City Government Research Articles

THE ROLE OF CIVIL SERVICE POLICE UNIT IN ENFORCING HYGIENE LAWS IN PALU CITY, CENTRAL SULAWESI

The increase in the population of Palu City has implications for increasing community activities and affecting waste generation, if it cannot be managed properly it will cause various problems. The regulations issued by the Palu City government which prohibit people from littering are often ignored. This research aims to analyze and describe the role of the Palu City Satpol-PP in enforcing regional legal products regarding waste management and cleanliness by identifying and analyzing supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as what efforts are being made. This research employed a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results of this research show that the Palu City Civil Service Police Unit has carried out its role well as a regional law enforcer regarding cleanliness, in this case, its role as a stabilizer, innovator, modernizer, and pioneer. However, there are still several obstacles, including a lack of public awareness and limited Civil Servant Investigator personnel. Thus, the Palu City Civil Service Police Unit is intensively carrying out outreach and counselling to the community and business actors, taking a humanist and persuasive approach, as well as increasing the number of Civil Servant Investigators.

The Impact of City-County Mergers: Evidence from Sichuan Province

Municipal mergers are often used to facilitate regional economic development. City-county mergers (CCM) are a form of municipal merger and one of the administrative division adjustment methods adopted by prefecture-level city governments to accelerate regional economic developments in China. Most studies of CCMs have focused on the economic effects of CCMs on prefecture-level cities, and little attention has been paid to the county-level effects post-merger. In this paper, we use the Synthetic Control Method (SCM) to examine the effect of the CCM of Nanxi district (formerly Nanxi county) in Sichuan province. We find that after the CCM, GDP per capita was 1989 yuan higher in 2017 than predicted. We also find that the structure of the local economy was altered toward a more industrialized economy, with a decrease in service and agricultural shares (although only significantly for the industrial and service). There is also evidence that these findings were driven by a larger portion of the local economy that was from private markets, suggesting these reforms incentivized larger private production.

Linguistic landscape of immigrants in Japan surrounding social issues and ideologies: a study on prohibition signs and schoolscape

ABSTRACT From the perspective of linguistic landscape, this article reports on the use of Portuguese in the communities of Brazilians as return migrants in Japan, focusing on prohibition signs in public areas and signage in schoolscape to examine their relationship to social issues rooted in the cultural and ideological gap between Japanese locals and Brazilians of Japanese descent. Given the lack of detailed guidance from the national government, this study specifically investigates the process of employing Portuguese on signage. It reveals that Portuguese prohibition signs, ideologically charged, are typically installed by individuals or neighbourhood associations, not by the city government. Although the city government distributes templates for these signs upon request, those who install them are responsible for maintaining or removing them. Consequently, the maintenance process, influenced by the prevalent ideology in the host society, leads to these signs remaining in place. Regarding schoolscape, this study emphasises that the use of Portuguese on signage reflects cumulative efforts of teachers challenging the monolingual ideology in educational spaces. Considering various challenges facing immigrant children in educational settings, incorporating Portuguese not only has practical benefits but also significant potential to promote social acceptance of the immigrants and enhance their school life and learning experience.

Kolaborasi Pemerintahan untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Tenaga Kerja Melalui Program Handak Begawi di Kota Bontang

The Bontang City Government through the Manpower Office launched the Handak Begawi Program. The program is an effort to collaborate companies in Bontang City, vocational training centers and vocational training institutions in order to play an active role in improving the competitiveness of the workforce. This research used a qualitative approach. Data was collected by interviews, observation, and documentation. From the theory of Collaborative Governance by Anshell and Gash (2007), the results of the study are divided into four variables, namely initial conditions that have gone well, clear and consistent institutional design, but for facilitative leadership and collaboration processes are still not optimal. Supporting factors for the implementation of this government collaboration are the existence of a cooperation agreement, the existence of a vision and mission and work program in the collaboration process, trust between stakeholders, collaboration actors get the same opportunities, the decision-making process and sharing responsibilities have also been running, the provision of information data in the collaboration process has been carried out in an organized manner and according to the needs of the collaboration actors, and appropriate resources are available. Inhibiting factors occur due to the lack of socialization related to training and apprenticeship rules, less than optimal facilitative leadership, the absence of regular meetings, and the limited needs of apprentices from employers. Overall, the implementation of government collaboration in the Handak Begawi Program has gone well in accordance with the success factors described by De Seve in government collaboration.

Peningkatan Kompetensi dan Pembuatan Teknologi Terbaru Beton Porous di Jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Perumahan SMKN 1 Balikpapan

The city of Balikpapan has many flood points every year,.Flood events are a priority issue for the Balikpapan City Government, in 2017 there was an increase in flood events by 89 incidents. To solve this problem is to apply the construction with the latest environmentally friendly technology, namely porous concrete so that surface water can seep into the ground and can become a groundwater reserve. Porous concrete is the latest type of concrete technology with high porosity which is applied as a concrete plate which allows rainwater and water from other sources to pass through. Limited facilities and infrastructure, lack of teaching staff relevant to the Construction and Housing Study Program at SMKN 1 Balikpapan School so that they cannot carry out concrete manufacturing and testing because this is a basic competency that every student must have. The activity began by formulating a program that was relevant to the knowledge and research of the PkM team of the Civil Engineering Department of the Balikpapan State Polytechnic and the problems that exist around Balikpanan City. SMKN 1 Balikpapan to carry out follow-up activities or programs to be implemented, activity planning, activity schedules and activity output. The activities were carried out for 2 days which included socialization and practice of making porous concret.

Local government land monopoly in China: the influence of residential land price on supply

ABSTRACT China’s current land system allows local governments to monopolize land supply, and such monopolist power induces local governments to distort the residential land supply in line with their own interests. This paper uses an overlapping generation model to depict the profit maximization behavior of local governments. The theoretical model suggests that local governments in cities with strong economic conditions would face a lower magnitude of price elasticity of demand and would choose a higher residential land price corresponding to a lower residential land supply to achieve profit maximization. To empirically evaluate the theoretical model, the paper adopts Instrument Variable (IV) estimates and investigates data collected from 142 prefecture-level cities between 2010 and 2020. It suggests there is a negative causal relationship between residential land prices and per capita residential land, thus validating the theoretical model that local governments prioritize profit maximization over meeting the local population’s housing demands.

Environmentally Smart House Services for the Children in The City of Bekasi, Indonesia

The city of Bekasi was awarded as one of child-friendly cities in Indonesia, by the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in 2022. The city government is committed to fulfilling children's rights, included in a Bekasi City Regional Regulation Number 13 of 2017, concerning child friendly cities. To fulfill children's rights, the Bekasi City government built smart homes to improve child-friendly cities. Smart homes are a facility used for the children, which they use to learn, play and create things, without any charge. Currently, there are 7 smart houses built in Bekasi City, with another 5 being planned to be built in every sub district. The aim of this research was to identify the service coverage of 7 smart houses that serve Bekasi City, and to provide some recommendations for those to be built. This research used a mixed method, which involved an observation assessment, a score analysis and a spatial analysis. The results of the study showed that, of the 7 smart houses in Bekasi City located in several subdistricts, two were in good conditions (Pondok Gede and Bekasi Timur), three were in moderate conditions (Bekasi Selatan, Mustika Jaya, Rawa Lumbu), and the remaining two were in bad conditions (Medan Satria, Bekasi Utara). It can also be concluded that, based on the service coverage, the Pondok Gede covered another 5 districts, with a distance of 3100 m.

A method for evaluating the effectiveness of improving public transport services, parking fee policies, and park-and-ride facilities in order to encourage the use of public transport

Enhancing the quality of public transport services, implementing effective parking fee policies, and developing park-and-ride facilities are common solutions that urban planners and city governments apply to encourage public transport use. However, estimating the impact of these measures on increasing public transport usage during the solution design process is challenging. This article proposes an approach to assess the effects of these measures in the solution design process, which policymakers or city governments can apply to formulate suitable policies and feasible measures aligned with the local context. The approach begins with a survey on travel behaviour, followed by formulating a mode choice model to assess the sensitivity of the mode share to factors affecting mode choice. This approach is applied to Da Lat city, and the research results indicate how to enhance public transport services, determine appropriate parking fee levels, and establish park-and-ride facilities to achieve a public transport share of 5%, 10%, 15%, or higher. One of the main research results shows that the Park and Ride solution is feasible. Additionally, to achieve a growth rate of public transport volume up to 10%, it is necessary to improve public transport quality services combined with an increase in car parking fees in the downtown area

STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL STRESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN RELATION TO THEIR MENTAL HEALTH AND JOB SATISFACTION

The job of the teachers is complex as it has to meet the expectations of parents, teachers, policy makers and address their once needs. These twin concerns make the life of teachers demanding and stressful. This becomes an important problem in the context of diversity of school system operative in India. A teacher performs outstandingly on being satisfied with the job. However, job satisfaction is concerned with certain aspects and attitude is one of them. It is mandatory for a teacher to have satisfaction on job performance and should develop a positive attitude towards education. Only satisfied, well adjusted and mentally healthy teacher can think of the well being of the students. In the present study, random sampling technique has been employed. Against this backdrop this study was planned to investigate aspects of occupational stress of secondary school teachers in relation to their mental health and job satisfaction. A sample of about 200 teachers from different type of schools (government and private) of Gurdaspur city was selected for the purpose of the study. Toanalyze the data varied statistical techniques have been employed such asstatistics viz; Mean, Standard Deviation have been used to ascertain the nature of distribution of scores, descriptive Pearson product moment correlations have been calculated, the t-test was applied to find out the difference between means, ANOVA (two way) was applied to compute the data. Findings of the study showed that government schools teachers have better mental health and job satisfaction in comparison to teachers of private schools, whereas female schools’ teachers have better mental health in comparison to male school’s teachers.

Collaborative Governance dalam Mewujudkan Kota Singkawang Sebagai Kota Tertoleran Tahun 2023

Tolerance is one of the essential pillars in creating a harmonious and inclusive society, particularly in a city with ethnic and cultural diversity like Singkawang. Collaborative Governance, as an approach involving various stakeholders in the decision-making process, is key to achieving this goal. This study aims to explore how Collaborative Governance plays a role in making Singkawang a Tolerant City in 2023, using Ansell and Gash's (2007) theory of Collaborative Governance as an analytical framework. The research method used is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and related document analysis. The results show that there are 13 main stakeholders involved, with the Singkawang City Government as the primary facilitator. Each has a specific role in facilitating cooperation, conducting dialogues, preserving culture, and supporting activities that promote tolerance. The study also found that the roles and contributions among stakeholders have not yet been fully integrated into a structured legal framework, and there are still challenges in aligning interests and long-term commitments. Collaborative Governance in Singkawang is effective in enabling better coordination among stakeholders, but there are still shortcomings in dialogue participation, consensus on mutual understanding, and accountability mechanisms that need improvement. This study provides important insights for the development of public policy and collaborative practices in Singkawang.

Peningkatan Performa Pelayanan Publik Melalui Penerapan Core Values BerAKHLAK di Kota Singkawang Tahun 2022-2023

In the midst of increasingly high public demands for quality public services, the government through service officers must be able to serve professionally. Implementation and apllication of the core values of BerAKHLAK is one of the main keys to realizing excellent public services. This study aims to examine the process of internalization and application of the core values of BerAKHLAK carried out in Singkawang City in the implementation of public services and their contribution to improving the performance of quality public services for the community. The research method used is a descriptive research type and qualitative approach. Informants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data analysis techniques included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion/verification sourced from observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the internalization of the core values of BerAKHLAK in Singkawang City has been running well and has had a positive impact on improving public service performance. This is evidenced by the increasing value of the public service index in Singkawang City by the Ministry of PAN-RB with a score of 4.22 in 2022 from previously in 2021 getting a score of 3.57. In addition, public satisfaction with public services in Singkawang City has also increased as seen from the value of the public satisfaction index, and the commitment of UPP in Singkawang City to improving the quality of public services. However, there are still weaknesses in several aspects of service. Therefore, The Singkawang City Government must continue to make sustainable efforts to improve the quality of public services in Singkawang City.

City governance, urban livelihoods, and food security: insights from street food trade in Kumasi, Ghana

City governance, urban livelihoods, and food security: insights from street food trade in Kumasi, Ghana

Evaluation of Nutrition Supplementation and Nutrition Education Program in Preventing Malnutrition in Toddlers

Malnutrition in children under five is a serious global health problem, especially in developing countries. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting in 2020 reached 31.8%, which is second in Southeast Asia after Timor Leste. However, this figure has decreased to 21.6% in 2022, according to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition supplementation and nutrition education programs in preventing malnutrition in children under five. This research design is an evaluative design with a cross-sectional approach to obtain an overview at one time of the nutritional status of children under five years of age, program implementation, and results achieved. The input of the number of nutrition workers is lacking, the Puskesmas needs 1 community health worker, the equipment owned is still lacking in the laboratory section and must request procurement from the City or Provincial Health Office and funds for MT distribution are not yet available, the output is not yet on target and the program coverage has not yet reached the set achievement indicators. Suggestions for the Padang City government, especially the Padang City Health to procure facilities and infrastructure that are lacking in puskesmas, while for the Padang Health Center must conduct counseling on the importance of PMT-P so that the MT provided right on target.

Population Mobility and City Livability: An Empirical Study from Java Cities, Indonesia

Population mobility is one of the key factors contributing to the growth of the urban population. Consequently, cities encounter challenges related to livability, including limited access to basic services in education and healthcare, reduced safety, limited transportation accessibility, and affordability of recreational facilities. Literature on population mobility frames urban livability as a non-market good, thus requiring an approach to implicitly derive its value to quantify it into a city livability index. As quantitative research, this study aims to calculate the value of the city livability index and assess its impact on population mobility. We use secondary data, national socio-economic surveys and village potential published by the Central Bureau of Statistics. The findings of this study indicate that cities with high index values typically serve as capitals and hubs of government, commerce, industry, and services. Empirical findings found that livability substantially influences population mobility into cities, with basic services like education, healthcare, and public mass transportation playing pivotal roles. We recommend that city governments provide comprehensive and high-quality facilities to enhance the living experience for their residents.

SOCIALISATION OF THE MOBILE APPLICATION FOR ONLINE POPULATION REGISTRATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION SERVICES IN BANJARMASIN CITY

The Banjarmasin City Government has innovated its services by creating the "Banjarmasin Pintar" application, which is part of Banjarmasin's smart city programme. The mobile application PARAK ACIL (Population Registration and Civil Registration Services) Online is a public service application designed for residents to access services, particularly those provided by the Population and Civil Registration Office of Banjarmasin City. This study aims to examine the socialisation efforts conducted by the Population and Civil Registration Office of Banjarmasin City regarding the PARAK ACIL mobile application. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews with 6 informants, and documentation. The data was analysed using Cresswell's method, which involves organising and preparing the data, reviewing the overall data, creating codes, and using those codes to develop descriptions, then connecting and interpreting the data. The results of the study indicate that the socialisation process of the PARAK ACIL Online mobile application in Banjarmasin City has been fairly optimal. However, there are still residents who prefer to visit the Population and Civil Registration Office in person, indicating the need for enhanced and modernised socialisation techniques that align with current trends. Keywords: Socialisation, Smart City, PARAK ACIL Online

Application of Canny Method to Detect Vehicle License Plate in Tanjung Balai City Government Mess Area

Vehicles have a license plate that serves to be the identity of a vehicle. The shape of the plate is in the form of a piece of metal mounted on the vehicle as an official identity. Making a license plate or Motor Vehicle Number Sign in Indonesia is regulated in Government Regulation No. 60 of 2016 with a validity period of 5 years. The regulation is about the type and tariff of Non-Tax State Revenue (BNBP), and has been officially enacted on January 6, 2017, by replacing Government Regulation No.50 of 2010, quoted from the Kompas newspaper website. Image is one of the components of multimedia that plays an important role because it contains information in visual form. Images have more information that can be conveyed than in the form of text. An image is a collection of image elements (pixels) that as a whole record a scene through a visual sensory (camera). Canny edge detection can detect edges with a minimum error rate, canny edge detection has a difference with other operators because it uses a Gaussian Derivative Kernel that can refine the appearance of the image. Good location can minimize the distance of edge detection produced by processing, so that the location of the edge can be detected similar to the real edge. The accuracy value of applying this method reaches 99.88%-100%. And lastly, one response to single edge that can produce a single edge, not giving false edges.

Analysis of the Financial Performance of the Jambi City Government Using Variance Analysis for the 2020-2022 Fiscal Year

This research aims to evaluate the Financial Performance of the Jambi City Government through Variance Analysis for the 2020-2022 budget year. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach by utilizing secondary data originating from the Jambi City Revenue and Expenditure Budget Realization Report for the same period. The findings show that the Financial Performance of the Jambi City Government as assessed through Income Variance Analysis is classified as Poor, Income Growth is identified as positive, the Degree of Decentralization is classified as Sufficient, the Regional Financial Dependency Ratio is classified as Very High, the Regional Financial Independence Ratio is classified as Low, the PAD Effectiveness Ratio is considered to be Fairly Effective. In terms of Performance Expenditure Variance Analysis, it is rated as Good, Operational Expenditure Analysis is rated as Fairly Good, Capital Expenditure Analysis is also rated as Fairly Good, and the Regional Expenditure Efficiency Ratio is classified as Efficient

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC GREEN SPACES IN AN URBAN SETTLEMENT

The article examines the current land use of green spaces as an integral part of the urban economy through the example of a city in central Ukraine, Kropyvnytskyi. It analyses the regulatory framework for the functioning of green spaces. The study also includes an analysis of the geospatial distribution of public green spaces and their structure by number and area in the regional centre. The authors estimate the green areas covered with tree plantations based on vegetative indicators using remote sensing data. The Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) allowed for clarifying the boundaries of green areas, their area, and the density of green mass of vegetation. This index helps to identify the spatial-temporal trends of vegetation, which are necessary to support scientific-grounded management decisions for city governance. The results of determining the NDVI are presented in the example of the park-monument of landscape art ‘Dendropark’. For vegetation in good condition, its value exceeds 0.7, corresponding to 58 % of the area. The Shannon Diversity Index has been used to assess the distribution of land use types in the green areas of general use. We identified six types of green area land use in Kropyvnytskyi city and performed the index calculations according to these types of land use. The calculation of the provision of public green spaces for city residents confirmed its low value compared to the standards. The research’s results determined that Kropyvnytskyi city needs to create new green zones, preserve existing ones, inventory, and develop a database of all green areas. Planting areas of new residential buildings and applying the experience of other countries to increase green areas due to alternative landscaping types (vertical landscaping, green roofs, and others) will allow for an expansion in the green areas of settlements, especially in large cities. The practical importance of the research results is their potential use for creating a strategy to develop and preserve green plantings in the city of Kropyvnytskyi for future years. Keywords: vegetation index, land use, diversity index, green areas, parks.

Introducing the Diversification of Fishery Products from Cultivated Milkfish as a Trigger for the Creative Economy in the Former Pros- titution Area of Kampung Dolly, Surabaya

Kampung Dolly was originally the largest prostitution areain Southeast Asia which is associated with nightlife. On 19June 2014, a policy was issued by the Surabaya city govern-ment to close this prostitution area which abruptly causedmany people to lose their jobs that previously could obtain anoverall economic turnaround of over 300 million rupiah pernight. Even after a decade, the community still has not beenable to recover its economic independence. The research wasdeemed indispensable for assisting the community regain itseconomic strength. This activity was conducted by the lectur-ers and students of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Uni-versitas Airlangga to foster a creative economy in KampungDolly community by utilizing fishery resources for 41 partici-pants who were members of MSME N'Jarang Nambe, Kam-pung Dolly, Surabaya. Assistance and monitoring were alsoprovided to ensure a successful outcome for the participants.Preliminary questionnaires found that 87.8% of participantshad ever bought fisheries products and were knowledgeableabout various diversification product types available in themarket. The final questionnaires observed the participants'preferences on product packaging, marketing, and licensing oftheir products. A total of 54% of participants preferred simplepackaging with affordable pricing, 66% of participants wouldrather sell their product at conventional markets directly, andonly 37% of participants have applied for business permits. Inconclusion, this activity has successfully providedcomprehensive insight regarding the introduction of productdiversification and assistance during the production process totrigger the entrepreneurial spirit for regaining economicstability in Kampung Dolly communities.

Using exploratory modeling to challenge narratives of risk governance in Mexico City.

Achieving more sustainable adaptation to social-environmental change demands the transformation of the narratives that provide the rationale for risk governance. These narratives often reflect long-standing beliefs about social and political relationships, ascribe actions and responsibilities, and specify solutions to risk. When such solutions are implemented through material investments in landscapes, these narratives become embedded in physical infrastructure with long legacies. Dominant narratives can mask a range of divergent problem framings. By masking alternatives, narratives can contribute to the persistence of unsustainable governance trajectories. Decision-support tools have begun to represent narratives as drivers of system dynamics; making narratives visible can reveal opportunities for more sustainable governance. We present the results of the project "The Dynamics of Multi-Scalar Adaptation in the Megalopolis", a dynamic, exploratory model of socio-hydrological risks in Mexico City that was designed to both endogenize and simultaneously challenge the dominant narratives that characterize water-risk governance in the city. Qualitative data characterize dominant narratives at city and borough scales. An agent-based model, informed by multicriteria decision analysis and coupled with hydrological, urbanization, and climatic model inputs, permitted the development of exploratory governance scenarios designed to challenge dominant narratives. Scenarios revealed how dominant narratives may contribute to the persistence of vulnerability "hotspots" in the city, despite stated goals of equity and vulnerability alleviation. Participatory workshops with representatives of the city government illustrate how making such narratives visible through exploratory modeling can lead to a questioning of prior assumptions and causal relations, recognition of a need for intersectoral collaboration, and insights into potential management strategies.