Citation Habits Research Articles

The Lexical and Syntactical Calque superaedificare in the Latin Tradition of the New Testament Epistles

Abstract The prefixed verb superaedificare, which is a calque of ἐποικοδοµέω, governs prepositional phrases and plain cases in the Latin New Testament Epistles. The Vulgate and Old Latin manuscripts feature constructions of superaedificare in agreement with the Greek source text. However, alternative translations are attested when the biblical text is cited by early Christian writers. In citations where the biblical passage is included in the author’s text, aedificare is frequently used instead of superaedificare. By contrast, when the biblical text is quoted for the first time and its source is acknowledged, superaedificare is employed and its construction matches that of the Greek text. These citation habits show that the construction of superaedificare is a syntactical calque of the Greek source text, which is attested when the citations are marked as such but is not used when the biblical text is embedded in the patristic text.

Modeling the obsolescence of research literature in disciplinary journals through the age of their cited references

There are different citation habits in the research fields that influence the obsolescence of the research literature. We analyze the distinctive obsolescence of research literature in disciplinary journals in eight scientific subfields based on cited references distribution, as a synchronous approach. We use both negative binomial (NB) and Poisson distributions to capture this obsolescence. The corpus being examined is published in 2019 and covers 22,559 papers citing 872,442 references. Moreover, three measures to analyze the tail of the distribution are proposed: (i) cited reference survival rate, (ii) cited reference mortality rate, and (iii) cited reference percentile. These measures are interesting because the tail of the distribution collects the behavior of the citations at the time when the document starts to get obsolete in the sense that it is little cited (used). As main conclusion, the differences observed in obsolescence are so important even between disciplinary journals in the same subfield, that it would be necessary to use some measure for the tail of the citation distribution, such as those proposed in this paper, when analyzing in an appropriate way the long time impact of a journal.

Disseminating Intention: How a term has spread within cross-species comparative science.

The current study takes a holistic view of cross-species comparative research and investigates the dissemination of the term intention as representative of the so-called "cognitive revolution." All references from 641 articles, published from 1948 to 2017, are used to analyze a citation network. The analysis visualizes and identifies prominent articles in the scientific debate and locates them structurally on a map. Each article is categorized in terms of the school of thought, its position within the discourse (e.g., opposing, supporting), the order of intentionality (e.g., 1st or 2nd order), and the species under consideration. By using a mixed-methods approach, which combines qualitative and quantitative methods, we identified 2 divergent schools of thought (psychological/philosophical and biological/behavioristic). Both schools introduced intention mostly independently from each other and show little overlap in citation habits. Both notions of intention have influenced comparative science until today. However, although the term finds limited application in various schools, only in connection with more cognitive approaches has it enjoyed a successful career, as indicated by the increasing number of articles in which it is used. Most controversy does not surround the concept of intention itself but its order. Furthermore, taking account of which species are investigated could reveal a pronounced primate bias in past discourse. Articles on nonprimate species using the term intention in the cognitive sense are markedly outnumbered by those on primates. The study reminds comparative psychologists of the importance to integrate a historical perspective into current debates, to avoid "speciesism" and talking past each other. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Grey Literature: Use, Creation, and Citation Habits of Faculty Researchers across Disciplines

INTRODUCTION Grey literature is ephemeral, and the level to which it is created, used, and cited by faculty, graduate students, and other researchers is not well understood. METHODS This electronic survey was distributed to a sample (57%) of the faculty across a wide variety of disciplines with the only criteria based on tenure and tenure-track faculty at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities, a large R1 institution. RESULTS Faculty across disciplines both use and create grey literature for several reasons, including its far more rapid publication process. DISCUSSION Many faculty in a wide variety of disciplines are using and creating grey literature. The survey illustrates the different types of grey literature that are being used and for what purpose. Other topics, such as how faculty are finding grey literature (via Google Scholar and professional contacts), whether they are citing it, and which types they create (e.g., conference papers, preprints, technical reports) are also discussed. CONCLUSION As a result of this survey, librarians can provide support for faculty who use and create grey literature in all disciplines and advocate for and promote grey literature to faculty. With more scholars participating in systematic reviews of grey literature, librarians will need to be more cognizant of where and how it may be discovered.

Study on the research evolution of Nobel laureates 2018 based on self-citation network

PurposeScience is a continuum of experiences consisting of authors and their publications, and the authors’ experience is an integral part of their work that gets reflected through self-citations. Thus, self-citations can be employed in measuring the relevance between publications and tracking the evolution of research. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachBased on the bibliographic data obtained from Scopus, this study constructs and visualizes the self-citation networks of ten Nobel laureates 2018, in the fields of Physiology or Medicine, Physics, Chemistry and Economic Science, to demonstrate the evolving process of each laureate’s research across his or her scholarly career.FindingsStatistics indicate that prominent scientists, such as Nobel laureates, have also frequently cited their own publications. However, their self-cited rates are quite low. Self-citations constitute an indispensable part of the citation system but contribute little to authors’ scientific impact, regardless of artificial self-citations. Self-citation networks present a trajectory that shows the evolving process of research across a scientist’s long-term scholarly career. There are obvious differences in self-citation patterns and network structures of different laureates without a disciplinary difference observed. The structures of self-citation networks are significantly influenced by laureates’ productivity. In addition, it is laureates’ own research patterns and citation habits that lead to the diversified patterns and structures of self-citation networks.Research limitations/implicationsOnly scientific achievements presented in the form of publications are investigated and other kinds of scientific output, such as patents, are not included. Moreover, this approach is fit for scientists who have had a longer career and higher productivity.Originality/valueThis study proves the feasibility and effectiveness of self-citation analysis as a new way to examine research evolution.

Towards More Liable Use of Internet Sources among University Students: Rethinking Teacher’s Routine Evaluation Methods

Within the flow of information of today’s digital learning environment, university students’ ill-informed use of external electronic sources negatively affects the quality of their academic writing. While sanctions represent but the final disciplinary measure, university teachers’ pre-empting such academic misconduct before the final year project remains a necessity. This paper proposes a reconsideration of the teacher’s routine evaluation methods to promote good study skills, and thus high quality teaching and learning. Drawing on a personal teaching experience (in the department of English of Saida University), the paper suggests simple methods through which students routinely practise sound referencing. Preliminary observational data that triggered the topic of the present paper consist of samples of students’ internet-based assignments and project papers with missing references. Additional notes generated from classroom discussions with post-graduate Master students about (un)intentional plagiarism represent the insider student perspective of its causes. Initial findings reveal that student-submitted non-referenced work was not only due to poor time management, paraphrasing, or note taking skills but also to modelling poor citation habits (illustrated in the academic genres they were exposed to in their formal learning environment, such as PowerPoint presentations, class notes, hand-outs, and so on). The paper concludes with the necessity to raise teachers’ awareness to the importance of providing a good model of well-referenced teaching materials and learning supports as the initial step. Other practical methods consist of constantly checking students’ work for missing references, asking them to resubmit their work with requisite paraphrasing, as well as giving scores for correct referencing.

Towards more Liable Use of Internet Sources among University Students: Rethinking Teacher’s Routine Evaluation Methods

Within the flow of information of today’s digital learning environment, university students’ ill-informed use of external electronic sources negatively affects the quality of their academic writing. While sanctions represent but the final disciplinary measure, university teachers’ pre-empting such academic misconduct before the final year project remains a necessity. This paper proposes a reconsideration of the teacher’s routine evaluation methods to promote good study skills, and thus high quality teaching and learning. Drawing on a personal teaching experience (in the department of English of Saida University), the paper suggests simple methods through which students routinely practise sound referencing. Preliminary observational data that triggered the topic of the present paper consist of samples of students’ internet-based assignments and project papers with missing references. Additional notes generated from classroom discussions with post-graduate Master students about (un)intentional plagiarism represent the insider student perspective of its causes. Initial findings reveal that student-submitted non-referenced work was not only due to poor time management, paraphrasing, or note taking skills but also to modelling poor citation habits (illustrated in the academic genres they were exposed to in their formal learning environment, such as PowerPoint presentations, class notes, hand-outs, and so on). The paper concludes with the necessity to raise teachers’ awareness to the importance of providing a good model of well-referenced teaching materials and learning supports as the initial step. Other practical methods consist of constantly checking students’ work for missing references, asking them to resubmit their work with requisite paraphrasing, as well as giving scores for correct referencing.

Using Scopus to Evaluate the Citation Habits of a "Real World" Academic Department (An Update to Prior Research)

In 2012, this author published a paper describing a method for using the raw data from Web of Science to examine the journals cited by any given group of researchers and then compare that list to lists of 'top journals' of similar disciplines. It was not a straightforward method to use and required a great deal of effort and spreadsheet work by a user in order to properly deploy. Since that time, the Scopus database has made available a workflow that vastly simplifies -- and, indeed, improves -- this process. In this paper, a method of using Scopus to generate expanded lists of highly cited journals within specific research communities and the comparison of those with published lists of journals for similar disciplines is described. The value of finding these top-cited journals in research communities may be useful to librarians making collection development decisions.

Citation Patterns of Engineering, Statistics, and Computer Science Researchers: An Internal and External Citation Analysis across Multiple Engineering Subfields

This study takes a multidimensional approach to citation analysis, examining citations in multiple subfields of engineering, from both scholarly journals and doctoral dissertations. The three major goals of the study are to determine whether there are differences between citations drawn from dissertations and those drawn from journal articles; to test a methodology incorporating both internal and external citation sources; and to explore the citation habits of researchers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subfields. The results reveal variations in how STEM subfields conduct research in career and academic settings and are more nuanced than internal or external citation data alone can provide. The results have practical collection development implications.

Are physicists afraid of mathematics?

A recent study claimed that heavy use of equations impedes communication among biologists, as measured by the ability to attract citations from peers. It was suggested that to increase the probability of being cited one should reduce the density of equations in papers, that equations should be moved to appendices, and that math training among biologists should be improved. Here, we report a detailed study of the citation habits among physicists, a community that has traditionally strong training and dependence on mathematical formulations. Is it possible to correlate statistical citation patterns and fear of mathematics in a community whose work strongly depends on equations? By performing a systematic analysis of the citation counts of papers published in one of the leading journals in physics covering all its disciplines, we find striking similarities with distribution of citations recorded in biological sciences. However, based on the standard deviations in citation data of both communities, biologists and physicists, we argue that trends in statistical indicators are not reliable to unambiguously blame mathematics for the existence or lack of citations. We digress briefly about other statistical trends that apparently would also enhance citation success.

Hábitos de publicación y citación según campos científicos: Principales diferencias a partir de las revistas JCR

Journals’ impact indicators are not comparable among scientific fields because of systematic differences in publication and citation habits. In this work, the impact factor was decomposed into five independent variables, as applied to journal category, fields, and areas considered in the databases of the leading provider of science indicators, Thomson Reuters . A Principal Component Analysis was employed to find the sources of the variance and a Cluster Analysis was used to detect similarities. In spite of systematic differences between disciplines, the principal components explain 78% of the total variance. From the statistical point of view, some categories of Science are closer to the Social Sciences than to Science and vice versa.

Silence is Golden: Using a 'Silent Scrolling Powerpoint' Series to Enhance Your Course Dynamic

This article explores the use of an alternative teaching tool in a law school classroom as a method of inspiring law students and prompting excited engagement in both the underlying course and the legal profession. The author, a seven-year Legal Research & Writing Professor, first explains how she has used the automatic advance feature in Microsoft PowerPoint to create a semester series of weekly “Silent Scrolling PowerPoints,” 5 to 7 minutes in length, on a variety of topics of interest and inspiration to her first-year law students. She then summarizes the six benefits observed while experimenting with this tool over a three year period, including a sustained and enthusiastic engagement by the students, a weekly opportunity to model good organization, clear writing, and professional citation habits, and a creative and motivating outlet for the professor. As part of the article, she also examines the pedagogical benefits of the silent delivery method, suggests ways in which this tool could be used by a professor teaching any law-related course, and includes her Fall semester “Silent Scroll” playlist to illustrate the types of topics that work well in this format because they resonate with students and professors alike.

Using ISI Web of Science to Compare Top-Ranked Journals to the Citation Habits of a "Real World" Academic Department.

Quantitative measurements can be used to yield lists of top journals for individual fields. However, these lists represent assessments of the entire "universe" of citation. A much more involved process is needed if the goal is to develop a nuanced picture of what a specific group of authors, such as an academic department, is citing. This article presents a method for using ISI Web of Science in conjunction with spreadsheet management to compare lists of top journals from ISI and Eigenfactor with the journal titles that a list of authors are citing in their own publications. The resulting data can be used in collection development, departmental contacts, and in assessing the research interests of an academic department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las apropiaciones académicas y los indicadores de impacto

.

Some remarks on the genesis of scalar-tensor theories

Between 1941 and 1962, scalar-tensor theories of gravitation were suggested four times by different scientists in four different countries. The earliest originator, the Swiss mathematician W. Scherrer, was virtually unknown until now whereas the chronologically latest pair gave their names to a multitude of publications on Brans–Dicke theory. P. Jordan, one of the pioneers of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, and Y. Thiry, known by his book on celestial mechanics, a student of the mathematician Lichnerowicz, complete the quartet. Diverse motivations for and conceptual interpretations of their theories will be discussed as well as relations among them. Also, external factors like language, citation habits, or closeness to the mainstream are considered. It will become clear why Brans–Dicke theory, although structurally a déjà-vu, superseded all the other approaches.

What lies behind the averages and significance of citation indicators in different disciplines?

The limitations of citation-based indicators include a lack of coverage, no normalization with respect to the length of reference lists (with a potential bias in favour of reviews), and different citation habits. As a consequence, the distributions of the indicators are not comparable across different disciplines. Here we show that the most popular journal citation indicators used in quality assessment — the journal impact factors of Thomson Scientific and the scientific journal rankings of Scopus — are strongly correlated with the proportion of within-database references, and even more so with the number of within-database recent references per paper. No significant correlations were found with other bibliometric magnitudes. We anticipate that these results will be a starting point for more sophisticated indicator models that take this dependence into account, and for the design of strategies aimed at extending such bibliometric databases as Thomson Scientific’s Science Citation Index or Elsevier’s Scopus to improve their capacity to evaluate all sciences.

Hot rhetorics and cool reality: A contribution to the testing of the general sociometric-scientometric hypothesis

The background of the extremely hostile rhetoric of a small group of local ethnologists in their alleged criticism of using scientometrics in research evaluation in Serbia was studied using publicly available data. Assuming absurdity of the 'criticism' is self-evident, the study was focused around their latent motivation, rather than manifest content of the accusations. Taking as starting point the position of person who was recognized as the inspirer of 'criticism', the citation network of sociocognitively related authors was identified and mapped by using multidimensional scaling. Network partitioning based on successive introduction of various criteria resulted in four groups with centrally positioned Core, containing Hard Core in the middle. Citation rate and citation habits of the Hard Core, were analyzed in comparison with other network groups and suitable controls. To complete the Core portrait, methodological character of the papers appearing in a journal they mainly publish in, as well as the content of the university methodological syllabi they are responsible for, was analyzed, also comparatively. The results revealed the explosive growth of the citation rate of the group, particularly evident for the Hard Core. The growth is based on excessive (instrumental, manipulative) mutual citation exchange, taking mostly place in the two journals published by the group's affiliated institution. The two prominent group members making Hard Core and profiting most from overcitation, who are at the same time the 'critics' of scientometrics, are found to be indulged also in other forms of misconduct, characteristic of social climbers inflating their research performance. Based on the results, a few hypothetical explanations for their fabricated criticism were offered. Regardless of the viability of these explanations the results suggest that citation behavior can be motivated by social group reasons, supporting general scientometric-sociometric hypothesis, and jeopardizing citation rate as an indicator. On the other hand, the methods used show that such misbehaviors are detectable, while their ill consequences are manageable.

Impact of an Information Retrieval and Management Curriculum on Medical Student Citations

Increasingly, schools have integrated evidence-based medicine into their curricula. Most efforts focus on critical appraisal of literature rather than information retrieval and management (IRAM) skills. We implemented two versions of an IRAM curriculum (workshop alone and workshop with librarian visit) and evaluated their effectiveness. First-year medical students in a problem-based learning course researched six learning issues (LIs). We compared the number and completeness of LI citations of students receiving a Workshop/Librarian or a Workshop intervention with those of a control group. A total of 2,415 LIs containing 6,717 citations from 429 students were scored. Among the Workshop/Librarian, Workshop, and control groups, respectively, the percentage of LIs without citations was 9.3%, 11.0%, and 14.0%, the percentage of citations with complete documentation was 64.9%, 61.0%, and 29.4%, and the frequency of citing primary articles was 24.7%, 13.2%, and 18.8% (P < .05). An IRAM curriculum that includes a workshop plus librarian participation produced the best student citation habits.

Estudio comparativo de seis dominios científicos nacionales

This work analyses the area of materials science. Materials science has existed since the earliest civilizations. The development and evolution of societies has been intimately linked to the ability of their members to produce and shape materials to meet their needs. However, materials science has only recently been established as a recognised academic discipline, a consequence of the agglomeration of different areas of science. The citation habits and scientograms associated with this field could therefore be related to the scientific tradition and culture of each country. In this study, the citation networks of six of the most developed countries in the year 2002 were examined using a new technique that graphically represents these networks as scientograms. The technique makes use of cocitation between topic categories of the JCR to generate a network of categories which is graphically represented. The scientograms obtained, which represent the citation networks of each country examined, reflect the cultures of the different nations studied.

Creation of journal-based publication profiles of scientific institutions — A methodology for the interdisciplinary comparison of scientific research based on the J-factor

A form of normalisation is presented for the evaluation of citation data on multidisciplinary research. This method is based on the existing classification according to the publishing journals and not on the classification of output according to ISI subject categories. A publication profile is created for each institution to be investigated. This profile accounts for the weight of publications in a journal, represented by the number of publications as a proportion of the total output of the institution. In accordance with this weight, the citation rate of each journal is compared to a qualified relative indicator. The final result is a relative citation rate J, which is the relative perception of the performance of an institution accounting for its publication and citation habits and makes a transdisciplinary comparison possible.