Economic Development Of Cities Research Articles

Земли объектов культурного наследия города Казани: проблемы геоинформационного учета и сохранности

Objects of cultural and historical heritage represent an important component of the educational, social and economic development of cities. In modern conditions, it is necessary to take care of existing cultural heritage sites in order to preserve the identity of the urban environment and the possibility of its cultural and economic development. The purpose of the work is to study existing problems in the field of geoinformation recording and preservation of cultural heritage sites in the city of Kazan, as well as to propose ways to solve them for the preservation of historical heritage. The authors created 2 registers: cultural heritage objects registered in the cadastral register and lost objects; maps of the location of lost cultural heritage sites, as well as the modern use of vacated land plots, were made. In the city of Kazan (European Russia), according to open data from the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, there are 601 cultural heritage sites (CHSs). To date, 23 CHSs are considered lost as a result of anthropogenic and natural causes. A spatial analysis of lost CHSs in the city of Kazan showed that most of them were located in the historical part of the city, which is attractive to developers. Analysis of geographic information systems (public cadastral map) showed that land plots cleared of CHSs are actively involved in the urban planning activities (in 70 % of cases, the territory is allocated for the construction of various real estate objects). The authors revealed that not all cultural heritage sites are subject to total cadastral registration and, accordingly, they are not represented in the existing geographic information system. The public cadastral map reflects only 26 % of the cultural heritage sites of Kazan, which in modern economic realities creates a certain threat to the existence of the overwhelming number of objects. Improving and expanding the content of the geographic information system, consisting in a total accounting of cultural heritage sites and adjacent territories (protection zones of cultural heritage sites) will ensure their safety and prevent destruction.

Researching the Jordanian city: toward an urban planning research agenda in Jordan

PurposeResearch and Development (R&D) plays a significant role in promoting social and economic development in cities. In urban planning practice, a lack of evidence-informed policies and misguided research efforts can undermine national and local development efforts. This research aims to outline the state of academic research in urban planning and propose a tentative urban planning research agenda in Jordan. Specifically, the study identifies emerging research areas within postgraduate urban planning research in Jordan, examines the extent to which current research activities align with national research priorities, and determines research areas of top priority for Jordanian cities.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a mixed-method approach using content analysis to analyze academic urban planning research in Jordan and the Delphi method targeting Jordanian urban planning experts to identify research areas that should be prioritized in Jordan within the next five years.FindingsThe findings indicate that while urban design and housing, neighborhoods, and community development were the dominant fields of study in postgraduate urban planning research, planning experts identified transportation and land use planning as research areas of top priority for the next five years. The results also suggest that national research priorities lack specificity and offer little guidance for researchers in complex and multifaceted scientific disciplines, such as urban planning.Originality/valueThis research lays the foundations for developing a comprehensive and feasible urban planning research agenda that is responsive to the diverse needs of communities and cities across Jordan. It offers three propositions to guide future knowledge production in urban planning: emphasizing research activity in priority areas, decentralizing research activities, and fostering inter/transdisciplinary research linkages. To the best of the author's knowledge, this study is the first to propose an urban planning research agenda in Jordan.

Economic Impact of the Drought in Spain: Measurement for the Adoption of Measures

This paper aims to evaluate the economic implications of meteorological drought in Spain. The study seeks to provide decision-makers with crucial insights into the macroeconomic effects of drought, enabling them to devise mitigation strategies and minimize its impact on economic activity. The Partial Hypothetical Extraction Method (HEM) is employed within the Input-Output analysis framework extended to a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of Spain to achieve this goal. The database utilized for this analysis is the FNAM for Spain in 2017, in millions of euros, obtained from the Full International and Global Accounts for Research in Input-Output Analysis (FIGARO) project, a collaboration between Eurostat and the European Commission. The study aims to estimate the economic impact of drought on the productive sectors of the Spanish economy in terms of sectoral production and GDP. This involves simulating the partial reduction in value-added resulting from variations in average water productivity per gross value added, based on the drought indicator SPI-24. Three scenarios are generated: (1) drought, (2) moderate drought and (3) severe drought. In quantitative terms, the simulated drought scenarios could lead to a drop in GDP of 0.88% for the drought scenario, 1.61% for the moderate drought scenario, and 1.76% for the severe drought scenario. Additionally, it is important to recognize that water scarcity hampers the social and economic development of cities and regions beyond the results in quantitative terms.

Elbasan City's Local Geodesic Network Construction Using Gnss Surveys

This abstract describes how the city of Elbasan's local geodetic support network is being built using GNSSmeasurements, which will have a favorable effect on the city's economic and social development. The acquiredinformation will be used as a fundamental point of reference for all geodetic projects, as well as for engineering, urban,and scientific designs, as well as geological and geographical studies. In order to determine the three-dimensionalposition of the points in the official KRGJSH frame—which is based on the ETRF2000 reference frame of reference tothe European continental coordinate system ETRS89—as well as the official frame KRGJSH (Albanian GeodeticReference Framework), in which all the coordinates—it will be necessary to build the local geodetic support networkand implement GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) measurements.

Bibliometric Analysis on Economic Development in Cities

Bibliometric Analysis on Economic Development in Cities

How can low-carbon help high-quality urban development?-Empirical evidence from low-carbon city pilot policies.

High-quality development is the paramount task for comprehensively building a socialist modernized country. The low-carbon city pilot policy, with cities as the unit of action, provides new opportunities for high-quality economic transformation. Based on panel data from 261 cities between 2005 and 2018, this study calculates the level of high-quality economic development in Chinese cities, constructs a multi-period difference-in-differences model, analyzes the impact of the low-carbon city pilot policy on high-quality economic development, and explores the policy's heterogeneous effects on high-quality development in different types of cities and its transmission mechanism. The research findings show that the low-carbon city pilot policy can significantly promote high-quality economic development in cities and has heterogeneous effects in terms of regional differences, city types, and city scale. The effects are relatively greater in the eastern region, non-resource-based cities, and mega-cities. The low-carbon city pilot policy promotes high-quality economic development through mechanisms such as technological progress effects, resource agglomeration effects, and government action improvement effects. Combining theoretical analysis with empirical results, this study proposes policy recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of the low-carbon city pilot policy in promoting high-quality development.

Beggar-thy-neighbor: Carbon leakage within China's pilot emissions trading schemes

The differences in the market liquidity of eight pilot emissions trading schemes (ETS) and the economic development of cities within the provincial-level ETS raise carbon leakage risks among the pilot cities. Utilizing panel data and DID models for 266 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2019, the empirical analysis reveals several key findings. Firstly, at the provincial level, the Tianjin pilot is found to have significantly increased CO2 emissions, potentially linked to carbon spillover from Beijing. Additionally, at the prefecture-level city level, certain cities in Guangdong Province and Fujian Province exhibit significant increases in CO2 emissions, indicating carbon transfer within the pilot ETSs. Secondly, all three spatial spillover effect tests demonstrate a notable carbon spillover effect between pilot cities. Lastly, the analysis of the moderating effect suggests that administrative intervention within the ETS and market mechanisms have limited impact on carbon spillover between pilot cities, while administrative intervention outside the ETS significantly enhances carbon leakage between pilot cities, primarily driven by carbon transfer resulting from state-owned enterprises' support for government emission reduction actions.

Spatiotemporal pattern evolution and influencing factors of population spatial distribution in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration, China

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;">Population, as a fundamental element in urban development, often reflects a city's economic development pattern through its spatial distribution and dynamic changes. Studying population spatial distribution is pivotal for bolstering the economic activity capacity in urban agglomerations and guiding regional economic health. Using the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration as a case study, this paper analyzes its overall spatial structure and the spatiotemporal evolution of population at the district and county levels. This analysis utilizes population density, population redistribution index, and population geographic concentration as key indices. Additionally, a spatial econometric model is constructed to assess the impact of economic, social, and environmental factors on population spatial patterns. Findings reveal several key points: (1) Furong District serves as the primary central area, boasting a population geographic concentration of 25.1% in 2021. Tianxin District, Kaifu District, Yuhua District, Shifeng District, Yuelu District, and Hetang District constitute the secondary central areas, while Yutang District, Tianyuan District, Lusong District, Yuhu District, Wangcheng District, and Changsha County form the tertiary level areas. (2) Population density within the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration gradually decreases from Furong District outward. The first central area and sub-central areas experience increasing population density, highlighting a polarization trend in the population distribution. (3) The overall Moran's index for the spatial distribution of population in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is significantly positive, indicating a strong spatial autocorrelation and a deepening spatial agglomeration of population distribution. (4) Per capita disposable income, financial expenditure, and education level positively influence the geographical concentration of population in the urban agglomeration, while GDP per capita, road area per capita, and environmental quality exert a negative impact. Notably, the most influential factors shaping population spatial distribution are GDP per capita, disposable income per capita, and air quality.</span></p>

How Semi-Urbanisation Drives Expansion of Rural Construction Land in China: A Rural-Urban Interaction Perspective

The expansion of rural construction land in China has led to ecological consequences under the context of rural depopulation, despite government land use controls. While previous studies have investigated the local factors contributing to the expansion of rural construction land, the semi-urbanisation of urban immigrants distant from rural areas has received less attention. To better understand the connections between the semi-urbanisation in the urban areas and the construction land expansion in rural areas, this study constructed a network/spatial lag of N/X (N/SLX) model that incorporated the network lagged term of the socio-economic traits of semi-urbanised migrants to analyse how urban semi-urbanisation influenced rural construction land. Our findings suggest that both the income of rural-urban migrants and the difficulty of obtaining urban household registration are positively correlated with the expanding extent of rural construction land. Conversely, the living expenses of migrants and city economic development are negatively correlated with that of rural construction land. Considering our findings, we propose that policies facilitating the settlement and integration of rural out-migrants into cities and proceeding urbanisation based on county towns are crucial to curb the inefficient expansion of rural construction land.

The impact of the digital economy on urban total factor productivity: mechanisms and spatial spillover effects

Digital economy is the indispensable pathway for driving industrial structural upgrading and fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in cities, ultimately facilitating China's economic transformation. Simultaneously, the enhancement of urban total factor productivity (TFP) serves as a crucial means to achieve high-quality economic development in cities. This study examines the specific impact of the digital economy on urban TFP using a panel data model with a sample of 285 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2019. Additionally, it employs a mediation effect model to test the mechanisms through which the digital economy influences urban TFP and utilizes a spatial Durbin model to analyze the spatial spillover effects of the digital economy on urban TFP. The research findings reveal the following key points: (1)The digital economy has an overall significantly positive impact on urban TFP. (2)The digital economy indirectly promotes urban TFP by encouraging the advancement of industrial structure and fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in cities. (3)The influence of the digital economy on urban TFP exhibits spatial spillover effects, where the digital economy in neighboring cities significantly enhances the TFP growth of local cities.The results of this study contribute to elucidating the mechanistic pathways through which the digital economy affects urban TFP, holding significant practical implications for achieving high-quality economic development in urban areas.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СТОЛИЧНЫХ ГОРОДОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: ВОПРОСЫ ОЦЕНКИ

The article examines the social and economic development of territorial entities. The authors focus on the metropolitan cities of Russia, i.e., the administrative centers of the entities of the Russian Federation. The article examines the existing economic and legal literature on the problems and prospects of the social and economic development of cities. The existing limitations in the application of certain assessment methods regarding the territorial aspect are outlined. The authors have developed a methodology for multi-criteria assessment of the social and economic development level (SED index) of cities based on the assessment of key components of the social and economic development of metropolitan cities in the Russian Federation. The methodology was tested based on municipal statistics data from 83 metropolitan cities in the Russian Federation. The study covered the period from 2019 to 2021. The findings were assessed by comparing cities ‒ objects of the study, grouped by population size. The analysis demonstrated differentiation in the level of development of metropolitan cities, with the highest dispersion of values observed in the group of big cities with populations ranging from 250 thousand to one million people. Furthermore, the study found the general downward trend in the dynamics of the level of social and economic development of metropolitan cities in the Russian Federation over the studied period. The proposed methodology can be used to conduct studies of the social and economic development of territorial entities, monitor the level of social and economic development of cities, and make effective management decisions to reduce the excessive distance between city development levels.

Study on Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Construction Land Expansion in Hohhot City Center, 1992-2022

Based on CLCD LULC data, this paper uses the ArcGIS 10.8 platform to analyze spatial data and discusses the expansion rate, expansion intensity, expansion direction, expansion type, and land use structure changes of construction land in Hohhot. The results show that the construction land area of Hohhot increased from 103.02 square kilometers in 1992 to 343.41 square kilometers in 2022, with an average annual expansion rate of 7.75 square kilometers and an expansion intensity index of 7.53. The city's expansion shows a staged character, with 2002 to 2012 as the period of rapid expansion. The direction of expansion is mainly concentrated in the northeast, southeast, east, and southwest directions, which is closely related to the city's economic development, natural conditions, and planning control. In terms of expansion types, infill expansion has dominated from 1992 to 2002, while marginal expansion has dominated from 2002 to 2012 and from 2012 to 2022. The land use structure has changed significantly, with a significant decrease in the area of arable land and grassland, a continuous increase in the area of construction land, and a slight increase in the area of forested land. During the 30 years, 242.51 square kilometers of land of various types have been converted into construction land, with arable land being the most converted, accounting for 71.51% of the total amount of converted land. The study concludes that urban land expansion in Hohhot is characterized by obvious spatial and temporal differences and phases, and strict land management methods need to be implemented to ensure the rationality and sustainability of land use. At the same time, arable land and the ecological environment damaged by urban expansion should be protected and restored through ecological compensation mechanisms.

Research on the Impact of Water Conservation Projects on the Economic, Leisure Environment and Ecological Development of Cities Under Extreme Climate Events

This study examined the effect of water conservation projects on the economic and ecological development of a city from the perspective of different stakeholders. We used Xiling Gorge as a case study and recruited people in Yichang as the study respondents. The study was conducted using a mixed research method. Samples were collected and analyzed through fieldwork, a questionnaire survey, and structured interviews using intentional sampling and snowball sampling. The study revealed that modern water conservation projects could improve convenience by stabilizing water sources, increasing the government’s willingness to invest, and improving public infrastructure and transportation facilities. The projects can also lead to developing special products, creating business opportunities, raising awareness, and attracting young people to return to their hometowns. However, industries and projects cannot be differentiated because of the lack of funds for urban development, lack of necessary considerations in decision-making, and lack of entrepreneurial skills among the public. Additionally, population aging could lead to a labor shortage, which may prevent tourism areas from improving the quality of services and meeting the needs of tourists. Consequently, the perceptions of residents and tourists on the current state of economic, social, environmental, and ecological development in the village diverge.

Analysis of Economic Indicators in Zhanjiang City during Epidemic Period Based on Remote Sensing Light Index

GDP (Gross Domestic Product) reflects the economic power and market scale of a city, offering an important reference for political decision-making and national development. The luminous remote sensing plays an important role in exploring the city economic development, analyzing and forecasting urban GDP. The luminous remote sensing is a new method to evaluate and display macro issues of economic and social development. This article analyzes the correlation between the lighting index and the economic index GDP, and constructs the best linear regression model of the economic index of Zhanjiang, considering the impact of the Covid-19. Based on the regression slope of night light intensity before and after the Covid-19, this article analyzes the economic trend of Zhanjiang during the epidemic period. The results show that there is a significant linear correlation between the night light index and the socio-economic index, and the regression slope of the light can reflect the short-term economic trend and evaluate the city-level economic indicators well.

Effect of Community Participation Levels on Tourism Village Development

Tourism is a catalyst for community economic development in cities and villages. In Indonesia, the central government encourages village governments and their communities to turn their villages into tourist villages. This is an effort to improve the village’s economy. Lamajang Village is one of the tourist villages in Bandung Regency and is categorized as a pioneer tourism village even though it has been designated as a tourist village for more than 10 years. Previous studies have stated that the success of developing a tourist village depends on the level of acceptance and support of the local community. This study aims to identify forms of community empowerment and measure the level of community participation in the development of tourism villages. The study approach uses the Arstein ladder of participation theory which suggests eight levels of participation and case study. The analysis uses a quantitative approach and is equipped with a qualitative approach to deepen the social phenomena. Data collection were done using in-depth interviews and questionnaires. The method of analysis used content analysis and scoring. This study found that the level of community participation in the development of tourism villages is 86.2% or at a moderate level. Particularly, the level of participation is very high for the form of participation on consultation and placement, and very low on citizen control. These results indicate that high community participation is not the only factor that can determine the success of developing a tourist village.
 Keywords: participation, community, village tourism, development

Lighting Cities: The Application of Public Private Partnerships to Light Up East African Cities

Urban public lighting is an important ingredient for the social and economic development of cities and the safety and security of their citizens. Existing studies support the need for artificial light in cities to enable around the clock activities and enterprise. Although artificial light is a public service commodity, procuring and maintaining lighting in cities is challenging due to funding shortfalls and a lack of technical expertise. The objective of this paper is to identify ways through which public private partnerships can be used to procure and maintain cost-effective and energy-efficient urban streetlighting and introduces a novel approach to generate a sustainable revenue stream to fund the enterprise.

Research on the Evaluation of Urban Quality in Yunnan Province Based on Principal Component Analysis Approach

Urban quality represents the spiritual taste and development quality of a city, and is the unity of the two. The level of urban quality reflects the level of the whole process of a city's planning, construction and management, and also directly affects the convenience and comfort of citizens' life, as well as relates to the agglomeration and attraction of various resource elements such as talents and industries. In other words, it is a comprehensive reflection of a city's strength, directly reflecting a city's economic development strength, urban social and cultural conditions, the beauty of the ecological environment, the level of public services and the living conditions of residents. China's economic development has entered a new period, has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development, and a clear understanding of the quality of the city is of great significance to high-quality development. This paper uses principal component analysis to conduct a comprehensive evaluation study of urban quality in 16 cities and towns in Yunnan Province from five dimensions: quality of urban economic development, social and cultural quality, quality of ecological environment, quality of public services, and quality of life of residents, using empirical data for the period of 2017-2021 as a sample of 16 cities and towns in Yunnan Province. The study found that although the comprehensive index of urban quality of each state and city in Yunnan Province has been steadily increasing year by year, the gap between the states and cities has not been significantly reduced. The development level of city sub-quality in each state and city in Yunnan Province is not balanced, and there are geographical differences, with a few cities, such as Kunming, having higher quality, while the quality of the majority of cities needs to be improved. The comprehensive scores of these city qualities are affected by indicators of economic development, social progress and environmental protection, and also show their own characteristics and advantages. In order to improve the quality of cities in Yunnan Province, it is recommended that policy guidance be strengthened, coordinated development among cities be promoted, investment in environmental protection be increased, and the development of social programs be advanced.

Which network effectively supports urban economic growth? Evidence from China

ABSTRACT City's economic development is increasingly dependent on its positionality in urban networks built on various intercity element flows. In this study, based on data crawling and gravity modelling, seven urban networks of 286 prefecture-level and above cities in mainland China were constructed for 2011 and 2019, and various influencing factors were analyzed. A qualitative comparative analysis was then employed to explore the impacts of urban connectivity in different networks on the urban economy and shed light on the optimal combination of networks to support urban economic growth effectively. The results demonstrate that in 2011, intercity capital, information, trade, knowledge, and technology networks were all essential to urban economic development, while the labour and transportation networks were supporting the former five networks. In 2019, urban development relied more on innovative knowledge and technology networks rather than labour, information, transportation, and trade networks. The importance of the capital network decreased, whereas the knowledge and technology networks still played significant roles in urban economic growth, suggesting an overall transformation to an innovation-driven economy in China.

The impact and nonlinear relationship of low-carbon city construction on air quality: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Many low-carbon policies have been implemented to realize China's “double carbon goals”. Maximizing the synergistic effects of pollution reduction is very important. This study develops difference-in-difference and panel threshold models to analyze the effects of the low carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy on air quality and the nonlinear relationship between them. The results show that: (1) As a whole, the LCCP policy can effectively improve air quality in pilot cities. When regional heterogeneity is concerned, the policy shows a pollution mitigation effect in the eastern and central regions, while it shows a green paradox effect in the western region. (2) The LCCP policy has a spatial spillover effect and displays a U-shaped relationship in terms of distance in a full sample context. The spatial spillover effects of the LCCP policy in terms of the distance vary across regions. (3) There is a nonlinear relationship between LCCP policy and air quality based on the level of economic development and city innovation. When a city's economic development and innovation levels are relatively weak, the policy effect is reflected as a green paradox effect. The LCCP policy can significantly improve the air quality in the pilot cities only when the economic development level and city innovation level exceed a certain threshold. That means different cities should make their low-carbon development plans due to their development level.

Leadership vacuum and urban economic development: Evidence from a transition country

This study focuses on the impact of municipal government officials’ vacancies on the economic development of their cities. Using manually collected data on unfilled senior governmental positions measured by the absence of municipal party secretaries in China from 2003 to 2019, we find that these absences limit city economic development. We identify two possible channels through which this happens: government efficiency and economic policy uncertainty. Finally, we show that the impact of these vacancies on city economic development is stronger in cities in which there is greater pressure to promote government officials and in less developed cities. Thus, this study offers new evidence that vacancies in city government undermine that city's economic development, particularly in a country undergoing an economic transition.