City Of Cordoba Research Articles

Differences in health-related quality of life by academic performance in children of the city of Cordoba-Argentina.

The purpose of the study was to assess the differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to academic performance (AP) in children who attend public schools in the city of Cordoba, Argentina. Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of 494 children aged 9-12years (mean = 9.5; standard deviation [SD] = 0.65; IQR 1) who attended 4th grade of public schools in the city of Córdoba, Argentina in 2014. HRQoL was assessed by self-administration of the KIDSCREEN-52 child version in classroom. AP was established with the final grades in language and mathematics obtained from the school records. Marginal means and SD's of the HRQoL scores were compared between AP groups by calculating the effect size (ES), and linear mixed effect models were used to evaluate the (independent) association of AP with HRQoL. Statistically significant differences were found in the psychosocial dimensions of the HRQoL between the AP groups. The main differences in HRQoL between children with very good-excellent grades and those with unsatisfactory AP were found in school environment (ES = 0.69), parent relation and home life (ES = 0.61), autonomy (ES = 0.61), self-perception (ES = 0.49), and social acceptance (ES = 0.48). Children with very good-excellent grades scored better in all of these dimensions. Children with very good-excellent grades in language and mathematics scored better in the psychosocial domains of HRQoL. AP is an important factor in the analysis of the social and psychological aspects of children's health. Further research is required to explore more deeply the direction and characteristics of this association.

La vista aérea de Córdoba dibujada por Alfred Guesdon en 1853

Las vistas aéreas de Alfred Guesdon constituyen un motivo de recurrente interés por su gran belleza y fiel reflejo de importantes ciudades de la época, así como por los interrogantes que plantea su elaboración. Tras reseñar algunas vistas aéreas dibujadas a mediados del XIX, se revisan las hipótesis sin documentar sobre la relación de Clifford con las vistas españolas de Guesdon y sobre la problemática de su construcción gráfica con la ayuda de planos, fotografías o globos aerostáticos. Sobre ello arroja luz el análisis del inédito dibujo de Córdoba (1853), cuya precisión se constata al compararlo con el coetáneo plano de Montis (1851). En un recorrido por la ciudad dibujada y sus principales hitos se corrobora el valor documental de esta imagen de Guesdon, que supo integrar el dibujo tradicional con los avances técnicos del momento.

Estar juntos/estar separados en el escenario urbano cordobés actual

The following considerations gather up some of the current research developments we have carried out in the context of the Secretary of Science and Technique of the National University of Cordoba, in a project titled: “Strategic urbanism and conflicts: experiences of urban disputes in Cordoba (2016-2017)”. We have investigated in several neighborhoods of the city: Alberdi, San Vicente, Guemes, San Martin, El Tropezon. In such territories certain actors struggle to stay on the urban grid from where they have been or are being displaced. In the process, they elaborate subjective and identity demands that weave into different conflict situations facingthe violence of urban developers and of local and provincial governments. In such a context, in Alberdi neighborhood rises “The Multisectorial”; in San Vicente, the “Network of neighbors”; people from El Tropezon and nextdoor inhabitants of the former San Martin Prison, such as the Craftsmen of Guemes: these are the main actors in the nearby down town area. In this presentation, there for, we resume ideas proposed by Michel de Certeau to explain some of the tactics that the members of these collective experiences unfold. We also interrogate these actors and practices about the transformation horizons they express. Our main goal is to present some of the central core meanings that organize actions with others in present space/time of Cordoba city. In this sense, we wish to ponder on some of the present manifestationsof “being together” —with J.M. Barbero—- building meanings about our neighborhood and city.

En los márgenes de la biomedicina: perspectivas en torno a la práctica ilegal de la medicina en Córdoba y Buenos Aires, 1920-1930

Within the frame of a non-linear medicalization process, different spheres produced a discourse aiming to criminalize health practices that escaped the control of academic medicine. Following a qualitative methodology and a historical-hermeneutic approach, we analyze the voices that emanated from biomedicine and the press linked to “alternative” healing practices, in the cities of Cordoba and Buenos Aires during a period of disciplinary crisis (1920-1930). We specifically analyze the discourses produced by those individuals identified as “quackers”, who were on the fringe of mainstream science.

CONFLICTS OVER SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSES IN ENVIRONMENTAL STRUGGLES.

Scientific discourses are powerful communications that can function strictly as devices of power or that can be disputed to turn them instead into strategies. The aim of this article is to study the tension produced around validating scientific discourses in two conflicts articulated around environmental problems in the city of Cordoba, Argentina. The methodology for this investigation consists of analyzing 20 in-depth interviews using the content analysis technique. The results have been organized into two sections. In the first, the scientific discourse presents itself as a device based on the tensions emerging in the discourses, giving an account of its particular function in each case: illness versus fiction of illness, and territory of dispossession versus territory of sacrifice. In the second section, the scientific discourse presents itself as a strategy of the groups in struggle.

Percepción de creencias, fantasías y temores de los alumnos tutores y las alumnas tutoras en momentos previos al ejercicio de su práctica

Recibido 21/12/2017 Aceptado 28/02/2018Se presenta una de las actividades que se realizan en el marco de un proyecto extensionista titulado Orientación y Contención a los Alumnos Tutores (Jorge y Guzmán, 2016). Las personas tutoras son adolescentes que asisten a dos escuelas de nivel medio en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina), que efectúan apoyo escolar a niños y niñas de dos escuelas públicas. La intervención que aquí se describe es previa al ejercicio de su práctica. El objetivo es reflexionar sobre las creencias, fantasías y temores que poseen los y las jóvenes, antes de comenzar el ejercicio de su rol. Se trata de un trabajo cualitativo, donde se implementan actividades individuales y grupales con los alumnos tutores y las alumnas tutoras. Con base en las respuestas obtenidas se agruparon las creencias, fantasías y temores en torno a dos categorías: en relación con el niño o la niña que acompañarán, y sobre el ejercicio de su rol como estudiante tutor o tutora. Se enfatiza en la necesidad de esclarecerlas dada su influencia en el rol elegido.

Estrategias de afrontamiento ante el dolor y dificultades en la regulación emocional en estudiantes cordobesas con dismenorrea primaria

This study evaluates the relationship between coping strategies for pain and difficulties in emotional regulation used by university students with primary dysmenorrhoea in the city of Cordoba. A retrospective ex post facto design with a quasi-control group was used with 222 female university students between 17 and 28 years of age from different public and private academic units. They were administered the menstrual pain questionnaire, the visual analog scale (EVA), the pain coping strategies questionnaire (CAD), and the emotional regulation difficulties scale (DERS). The results show positive and significant correlations between some CAD and DERS factors, which show that there is a relationship between the strategies that women use to deal with dysmenorrheal pain and difficulties in emotional regulation.

Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) in the adult population of Córdoba, Argentina

Objective: To determine the prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) in the population of Córdoba, Argentina and its association with other risk factors. Methods: A sample of 401 volunteers over 18 years, representative of Cordoba city population, was selected. Using a questionnaire, we collected sociodemographic data including the use of tobacco, alcohol, and mate consumption. Two biological samples were taken from each individual, whole mouth saliva and a scraping of the posterior border of the tongue. HPV was determined by polymerase chain reaction using MY09/11 primers. Statistical associations were analyzed using χ2 test. Results: Prevalence of HPV in the population was of 3% (13/401). The mean age of HPV-positive cases was 42 years with a range of 20–85; 54% were females. Among the 13 cases whose saliva was positive for HPV, only 7 (54%) had HPV-DNA in the tongue scraping. All identified genotypes were of low risk and HPV11 was the most frequent type in 62% of positive cases. None of the positive subjects exhibited oral lesions compatible with HPV infection. Ten (77%) of the HPV-positive subjects exhibited lesions in the oral mucosa, mostly related to chronic mechanical irritation (CMI) (odds ratio 3, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–8.97, p < 0.05). Fifty-four percent of HPV-positive individuals were light smokers and consumed alcohol moderately. The combination of both habits was observed in 31%. Sixty-two percent drank mate at high water temperatures. No differences were detected in the sexual behavior or in the reported number of sexual partners between HPV-positive and -negative subjects. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of oral HPV in adults was 3%; only the low-risk genotypes were detected and no association with other risk factors for oral cancer was found. However, an association with CMI of the oral mucosa was noted. The saliva sample proved to be a simple, efficient, and well-tolerated method suitable for screening for HPV, and more cases were detected in saliva compared with tissue scrapings.

Estimación de Cov´s emitidos por fuentes fijas y móviles en el aire de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina

At the end of the XX Century, the city of Cordoba had a monitoring net of atmospheric contaminants which were regularly used to measure NO2, SO2, CO, O3 and PM10. For certain atmospheric contaminants such as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), information is not consistent or enough. This work starts from the need to have measurements of environment concentration of VOCs to assess health risk and take decisions regarding public and private policies, since they require information about levels of population exposure to contaminants, number of people exposed, length of exposition, and the knowledge of quantitative relationships between exposition and effects on health. In this communication, we present the inventory of atmospheric pollutant emissions by mobile and fixed sources in the city of Cordoba.

Spider communities in urban green patches and their relation to local and landscape traits

Urbanization and urban landscape characteristics greatly alter plant and animal species richness and abundances in negative and positive directions. Spiders are top predators, often considered to be sensitive to habitat alteration. Studies in urban environments frequently focus on ground-dwelling spiders or on spiders in built structures, leaving aside foliage spiders. Effects of habitat, landscape type and structure and local characteristics on spider species composition, richness and relative abundance were evaluated in urban green patches in a temperate city of South America. We also assess whether Salticidae could be an indicator group for the broader spider community in the urban environment. Spiders were sampled with a G-VAC (aspirator) in urban green patches in Cordoba city, Argentina, in urban, suburban and exurban habitats (18 sites; six per habitat) and local and landscape traits were assessed. Overall, the exurban was richer than the urban habitat, however, at the site level Salticidae richness and abundance (but not the total spider assemblage) were significantly lower in urban sites. Species composition moderately differed between urban and exurban sites. Results indicate that on urban green spaces a low impervious surface cover, a coverage of trees, herbaceous vegetation and a vertical structure of vegetation at least up to 1 m in height contribute to higher richness and abundance of spiders, Salticidae being more sensitive than the overall spider community to local effects. In addition, Salticidae richness can predict 74% of the total spider richness recorded and may be used as spider diversity bio-indicators in this climatic region.

Land use and air quality in urban environments: Human health risk assessment due to inhalation of airborne particles

Particle matter (PM) and its associated compounds are a serious problem for urban air quality and a threat to human health. In the present study, we assessed the intraurban variation of PM, and characterized the human health risk associated to the inhalation of particles measured on PM filters, considering different land use areas in the urban area of Cordoba city (Argentina) and different age groups. To assess the intraurban variation of PM, a biomonitoring network of T. capillaris was established in 15 sampling sites with different land use and the bioaccumulation of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn was quantified. After that, particles were collected by instrumental monitors placed at the most representative sampling sites of each land use category and an inhalation risk was calculated. A remarkable intraurban difference in the heavy metals content measured in the biomonitors was observed, in relation with the sampling site land use. The higher content was detected at industrial areas as well as in sites with intense vehicular traffic. Mean PM10 levels exceeded the standard suggested by the U.S. EPA in all land use areas, except for the downtown. Hazard Index values were below EPA's safe limit in all land use areas and in the different age groups. In contrast, the carcinogenic risk analysis showed that all urban areas exceeded the acceptable limit (1 × 10−6), while the industrial sampling sites and the elder group presented a carcinogenic risk higher that the unacceptable limit. These findings validate the use of T. capillaris to assess intraurban air quality and also show there is an important intraurban variation in human health risk associated to different land use.

Independencia, imparcialidad y objetividad en la prensa regional (1900-1926)

Es objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar que las nociones de independencia y de objetividad periodísticas emergieron a partir de causalidades diferentes. Mientras que la primera designó una nueva concepción del periódico, la segunda constituyó un principio deontológico que si bien la prensa independiente incorporó por causas sociohistóricas precisas ya contaba con antecedentes desde fines del siglo xix. El corpus abordado en la investigación corresponde a la prensa regional argentina; en particular, a los periódicos publicados en la ciudad de Córdoba entre 1904 y 1926.

Biomonitoring levels and trends of PAHs and synthetic musks associated with land use in urban environments

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are some of the most studied organic compounds in urban environments, due to their known adverse effects on human health and persistence in environmental matrices. During the last decade, new groups of organic compounds with an intensive use worldwide such as synthetic musks have been raising the interest of the scientific community given their toxicity and health effects. However, literature is still scarce in studies dealing with their concentration in the environment, especially in developing countries, where they are even more rare or non-existing at all. We employed leaves of Ligustrum lucidum to assess the concentrations of PAHs and synthetic musks in different land use areas in Cordoba city, therefore contributing with environmental information in Argentina. We found higher levels of PAHs in urban and industrial areas than in the peri-urban sampling sites, naphthalene being one of the dominant PAHs in all sampling areas. Regarding synthetic musk fragrances, polycyclic musks were the most contributing compounds and the highest levels found in industrial areas as well. A high environmental risk could be expected due to the frequent occurrence of galaxolide in addition to the high hazardous potential of phantolide, which was present in 50% of the samples. The results of the present study indicate that leaves of an urban ubiquitous tree can be used to assess the spatial behavior of both “classic” and “emerging” organic pollutants, allowing an assessment of urban air quality in areas where common air sampling devices are unavailable.

Usamos la información para optimizar actividades. El caso de un proyecto de extensión en una biblioteca popular

Este artículo recoge resultados de un proyecto de extensión aplicado en la Biblioteca Popular Atahualpa de la ciudad de Córdoba, donde participaron estudiantes de la Escuela de Bibliotecología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades (FFyH) de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC). Involucradas las cátedras de “Administración de Recursos y Servicios de información I y II” y “Procesos Técnicos I” de la carrera, se consideró oportuno enfocarse en el uso de la información dentro del flujo comunicacional para contribuir en la necesidad de la biblioteca de ordenar el material bibliográfico donado afianzando conocimientos en los participantes. El objetivo se centró en valorizar la donación por medio de un análisis crítico del material, y durante el proceso se utilizaron algunas herramientas necesarias para informar, haciendo uso social de los conocimientos vertidos en la universidad. La intervención con un grupo de alumnos interesados en la práctica extensionista, fue la modalidad utilizada para asistir técnicamente a la biblioteca, además de la actividad- in situ de análisis crítico de la colección. Como resultado se percibió la importancia de utilizar adecuadamente la información para comunicar y responder al compromiso asumido, además del aprendizaje brindado a estudiantes y personal de la biblioteca.

Trayectorias de vida y ecologismos desde Suramérica. Un entrecruzamiento entre lo individual y lo colectivo


 Durante el 2013 y 2015 desarrollamos un trabajo de investigación, en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, a partir del que pudimos identificar tres corrientes del ecologismo que mantienen un interesante contrapunto con las corrientes postuladas por Martínez Alier, la corriente de protección, la de derechos socio-ambientales y la corriente del ecologismo por la vida. Además, nos fue posible rastrar diferentes trayectorias de vida de los diversos activistas socio-ambientales, lo que nos permitió comprender como esas trayectorias individuales se conjugan y coadyuvan a caracterizar y particularizar los ecologismos reconocidos. A lo largo de este escrito buscamos presentar en primer lugar, las diferentes trayectorias de vida que hemos podido identificar en nuestro trabajo de investigación para, en un segundo momento, exponer las intersecciones que se dan entre éstas trayectorias y los rastros y características de los ecologismos identificados.

Programas de Salud y Prácticas de cuidado nutricional infantil

Abstract Objective: To analyze nutritional care practices considered by health programs and plans implemented in the city of Cordoba, particularly in families living in poverty. Method: Qualitative research of document analysis based on discourse fragment analysis according to Jäger, considering semantic and contextual aspects. Results: The perspective of rights is incorporated in the analyzed documents, care is considered a previous condition to the fulfillment of rights. They refer to national and/or provincial norms, incorporate care and community activities, pretending to incorporate the community outlook, as well as the communication between effectors and caregivers. Conclusions: Although health polices in Argentina are conceived from the family based regime, there is understanding of the need to empower families in exercising their right to care; in all the documents, activities are proposed within a framework of dialog between effectors and caregivers.

Sin Facundo no hay Nunca Más. Trayectorias, contiendas morales y opacidades en la producción social de una víctima “no inocente” en Córdoba (Argentina)

¿Quiénes quedan fuera de las organizaciones que se constituyen para demandar justicia?, ¿cómo se construyen las clasificaciones y las jerarquías sociales en torno a los familiares de víctimas?, ¿de qué modos se logran inscribir ciertas muertes y desapariciones como un problema y un drama colectivo en Argentina? En este artículo muestro cómo se fue configurando políticamente la desaparición de un joven proveniente de sectores populares en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina) y los reclamos de su familia, a partir del análisis de las trayectorias implicadas y del agenciamiento particular de las redes que se entramaron con organismos de derechos humanos. En el marco de este proceso analizo, por un lado, el modo en que el parentesco pasa a constituirse como un principio organizador que habilita a fundar las articulaciones de repertorios y demandas entre un pasado reciente y un presente democrático. Y, por otro, indago cómo la desaparición se fue legitimando en diversos espacios sociales, académicos y políticos, consiguiendo trascender la construcción del caso judicial, ligado a una violencia horizontal de orden privado. Más allá del dictamen de la Justicia, la desaparición, como muerte inconclusa, (re)actualiza constantemente la lucha y vuelve a colocar el acento sobre la responsabilidad de las agencias del Estado. Por último, a partir del recorrido etnográfico y desde un recorte de clase, problematizo las implicancias de las inclusiones, exclusiones y fronteras que las categorías de parentesco instituyen.

Culture, tourism and World Heritage Sites

The recognition of a place as a World Heritage Site (WHS) by UNESCO is fundamental to preserve its historical and artistic inheritance and, at the same time, to encourage visits to that area. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the study of the relationship between WHS designation and cultural tourism, with a markedly sustainable character, through the presentation of the results of research conducted in the city of Cordoba (Spain). The study analyzes the sociodemographic profile of the tourists, the variables that influence their levels of satisfaction and loyalty, and the classification of the travelers through different variables. The principal results of the research show the significant educational level of the surveyed tourists, as well as the high level of satisfaction with the visit, the high number of countries of origin and the outstanding motivation for knowing the city's heritage roots.

Somatotipos de adolescentes escolarizados de Córdoba (Argentina)

En el presente trabajo se analizan posibles respuestas diferenciales del crecimiento de los adolescentes, en particular, cambios de forma, con relación al grupo social, estimado por nivel educativo, de los padres y madres. Para cuantificar los cambios en la forma corporal se utilizó el método del somatotipo. La muestra se constituyó con 208 escolares, de ambos sexos, de 12 a 18 años pertenecientes a dos escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Antes del relevamiento antropométrico, padres y alumnos respondieron una encuesta semiestructurada sobre el nivel educativo alcanzado por los primeros, y sobre sus respectivas dietas, hábitos alimentarios y actividades recreativas y físicas. En este trabajo indagamos sobre posibles asociaciones entre el somatotipo de los alumnos y el nivel educativo alcanzado por los padres. Para calcular el somatotipo fueron relevadas variables antropométricas originales (peso, estatura, pliegue subcutáneo tricipital, subescapular, suprailíaco y de la pierna, los diámetros bicondíleos del húmero y fémur y los perímetros del brazo contraído y de la pierna). Además del somatotipo individual se obtuvo el somatotipo grupal por cada categoría de agrupamiento (sexo y edad). El grupo femenino exhibió, de acuerdo con lo esperado según la literatura, somatotipos más endomorfos que los varones. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el nivel educativo entre padres y madres de las distintas escuelas. Estos resultados podrían estar influyendo en los niveles de endomorfía de los participantes, la cual fue mayor en aquellos de la escuela cuyos padres presentaron menor nivel educativo.

Percepciones del uso del móvil en estudiantes en formación profesional

Los dispositivos móviles proliferan de manera acuciante en el quehacer diario de todos los sujetos, su versatilidad para comunicarnos, relacionarnos e informarnos constituye una herramienta poderosa que ha aterrizado en los entornos educativos, por lo que es necesario estudiar el uso que los jóvenes realizan de los mismos en su ciclo vital. El objeto fundamental de este artículo es conocer la valoración de 220 estudiantes de formación profesional, pertenecientes a dos instituciones escolares del Distrito Sur de la ciudad de Córdoba (España) sobre el uso que realizan del móvil; para lo cual, se utilizará una metodología cuantitativa mediante un diseño ex post-facto. Los principales resultados de este estudio indican que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas del uso del móvil en función del sexo; la tipología de centros en los que están matriculados; el grado y la rama profesional del ciclo formativo; el dispositivo que emplean habitualmente para conectarse a Internet; y, las horas al día en las que se conectan. La principal desigualdad encontrada pone de manifiesto que los jóvenes, cada vez, son más asiduos a emplear el móvil en todas las actividades diarias y, que no son conscientes del uso inadecuado del mismo.