???s benefits. This article also contributes to the ongoing dialogue between researchers and government and tourism actors regarding tourism???s role in local development and the future of the city, thus contributing to future strategies and policies.