Cities In Vietnam Research Articles

Investigating the immediate and mid-term effect of a gamified e-learning platform for the enhancement of traffic knowledge and skills among Vietnamese adolescents operating powered two-wheelers

Introduction: Traffic crashes caused by adolescents are being assessed as particularly serious and a common concern of society as a whole. Improving traffic knowledge and skills is crucial in reducing adolescent traffic crashes. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a gamified e-learning platform on traffic knowledge and skills among adolescents (aged 15–18) in Vietnam. Method: Using a pretest–posttest design, this quasi-experimental study, included 350 participants within the intervention group and 350 participants within the control group. All participants were selected from three high schools in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Intervention group participants got a gamified traffic safety learning experience with a gamified e-learning platform, while control group participants received general traffic safety education through conventional methods using short videos. The effect was measured via tests focusing on traffic knowledge and skills. Data were subsequently collected from both groups before (i.e., pretest) and immediately after (i.e., posttest 1) following the education. In addition, within the intervention group also a second posttest (i.e., posttest 2) was conducted six months after following the education. Results: A significant increase in scores on posttest 1 compared to the pretest was found in the intervention group but not in the control group. Also, among the intervention group, the scores in posttest 2 were significantly better than those in the pretest, however, there was no difference in scores between posttest 1 and posttest 2. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the gamified e-learning platform cannot only improve participants’ knowledge of traffic safety but also help participants retain such knowledge for at least six months. Practical implications: The study findings can reinforce the important role of traffic safety education in improving adolescent traffic knowledge and skills.

Sustainable development in Mekong Delta, Vietnam: designing resilient cities based on landscape ecological principles

ABSTRACT Mekong Delta cities are increasingly degrading as a result of urbanization, flood control, and climate change. These cities are increasingly vulnerable to flooding, and current flood control measures are not only inappropriate but also exacerbate the impacts of climate change and urbanization. A flood-resilient city is a solution; however, applying this idea to the actual urban environment through exposure to flood risk is not effective for long-term, sustainable development. This research evaluates landscape structure, changes in land use, and changes in economic, social, and cultural structure, thereby proposing rules for sustainable urban development planning. In addition, this research also suggests a comprehensive functional space plan for Cao Lanh City. This city plays a role as a case study that helps clarify the proposed rules for sustainable urban development planning for Mekong Delta cities in Vietnam.

Local residents' perception on factors affecting the willingness to pay for improved urban canal water: a case study in Can Tho city of Vietnam.

Urbanization and economic development cause water pollution in the inner-city canals and rivers globally. Bung Xang canal in Can Tho city of Vietnam is facing problems with water pollution due to the lack of centralized wastewater treatment plants and low public awareness on environmental protection. Perception of local residents was collected using structured questionnaires including both qualitative and quantitative information. Regression analysis was employed to evaluate the factors affecting the decision of respondents on the willingness to pay (WTP) to improve water quality in the Bung Xang canal. Knowledge about the environmental protection fee for domestic wastewater (10% of the VAT-excluded from the selling price of 1 m3 of tap water purchased), age of the respondents and their education levels affected the WTP positively, while respondents' perception on water quality affected the WTP negatively. There was 58.33% of the respondents showed the WTP for improved water quality in the canal. They agreed to pay a small fee of VND 10,000 to 15,000 (equivalent to USD 0.42-0.63)/month (1 US$= 23,700 VND). The result indicates that environmental education is the only way forward for a successful sustainable urban city.

Fostering public sector employees’ citizen-oriented boundary-spanning behaviors through human resource flexibility and employee perceptions of normative public values

Purpose Public sector employees’ contributions play a crucial role in improving public service quality and promoting the image of public organizations. The aim of this research is to unravel how and when human resource (HR) flexibility activates citizen-oriented boundary-spanning behaviors among public sector employees.Design/methodology/approach The data were collected from 427 public sector employees and 102 supervisors working for governmental agencies from the districts of a major city in Vietnam. Multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) was employed to analyze the data.Findings The positive associations between HR flexibility and the three dimensions of citizen-oriented boundary-spanning behaviors were supported. Harmonious passion demonstrated a mediating path for such linkages. Employee perceptions of normative public values were found to exert a positive moderating effect on the positive link between HR flexibility and harmonious passion, as well as their indirect link via harmonious passion.Originality/value This study advances the literature by identifying how and when HR flexibility shapes citizen-oriented boundary-spanning behaviors among public sector employees.

Economic challenges faced by migrant street vendors during a crisis: implications for social inclusion development

PurposeInformal migrant workers and street vendors have long been recognized as vulnerable groups in urban areas of Global South countries. However, limited studies exist on the economic challenges faced by migrant street vendors during crises. We aim to address this gap by shedding light on their livelihood and welfare losses during a public health crisis.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses descriptive and qualitative analyzes to triangulate the results. Data are derived from surveys and in-depth interviews with migrant street vendors in the two biggest cities in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsThe street vendors experienced significant business loss and consumption reduction during social distancing as well as encountered difficulties in recovering their businesses in the “new normal.” These adverse consequences were also found to disproportionately affect women vendors. Additionally, despite adopting various strategies and mitigation mechanisms to sustain their businesses and consumption, these efforts proved insufficient.Social implicationsThis research underscores the importance of short-term and long-term urban policies aimed at supporting and promoting the social inclusion of street vendors, particularly migrant and women vendors.Originality/valueThis research represents one of the early attempts to explore the adverse effects of a public health crisis on migrant street vendors and to examine whether the crisis disproportionately affected vendors from different genders and educational backgrounds. It also examines their business recovery in the “new normal.”

Assessment of environmental quality using biological index - The case of Can Tho city, Vietnam

Many countries have used the biodiversity indexes to monitor environmental quality as well as assess ecosystem impacts, but most provinces and cities in Vietnam carrying out water monitor through physicochemical sampling that cause of costly. In this study, zoobenthos were collected from the rivers’ bottoms, where received wastewater from domestic activities (3 points) and from industrial productions (3 points) in Can Tho city. At domestic wastewater effected sampling points, there are 29 species belonging to 6 classes including Oligochaeta, Polychaeta, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Crustacea and Insecta; the species density of 1,930 and 7,700 individuals/m2 in December and March. The industrial wastewater effected sampling points recorded 17 species belonging to 5 classes including Oligochaeta, Polychaeta, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, and Insecta; the species density during December and March are 3,890 and 5,680 individuals/m2. For the diversity index, the H’, DM, d, and ASPT values show better environmental quality received domestic wastewater than that of industrial wastewater. The biological index derived from benthic assessment could applied for environmental quality monitoring program at studied sites.

Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus in North Central Vietnam during 2021 and early 2022.

In October 2020, the first outbreaks of lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Lang Son Province, Vietnam were reported by our laboratory. The disease had rapidly spread to the South, and it was reported in 55 of 63 provinces and cities of Vietnam by the end of 2021. The most economic loss caused by this disease occurred in the north-central region in 2021 where approximately 46,788 LSD virus (LSDV) infected cattle and buffaloes have been reported and 8,976 animals have been culled. However, the information on this pathogen circulating in this region is missing. Here, we describe the molecular characterization of LSDV circulating in north-central Vietnam in 2021 and early 2022. In total, 155 LSDV samples were collected during this period and three of these samples from each province were further characterized by Sanger sequencing analysis based on three key maker genes (GPCR, RPO30, and p32). Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis based on GPCR, RPO30, and p32 genes indicated that LSDV strains circulating in north-central Vietnam are closely related to previously reported strains in Vietnam regions which bordered China and all LSDV strains were 100% identical. These results show the importance of continuous monitoring and characterization of circulating LSDV strains and are important for vaccine development for the control and eradication of LSD in Vietnam.

Environmental risk assessment of selected pharmaceuticals in hospital wastewater in nothern Vietnam

Pharmaceuticals are progressively employed in both human and veterinary medicine and increasingly recognized as environmental contaminants. This study investigated the occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants of 12 hospitals in Hanoi and 3 northern cities of Vietnam during dry and rainy seasons. In addition, environmental risk of pharmaceuticals in both hospital influents and effluents were evaluated based on risk quotients (RQs). Nine selected pharmaceutical compounds including sulfamethoxazole (SMX), naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU), acetaminophen (ACT), carbamazepine (CBM), iopromide (IOP), atenolol (ATN), and caffeine (CAF) were frequently detected in most influent and effluent wastewaters of 12 investigated hospitals. Detected compound levels exhibited a wide range, from as low as 1 ng/L for DCF to as high as 61,772 ng/L for ACT. Among these compounds, ACT, CAF, SMX, and IOP were consistently detected at substantial concentrations in both influents and effluents. This investigation also highlighted potential risks posed by SMX, ACT, and CAF residues present in influents and effluents of hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to aquatic ecosystem. These finding are expected to provide scientific-based evidence for the development of hospital waste management and environmental management programs in Vietnam.

How karmic beliefs and beliefs in a just world interact to trigger consumer’s pro-environmental consumption behavior: does gender matter?

PurposeLittle is known about how religious-related beliefs (i.e. karmic beliefs and beliefs in a just world) might affect consumers to engage in more environmentally friendly behavior. Drawing on the justice motive theory, this study aims to explore the individual, complementary, congruent and incongruent impacts of karmic beliefs and belief in a just world on consumers’ proenvironmental consumption.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 736 consumers was recruited by means of a mall-intercept survey in the most populus cities in Vietnam. An advanced technique – polynomial regression with response surface analysis – was used to test the hypothesized model, whereas the PROCESS macro approach was used to estimate indirect effects.FindingsThe findings indicate that while karmic beliefs do not directly affect proenvironmental consumption, they can inspire environmentally friendly behaviors through belief in a just world. High levels of both beliefs enhance proenvironmental consumption, but imbalanced levels erode such behaviors. Importantly, the findings revealed gender differences concerning the role of religious beliefs in influencing proenvironmental consumption among male and female consumers.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study offered several theoretical and managerial implications for proenvironmental consumption.Originality/valueThe research provides new insights into how religious beliefs (karmic beliefs and belief in a just world) affect, interact, balance and imbalance with each other to trigger proenvironmental consumption. The research also contributes to the sustainable consumption literature by indicating the mediation roles of belief in a just world and proenvironmental consumption intention in the relationship between beliefs in karma and actual proenvironmental consumption behavior, as well as offering empirical evidence about the gender differences regarding these relationships.

Building nursing homes for high-income individuals/families in Vietnam

This study employs a Bayes model to examine the impact of income groups on the Nursing home usage costs across 10 provinces and cities in Vietnam: Ha Noi, Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Hai Phong, Nam Dinh, Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh City, Can Tho, Dong Nai, and Binh Duong. The study utilizes 8 variables: Average population (DSTB), Average income (TNTB), Income group 1 (TN1), Income group 2 (TN2), Income group 3 (IG3), Income group 4 (TN4), Income group 5 (TN5), Cost of using nursing home (CP), with data collected annually from 2012 to 2022. The results indicate that major cities attract larger populations and a higher proportion of elderly individuals, thus attracting more investment in various forms of nursing homes, thereby improving their competitiveness. Among income groups of residents in provinces and cities, income group 5 has the highest income and shows a positive correlation with cost of using nursing home, which aligns well with reality. In recent years, affluent families have shown a preference for high-end nursing homes offering the best care services, albeit at higher costs than standard ones. However, fundamentally, Vietnamese individuals have not prioritized the choice of living in nursing homes during their elderly years. Research results show that it is necessary to focus on the quality of nursing home services because of increasing demand and the aging population trend of Vietnam in the future.

Research on the Legal Status of Urban Governments: from the Practice of Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Objective: The article studies the legal status of city government in centrally run cities through legal regulations as a basis for the organization, operation, and construction of city government in Centrally run cities: From the practice of Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. From there, the authors proposed to improve the system of legal regulations related to the organization and operations of the Thu Duc City government. Method: The article is conducted based on synthesizing and analyzing international documents, thereby drawing out achievements and shortcomings of laws related to the organization and operation of government. Thu Duc City's authority in the process of organizing and implementing regulations in practice. In addition, the authors also conducted a survey of 300 votes on three related subjects: managers of Ho Chi Minh City and Thu Duc City; department-level managers in Thu Duc City; Ward-level People's Committee; and people in Thu Duc City about the legal regulations as a basis for perfecting the legal status and organization, operation and construction of the government of Thu Duc city and Ho Chi Minh City. Results and Discussion: The city-within-a-city model has existed and developed in several countries around the world such as China, Korea, Japan, and the Philippines. However, the city government model in centrally run cities in Vietnam is completely new, so there are still many legal problems, as well as practical implementation. Therefore, this article summarizes the legal regulations as a basis for building the Thu Duc City government, based on analyzing the achievements and shortcomings of the law related to the organization. and activities of the Thu Duc City government in the process of organizing and implementing regulations in practice. From there, the authors proposed to improve the system of legal regulations related to the organization and operations of the Thu Duc City government. Discussion: The government organization model in a special administrative-economic unit like the Thu Duc City government comes from the special and unique features of the objects managed and served by the government apparatus, Therefore, it is necessary to have certain characteristics in terms of position, role, function, authority, organizational structure, and operating methods, which are not completely similar to the local government organization model at the same level of the whole country. country, according to the general provisions of current Vietnamese law.

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL COMPARISON ON NEGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND IMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOR OF CUSTOMERS IN VIETNAM

Purpose: This study consolidates core theories pertaining to social comparison, particularly upward comparison, impulsive buying behavior and notions associated with social characteristics such as envy, self-esteem, negative mood, depression and self-efficacy. At the same time, provide hypotheses and study models connected to the impact of social comparison on negative psychology and impulsive purchase behavior of customers in Vietnam. Method: Furthermore, this subject employed qualitative research methods such as group discussions and in-depth interviews with experts to reach a consensus on the definition of components, as well as to refine and enhance the measuring scales used to assess these factors. Subsequently, establish a foundation for carrying out initial quantitative investigation in order to finalize the official questionnaire, and subsequently proceed with the official quantitative study. A representative survey was conducted with a sample size of 647 customers who utilize social networks and engage in online shopping on e-commerce platforms. The study was conducted in major cities in Vietnam, including Ho Chi Minh, Hanoi, Da Nang, Hue, Can Tho and Bien Hoa. Result: Experimental research results have indicated that upward social comparison has a negative influence on self-esteem but a favorable impact on envy and negative mood. Simultaneously, increased self-esteem decreases depression and impulsive buying tendencies, whereas feelings of envy and negative mood have a beneficial effect. Conclusion: Additionally, the research findings demonstrate the influence of self-efficacy as a moderator and dedepression as a mediator. These findings provide a foundation for the researcher to suggest managerial recommendations for organizations to enhance client purchasing behavior.

Risk Factors for Severe Seafood Allergy Among Adults in an Urban City in Vietnam.

Increasing seafood consumption is associated with more frequent reports of food allergy. Little is known about seafood allergy (SFA) among adults in Vietnam. We investigated the characteristics of individuals with SFA and the risk factors for severe SFA. A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted among individuals aged ≥ 18 years from universities in Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) between December 2021 and July 2022. The survey was based on a structured, validated questionnaire related to FA. Strict definitions of "convincing allergy" were used. Multivariate analysis was used to estimate the risk factors for severe SFA after adjusting for covariates. Data were analyzed using JASP (v.0.16.3) and SPSS (v.22.0). Totally, 1038 out of 2137 (48.57%) individuals completed the questionnaire, of whom 285 (27.46%) had reported SFA. Convincing SFA accounted for 20.13% (209/1038) of the cases, with convincing shellfish allergy being more common than fish allergy. Participants with comorbid shellfish and fish allergy had higher prevalence of atopic dermatitis, peanut/nut allergy, other food allergy, and cutaneous and upper airway symptoms compared to participants with shellfish allergy (p < 0.05). The spectrum of reactive seafood was diverse and characterized by local species. The age of symptom onset was most commonly during late childhood and adolescence, with most reactions persisting into adulthood. A history of anaphylaxis, comorbid peanut, and tree nut allergy, and ≥3 allergens were associated with severe SFA. Features of causative, coexisting seafood allergy, and risk factors for severe SFA were demonstrated, which can provide a reference for future studies.

Structuring food and wine pairing experiences in an emerging economy – Implications for food and wine pursuits, recreation, and tourism

ABSTRACT By embracing the underpinnings of the structured experience and the experience economy literature, this study explores wine and food consumers in an emerging economy, where change and evolution are distinctive features. Despite a growing literature emphasising the value of food and wine pairings, this leisure activity continues to receive scant academic attention, including in emerging economies where still wine consumption is not an established phenomenon. A questionnaire administered online and targeted to wine and food consumers in various cities in Vietnam elicited 442 valid responses. An exploratory factor analysis revealed the importance of the ‘encompassing’, ‘engaging’, ‘intrinsically rewarding’, and ‘status-oriented’ dimensions. Strong relationships emerged between these dimensions, the structured experience and the experience economy literature. In addition, numerous inter-group differences were confirmed, including the finding that higher levels of income do not determine how consumers perceive their wine and food experiences. The dimensions and associated relationships helped develop a framework that guides the conceptual and practitioner understanding of structured consumer experiences. For instance, the engaging dimension highlights customers’ desire to gain knowledge associated with their experiences, while the intrinsically rewarding dimension points to aspects, including new products, that can address customers’ needs.

Secondhand Smoke and Socio-Demographic Associated Factors: Results From the Vietnam Population-Based Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 2022.

Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) has detrimental effects on community health, including coronary heart diseases, stroke, lung cancer etc. This manuscript exploited data from the Vietnam Population-based Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey (PGATS) in 2022 to update the prevalence of adult exposure to SHS and associated socio-demographic factors. Methods: With the sample size of 71,981 adults aged 15+ throughout 30 provinces and cities in Vietnam, data was collected using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) questionnaire. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression modelling were performed. Results: In the past 30 days, 44.4% (95% CI: 44.0%-44.9%) adults aged 15+ exposed to SHS at home while 23.1% (95% CI: 22.6%-23.6%) exposed to SHS at work. Female exposure to SHS in the past 30 days was higher at homes but lower at indoor workplaces. Participants aged 15-24 were likely to have higher odds of SHS exposure in the past 30 days to other age groups. Those living in the urban areas had 1.15 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.08-1.22) of exposure to SHS than those in the rural areas. Current smokers tended to have 2.2 times higher odds of exposure to SHS at the indoor workplaces compared to non-smokers (95% CI: 2.05-2.37). Conclusions: The prevalence of exposure to SHS at home was still relatively high amongst the adult population. While there was a significant reduction of SHS exposure at indoor workplaces, there was a higher prevalence of women being exposed to SHS at home. The Government of Vietnam should continue to strictly implement the smoke-free environment resolution at indoor workplaces and appropriate communication campaigns to protect people, especially women from SHS exposure at homes.

Classifying Different Levels of Customer Satisfaction With Vietnamese Hotel Services by Analyzing Customer Feedback

The development of online booking systems has created information platforms for sharing customers when choosing a destination. Mining this information helps to understand the customer's experience and measure customer satisfaction with hotel services. Recent studies used this approach with machine learning or language models to mine the data generated by customers on the internet. However, this approach still has some limits when wanting to understand more customer insight. This article uses linguistics rules to measure customer satisfaction by combining aspects and polarity words. In the first step, the dataset with 21,196 reviews on seven main cities in Vietnam was collected from TripAdvisor. Next, the study developed a series of formulas to measure customer satisfaction with Vietnamese hotel service aspects based on inferential statistics and linguistic rules. Python's VADER library was used to measure overall customer satisfaction for Vietnamese hotels. In the final step, by language analysis, the authors calculate and grade the satisfaction score with hotel aspects from 1 to 5. Moreover, the study discovered the negative aspects of positive reviews, while previous studies were rarely mentioned.

Characterization of Microbial Communities and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Urban Wastewater in Three Cities in Vietnam

Characterization of Microbial Communities and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Urban Wastewater in Three Cities in Vietnam

Економічні можливості «розумних міст» у контексті формування нового світового економічного порядку

The aim of the article is to study the practice of creating new «smart cities», identify their economic activity and substantiate their role in the global space, which is undergoing significant changes in the context of the formation of a new world order. The study argues that new centers of economic power are emerging in the global space – these are «smart cities» that are able to solve complex problems of a socioeconomic nature and implement the principles of sustainable development, have significant financial and technological resources. Urbanization is singled out as a dominant trend of modern global processes, which increases attention to «smart cities», because the share of the population living in cities is increasing – from 52.6% in 2012 to 56.9% in 2022. The article analyzes the development of the market of «smart cities», evaluates the forecast indicators, discloses the main economic opportunities of the new «smart cities». The project of creating a «smart city» of the future in Saudi Arabia, called Neom, has been detailed. The main investment sectors in this project are identified, which will contribute to economic growth and diversification of the city's life support. It is substantiated that this project is designed for public and private investment and will implement the highest standards of sustainable development. The factors, advantages, economic opportunities and future economic benefits of the project for both companies and future residents are identified and systematized. The scheme of the «smart city» of NAC in Egypt is analyzed. The specifics of the eco-«smart city» of the district level Thu Thiem Lotte Eco Smart City in Vietnam and the Woven City project are determined, other projects of new «smart cities» that will promote equal opportunities for all residents and form community values are analyzed. The advantages of «smart cities», which will ultimately improve the quality of life of the population, reduce costs and increase the efficiency of the city as a whole, are identified. In the future, the results of the activities of new «smart cities» will depend on their ability to quickly respond to global challenges, technological changes and investment difficulties, competition from other, already institutionally formed, subjects of international economic relations.

Whole genome sequencing analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Hung Yen province in 2021

Infectious bronchitis is an acute disease in chickens caused by the Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV). The disease causes serious economic losses in many countries in the world that have chicken farming industries. Even though vaccines have been used, the disease is still very complicated in many provinces and cities in Vietnam. The reason is that the virus strains causing the disease in the field have many changes compared to the vaccine virus strains. Research showed that there are numerous strains and genotypes of IBV in Vietnam. However, only the S1 gene has been studied, and no research has been done on the full genome. In this study, the IBV strain causing disease in 2021 in Hung Yen Province (North Vietnam) was sequenced and analyzed for molecular characteristics. The analysis results showed that strain IBHYM belongs to genotype QX-like (GI-19) and has a close relationship with Chinese IBV strains. The IBHYM strain has higher nucleotide and amino acid similarities with strains of genotype QX-like (87.5% to 95% for nucleotide and 80.2% to 91.3% for amino acid) and the lowest similarity to strains of genotype TC07-like (70.4% to 70.5% for nucleotide and 53.8% to 56.2% for amino acid). The field pathogenic virus strains also have low nucleotide and amino acid similarity with the Massachusetts vaccine strain currently in use (86% for nucleotide and 77.1% for amino acid). Research results show the importance of molecular epidemiological surveillance and the selection of appropriate vaccine strains in Vietnam. This is the first report of sequencing the whole IBV genome in Vietnam.

Influence of transmission channels of financial policies on Vietnam's private economic development

So far, studies have mainly looked at individual channels or groups of transmission channels of financial policy to the private sector. This study aims to analyze the impact of transmission channels of financial policy on private economic development. In addition, the study also focuses on macro-regulatory factors affecting private economic development. Research uses the balance panel data with 411 observations, collected from 2015-2021 of 63 provinces and cities of Vietnam. POOL, FEM, REM, and FGLS regression methods are used to validate the research model. Research results show that public expenditure, tax, real interest rate, and credit have an impact on Vietnam's private economic development measured through the contribution of the private sector to the national GDP. Therefore, perfecting the transmission channels of financial policies is necessary to contribute to promoting private economic development.