City Government Research Articles

Smart governance for smart cities and nations

There is an increasing emphasis on utilizing ICT to drive global governmental transformation to enhance efficiency and cost-effective service delivery. Smart governance represents a novel and data-driven progressive approach, prioritizing intelligence in operations, upholding an exceptional standard of public administration, and contributing to the development of smart cities and nations. A smart city uses advanced technology and innovation to augment urban life and efficiency to ensure sustainability and a smart nation extends these principles across regions. Although smart governance is a priority in building smart cities and nations, its challenges and strategies are still not well-defined from the perspective of developing a smart nation and city. Smart Bangladesh is an inclusive digital transformation initiative and a grand vision of the government, advancing towards becoming a developed, prosperous, and smart nation by focusing on four key pillars: smart citizens, smart government, smart economy, and smart society. This study involved interviews with multi-level stakeholders and served as a preliminary step toward providing insights into and understanding the significant challenges and priorities in transforming a smart country and building smart cities. The research identifies fourteen prime challenges of smart governance that are pivotal for transforming Bangladesh into a smart nation and creating smart cities. Among these, stakeholders particularly emphasize the need for administrative reform, robust smart infrastructure, finance, uninterrupted electricity, strong data privacy and security, and effective big data management as crucial to the success of the country's vision. The analysis proposes a conceptual framework based on stakeholders' priorities that can serve as a practical guideline for practitioners to develop a strategic roadmap for effective preparedness to transition to a smart nation and build smart cities. The study fills a research gap in governance theory concerning the evolution of transformative technology-based governance, particularly emphasizing the significance of smart governance in the development of smart nations and cities.

A Nexus between Project Management Lifecycle and Performance of Slums Upgrading Projects in Nairobi City County, Kenya

The alarming rate of urban sprawl poses a social menace for city planners and governments worldwide and Nairobi city of Kenya is not an exception. Challenges of access to appropriate and affordable housing has forced majority of city residents to occupy shanties with deplorable living conditions thus, the need to improve the infrastructure in the slums. In Kenya, the government has initiated various projects in a bid to carry out a facelift of slums countrywide. Although, involvement of key stakeholders in each of the phases of project management lifecycle (PMLC) that is, project initiation, planning, implementation, Monitoring & evaluation and closure remains a critical factor to the realization of slum upgrading infrastructure development, the affected communities are not fully engaged thus thwarting effective implementation of the planned activities. In this regard, the aim of the study was to examine the influence of PMLC on performance of slums upgrading projects (PSUP). A descriptive survey research design and a correlational research design were utilized whereby data was analysed and interpreted using means, standard deviations, correlation of coefficient and correlation of determination. A sample of 266 was drawn from a target population of 794, of which 208 responded to a 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire. Qualitative data collected was presented in narrative form. Results obtained indicated a linearly positive and a very strong significant relationship between PMLC and PSUP. When all phases were combined PMLC explained 62.9% of the overall variation in PSUP. The findings indicate that a unit increase in initiation and planning stages result to an increase in PSUP by 7.77% and 1.97% respectively whereas for a unit decrease in project implementation and project M&E, PSUP decreases by 2.07% and 1.72% respectively. It was thus concluded that PMLC significantly influences Performance of Slum Upgrading Projects. The recommendation of the study was that activities pertaining to project planning, M&E and project closure phases be efficiently executed for optimum performance of the projects.

Smart City Planning To Create Good And Clean Government In Ternate City

Abstract: In the journey towards a Smart City, efforts to make it a bridge that connects people's expectations of appropriate, effective, and efficient government services by utilizing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is of the essence. The Smart Governance concept is the main key, where the Ternate City Government as executor of government duties is expected to be able to provide quality services following Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and the principles of law, humanity, justice, democracy, participation, transparency, accountability, and commitment to the welfare of its citizens. To realize the Smart City vision in Ternate, there needs to be a mutual understanding regarding the true Smart City paradigm. "In addition to supporting regulations, good cooperation between various parties who are committed to implementing Smart City as a form of public service to the community is very important.Keywords: Smart City, Planning, Government

Kontribusi Pemerintah Kota Bitung dalam Memajukan Pendidikan Non-Formal melalui Bantuan Sosial kepada PKBM

This research illustrates how the Bitung City Government's policy through social assistance for the distribution of the implementation of non-formal education programs in the center of community learning activities in an effort to increase the level of graduation of the community in Bitung City through the Equality Examinations program. As well as how the Bitung City Government's policy related to budget assistance to the center of community learning activities can accommodate the needs of people who drop out evenly and have the same opportunity in the fulfillment of educational services in Bitung City. Thus, this research focuses on two things, namely 1) Analyzing a non -formal education budget assistance policy issued by the Bitung City Government; 2) Knowing the optimization of social assistance to the center of community learning activities for justice and equity in education for people of Bitung City. The research uses a qualitative approach with a type of descriptive research by collecting data that researchers will use, namely through: in-depth interviews, observations and documentation studies. Through this research, it is known that the Bitung City Government has tried to strengthen the non-formal education sector through social assistance in the operational budget for equitable implementation of equality education programs at the center of community learning activities; the conclusion is that the Bitung City Government must maintain the aid policy for the long term by making a Mayor Regulation Consider the number of high school dropout communities and the limitations of the community learning activity center itself.

Factors influencing the intention of financial managers to conduct whistleblowing action (A study on the Government of Kotamobagu City)

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the intention of financial managers to engage in whistleblowing within the Kotamobagu City Government. Using an associative quantitative research method, data were collected via questionnaires. The population for this study comprises financial managers within the Kotamobagu City Government. Data analysis was conducted using partial least squares (PLS) to determine the influence of each variable on the intention on whistleblowing. The results indicate that whistleblower protection, ethical judgment, and organizational commitment have a positive and significant impact on the intention of financial managers to engage in whistleblowing. Conversely, ethical climate, locus of control, level of seriousness of wrongdoing, and status of wrongdoer do not show significant effects. The variables of gender, age, and tenure also do not significantly influence whistleblowing intentions. These findings suggest that adequate protection for whistleblowers, good ethical judgment, and strong organizational commitment can encourage financial managers to report illegal or unethical actions. This study is expected to contribute to the development of government policies and organizational practices that support a conducive environment for whistleblowing and provide protection for whistleblowers.

Partisipasi Masyarakat Pada Pelaksanaan Program Pembangunan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (Probebaya) Terhadap Proses Pembangunan di Kecamatan Sungai Kunjang Kota Samarinda

This research aims to find out what form of community participation in the Probebaya program is for development in Sungai Kunjang District, Samarinda City. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method through an observation and interview approach to informants. The Probebaya program, which began in 2021, is a forum for the community to increase participation in development in the City area. Probebaya is a program of the Samarinda City Government to carry out community development activities at the Village level based in the RT area as an effort to realize the ability and independence of the community in infrastructure development, community economic and social improvement. The implementation of Probebaya in the Sungai Kunjang District area runs with high participation from the community, this can all be seen from the level of community participation in the Development Planning Deliberation (Musrenbang) at the Rukun Tetangga (RT) level to the Village Musrenbang level. The community in each Rukun Tetangga (RT) is gathered in a community group called (Pokmas), where this Pokmas will carry out development and community empowerment projects. The participation that is established within the scope of Pokmas can be seen starting from the planning stage, making RAB, implementation to reporting to the utilization of work results. Probebaya is present in order to develop, mobilize and encourage community participation in regional development. The level of community participation from this program is going well with the full support of every element involved, such as the involvement of related agencies and agencies, NGOs, business actors or private parties in the city area, and of course the community who is the subject of this program. The Probebaya program directly has a significant impact on development in the region, especially in areas that have never received financial assistance during the previous Mayor's administration.

Can Mega Sporting Events Promote Urban Green Transformation? Evidence from China

With the adoption of the concept of sustainable development, mega sports events (MSEs) are gradually aiming to be greener and to lower their carbon footprints. As such, does the hosting of MSEs provide an opportunity for urban green transformation? Taking MSEs in China as a quasi-natural experiment and using prefecture-level panel data from 2000 to 2020, we empirically explored the effects and mechanisms of MSE hosting on the green economic development in urban areas by applying a time-varying difference-in-differences (DID) approach. The findings revealed that the hosting of MSEs can significantly increase the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of the host city, indicating that MSEs promote the green transformation of urban areas. The results of the mechanism analysis showed that hosting MSEs promotes urban green transformation through three channels: encouraging residents to choose public transport, promoting the development of the digital economy, and upgrading of the industrial structure. In addition, the effect of hosting MSEs on green transformation is stronger in cities where the public is more concerned about the environment. We argue that host city governments should implement the concept of green sports when organizing MSEs, increase public concern about the environment, focus on the development of urban public services, and vigorously develop tertiary industries to drive urban green transformations.

Institutional Failures in Decentralization: Insight from Batam, Indonesia

Batam’s development began in 1970 by the Batam Authority (now called BP Batam) and was projected as an industrial area. At that time, Batam was transformed into a city with growth above the average national economic growth. Yet, the contrasting situation occurred after the implementation of regional autonomy in Batam. The presence of the Batam City Government as an executor of regional autonomy has a very strong legal and political position. Therefore, this paper focuses on institutional failures which have implications for the decline of the economy during the decentralized era. The methodology used in this research is descriptive exploratory, which extracts information from primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained using surveys and interviews with expert informants. The data was analyzed using the Delphi method and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results of the study showed that the problem was institutional dualism between the Batam City Government and BP Batam, which had implications for legal uncertainty. The Delphi method resulted in recommendations for the Free Trade Zone (FTZ), Special Economic Zones (SEZ), and the implementation of special autonomy in Batam. Meanwhile, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method resulted in a finding that special autonomy was the best policy choice. The concept of asymmetric decentralization based on economics is a possible model of special autonomy. However, in its implementation, further stages are needed to prepare a special law regarding the substance of specialization given to Batam.

Factors Affecting the Inclusive and Sustainable Development of The Creative Economy in Semarang City

The Covid-19 pandemic has precipitated a shift in business transactions from offline to online, presenting opportunities for growth in Semarang City's creative economy sectors such as Applications and Games, Music, Culinary, Fashion, and Crafts. Despite these opportunities, the development of the creative economy in Semarang City appears fragmented and lacks clear direction, compounded by challenges in accessing comprehensive development data. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the inclusive and sustainable development of Semarang City's creative economy. Utilizing primary data from direct surveys and Focus Group Discussions (FGD), alongside secondary data from Semarang City's regional government and the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), this research employs the Partial Least Squares (PLS) Analysis Method to analyze these factors. Findings reveal significant ongoing development across Semarang City's creative industries, with culinary (22.9%), music (20.8%), product design (7.08%), fashion (9.91%), and crafts (9.2%) emerging as key subsectors. The study identifies academician and government support as directly influencing the competitive advantage of Semarang City's creative economy, while private sector, community, and media involvement show indirect effects. The model proposes that a collaborative approach involving academicians, government, private sector, community, and media—a Penta Helix framework—is crucial for fostering further growth and mobilizing Semarang City's creative economy.

Analisis Perencanaan Pembangunan Jaringan Fiber Optik pada Pemerintahan Kota Palembang

To communicate and share data, the Palembang city government's regional apparatus work unit (SKPD) office requires an immediate internet connection. The SKPD office is still using various internet service providers (ISPs) at this time, so any network issues won't be fixed immediately by the previous ISP. To resolve this issue, a separate network infrastructure centered in the Palembang mayor's office is required. The Palembang city government will be able to control the network because the SKPD offices will be able to communicate with one another and share data as a result of this.. The organization foundation that will be utilized is fiber optics, since fiber optics have a high web access speed, and have a steady sign so information move will be quicker, more successful and furthermore productive. This study employs the NDLC method, which is a method for building a computer network

Pengaruh Dimensi Budaya Nasional Hofstede terhadap Kinerja Pegawai dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan di Pemerintah Kota Kupang

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of Hofstede's national cultural dimensions in the form of power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, feminism, and long term organization on employee performance in financial management in the Kupang City Government. This type of research is based on the characteristics of the research variables using survey research. By using a correlative associative quantitative approach (causal/cause and effect). The research results show that the variables power distance, individualism, masculinity, long term organization have a positive and significant effect on employee performance in financial management. Meanwhile, the uncertainty advoidance variable has a positive and insignificant effect on employee performance in financial management in the Kupang City Government.

Analisis Tarif Suroboyo Bus dengan Metode Willingness To Pay dan BOK

Public transportation in big cities is very important in carrying out one of its main functions as a carrier for people's movements. For this reason, the Surabaya City Government has operationalized the Suroboyo bus, so it is necessary to conduct research to determine whether the current payment method complies with the Vehicle Operational Cost (BOK) regulations. The method used in this research is Willingness To Pay (WTP). After doing the calculations, the Willingness To Pay (WTP) value on weekdays is Rp. 4,751. This condition indicates that the current tariff for using plastic waste bottles is equivalent to Rp. 5000 so that it is still feasible or in accordance with the Willingness To Pay of Suroboyo Bus passengers. The amount of vehicle operating costs (BOK) incurred by Suroboyo Bus is Rp. 2,982 according to standard regulations of the Surabaya City Transportation Service. In terms of service users, the Suroboyo Bus fare of IDR 5,000 is also not considered burdensome or expensive because the difference between the WTP and the applied rate is not large.

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Konsistensi Perencanaan dan Penganggaran pada Pemerintah Kota Kupang dengan Komitmen Organisasi sebagai Variabel Mediasi

The objective of this study is to comprehend the Kupang City Government's overall budget participation, planning and budgeting rules, opportunistic behaviour, consistency of planning and budgeting, and organisational commitment. Additionally, the study intends to assess the impact of budget participation, planning and budgeting regulations, opportunistic behaviour, and organisational commitment on organisational commitment. Finally, it seeks to ascertain whether these factors significantly affect the consistency of planning and budgeting in the Kupang City Government. This study also seeks to ascertain if organisational commitment acts as a mediating factor in the relationship between the consistency of planning and budgeting and budget participation, planning and budgeting laws, and opportunistic behaviour.The Kupang City Government's State Civil Apparatus (ASN) constitutes the study's population. Specifically, 114 ASN are actively involved in planning, budgeting, and reporting activities across all regional apparatuses. The SmartPLS programme is used for data analysis.The variables of budget participation, planning and budgeting regulations, opportunistic behaviour, and consistency of planning and budgeting in the Kupang City Government fall into the good category, according to the results of the descriptive statistical analysis, while organisational commitment is in the quite good range. Path analysis shows that organisational commitment, opportunistic behaviour, and budget involvement all significantly affect how consistently planning and budgeting occur. Regulating planning and budgeting, however, does not much affect how consistently planning and budgeting are done.While opportunistic behaviour does not significantly affect organisational commitment, budget participation and planning and budgeting requirements are proven to have a considerable impact. Additionally, the impact of budget participation and planning and budgeting regulations on the consistency of planning and budgeting is significantly mitigated by organisational commitment; however, the impact of opportunistic behaviour on the same is not significantly mitigated.

Towards Evidence-Based Food Safety Governance with Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) Technology in China.

Pesticide residues in food pose significant risks to public health and have long been a major concern in Chinese cities. The management of these risks is influenced by various factors, including the characteristics of responsible officials. This study tests the relationship between the levels of pesticide residues and the responsible officials' interdisciplinary backgrounds and their tenure cycles, which is crucial for improving food safety governance in Chinese cities. Based on wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and data from 32 Chinese cities, it was found that the interdisciplinary backgrounds of officials had a significant negative relationship with urban pesticide residues in wastewater, indicating that the interdisciplinary knowledge background or working experience of officials in food safety-related agencies was associated with the supervision and control of urban pesticide residues. This study also generated evidence-based knowledge on how to improve food safety through assigning younger and interdisciplinary officials to the responsible governmental agencies, where WBE is more likely to be adopted.

Problematika Produk Hukum Daerah Terkait Perizinan di Pemerintah Kota Jambi

Implementation of Jambi City Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2010 concerning the Implementation of One-Stop Integrated Services (PTSP), is currently no longer relevant to the dynamics of changing times and the contents of the Regional Regulation do not contain a chapter that regulates supervision as regulated in Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 25 of 2021 concerning DPMPTSP and BKPM Regulation Number 2 of 2021 concerning Guidelines and Procedures for Supervising Risk-Based Business Licensing. This study explains the implementation of legal products related to licensing in Jambi City Government, the problems of legal products related to licensing in Jambi City Government and the impact of the implementation of legal products related to licensing in Jambi City Government.

Efektivitas Ketentuan Insentif dan Disinsentif Terkait Perizinan Pemanfaatan Ruang Pada Zona Perdagangan dan Jasa Berdasarkan Perda Nomor 5 Tahun 2012 Tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2011 – 2031

Even though the Regional Regulation on the Regional RTRW of Sungai Banyak City has been stipulated, the use of existing space is not yet in accordance with the plans that have been determined. This is indicated by the fact that the building does not meet the building construction requirements for both KDB, GSB and KDH. Provisions on Incentives and Disincentives Related to Licensing for Space Utilization in Trade and Service Zones based on the Regional Regulation on the RTRW of Sungai Banyak City have not been implemented effectively, this can be seen from the 182 Building Approvals that have been issued by the Sungai Full City Government from 2021 to 2023, they are not implemented provisions for incentives and disincentives for controlling space utilization. Factors that become obstacles include the fact that the Regional Regulation has not yet been established, there is still a lack of Satpol PP members, the facilities and infrastructure are still not complete, the community's legal awareness is still low, and people are building houses using the process of adjunct direction from traditional institutions. The efforts made by the Regional Government of Sungai Banyak City to overcome these obstacles include drafting the Draft Regional Regulation on the RTRW Revision, proposing additional members of the Civil Service Police Unit, maximizing honorary personnel, procuring facilities and infrastructure, socializing the Regional Regulation on Spatial Planning to the community, collaborating with traditional institutions in the planning process , utilization and control of the spatial planning of Sungai Banyak City.

The Influence of Road Distribution in Ambon City on the Availability of Access to Public Cemetery Routes

This research aims to reveal the system and management of the Batu Merah Public Cemetery (TPU) in Ambon City, assess the condition of the road distribution in the Batu Merah TPU, and formulate strategies for managing the Batu Merah TPU in Ambon City. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method. The research variables include the principles of public cemetery arrangement as explained by Hutauruk (2010), involving key components such as: 1) Burial Plots (Space Arrangement, Identification, and Numbering), 2) Vegetation Elements (Gardens, Trees, and Plant Selection), 3) Pedestrian Paths (Accessibility and Lighting). Data collection methods in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. The population in this research context refers to all objects related to the research problem. The population includes all individual cases and various phenomena within the Kebun Cengkeh TPU area. This includes the TPU management structure, existing graves, and the surrounding community associated with the public cemetery. A well-managed Public Cemetery (TPU) will have a positive impact on the community by fulfilling the need for burial spaces. Conversely, if the TPU is not well-organized and managed, it can have negative impacts such as environmental pollution. In Ambon City, the TPU can no longer accommodate more burials. The Ambon City Government needs to immediately realize the provision of new land and manage the TPU well so that community needs are met and social issues do not arise. The Ambon City Government also needs to establish Regional Regulations on the Arrangement and Management of Public Cemeteries to serve as official guidelines in managing TPUs in the city

The Effectiveness Of Government Work Through The Dit-Polairud Polda Central Kalimantan As A Public Servant In Increasing Community Satisfaction At The Tourism Object Of Raja Tumbang Rungan Special Hall, Pahandut District, Central Kalimantan

Public services are one of the basic needs of society. One of the government's ways of providing public services to the community is through the presence of the Polairud Directorate. The Raja Tumbang Rungan Sacred Hall tourist attraction is a tourist attraction in the Pahandut District of Central Kalimantan which was inaugurated by the Central Kalimantan Regional Police Chief, however the existence of this tourist attraction is still less popular with tourists due to the lack of tourism promotion and the lack of tourism management managed by the government. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the government's work through the Central Kalimantan Regional Police's Directorate of Police and Police and the obstacles faced as a Public Servant in increasing community satisfaction at the Raja Tumbang Rungan Sacred Hall tourist attraction, Pahandut District, Central Kalimantan. Mixed Method Research approach. Descriptive research type. The population is all 490 people who visited. The sample was 83 people using accidental sampling technique. The informants used purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques as many as 3 people. Data collection uses questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis uses descriptive tests presented in the form of frequency distribution and narrative. The research results showed that 38 people (45.8%) said it was effective. The obstacles experienced by the Dit Polairud Polda Central Kalimantan as a Public Servant are poor infrastructure, be it offices, roads, etc., poor people, low level of education. For the Palangka Raya City Government to carry out economic rehabilitation in this area, by utilizing all the potential of the Tumbang Rungan sub-district by empowering the local community and stimulated by the Palangka Raya City Government.

Persepsi dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Terhadap Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga melalui TPS 3R Sulur Berkah dan Makmur Jaya di Kota Jambi

One of the waste reduction efforts carried out by the Jambi City Government is the provision of 3R TPS. The reduction target set by the government until 2030 is 30%. Community participation is really needed to reduce and/or handle waste in an environmentally sound manner, including efforts to sort waste from the source. Waste sorting that is not carried out at the source can result in mixed waste and reduce the economic value of recycled waste. Apart from that, sufficient human resources and a long time are needed to sort the waste at TPS 3R, while the residue must be immediately transported to the TPA so as not to cause a bad smell and discomfort for local residents. Internal conflicts at TPS 3R regarding financial management and several other things resulted in TPS 3R not functioning according to its function. The aim of this research is to examine community perceptions and participation in household waste management through TPS 3R Sulur Berkah and Makmur Jaya in Jambi City. The research method used is descriptive analysis and the main data collection tool is a questionnaire. The research instrument uses a Likert scale with 4 (four) response options. The research results show that 100% of respondents have a positive perception of household waste management through TPS 3R. However, only 62% have high participation in household waste management, the remaining 38% of respondents have low participation.

Use of Natural Language Processing to understand users’ perspective on the Art Places/Places of Interest in Global Cities Singapore and Hong Kong

The Art Places/Places of Interest (POI) are increasingly important for Singapore and Hong Kong in their bid to be Global Cities. The design and operation of such Art Places are often led by the museum owners, city government and panel of experts from a top down approach, as well as funded by national governments for public benefit as part of long-term planning. The inputs from the actual users are often neglected. Public participation in Art Places/POI is often limited by individual visits and interactions. The diverse views and feedback on the design and operation of Art Places are difficult to capture accurately. In order to understand the perceptions of the users, extensive and expensive surveys and interviews need to be undertaken. Despite this, there is still a challenge of selection bias and interpretation bias. This paper explores the use of technology and big data to understand the similarities and differences between well-liked and disappointing areas of Art Places/POI in Singapore and Hong Kong. Public reviews on Art Places/POI in Singapore and Hong Kong will be examined using Natural Language Processing tools including the prevalent topic modelling method, namely Latent Dirichlet Allocation. The study revealed common strengths and weaknesses among artistic venues in Singapore and Hong Kong. “Place and experience” emerged as a common strength, while “price and content” were identified as a shared weakness. Singapore’s Art Places were distinguished by a unique strength in their “kid-friendly element,” whereas Hong Kong excelled in “food and shopping.” However, Singapore faced a unique weakness in “racial enclaves,” whereas Hong Kong’s distinctive weakness lay in “service.” These insights can aid urban planners and operators in comprehending and addressing areas of improvement highlighted by negative reviews, thereby enhancing overall performance.