Citation Index Research Articles

Evolution of agricultural carbon emission research in China: a historical analysis and emerging trends

Agricultural activities constitute the second-largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Proactively mitigating agricultural carbon emissions is crucial for safeguarding the ecological en-vironment, improving agricultural productivity, and fostering long-term ecological sustainability. This paper employs bibliometric analysis to examine the research status, hot topics, and devel-opment trends of agricultural carbon emissions in China over the past 2 decades. Based on Citespace software, the study primarily conducts visual analysis on 660 academic articles on ag-ricultural carbon emissions collected from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) between 2001 and May 2023, including publications indexed in Peking University Chinese Core Journals (PKU Core), Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index and Chinese Science Citation Database. The analysis covers publication quantity, author cooperation, institution cooperation, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, keyword burst, keyword timeline, and keyword timezone. Research results indicate: (1) From the annual publication volume changes perspective, research on China’s agricultural carbon emissions demonstrates a rapid upward trend in the new era, with increasing research interest. (2) The core net-work of research authors has been established, primarily concentrated in agricultural and forestry universities, and the core network of institutions in this field is gradually forming. However, collaboration networks between authors and research institutions are relatively dispersed, necessitating strengthened collaboration among institutions. (3) Current research on agricultural carbon emissions predominantly focuses on the challenges of reducing agricultural carbon emissions in China under the “dual carbon” goals, measures, and pathways to achieve agricultural carbon emission reductions; performance evaluation of agricultural carbon emissions, factors affecting these emissions, and their reduction potential; as well as the relationship between agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural economic growth. Future research should delve deeper into the precise accounting of agricultural carbon emissions under the “dual carbon” goals, their underlying mechanisms, and issues related to precise and differentiated agricultural carbon reduction strategies. (4) The development trajectory of domestic agricultural carbon emissions research shows a period of germination from 2001 to 2009, a development stage from 2010 to 2015, and a deepening stage from 2016 to 2023, with a notable increase in publications in 2021, signifying a new upward phase in research output.

Features of diagnostics and therapy of familial Mediterranean fever

The purpose of this work is to attempt to provide an overview of current recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of familial Mediterranean fever, as well as to present our own clinical observation of this pathology. A selective analysis of the literature over the past 5 years (2020-2024) was carried out in the scientometric databases PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and the Russian Science Citation Index (www.elibrary.ru). Current data on the autoinflammatory disease familial Mediterranean fever are reviewed. It is important to understand the fact that this pathological condition can be combined with a wide range of autoimmune diseases. The lack of therapy is dangerous for the development of serious complications (systemic amyloidosis). Attention is drawn to the use of colchicine, as well as in the case of colchicine resistance and insufficient effectiveness of colchicine – IL-1 inhibitors. We present our own clinical observation of this disease with an emphasis on the features of the course and stages of therapy for this pathology. A young man, Armenian, was treated for 3 years due to acute conditions with an increase in body temperature to febrile levels, severe abdominal pain and moderate arthralgia. The conditions were accompanied by leukocytosis and increased CRP, but no signs of acute surgical disease were detected. After a molecular genetic study, the diagnosis of familial Mediterranean fever was verified. Colchicine was prescribed, which helped stop many manifestations of the disease; she has been taking it regularly for 5 years. Currently, episodes of exacerbations have become significantly less frequent, laboratory markers of acute inflammation have normalized, but the use of colchicine in the maximum daily dose causes abdominal discomfort. Rare episodes of exacerbations during treatment suggest insufficient effectiveness of this drug. An option to achieve results in such a situation is to use a class of genetically engineered biological drugs such as IL-1 inhibitors. Familial Mediterranean fever is a rare pathological condition, but doctors of various clinical specialties should be wary of its detection. Achieving treatment success requires constant monitoring of the patient’s condition, prescribing therapy with colchicine or IL-1 inhibitors from the moment of diagnosis.

Global rapid review of interventions to tackle the harms of illicit tobacco

ObjectiveThis review aimed to assess interventions designed to reduce harm from illicit tobacco (IT). We evaluated health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, the advantages and disadvantages of interventions, and contextual factors affecting implementation.Data...

Can we trust LLMs to help us? An examination of the potential use of GPT-4 in generating quality literature reviews

Purpose This study aims to examine the ability of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4), one of the most powerful large language models, to generate a literature review for peer-reviewed journal publications. The objective is to determine whether business scholars can rely on GPT-4’s assistance with literature reviews and how the nature of human–artificial intelligence (AI) interaction may affect the quality of the reviews generated by GPT-4. Design/methodology/approach A survey of 30 experienced researchers was conducted to assess the quality of the literature reviews generated by GPT-4 in comparison with a human-authored literature review published in a Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journal. The data collected were then analyzed with analysis of variance to ascertain whether we may trust GPT-4’s assistance in writing literature reviews. Findings The statistical analysis reveals that when a highly structured approach being used, GPT-4 can generate a high-quality review comparable to that found in an SSCI journal publication. However, when a less structured approach is used, the generated review lacks comprehensive understating and critical analysis, and is unable to identify literature gaps for future research, although it performed well in adequate synthesis and quality writing. The findings suggest that we may trust GPT-4 to generate literature reviews that align with the publication standards of a peer-reviewed journal when using a structured approach to human–AI interaction. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that we may trust GPT-4 to generate literature reviews that align with the publication standards of a peer-reviewed journal when using a structured approach to human–AI interaction. Nonetheless, cautions should be taken due to the limitations of this study discussed in the text. Originality/value By breaking down the specific tasks of a literature review and using a quantitative rather than qualitative assessment method, this study provides robust and more objective findings about the ability of GPT-4 to assist us with a very important research task. The findings of this study should enhance our understanding of how GPT-4 may change our research endeavor and how we may take a full advantage of the advancement in AI technology in the future research.

Short-Cycle Autoclave Sterilization of Instruments in Same-Day Ophthalmic Surgeries

What Is the Issue? The volume of ophthalmic surgeries is increasingly high, with cataract surgery being 1 of the most performed surgeries in Canada. Infections following ophthalmic surgeries, while rare, can cause severe complications that may lead to irreversible vision loss. Reducing postsurgery infections is a high priority in clinical practice. Running a full wrapped, terminal steam sterilization cycle for ophthalmic instruments in autoclaves may be inefficient for ophthalmic surgeries and may cause unnecessary heavy economic and environmental burdens due to high surgical volumes. Using instruments sterilized on a short cycle between sequential same-day ophthalmic surgeries may help improve efficiency and reduce resources used. These instruments are generally processed using autoclaves (i.e., steam sterilizers); the effectiveness of a shorter-cycle method of sterilization is unclear. What Did We Do? To inform decisions regarding the use of autoclaves for short-cycle sterilization for sequential same-day instrument use in ophthalmic surgery, we sought to identify and summarize evidence comparing this method to full-cycle sterilization of wrapped instruments and identify any relevant recommendations. We searched key resources, including journal citation databases, and conducted a focused internet search for relevant evidence published since 2012. One reviewer screened articles for inclusion based on predefined criteria. What Did We Find? In a laboratory setting to simulate sequential same-day procedures, short-cycle sterilization with interrupted dry time for unwrapped ophthalmic instruments is feasibly as effective as full-cycle sterilization for wrapped instruments using the STATIM autoclave. Similarly, short-cycle sterilization with interrupted dry time for contained ophthalmic instruments is feasibly as effective as full-cycle sterilization for contained instruments using the AMSCO autoclave. For sequential same-day ophthalmic procedures, wet instruments sterilized by a short-cycle process with an interrupted dry time can remain sterile for at least 3 minutes if kept in a covered sterilizer containment device. One guideline recommends that wrapped or unwrapped ophthalmic instruments sterilized by a short-cycle process without full drying should be stored in a covered containment device until retrieved by staff wearing sterile gloves and gowns in the operating room for the subsequent surgery after a short delay. Phaco handpieces should be immediately primed with a balanced salt solution and remain wet as they sit on the sterile instrument table. We did not identify any clinical setting evidence from studies or autoclave manufacturers. It is unclear if clinical outcomes differ between patients undergoing sequential same-day ophthalmic surgeries using short-cycle sterilized instruments and those undergoing surgery using full-cycle sterilized instruments. What Does This Mean? Preliminary laboratory evidence and guideline recommendations supporting the use of autoclaves for short-cycle sterilization of instruments for sequential same-day ophthalmic surgeries are available. However, there is no clinical effectiveness evidence available on this process in patient settings. Future research is necessary to understand the clinical safety of using instruments sterilized by short cycles for sequential same-day use for patients undergoing ophthalmic surgeries. In addition to the evidence and recommendations identified, other factors, such as environmental influence, may be useful considerations when making decisions about short-cycle sterilization for sequential same-day instrument use for ophthalmic surgery.

Research Trends in Presurgical Infant Orthopaedic Treatment in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Bibliometric Analysis of 100 Most-Cited Articles.

To assess research trends and publication patterns of literature related to presurgical infant orthopaedics (PSIO) through a bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited articles. The top 100 most-cited articles were identified in the Web of Science (WoS) database using search terms related to PSIO on April 23, 2024, without any restrictions to study design, publication date and language. Standard information about each study was extracted. Citations from WoS, Scopus and PubMed databases were compared. The level of evidence for each article included was assessed. Association between different variables was calculated using Spearman's correlation coefficient with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Visual analysis of the author's keyword co-occurrence, co-authorship analysis of authors, and citation analysis of journals and authors were performed using VOSviewer. Top cited articles were published from 1994 to 2020, with total individual database citations being WoS (n = 5378), Scopus (n = 6184) and PubMed (n = 10 450). Eleven articles were considered classic articles. Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Journal (Impact Factor = 1.1) had a maximum number of articles and citations. Two hundred eighty-five individuals contributed to top-cited articles, with 62 corresponding authors from 19 countries. A maximum number of authors were affiliated with universities in the United States. The most common keyword used was "nasoalveolar molding (n = 24)", "cleft palate (n = 16)", and "infant orthopedics (n = 16)". The study design of the majority of articles was retrospective and follow-up studies (level 3; n = 53). A weak negative correlation was observed between citation metrics and both the publication year (P < 0.01) and the level of evidence (P < 0.01). This analysis recognises the contributions of experts and offers valuable insights into trends that have shaped the development and evidence related to PSIO research. Future research should focus on integrating advanced technologies, conducting longitudinal studies, fostering collaboration, and emphasizing patient-centred outcomes.

Mapping research data landscape in Africa using the Re3data and data citation Index

Despite the efforts made by most African countries in incubating the practice of research data sharing, little is known on the status of the research data sphere in the African landscape. This study was conducted to establish the status of research data and research data repositories (RDRs) in Africa. Specifically, the study intended to identify the country-wise contributions in terms of research data and research data repositories, trends of publication of research data by African countries, content type and the nature of research data repositories hosted by African countries. The study applied the quantitative research approach. The registry of research data repositories (re3data), which is the prominent worldwide registry for the research data repository, and the data citation index (DCI) hosted by the Web of Science were used in this study. Re3data and DCI index research data repositories and datasets respectively, from almost all the countries around the world. The study identified parameters that were extracted from re3data and DCI using the browse and search facilities. The extracted data were recorded into Google Sheets, refined, and analysed using MS Office Excel. The study found little contribution from the African countries regarding research data and research data repositories to re3data and DCI. The study found further that, despite the presence of a few repositories, most of them had restricted access to external users. This study concludes that African countries are still having a lot to do for the research data practices to be fully incubated. The study suggests that governments and other stakeholders should improve the facilitating conditions, including establishing relevant policies and infrastructures for the practice to be fully embraced.

Psychological detachment: a bibliometric investigation within the organization’s behavior domains

Purpose The purpose of this study is to offer insight into present dynamics and study diversification in the field of organizational psychology. This research study offers an organized and critical examination of the construct of psychological detachment using bibliometric analysis. Design/methodology/approach This study was done using the Scopus database based on studies published between 2006 and 2024. The significance of the research is evaluated by looking at the distribution volume, the trajectory of the publication, statistics techniques, extremely cited articles, journals, most frequently used keywords, research themes, subthemes clusters and thematic overview of the psychological detachment corpus created based on bibliographic coupling. Furthermore, content analysis of recent publications to identify new developments and potential gaps in the existing literature. Findings This research first tracked the development of this discipline’s body of literature through time and discovered a continuous rise starting in 2015. The results also highlighted crucial concepts that were studied with psychological detachment, such as work-life balance, employment outcomes, emotional exhaustion and various other demographic variables. Researchers chose to concentrate on those subtopics throughout time. Research limitations/implications This research relied solely on Scopus data, which, despite being the largest abstract and citation database covering articles from a wide range of fields, does not include Impact Factor or Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) data, which is one of the limitation. Practical implications The findings of this research study will assist organizations and practitioners in comprehending the implications of psychological detachment construct at their workplace and give them direction on how they come out from negative job-related outcomes (employee job stress, turnover intention and burnouts at their respective workplaces). Originality/value This study offers a diversity of study topics across the psychological detachment literature by applying a variety of bibliographical mapping techniques, making it the first of its type on the topic of psychological detachment. It also indicates promising avenues for further investigation.

Assistive technologies, including orthotic devices, for the management of contractures in adults after a stroke.

Contractures (reduced range of motion and increased stiffness of a joint) are a frequent complication of stroke. Contractures can interfere with function and cause cosmetic and hygiene problems. Preventing and managing contractures might improve rehabilitation and recovery after stroke. To assess the effects of assistive technologies for the management of contractures in adults after a stroke. We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, five other databases, and three trials registers in May 2022. We also searched for reference lists of relevant studies, contacted experts in the field, and ran forward citation searches. Randomised controlled studies (RCTs) that used electrical, mechanical, or electromechanical devices to manage contractures in adults with stroke were eligible for inclusion in this review. We planned to include studies that compared assistive technologies against no treatment, routine therapy, or another assistive technology. Three review authors (working in pairs) selected all studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. The primary outcomes were passive joint range of motion (PROM) with and without standardised force, and indirect measures of PROM. The secondary outcomes included hygiene. We also wanted to evaluate the adverse effects of assistive technology. Effects were expressed as mean differences (MDs) or standardised mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Five of these were meta-analysed; they included 252 adults treated in acute and subacute rehabilitation settings. All studies compared assistive technology with routine therapy; one study also compared assistive technology with no treatment, but we were unable to obtain separate data for stroke participants. The assistive technologies used in the studies were electrical stimulation, splinting, positioning using a hinged board, and active repetitive motor training using a non-robotic device with electrical stimulation. Only one study applied stretching to end range. Treatment duration ranged from four to 12 weeks. The overall risk of bias was high for all studies. We are uncertain whether: • electrical stimulation to wrist extensors improves passive range of wrist extension (MD -7.30°, 95% CI -18.26° to 3.66°; 1 study, 81 participants; very low-certainty evidence); • a non-robotic device with electrical stimulation to shoulder flexors improves passive range of shoulder flexion (MD -9.00°, 95% CI -25.71° to 7.71°; 1 study; 50 participants; very low-certainty evidence); • assistive technology improves passive range of wrist extension with standardised force (SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.39 to 0.29; four studies, 145 participants; very low-certainty evidence): • a non-robotic device with electrical stimulation to elbow extensors improves passive range of elbow extension (MD 0.41°, 95% CI -0.15° to 0.97°; 1 study, 50 participants; very low-certainty evidence). One study reported the adverse outcome of pain when using a hinged board to apply stretch to wrist and finger flexors, and another study reported skin breakdown when using a thumb splint. No studies reported hygiene or indirect measures of PROM. Only seven small RCTs met the eligibility criteria of this review, and all provided very low-certainty evidence. Consequently, we cannot draw firm conclusions on the effects of assistive technology compared with routine therapy or no therapy. It was also difficult to confirm whether there is a risk of harm associated with treatment using assistive technology. Future studies should apply adequate treatment intensity (i.e. magnitude and the duration of stretch) and use valid and reliable outcome measures. Such studies might better identify the role of assistive technology in the management of contractures in adults after a stroke.

Endometriosis and Infertility: A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most-Cited Articles from 2000 to 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on endometriosis and infertility, focusing on the 100 most-cited (TOP100) articles in the literature. Design: The design of this study is a bibliometric analysis. Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods: The SCOPUS database was searched using the terms “endometriosis” and “infertility.” The productivity and impact of research publications by authors, countries, and journals were assessed using the following indicators: total number of publications, total number of citations (TNC), journal impact factor, and journal citation indicator. The bibliometric analysis was conducted from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2023, using IBM SPSS™ for Windows and VOSviewer 1.6.20. VOSviewer was used to evaluate the TNC, total number of authors/coauthors, and collaboration network between countries of the TOP100 articles. VOSviewer was also used to create keyword co-occurrence networks. Results: Of the TOP100 articles, 69 were literature review articles, with a mean of 448.97 ± 513.5 citations (range: 191–2,705). The TOP100 articles were published by 479 authors (mean 5.8 ± 7.3 per study) from 40 countries in 39 high-impact journals. The keyword co-occurrence network revealed a grouping of four clusters, with terms related to pathophysiology, clinical management, assisted reproductive technology, and hormonal treatment of endometriosis. Limitations: The main limitation of our study is the use of only one database and TNC as the main bibliometric indicator. Studies need at least 2–3 years after publication to accumulate sufficient citations for bibliometric indicators to be reliable. This means that large number of recent studies were not included in this bibliometric analysis. Conclusions: This study revealed trends in endometriosis and infertility research, especially in the fields of immunology and genetics. It also highlights the importance of global collaboration to improve diagnostics, treatments, and outcomes.

Introduction: Gender and (Auto)pathography from a Transnational Perspective

‘Medical Humanities’ (MH), the critical enclave of this cluster, is an interdisciplinary area of knowledge which examines human health and illness using the tools and insights of creative arts and humanities. MH endeavors to comprehend the diverse spectrum of physical and mental ailments by drawing from literature and various forms of artistic expression. The boom of MH both in the United States and Europe is manifested by the increase of this field of studies in undergraduate and graduate programs, professional training opportunities, career paths, conferences, and articles in prestigious academic journals, such as Medical Humanities, Intima: A Journal of Narrative Medicine, Journal of Medical Humanities, Literature and Medicine, or Arts and Health, among others. By consulting Scopus (http://www.scopus.com), the preeminent abstract and citation database for peer-reviewed research literature and conducting a search for 'Medical Humanities' spanning from 1970 to 2023, the findings in the 'Documents by Year' section (totaling 21,461 entries) reveal a consistent and steady upward trajectory. Commencing with a solitary document in 1971, the inaugural year recorded, the count surged to 54 in 1980, escalated to 498 in 2010, and surged to 1,581 in 2020, culminating in 2,417 entries by 2023. Furthermore, upon delving into the 'Documents by Subject Area', the analysis indicates that a significant majority of scholarly articles concerning MH originate from authors entrenched in the Health Sciences field (including Medicine, Nursing, Psychology, Neuroscience, Health professionals, Genetics), while only 15.9 percent stem from scholars within the Arts and Humanities domain. Hence, the authors of these articles, all affiliated with a research group located in Spain, envisioned the importance of enriching this field through their humanistic perspective, stemming from their roles as university professors and literature researchers.

An empirical investigation of open access scholarly publishing trends in social sciences at high-ranked central universities of India

Purpose This study aims to analyze the adoption of open access (OA) publishing in social sciences within central universities in India, focusing on various aspects such as the growth of OA literature, the use of different OA routes and collaboration patterns in OA publications. Design/methodology/approach Ten central universities were selected based on their rankings in the National Institute Ranking Framework 2022. Data on OA publishing in social sciences were collected from the Social Science Citation Index of the Web of Science (WoS) database using the advanced search query “(CU=India OR AD=India) AND PY=(2003–2022) NOT PY=(2023).” Data analysis was conducted using MS Excel (v16.0), BibExcel (version 2017), Biblioshiny (version 4.1.2) and Google Open Refine (version 3.7). Findings The study found that 30.40% of total publications were OA, with BHU as leading institute in OA publishing. OA publishing in social sciences saw a consistent increase, peaking in 2022 with 209 publications. “Sustainability” and “Plos One” were among the top ten journals, with 103 and 34 OA papers, respectively. OA publications had a higher mean citation rate than closed access publications. Collaboration with seven and nine authors had higher mean citation rates, while six-author collaborations were lower. Indian researchers received the most citations collaborating with the USA, UK and Australia. The Netherlands and Saudi Arabia received the fewer citations, when collaborating with Indian authors. Research limitations/implications The study’s main limitation is its reliance on WoS data, excluding many OA publications from smaller or specialized journals. Additionally, the focus on high-ranked central universities may not represent the entire academic landscape, as OA publishing patterns vary across other institutions and disciplines. Practical implications The study’s findings suggest that advancing OA publishing in social sciences at Indian universities requires raising awareness of OA concepts, enhancing institutional support and policies and informing researchers about funding opportunities. Emphasizing Gold OA and funding publication fees can broaden access to research. Universities with low OA ratios should adopt similar policies, mandate public research deposits and develop technical infrastructure. Encouraging multi-author collaborations can boost research impact and citation rates. Insights from the study can help institutions and policymakers shape effective OA strategies, enhancing the visibility and impact of social science research. Originality/value This is the first study analyzing the adoption of OA in the field of social sciences in high-ranked central universities in India. It has implications for promoting OA and increasing accessibility to research outputs. Universities with higher OA ratios can lead in this regard and encourage others to adopt similar practices for overall OA growth.

Continuous Diffused Oxygen Therapy for Wound Healing

What Is the Issue? Wounds are prevalent across health care settings, costing Canada an estimated $12 billion per year in wound care. Chronic wounds (wounds that do not heal in the typical amount of time, which can depend on the size and type of wound) can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of life and health. Healing tissue has a high need for oxygen. Oxygen can be delivered in several ways, including topical oxygen therapy, which delivers oxygen directly to the wound. One type of topical oxygen therapy is continuously diffused oxygen (CDO) therapy, which uses a device that takes oxygen from the air and then delivers pure, humidified oxygen to the wound. We previously completed a Rapid Review on CDO therapy for wounds in 2020. This review aimed to determine if new evidence has since been published on this topic. What Did We Do? To inform decisions about CDO therapy for wound healing, we sought to identify and summarize literature comparing the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of CDO therapy versus conventional wound care. We also attempted to identify evidence-based recommendations for the use of CDO therapy. We searched key resources, including journal citation databases, and conducted a focused internet search for relevant evidence published since 2019. One reviewer screened articles for inclusion based on predefined criteria, critically appraised the included studies, and narratively summarized the findings. What Did We Find? CDO therapy appears to be clinically effective for treating patients with diabetic foot ulcers, particularly chronic or hard-to-heal ulcers that have not responded to standard care. Rates of adverse events were comparable between patients receiving CDO and patients receiving standard care. Two cost-effectiveness studies reported that CDO is likely to be cost-effective compared to standard care for patients with chronic, hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers. We identified fewer studies for other types of wounds. Preliminary evidence suggests that CDO therapy may be helpful for patients with other types of wounds that are chronic or have not responded to standard care. Reporting on adverse events was limited. Limited evidence suggests that patients receiving CDO therapy had better outcomes if their wound was debrided more frequently as well as if they received CDO therapy for a longer time. The evidence-based guidelines recommend the use of topical oxygen therapy (of which CDO is a subtype) for treating diabetic foot ulcers that have failed to heal with standard care. One guideline suggested that topical oxygen therapy may be considered for other types of non-neoplastic, hard-to-heal wounds. We did not find cost-effectiveness evidence for wounds other than diabetic foot ulcers that met the inclusion criteria for our report. We also did not identify any clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness evidence, or any guidelines regarding the use of CDO to treat First Nations, Inuit, and Métis patients, that met the inclusion criteria for our report. What Does This Mean? CDO therapy may be beneficial and more cost-effective than standard care for patients with hard-to-heal, chronic diabetic foot ulcers that have not responded to standard care. Evidence-based guidelines also recommend the use of CDO therapy for this patient population. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of CDO therapy for other types of wounds is still unclear. It is also unclear if there is an optimal way to provide CDO (e.g., oxygen flow rate, debridement, length of treatment). We identified limited evidence that reported on patient ethnicity. Considering that some groups, including First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Peoples, have higher rates of diabetes than the overall population in Canada — which may lead to higher rates of diabetic foot ulcers — decision-makers involved in implementing CDO therapy should consider ways to ensure equitable access for all patients who may need this treatment.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication Interventions in Critical and Acute Care With Mechanically Ventilated and Tracheostomy Patients: A Scoping Review.

Communication with nonspeaking patients is a critical challenge of person-centered care. This scoping review aimed to map the literature on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions for nonspeaking mechanically ventilated and tracheostomy patients in critical and acute care settings. Electronic database, ancestry, and forward citation searches were conducted using eligibility criteria established a priori. Data were extracted, synthesized, and summarized according to scoping review methodology. Studies were categorized by type of intervention and summarized in terms of purpose, participants, design, quality appraisal (including validity and reliability of selected efficacy measures), and efficacy. Small-to-large treatment effect sizes indicated demonstrable impact on patient health and communication efficacy with high-tech and no-tech visual interface-based interventions and systematic nurse training interventions. Treatment effects primarily pertained to dependent variables of patient anxiety, communication satisfaction, comfort, symptom self-reporting, and nursing practice changes. There is a paucity of high-quality AAC intervention research for mechanically ventilated and tracheostomy patients in critical and acute care settings. Emergent evidence suggests that select visual interface and nurse training interventions can impact efficacy of patient-provider communication and patients' overall health. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26506102.

Social isolation and loneliness among people living with experience of homelessness: a scoping review

Social isolation and loneliness (SIL) are public health challenges that disproportionally affect individuals who experience structural and socio-economic exclusion. The social and health outcomes of SIL for people with experiences of being unhoused have largely remained unexplored. Yet, there is limited synthesis of literature focused on SIL to appropriately inform policy and targeted social interventions for people with homelessness experience. The aim of this scoping review is to synthesize evidence on SIL among people with lived experience of homelessness and explore how it negatively impacts their wellbeing. We carried out a comprehensive literature search from Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Sociological s, and Web of Science's Social Sciences Citation Index and Science Citation Index for peer-reviewed studies published between January 1st, 2000 to January 3rd, 2023. Studies went through title, abstract and full-text screening conducted independently by at least two reviewers. Included studies were then analyzed and synthesized to identify the conceptualizations of SIL, measurement tools and approaches, prevalence characterization, and relationship with social and health outcomes. The literature search yielded 5,294 papers after removing duplicate records. Following screening, we retained 27 qualitative studies, 23 quantitative studies and two mixed method studies. SIL was not the primary objective of most of the included articles. The prevalence of SIL among people with homelessness experience varied from 25 to 90% across studies. A range of measurement tools were used to measure SIL making it difficult to compare results across studies. Though the studies reported associations between SIL, health, wellbeing, and substance use, we found substantial gaps in the literature. Most of the quantitative studies were cross-sectional, and only one study used health administrative data to ascertain health outcomes. More studies are needed to better understand SIL among this population and to build evidence for actionable strategies and policies to address its social and health impacts.

The Societal Impact of the Papers Published in Blended Learning in Medicine on Social Network Sites: An Altmetrics Study.

Nowadays, blended learning in medicine (BLM) has gained the attention of most experts as an invaluable approach to improving the quality of medical education. The level of attention to articles in this field on social networks is substantial. This study aimed to study the effectiveness of published articles in blended learning, indexed in Scopus and Web of Science databases between 2013 and 2022, from an altmetrics perspective. The research is descriptive-analytical, with a scientometrics approach (using the Altmetrics index). The population includes all the articles on blended learning in medicine, indexed in Scopus and Web of Science databases, two well-known citation databases worldwide. Data were extracted using the Altmetrics bookmarklet tool and analyzed with descriptive statistics methods in Excel software. Out of 1327 articles, 136 articles (10.25%) did not have a digital object identifier (DOI) or PMID number. Mendeley, X (previously Twitter), and Dimensions were the most widely used social networks in blended learning. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia had the highest number of tweets in blended learning in medicine. The number of articles with altmetrics indicators, categorized by publication year, demonstrates an improvement in the familiarity and use of social media by blended learning researchers in medicine. Blended learning researchers are advised to carefully select reputable journals - preferably with DOI - to increase the visibility and attention to their articles on social media.

Safety of rTMS for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Current treatments for schizophrenia are only partially effective, and there are no medications for negative symptoms or cognitive impairment. Neuromodulation, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), has potential as a novel intervention for schizophrenia. Prior to clinical use, rTMS should have demonstrated safety in a large schizophrenia population. However, the safety profile of rTMS in schizophrenia is not well characterized, and regulatory agencies have expressed concern about safety in this population. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of rTMS studies in schizophrenia. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Science Citation Index Expanded for rTMS studies in schizophrenia that reported adverse effects. We extracted the number of participants who experienced an adverse effect and calculated the prevalence of each adverse effect for active or sham rTMS. We tested the difference between the prevalence of events in the active and sham conditions. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Handbook. The initial search identified 1472 studies. After screening, 261 full-text studies were assessed, and 126 met inclusion criteria (N = 4122 total subjects). The prevalence of headache or scalp pain, dizziness or syncope, facial twitching, and nausea was higher for active rTMS compared to sham (P < .05). The prevalence of all other adverse effects, including seizure, was not different between active and sham rTMS. rTMS is safe and well tolerated for people with schizophrenia. Individuals with schizophrenia are not at increased risk for adverse effects, including seizure, compared to the general population.

Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Russia: a meta-analysis of population-based studies

To systematize data on the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the adult population of Russia. The search for studies was conducted in the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and RSCI (Russian Science Citation Index) from January 2000 to December 2022. The review included relevant publications in peer-reviewed periodicals in English or Russian, publications with data from cross-sectional epidemiological studies assessing the prevalence of GERD in the Russian population, studies on adult patients with GERD, and publications with detailed descriptive statistics that allow using the data in the meta-analysis. The final analysis included 6 studies involving 34,192 subjects. The overall prevalence of GERD (prevalence of heartburn ± regurgitation once a week or more frequently) in the analyzed studies was 25.605% (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.913-34.147). The analysis used a random effect model, as there was significant heterogeneity between the results in both groups (I2=99.63%; p<0.0001). The overall mean age of GERD patients in the study population was 48.14 (95% CI 32.25-4.03) years. The prevalence of GERD in the male population was 23.653% (95% CI 13.351-35.832) and 25.457% (95% CI 17.094-34.849) in females. This meta-analysis demonstrated that GERD is a common esophageal disease in the Russian population, affecting approximately one in four country residents.

Evolution of understanding the anatomy of the respiratory system

This article highlights the history of the development of the anatomy of the respiratory system. The preparation of this publication utilized articles from journals included in the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) and Pub- Med. The depth of the publication search spanned 20 years. The article summarizes knowledge about the development of ideas about the anatomy of the respiratory system. The first mentions of the respiratory organs—lungs, bronchi, trachea—date back to Ancient times. Scientists and physicians of that era attempted to determine the structure of the lungs. Not all medical schools associated breathing with the lungs. During the Renaissance, empirical knowledge in this field continued to accumulate. Autopsies allowed for more detailed descriptions of the chest structure, lungs, trachea, and bronchial system. The invention of the microscope in the 17th century enabled the study of lung structure down to the alveoli and capillaries. Various types of epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, nasal cavity sinuses, and more were described. In modern times, technologies have made it possible to obtain the first microphotographs showing the ultrastructure of the pulmonary capillary and the blood-gas barrier. The history of the development of the understanding of the anatomy of the respiratory system can be considered when studying specific topics within university courses such as "Human Anatomy," "History of Medicine," and "History of Biology."

A Thematic Synthesis of the Experiences of Social Prescribing Among Patients in the UK.

Social prescribing connects patients to resources or activities to meet their non-medical needs. In the UK, it is often implemented in primary care. In the social prescribing pathway, patients are directed to link workers to identify suitable solutions for their needs such as art workshops or welfare benefit guidance. Social prescribing marks a notable transition from traditional medical treatments to more comprehensive strategies focusing on holistic health and wellbeing strategies. Insights from patient experiences can improve the development of social prescribing to better meet their needs. This understanding can aid in improving the delivery and outcomes of social prescribing. To synthesise qualitative research on the experiences of social prescribing among patients in the UK. A qualitative systematic review - using thematic synthesis for peer-reviewed papers focused on experiences of social prescribing users in the UK. An exhaustive search was performed in six databases: ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PSYCINFO, and SOCIAL SCIENCE CITATION INDEX via Web of Science. The CASP tool for qualitative research was used for quality assessment and PRISMA 2020 Checklist was used to ensure the report transparency. Titles and abstracts of 1,269 papers were screened. In total, 85 papers were full text-screened, and 19 studies were included in the review. Five analytical themes were developed from these papers: (a) Searching for hope in times of adversity; (b) Variability in temporal responsiveness; (c) Feeling supported and empowered by the social prescribing pathway; (d) Sustained change from a positive response; (e) Misalignment producing no response. Patients might experience lasting advantages from social prescribing if it aligns with their needs and expectations. Results highlighted the importance of matching social prescribing referral with patients' readiness to engage. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare professionals evaluate patient suitability prior to beginning a social prescribing referral.