Cities In World Research Articles

Review of recent worldwide developments in urban wildlife ecology and preservation

The variety of plant and animal species that live around with the urban settings, such as cities and towns is referred to urban wildlife. Urban wildlife has to attention by urban planners and environmentalists, especially in light of the present worldwide trend of urbanization. This is crucial for creating human-habitable cities that also support the interaction of nature. The world's cities endure significant changes to their ecosystems and landscapes due to the extraordinary pace of urbanization. These advancements continue to have a huge influence on humans and animals living in urban areas. The current advances in urban wildlife ecology and preservation are analyzed and summarized in this study from a worldwide perspective. In an urban environment that is changing rapidly, it highlights the need for continual examination and monitoring to guide conservation efforts. In this review, we analyze peaceful urban ecosystems that sustain both human and animal populations, academics, environmentalists, and governments. This overview covers regulations associated with wildlife conservation and preservation in urban environments. Global advancements in urban wildlife ecology and protection are mostly driven by policy and legislation that influence conservation strategies and modify the urban environment to facilitate wildlife living together. Recognizing and protecting biodiversity in urban areas is becoming more important, as indicated by the assessment of recent global advancements in this field. The need to live in peace with animals becomes important as urban areas spread out and consume a growing portion of the natural world.

Assessment of network structure characteristics and factors of corporate flows in Guangdong Province.

With the rapid development of the world city network, the traditional location theory has gradually been disproven, and the advantages of the flow space over the traditional vertical organizational structure are gradually being revealed. Therefore, from corporate branch networks and corporate investment networks, 21 cities in urban agglomerations of Guangdong are taken as case studies for this paper. Furthermore, in this paper, 5 representative types of corporate contact data (catering service, financial service, life service, sports and leisure and accommodation service) are selected, the social network analysis (SNA) method is used to quantitatively analyze the network structure characteristics of urban agglomerations, and a spatial interaction model is constructed to explore the factors influencing. The results indicate that secondary networks have developed in Guangdong. The financial service network is the most complex, followed by the life services, sports and leisure and catering networks. The accommodation service network structure is the simplest. Among all kinds of networks, Guangzhou and Shenzhen have the highest status. The catering and accommodation corporations in Yangjiang in the west have a relatively major external development. Shantou in the east has many branches of various types, while most of the capital exchange in the region is concentrated in Heyuan and Qingyuan in the north. The coefficients of geographical proximity and the urban development level play a significant role in promoting the development of networks. However, administrative capacity limits the attractiveness of origin cities to a certain extent.

Millennium of Resilience, Vulnerability and Sustainability at Rome, c. 200 BCE-800 CE

The contribution uses the four phases of growth, conservation, release, and reorganisation of the adaptive cycle model from resilience theory in a study of developments at Rome in the millennium from the late Republic through late antiquity. In addition, the study applies the concepts of vulnerability and sustainability to investigate responses to crises. The focus is on change in the size of the city of Rome, the relationship between the city and the hinterland, and how society tried to adapt to environmental, economic, political, and social challenges. It concludes that, in the end, the city of Rome proved resilient, and entered the medieval period still the largest city of the Latin world.

A Global Estimate of the Size and Location of Informal Settlements

Slums are a structural feature of urbanization, and shifting urbanization trends underline their significance for the cities of tomorrow. Despite their importance, data and knowledge on slums are very limited. In consideration of the current data landscape, it is not possible to answer one of the most essential questions: Where are slums located? The goal of this study is to provide a more nuanced understanding of the geography of slums and their growth trajectories. The methods rely on the combination of different datasets (city-level slum maps, world cities, global human settlements layer, Atlas of Informality). Slum data from city-level maps form the backbone of this research and are made compatible by differentiating between the municipal area, the urbanized area, and the area beyond. This study quantifies the location of slums in 30 cities, and our findings show that only half of all slums are located within the administrative borders of cities. Spatial growth has also shifted outwards. However, this phenomenon is very different in different regions of the world; the municipality captures less than half of all slums in Africa and the Middle East but almost two-thirds of all slums in cities of South Asia. These insights are used to estimate land requirements within the Sustainable Development Goals time frame. In 2015, almost one billion slum residents occupied a land area as large as twice the size of the country of Portugal. The estimated 380 million residents to be added up to 2030 will need land equivalent to the size of the country of Egypt. This land will be added to cities mainly outside their administrative borders. Insights are provided on how this land demand differs within cities and between world regions. Such novel insights are highly relevant to the policy actions needed to achieve Target 11.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals (“by 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services, and upgrade slums”) as interventions targeted at slums or informal settlements are strongly linked to political and administrative boundaries. More research is needed to draw attention to the urban expansion of cities and the role of slums and informal settlements.

Review on Development of E-Waste Management System

Abstract: Today, the advancement of technology has the power to change everyone's life. Although this innovation is beneficial, it creates serious effects on human health and environmental health. One of the main reasons for this is "e-waste" resulting from electronic products. With the use of electronic products all over the world, the amount of "e-waste" or e-waste has also increased and this has now become a serious problem. Improper disposal of e-waste has become an environmental and public health problem as it now accounts for the largest portion of water litter in the world's cities. Therefore, correct classification and management of e-waste requires the recovery of important information about waste. These growing wastes are hard in nature and rich in metals such as neodymium, indium, palladium, tantalum, platinum, gold, silver, lead and copper, which can be recovered from discards and brought back to the earth. Production cycle and daily use. In this project, a deep learning model is used to identify e-waste and general waste using image processing. The design model, on the other hand, selects the waste with good accuracy and takes less time. Wastes are divided into two groups according to the amount or value in the waste. By using this model effectively, we can solve e-waste management problems, improve recycling and contribute to environmental sustainability.

Economic analysis of world cities using improved deep shallow learning network with intelligent shell game optimization

An economic analysis is required to determine the financial status of every city throughout the world The economic growth of a city depends on multiple factors like health, finances, transport, industry, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to have a user-friendly factor for handling the economic data regarding the financial evaluation outcomes The main motive behind this research work is to tackle the issue of low prediction accuracy of the conventional economic and financial growth trend assumption model by developing a model using the latest deep network technology. The data regarding the economic status of a city is collected from standard online sources. The collected data are given to the preprocessing for economic prediction in any city throughout the world phase. After that the optimal attributes from the preprocessed data are extracted with the help of a newly suggested Accuracy-based Shell Game Optimization (ASGO) algorithm Consequently, the chosen optimal attributes are given as input to the final prediction stage. The economy prediction of a city is done using the Optimized and Deep Shallow Learning Network (ODSLN). The parameters in the ODSLN are tuned using the same ASGO algorithm. This helps in enhancing the prediction functionality of the deployed model over large dimensional data. The developed model is validated with standard performance metrics against other conventional prediction models. Throughout the result analysis, the developed model attains a 94% accuracy rate and 93% sensitivity rate which is much better than the existing approaches. The efficiency of the suggested deep learning-based economic prediction model is evaluated against the recently developed model based on several performance measures.

Having a tree in front of one’s home is associated with GREATER subjective wellbeing in adult residents in Melbourne, Australia, and Toronto, Canada

While urban trees can be important determinants of human health and wellbeing in world cities, the specific influence of nearby urban trees upon human wellbeing has not been adequately explored. While many studies have associated urban greenery abundance with wellbeing scores, many measures of urban greenery do not specify the type of vegetation or the impact of co-location. Here we fill this gap by associating self-reported measures of the presence of nearby trees (tree in front of one's home) with validated subjective wellbeing (SWB) scores. We also tested for the mediating role of what people thought about trees and nature, with a focus on the values people associate with urban trees and nature relatedness (NR). We used electronic panel survey data based on a demographic and geographical representative sample of more than 3400 residents living in Toronto, Canada, and Melbourne, Australia. We analysed these data using regression-based mediation and path analyses. We found that having a tree in front of one's home was strongly and positively associated with SWB scores in both cities with similar results (Melbourne, β = 0.17, p < 0.05; Toronto, β = 0.18, p < 0.05), while accounting for NR, values associated with urban trees, and demographics (e.g., age, education, home ownership). The mediating role of NR and values was small. The specific pathways of association between tree in front of one's home, SWB, NR, and values, varied by city, when accounting for demographics. We discuss how increasing the abundance of nearby urban trees in cities may also increase human wellbeing.

Influence Of Barista And Product On The Store Atmosphere And Its Impact On Coffee Shop Customer Satisfaction In The Lowland

Coffee shops are businesses in the downstream agribusiness subsystem proliferating in various countries. This growth has created competition, so every coffee shop tries to Win it by giving more satisfaction to its consumers. The research aims to analyze the influence of baristas and products on the store atmosphere and its impact on coffee shop consumer satisfaction in the plains. The research location is in Cirebon City, Province West Java, Indonesia, because the city can represent the geographical conditions of world cities in the lowlands where many coffee shops stand. The research will be carried out in August–December 2023. The research design uses descriptive quantitative survey methods. The sample size was set at 100 coffee shop consumers in Cirebon City an accidental sampling technique. Measurement of indicators for each variable uses a Likert Scale. The data analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling. Research results conclude that the barista and the product each directly influence the store atmosphere, and the store atmosphere directly affects coffee shop consumer satisfaction. Baristas and products indirectly impact consumer satisfaction through the store atmosphere. The indicator that best reflects the condition of the barista variable is "accuracy," the product variable is "availability of product stock," and the store atmosphere variable is "coffee drinking room."

CITTASLOW CITIES AND TOURISM GOVERNANCE: THE CASE OF ISPARTA

With the increasing globalization of world cities and the increase in metropolitan city life, the similarity of cities has revealed the 'slow city' movement. The aim of the slow city movement is to protect the originality and local values of the cities, to highlight them in the most accurate way and to ensure sustainability. This movement is away from the complex city life where the traffic is heavy and the city noise is high; It has been very popular in recent years by people who want to return to a calmer, natural lifestyle. The aim of the study is to compare the places that adopt the slow city movement with the implementation and tourism policies and compare them with the governance dimension. Although it is important that public institutions and organizations and NGO’s (Non-Governmental Organizations) act in cooperation in order to prevent difficulties in fulfilling the criteria required for a slow city, this cooperation is possible with "tourism governance". In this study, a comparative analysis was made between the quiet cities of Isparta, Eğirdir and Yalvaç. In the study, the data obtained as a result of the use of qualitative research method were collected with the use of interview technique. Convenience sampling method and semi-structured interview technique were used in the research. As a result of the study, it was seen that the awareness of the people about preserving their culture, local food, tangible and intangible cultural heritage, history and natural beauties increased after the districts became slow cities. It can be said that it is very important for the public sector, private sector and non-governmental organizations to work in cooperation within the scope of tourism governance in order to ensure the continuity of the slow city criteria.

The Multi-temporal and Multi-dimensional Global Urban Centre Database to Delineate and Analyse World Cities

Monitoring sustainable urban development requires comparable geospatial information on cities across several thematic domains. Here we present the first global database combining such information with city extents. The Global Human Settlement Urban Centre Database (GHS-UCDB) is produced by geospatial data integration to characterise more than 10,000 urban centres worldwide. The database is multi-dimensional and multi-temporal, containing 28 variables across five domains and having multitemporal attributes for one or more epochs when the UC are delineated (1975-1990-2000-2015). Delineation of urban centres for the year 2015 is performed via a logic of grid cell population density, population size, and grid cell contiguity defined by the Degree of Urbanisation method. Each of the urban centres has 160 attributes, including a validation assessment. The novel aspects of this database concern the thematic richness and temporal depth of the variables (across geography, socio-economic, environmental, disaster risk reduction, and sustainable development domains) and the type of geo-information provided (location and extent), featuring an overall consistency that allows comparative analyses across locations and time.

Does Density Foster Shorter Public Transport Networks? A Network Expansion Simulation Approach

One argument for containing urban densities is that cities need a critical population density to sustain sufficiently available public transportation. However, the question of whether denser cities foster shorter public transport networks empirically is problematic because real-world transport nets are a product of many additional factors presumably not related to urban form. This paper adopts a network expansion simulation approach to generate and analyze counterfactual data on network lengths for 36 world cities, in which all networks are generated with similar expansion restrictions and objectives. Denser cities are found to have shorter simulated public transport networks, regardless of the tested model parameters. This provides additional proof that densities are needed to facilitate the provision of proximate public transport infrastructure, with potentially self-reinforcing effects.

The Implication of Urban Spatial Expansion on the Socio-Economic Development in Obala, Cameroon

The rapid population increase in world cities, not excluding Africa and sub-Saharan African cities has had a considerable effect both on the space occupation and on the inhabitants themselves. Cameroon in general and Obala town in particular have witnessed a rapid increase in their population. Such a rapid increase has opened flood gates for land grabbing, creating problems including inadequate electricity supply, the absence of portable water, insecurity, and anarchy in construction. It is in furtherance of these issues that this paper seeks to examine the trend of urban spatial expansion and its implications for socio-economic development in the town of Obala. The research made use of secondary source data (published articles, reports, and theses). Primary source data was sourced from the administration of 116 questionnaires, some of which selected 13 quarters of the Obala urban space. Interviews and focus group discussions were organised with the objective of gathering information in Obala. To determine the rate of urban spatial expansion, a time series analysis of the years 1987, 2004, and 2020 was conducted with the use of multiple temporal Landsat satellite images. The result reveals that migration (immigration), the rehabilitation of the National Road, and the searches for employment opportunities have accelerated the urban spatial expansion in Obala. That is why urban space increased from 7.01% in 1987 to 9.01% in 2004, and in 2020, it hit 16.9%. In the social domain, the extension of electric poles and the construction of health centres and educational facilities have moved forward. In the economic domain, the emergence of commercial institutions (banks), market installations, and an increase in investment rates have increased the magnitude of economic activities in Obala.

Sylvian Fachard, Edward M. Harris (eds.): The Destruction of Cities in the Ancient Greek World. Integrating the Archaeological and Literary Evidence. Cambridge: Cambridge UP 2021.

Sylvian Fachard, Edward M. Harris (eds.): The Destruction of Cities in the Ancient Greek World. Integrating the Archaeological and Literary Evidence. Cambridge: Cambridge UP 2021.

World city networks: Theories, methodology, and research topics

World city networks: Theories, methodology, and research topics

The Fate of Sustainable Development Goal 11 Amidst Growing Environmental Challenges in Developing World Cities: Insights from the Yaounde Metropolis

In the face of a rapidly urbanising world and growing environmental concern, achieving sustainable development goal 11 (SDG 11) in developing world cities poses a significant challenge. The article examines the fate of SDG 11 which aims to create inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities. The study employs a mixed-method approach to unravel the complexities of sustainable urban development in Yaounde. Using quantitative analysis and qualitative inquiry the study explores urban environment challenges and their relationship with SDG 11. Findings revealed that Yaounde grapples with rapid and unplanned urbanization, poor waste management system, poor air quality, climate change vulnerability and overall environmental degradation which are impeding progress towards SDG 11. By addressing these challenges through enhanced urban planning, community engagement and effective governance, more progress can be made in creating inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities.

Evaluation of Open and Green Space Systems in the Context of Urban Livability

Urban that has overgrown in recent years have affected human lifestyle and ecological balance in a negative way. Open and green spaces decreased. With this, unhealthy urban conditions occur. Therefore, urban is becoming more unlivable. The aim of this study, starting from the problem of insufficient/unqualified open and green areas in urban, is to show that cities are more livable when the open and green spaces system is designed. The “top 10 livable cities” ranking the world cities are listed by 6 different institutions and the same cities included in this list are selected. The open and green areas of 4 different selected cities were examined. In the scope, two basic concepts are based on: open-green space systems and urban livability. As a result of the study, it has been seen that open and green space systems affect cities more livable. Therefore, open and green areas are planned systematically for maximum benefit with a sustainable approach. However, systems also need new approaches at some points. At this point, a hypothetical open green space system is proposed in this study. The concept of urban liveability and open and green spaces, an index of urban liveability, are explained. Then, open and green space systems in the literature are clarified with examples. To show the relationship between urban liveability and open green spaces, the research results done by different institutions, the most overlapping cities have been selected according to the top 10 list of most liveable cities list. The value of this study to make itself original and the literature contribution is that at the end of the research, a new open and green system was suggested based on the open and green systems in the literature.

Impact of Social Network Sites on Developing Brand Communication in Xian City

The digital era mobilises the world cities with various traits and symbolic resources to brand the images of the cities through propagation in Social Media (SM) platforms. This work examines Xian, the fastest developing city in China, which is in the process of building its brand through SM platforms. The model proposed in this work uses elaborative variables that are categorised into four indicators which characterises the behaviours of users in the SM. Each variable is weighted based on the entropy method as each one has a varied level of intensity in the model. The detailed results indicate that the size of the network is a significant factor in construction of brand communication through the SM platforms. Further, the study also includes the descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of individual explanatory variables with the model’s output value. The result of this analysis indicates that connections with friends and a number of followers as crucial factors in board communication of Xian city. This work can guide the local municipal authorities to advertise and influence SM users to create a positive brand of the city.

Connecting world cities through sports events: Insights from international sports tours

ABSTRACT This paper tried to advance the theory of world city networks (WCNs) by uncovering the distinct spatial patterns and network structures of WCNs based on three common types of international sports tours (ISTs), namely the Tours of Tennis, Athletics and Marathon. We identify the distinct spatial trend of the “universalization of particularism.” The spatial features range from regional/domestic for ISTs in which everyone can participate, to global Northern for highly professional ISTs, and global for ISTs in which athletes represent their countries. The spatial pattern indicates that particularism takes place at the regional/global scale due to sports diversity. Also, our exploration reveals a unique city network composed of three subnetworks with both stable and unstable structures because of the domination of multiple actors. The pluralized spatial pattern and complicated network structure expand the research field of WCNs and provide a multiscale perspective for global-local interaction studies in the sports context.

Evolution of urban planning concepts of global urbanization and the framework of transcontinental links

A critical review of the evolution of the concepts of global forms of settlement is given, taking into account the influence of transcontinental and cross-border ties on global urban and interethnic integration processes. Such concepts include: network forms of settlement, megalopolises or megaregions, global or world cities. A brief description and graphoanalytic models of simultaneously existing views on the organization and development of macro-regional and global settlement, as well as an analysis of their impact on global relations, are proposed. The features and problems of the formation of the world settlement framework, as well as methodological and methodological aspects of conflict resolution of urbanization processes and the development of global communications are put forward. The topic of the development of research on urbanization processes in the Russian Federation and in the world is included in the list of priority areas for the development of fundamental scientific research of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences and the Ministry of Construction of Russia. The methodology of the work is based on the consistent use of methods of comparative analysis of the concepts of urban development of the global settlement system, taking into account the formation of a framework of transcontinental connections, as well as graphical comparison (modeling) of these concepts and transcontinental corridors included in the main programs and projects of global transport development.

Evolution of urban planning concepts of global urbanization and the framework of transcontinental links

A critical review of the evolution of the concepts of global forms of settlement is given, taking into account the influence of transcontinental and cross-border ties on global urban and interethnic integration processes. Such concepts include: network forms of settlement, megalopolises or megaregions, global or world cities. A brief description and graphoanalytic models of simultaneously existing views on the organization and development of macro-regional and global settlement, as well as an analysis of their impact on global relations, are proposed. The features and problems of the formation of the world settlement framework, as well as methodological and methodological aspects of conflict resolution of urbanization processes and the development of global communications are put forward. The topic of the development of research on urbanization processes in the Russian Federation and in the world is included in the list of priority areas for the development of fundamental scientific research of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences and the Ministry of Construction of Russia. The methodology of the work is based on the consistent use of methods of comparative analysis of the concepts of urban development of the global settlement system, taking into account the formation of a framework of transcontinental connections, as well as graphical comparison (modeling) of these concepts and transcontinental corridors included in the main programs and projects of global transport development.