Years In City Research Articles

Evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk patterns in Shangluo City in the Qinling Mountains, China

Landscape ecological risk assessment (LERA) is the basis of regional landscape pattern optimization, and a tool that can help achieve a win-win situation between regional development and ecological protection. The landscape ecological risk (LER) of the southern end of the Qinling Mountains, China exhibited an increasing trend after the year 2000, but the degree of increase and the spatial and temporal dynamics were not clear, limiting the formulation and implementation of landscape optimization measures in the area. Here, we constructed a landscape pattern risk index ERI by combining data on landscape disturbance and landscape vulnerability from land use information for Shangluo City for years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020; then, we calculated a LER level and its spatial and temporal dynamics for Shangluo City for years 2000 to 2020. Moran’s I and LISA indices were used to characterize the spatial correlation of ERI in Shangluo City. We found that Shangluo had a large proportion of medium-risk areas, and its LER shifted from medium-high, high in year 2000 to medium risk, medium-low and low risk in year 2020, and LER of Shangluo was clustered in space but the degree of clustering decreased in the past 20 years. We conclude that the development strategy of Shangluo should depend on providing a sustainably-developed environment.

Assessing personal protective equipment usage and its correlation with knowledge, attitudes, performance, and safety culture among workers in small and medium-sized enterprises

BackgroundThe use of personal protective equipment (PPE) should be a culture of a workplace, and deeply rooted in worker behavior and attitude during their practice. According to the recent studies only 64% of the workers use PPE properly. The present study aims to investigate the utilization of PPE among workers in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and its relationship with knowledge, attitude, performance, and safety culture among workers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire tool across SMEs in Kashan city in year 2023. The used tool included three questionnaires: demographic, safety culture, and knowledge, attitude and performance. Study papulation was 529 SMEs. Totally, the sample size was 369 persons and questionnaires were distributed among the workers of SMEs. Finally, SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and structural equation modeling. Various statistical tests including T-Test, ANOVA, RMSEA, CFI, TLI, and the chi-square ratio were employed.ResultsThe mean values (standard deviation) of age and work experience were 35.19 (12.33), and 15.60 (1.69) years, respectively. Among the 369 participants, 267 participants (72.4%) indicated that they use some PPE, although not all types. However, 102 individuals (27.7%) do not employ any PPE. The lowest score for safety culture dimension was attributed to safety training at 1.58. The results of the final model indicate that the assumed relationships between variables, as outlined in the study objectives, were well established, with all connections proving statistically significant.ConclusionIt can be concluded that the missing of inadequate legal supervision for small industries exists. Therefore, it can be inferred that if supervision and regulation are enhanced for safety training and implementation that may lead to increased usage of PPE.

How does business environment affect firm digital transformation: A fsQCA study based on Chinese manufacturing firms

Digital transformation can improve firms' competitive advantages and contribute to regional economic development. The question of how to enhance the business environment to facilitate and encourage firm digital transformation emerges as a crucial area of inquiry. To explore the relationship between city-level business environment and firm digital transformation, we conducted configuration analysis based on a sample of 3088 manufacturing firms across 240 Chinese cities in year 2022. Based on results, we identified three distinct business environments, consisting of both detrimental and favorable factors, that can promote firm digital transformation. Thereinto, limited public resources, a shortage of human resources, and an underdeveloped market environment work that prompt firms' motivation of digital transformation, since the negative consequences stemming from those limitations can be mitigated by digital transformation. Meanwhile, a conducive innovation environment, significant financial development, a favorable legal environment, and a supportive political environment serve as advantageous factors that amplify firms' willingness to embrace digital transformation, since they mitigate costs and risks associated with digital transformation. Our study expands the theoretical boundaries of digital transformation, and provides valuable insights for government to optimize business environments to support firms’ digital transformation.

Heat-related mortality in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, from 2000 to 2023.

The major heatwave in Europe in August 2003 resulted in 70,000 excess deaths. In Frankfurt am Main, a city with 767,000 inhabitants in the south-west of Germany, around 200 more people died in August 2003 than expected. Soon afterwards, the city introduced adaptation measures to prevent heat-related health problems and subsequently established further mitigation measures to limit climate change. Frankfurt is rated as being one of the cities in Germany to have implemented the best climate adaptation and mitigation measures. This study addressed the following questions: is there already a downward trend in mortality from heat and can this be attributed to the measures taken? The age-standardized mortality rate (ASR) was calculated for the months of June to August and for calendar weeks 23 to 34 of the individual years on the basis of population data and deaths of the inhabitants of Frankfurt am Main for the years 2000 to 2023. This was related to the meteorological data from the Frankfurt measuring station of the German National Meteorological Service. For four different heat exposure indicators (heat days, days in heat weeks, days in heatwaves and days with heat warnings), the incidence rate (death cases per 1 million person days) (IR) was calculated for days with and without exposure, and the incidence rate difference and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) were estimated to compare days with vs days without exposure. Over the years, the mean daily temperatures tended to increase, and the standardized mortality rate decreased. An increase in ASR was observed during heatwaves up to 2015, but no longer in the later ones. In the summer of 2003, the incidence rate was 16.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 12.2-19.9) per 1 million person days greater on heat days than on days not classified as heat days, and the corresponding incidence rate ratio was 1.64 (95% CI 1.48-1.82). Although the weather data for the summers of 2018 and 2022 were comparable with the record-breaking heat summer of 2003, the incidence rate differences (2018: 3.8, 95% CI 0.9-6.7; 2022: 2.3, 95% CI -0.3-4.9) and the IRR (2018: 1.20, 95% CI 1.05-1.37; 2022: 1.12, 95% CI 0.99-1.26) were considerably lower. Similar results were also obtained when comparing mortality in heat weeks and heatwaves as well as on days with heat warnings. In summary, our study in Frankfurt am Main not only showed a decrease in heat-related mortality in the population as a whole over the years, but also a decrease in excess mortality during various heat periods (day, week, wave, warning), especially in comparison with the years with very high heat stress and drought (2003, 2018 and 2022). However, whether this development represents success of the intensive prevention measures that have been implemented in the city for years or merely describes a general trend cannot be answered with certainty by the present study. To answer this question, a comparative study should be carried out in various municipalities in the Rhine-Main region with different levels of intensity in dealing with the heat problem.

Epidemiological Proileof Children with Malnutrition at Child Malnutrition Treatment Center (CMTC)in Saurashtra Region

Introduction: Adequate Nutrition is important for optimum growth, immunity, neurological and cognitive development of the child. Malnutrition leads to illness and mortality among under 5 children. Nearly 40% under 5 children are malnourished in Gujarat despite many nutritional programmes. Objectives: To assess the epidemiological factors of malnourished children at Child Malnutrition Treatment Centre (CMTC) and to ind outthe association between epidemiological factors and nutritional status of study participants. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on Children admitted at CMTC at Narayan Nagar Urban Health Center, the only one and newly established CMTC in Rajkot city in year 2015. Study duration was 14 months. Interview of mothers of 120 children was conducted to know epidemiological factors of malnourished children. Weight on admission was noted from register. Pre-formed, semi-structured proforma used. Results: Out of 120 children, 5.8%, 55.8%, 34.2% and 4.2% were from <1, 1-3, 3-5 and >5 year age groups respectively. Nearly 40% children belonged to Socioeconomic Class IV. The proportion of Low Birth Weight children was 40%. Current feeding practice was appropriate in 10.8% children according to IMNCI guideline. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection occurred in 76.7% children with average 4.5 episodes. High birth order of children is statistically signi icant with severity of malnutrition. Birth weight and feeding practices of children were not associated with grade of malnutrition. Conclusion: Need based education of mothers for preventing low birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, quantity and type of routine diet etc. should be given.

Attitude and Factors Affecting Intention of Childbearing in COVID 19 Pandemic in Married Women of Reproductive Age Referred to Comprehensive Health Centers in Yazd City in Year 2022

Introduction: One of the serious challenges that societies all over the world are facing is the tendency of couples to have fewer children and to delay it. It is possible thatcovid-19 pandemic, in addition to the previous reasons, attitudes and factors affecting childbearing, may make couples physically and psychologically hesitant to accept the role of parents. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the attitude and intention to childbearing age during Covid-19 pandemic in married women of reproductive age in Yazd City in year 2022.
 Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022 on 225 married women aged 15-40 covered by comprehensive health centers in Yazd-Iran.
 The data were collected by completing the demographic information questionnaire, the Persian Version of Attitudes toward Fertility and Childbearing Scale that was approved in 2014 by Baezt et al.; obtaining a higher score indicated a more favorable attitude By answering to the open-ended questions, by self-reporting and electronically, the information related to the factors affecting the intention to have children was collected. The data were analyzed with SPSS16 software.
 Results: The results showed that the attitude towards having children in the research community was not favorable (66.96 ± 10.55). Economic problems (n=184, 81.1%), Covid 19 pandemic (n=129, 56.4%) and the importance to comfort and convenience of parents (n=70, 30.8%) was considered as one of the most important factors affecting couples intention to childbearing.
 Conclusion: Although the spread of communicable diseases and epidemics can affect the desire of couples to childbearing, but the economic problems and the economic consequences of the pandemic, had undeniable and greater effects on the desire of families childbearing.

Evaluation of the Knowledge of Dental Students about Radiographic Changes of Maxillary Sinus in Panoramic Radiographs

Introduction: Given the high prevalence of maxillary sinus lesions, the significance of their early diagnosis, and the role of radiography in the diagnosis, the purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of senior dental students in Yazd City, Iran in 2021 regarding radiographic changes of the maxillary sinus in panoramic radiographs.
 Methods: In this analytic study, 53 senior dentistry students in Yazd City in year 2021were selected in the form of a census and their knowledge were assessed using a questionnaire containing 20 knowledge questions. Data were analyzed through SPSS ver.17 software and using t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square and fisher-exact.
 Results: In this analytic study, 53 senior dentistry students with an average age of 25.6 ± 2.3 participated in this study. Their average knowledge score was 7.13 ± 2.12 out of 20. There was no significant difference in the average score of knowledge according to age, sex, type of entry and GPA of students (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: According to this fact that senior dentistry students in Yazd City have insufficient knowledge about radiographic changes of maxillary sinus; It seems necessary to revise the educational methods according to the educational curriculum.

A Study On Stability Of Conditional Variances For GARCH Models With Application

In this paper we study the stability conditions of GARCH models and we find these conditions by using a local linearization technique. In addition we study the stability of conditional variances predictions where these predictions converge to an unconditional variance of the model after finite number of prediction steps. We apply this study to a time series represent the monthly mean temperature in Mosul city for years 1978-2011 and we find that ARCH (1) model is the fit model for prediction.

Cointegration between housing prices: evidence from one hundred Chinese cities

ABSTRACT This study investigates cointegration between monthly housing prices from one hundred Chinese cities for years 2010–2019, utilising both time-invariant and time-varying approaches. Their wavelet transformations are further explored for cointegration at the scale of greater than five years. Also studied is quantitative importance of housing price information of one city to another. Empirical results show different price relationships across different pairs of cities. While cointegrating patterns are heterogeneous across tested pairs, we present many relatively stable cointegrating relationships, which tend to be aggregated results of price relationships of different scales. Housing price information of certain cities could be reflected in that of other cities at a relatively large magnitude. The results here should be of use to investors and policymakers in the housing market.

Inclusive roads in NYC: Gender differences in responses to cycling infrastructure

This paper tests whether and to what extent the implementation of bike infrastructure increases the propensity to cycle overall and by gender. We develop statistical models to test for gender-differentiated responses to the implementation of different types of bike lanes. We use large-scale Citibike data which records customer behaviours for New York city for years going from 2013 to 2019. Results indicate that an increase in bike infrastructure has a significant impact on the number of cyclists as well as on the gender composition of those who cycle. More precisely, we find that dedicated cycling infrastructure increases women's participation in cycling by 4% to 6%. This corroborates the hypothesis that both men and women are more likely to bike when it is safer, and even more so for women. This is in line with previous literature findings showing the presence of a gender gap in the perception of safety in transport. Results are stable across specifications and robust to the inclusion of city-level and time controls.

The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on sleep quality and quality of life of patients with cardiovascular problems

Introduction: People with cardiovascular problems have poor sleep quality and quality of life. These problems exacerbate the process of their disease. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on improving quality of life and sleep quality of cardiovascular patients. Method: This research has been executed in context of a clinical trial plan with pre-test, post-test and two-month and six-month follow up period. Among the patients with cardiovascular disease of Kermanshah city who had referred in hospitals of this city in year 2020-2021, 40 people were purposefully selected and were randomly assigned to experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. Tools of this research included: Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and The Short form health survey (SF-36). The experimental group received eight sessions of 90-minute acceptance and commitment therapy. SPSS-24 software and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of this research indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy leads to a significant improvement in sleep quality and quality of life in the experimental group (P<0.01). The effect size for quality of life and quality of sleep were 0.63 and 0.62, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy leads to improved quality of life and quality of sleep in patients with cardiovascular problems. Based on these findings, this treatment can be used to improve sleep quality and quality of life problems that play an exacerbating role in the process of disease in patients with cardiovascular problems.

Respiratory virus monitoring in patients with community-acquired pneumonia during COVID-19 pandemic in Khabarovsk in 2020

Introduction. Emergence and spread of new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 among population of the Khabarovsk krai influenced the growth of reported cases of community-acquired pneumonia in year 2020. Aim. To determine proportion of other respiratory viruses in development of viral pneumonia epidemic process in the Khabarovsk city in year 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. Sputum of 346 patients with community-acquired pneumonia that were hospitalized with suspected diagnosis of COVID-19 was analyzed during year 2020 in Khabarovsk city. Identification of viral agents was performed via real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results. SARSCOV-2 RNA was identified in 183 (52.9%) out of 346 patients. Among other respiratory viruses parainfluenza virus type 3 and rhinoviruses were dominant mostly in SARS-CoV-2 negative examined people. It should be noted that etiology of pneumonia was identified only in 12.9% of all cases in this group (163 people). Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses such as parainfluenza virus type 3 virus, other coronaviruses and adenovirus was detected only in 2.2% of the cases. Conclusion. Low level of respiratory viruses detection in sputum can be caused by poor technique of sample collection in the hospital, disruption of storage and transportation conditions as well as development of secondary bacterial infection in certain patients. In order to evaluate influence of other respiratory viruses on the course of COVID-19 with underlying coinfection further investigation including analysis of patients’ clinical data is needed.

Performance of Elliptical Solar Cooker Suitable for Baghdad Environment

In this research, a solar cooker was manufacture from the scrap of an elliptical satellite dish, the dish was covered with reflective layer of aluminum that reflects up to up to 85% of solar radiation. This solar cooker has the ability to move horizontally in 360 degrees and vertically in 90 degrees, which makes it easier to follow the movement of the sun. Experimental investigation was carried out on this solar cooker in January, March, June, September between the hours of 9:00 AM. to 3:00 PM local time in Baghdad city in year 2020, by heating 1 L of water at every experiment, the results showed the best month for testing is June, due to the increase in the intensity of solar radiation and the reduced influence of weather factors, wind speed and cloud cover. this changing environmental conditions led to an instability in energy efficiency. The results also showed that the thermal efficiency is correlated inversely with solar radiation. This means that whenever the quantity of solar radiation was high we needed less energy to raise the temperature of the water, because the thermal efficiency is the ratio of the sensible energy required to heat the mass of water in the pot when the solar energy falls on the dish at the same time, and is correlated inversely with temperature and wind speed.

Severity of personality disorder symptom in parents of children with autistic disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and normal control

Introduction: Parents problems can not only lead to the occurrence or aggravation of their childrens disorders, but also affect their childrens psychological problems. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare personality disorder symptom in parents of children with autism disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal control. Method: This is a cross-sectional study. The population of this study included all parents of children with autism and ADHD from Tabriz City in year 2020. 130 parents of children with autism, 170 parents of children with ADHD were selected available sampling method and were mached with 273 parents of normal control. All the clinical assessment of autism, ADHD and comorbidities were conducted by child and adolescent psychiatrists. The severity of personality disorder symptom were assessed by Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III). Kruskal-Wallis test using SPSS version 26 software was used for data analysis. Results: According to results of Kruskal-Wallis test, the mean ranking of personality disorders in the three groups respectively were parents of children with autism> parents of children with ADHD> control parents were (p<0.01). Conclusion: Parents of children with autism suffer from higher vulnerability than symptoms of personality disorders compared to parents of children with ADHD. Additional studies are needed to make clinical interventions in parents appropriate to childrens mental disorders.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Balita Di Kelurahan Pangkalan Jati Kecamatan Cinere Kota Depok Tahun 2020

Background: Toddler nutritional status is an important thing that must be known by every parent. Special attention needed for the growth and development of the toddler due to the fact that malnutrition during this golden period is irreversible, malnutrition in this period can also affect children's brain development in the future. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine what factors that related to the toddler nutritional status in Posyandu Kelurahan Pangkalan Jati Kecamatan Cinere, Depok city in year 2020. Research Metodes: The design of this study is cross sectional with a sample size 158 respondents who fit the inclusion criteria using a propotional stratified random sampling technique. Results: The result of this study, chi square showed the factors that related to the toddler nutritional status are gender variables (p value = 0.005), exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.003), infectious diseases (p value = 0,000), mother's occupational status ( p value = 0.004), mother's education level (p value = 0,000), family income (p value = 0,000), and number of family members (p value = 0.001). The logistic regression test results showed that the factor mostly affected toddler nutritional status in Posyandu Kelurahan Pangkalan Kecamatan Cinere, Depok City is family income (odds ratio 38.844; 95% CI 9.977-151.230). Conclusion: The factor mostly affected toddler nutritional status in Posyandu Kelurahan Pangkalan Kecamatan Cinere, Depok City is family income

Safe Bicycle Lane Design Principles: Responding to Cycling Needs in Cities during COVID and Beyond

Cycling has become a popular, resilient and reliable travel option during the pandemic in cities around the globe. The implementation of emergent, or pop-up, bike lanes has received an overwhelming response since early 2020 and has also created a growing desire for safe and efficient bicycle infrastructure. Between March and July 2020, 394 cities, states and countries reported interventions that reallocated street space for people to cycle and walk more easily, directly and safely. This shift to cycling comes at a perfect time when cities have been making efforts to meet greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets. Pop-up bike lanes are typically implemented with temporary materials to segregate a traffic lane for the use of cyclists only. Despite this initial temporary condition, any new cycling infrastructure must be designed and implemented thoughtfully and to the highest standards to reduce or eliminate risks that cyclists face during trips, especially novice cyclists who might be biking in the city for the first time. When a crash occurs between a vehicle and a bicycle, it’s the cyclist who is most likely to be injured. According to the WHO, every year 41,000 cyclists die in road traffic-related incidents worldwide, representing 3% of global road traffic deaths. Temporary and quickly designed bike lanes should not compromise on safety. Bike lanes that are deployed now may have a significant impact on travel patterns and safety in cities for years to come, especially as the broad range of temporary materials available can be rapidly installed yet offer a semipermanent solution. For this reason, it is important to get the design and planning right. And right means safe. This guidance equips government agencies, designers, and civil society organizations that are participating in the health crisis response with an understanding of how to protect cyclists through safe and appropriate design. Cities are investing considerable effort and resources to implement safe cycling lanes under very challenging conditions, and this energy should not be wasted. The guidance provided here is based on the broad experience of the global team of authors, led by the WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities in collaboration with the Dutch Cycling Embassy, the League of American Bicyclists, Urban Cycle Planning (Denmark), and Asplan Viak (Norway).

Effects of Urban Transformation on Transportation Infrastructure: Goztepe Transformation Area Example

Cities are the settlements they form as living spaces of societies and they are not just structures; the same people are born, breathe, grow and thrive. While the cities are growing, their structures are unable to carry the density of the population due to deterioration in time. Urban transformation projects have emerged as a response to this need. However, it is seen that there are some problems and deficiencies when the issue of existing land use and transportation network factors for renewal of the problematic places of the cities is examined in parallel with the changes. If these problems are not prevented, it will not be possible to leave quality, reliable and sustainable cities for years to come. Non-sustainable transportation and land-use decisions in fast-growing urban areas are not effective in solving transportation problems. Point solutions against transportation problems are not permanent in the long term and cause problems after a short period of time. Therefore, the effect of the transformations on the transportation and land use factors are evaluated together. In this study, it is emphasized that the land use and transportation factor should be handled based on Göztepe District of Ba?c?lar district which is in the process of transformation under the law no 6306.

Toxic Metallic Trace Elements in Post-Delivery Mothers and their Newborns Residing near and far from Mining Operating Plants in Lubumbashi

Background: Worldwide, modern life is characterized by excess of toxicTE due to pollution (domestic and industrial waste) and reduced intake of essential TE, consequence of imbalanced diet. In the context of cases of environmental pollution by TE documented in the city for years, the purpose of this study was to determine blood concentrations of essential TE and correlation coefficients in post-delivery mothers and their newborns living 3km from the mining processing plants in the city of Lubumbashi, Congo. Method: Two prospective cohorts were formed based on distance between the home of the pregnant women and mineral processing plants ( 3km). Four TE (Cr, Cu, Se and Zn) were tested at the laboratory of the Congolese Control Office of Lubumbashi by ICP-OES in total blood samples of 378 post-delivery mothers and 378 newborns, voluntarily and consecutively recruited. Results: The difference in TE geometric means concentrations between the two cohorts (study population living 3km from the mining processing plants) was not significant (p>0.05).Our study showed excessive geometric means of Cr estimated at 4.86 µg/L in the post-delivery mothers and 5.03 µg/L in the newborns (RV: < 1 µg/L ), lower geometric means estimated at 218 µg/L in the post-delivery mothers for Cu ( RV:700-1500 µg/L) ;47.32 µg/L in the post-delivery mothers and 46.61µg/L in the newborns for Se (RV: < 142 µg/L ) ;419 µg/L in the post-delivery mothers and 384 µg/L in the newborns for Zn (RV: < 7270 µg/L ) but within normal range :215 µg/L in the newborns for Cu (RV: 90-460 µg/L).This was confirmed by their respective bioaccumulation factors. The correlation coefficient between TE concentration of the post-delivery mothers and their newborns was positive but statistically significant for Cu, Se and Zn (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study has noticed low geometric means of the concentrations of Cu, Se and Zn in total blood of post-delivery mothers and their newborns living 3 km from the mining operating plants with no statistical difference between the two cohorts along with bioaccumulation factor <1. We also found excessive geometric mean for Cr. These findings hence the importance of an early diagnosis and intervention of marginal TE status. Analysis of determinants of the essential TE bioaccumulation and their impact on maternal and neonatal morbidity should be purpose of future studies.

Essential Metallic Trace Elements in Post-Delivery Mothers and their Newborns Residing Near and Far from Mining Operating Plants in Lubumbashi

Background: Worldwide, modern life is characterized by excess of toxicTE due to pollution (domestic and industrial waste) and reduced intake of essential TE, consequence of imbalanced diet. In the context of cases of environmental pollution by TE documented in the city for years, the purpose of this study was to determine blood concentrations of essential TE and correlation coefficients in post-delivery mothers and their newborns living < of 3km and >3km from the mining processing plants in the city of Lubumbashi, Congo.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MONTHLY WATER CONSUMPTION AND LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE (LST) DERIVED USING LANDSAT 8 AND MODIS DATA

Abstract. Land Surface Temperature (LST) is one of the important factors in monitoring urban climate. Observing the variations of LST can provide a better understanding of the Urban Heat Islands (UHI) phenomenon. The aim of this research is to assess the relationship between the spatial and temporal distribution of LST and water consumption in Zamboanga City for years 2016 and 2017. Data from the city’s water district were used to compute for the per capita water consumption (PCWC) of 49 barangays. Landsat 8 LST data with 30m spatial resolution were computed using inverse Plank function and other parameters such as vegetation proportion and surface emissivity to assess LST spatially while MODIS Terra data with 1km spatial resolution were used to assess LST temporally. Result showed that Landsat LST and PCWC have moderate correlations with p &lt; 0.01: 0.59 and 0.55 for March and April 2016, respectively; 0.49 and 0.56 for March and April 2017, respectively. These indicated that warmer barangays consumed more water. The temporal correlation of the MODIS LST and the computed PCWC equated a −0.71, p &lt; 0.01, correlation. This negative correlation indicated that when LST increases, PCWC decreases, which do not directly indicate that the city consumed less water but rather that the supply was less during warmer months. It was evident as water rationing was experienced during the first quarter of 2016 and intensified on April where the highest LST was recorded. Finally, LST was found of good use in assessing the relationship of temperature and water consumption.