Circular Housing Research Articles

How to deploy the PSS towards a circular economy in housing? A multiple-case study

Transitioning to a circular housing economy necessitates innovative business models informed by Circular Economy (CE) principles. Yet, a business viewpoint is almost absent from the current circular housing discourse. Of various applicable business approaches, the Product-Service System (PSS) has frequently been put forward due to its resource reduction capacity. Nonetheless, its practical application within the realm of circular housing remains an uncharted territory. To address this knowledge gap, this study employed a multiple-case study, investigating the practices of five frontrunners in the field through interviews and document analysis. The findings informed an empirically grounded framework of 14 guiding principles that provide actionable knowledge for deploying the PSS for a CE in housing across the value proposition, value creation and delivery, and value capture components of the business model concept. Additionally, the findings highlighted the role of intermediary-led collaborative value networks as catalysts for PSS and CE implementation in housing. Beyond these theoretical contributions, the findings and framework presented herein can serve as a dependable point of reference for practitioners in their quest to explore and capture the potential of the PSS towards a CE in housing.

How to decide upon circular cities: The role of evidence in local tender procedures

Cities have begun to apply circular economy principles to the built environment to reduce waste and CO2 emissions in the construction sector. Recent research and practice have focused on developing tools to support municipal decision-making processes in assessing the circularity of construction projects. However, there is a lack of understanding of how such tools are used and how they shape circularity in decision-making processes. Using an evidence-based policymaking lens, this article studies how using a circular assessment tool supported municipal decision-making to realise a circular housing project in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Results are based on interviews and an analysis of policy documents and all information that was created for and during the tender procedure. The analysis shows that how the circular assessment tool was used, depended on stakeholders’ interests and the stage of the decision process. On the one hand, the tool stimulated circular solutions by helping to compare quantifiable results, but, on the other hand, the predefinition of the circular criteria narrowed down the final design and created a focus on the adaptability of the building in the future instead of a focus on the reuse of existing materials. The article shows that the use of evidence to realise circular ambitions, requires new skills of municipalities and demands both continuous support from experts as well as more strict criteria and ways to measure circularity in governmental regulations to stimulate the use of circular materials in the built environment.

Financing and management models as a design tool for circular housing projects

Financing and management models as a design tool for circular housing projects

Exploring the opportunities in circular design as an affordable housing solution in Nigeria

Abstract The shortage of adequate housing is caused by global challenges such as urbanisation, economic instability, pandemics, and displacements. Additionally, the building sector is resource-intensive, leading to the emergence of the circular economy (CE) that is focused on resource efficiency. The design stage plays a central role in the CE model. However, circular housing design (CHD) in Nigeria has not been thoroughly explored. This study examined the opportunities for implementing CHD in Nigeria. Through a desk review approach, relevant data from the critical review of selected articles from reputable databases in the last five years were synthesized and incorporated into the study. The findings revealed that the adoption of CHD in Nigeria can assist in achieving affordability, decarbonisation, climate change mitigation, improving environmental value, energy optimisation, resource efficiency, and urban mining. More specifically, it will stimulate sustainability in the housing sector, digitalisation, technical expertise development, policies and regulations, land provision, coordination and collaboration, local voluntary stewardship programme, and new market opportunities in housing delivery in Nigeria. There is a need to develop technical skills in CHD through knowledge sharing among design professionals via multi-stakeholder collaborations and investment in technologies, as well as adopting integrated circular project delivery methods in the supply chain.

Exploring the Consumer Acceptance of Circular Housing from the Perspective of SOR Theory

The reconstruction of residences has led to an increase in the use of single-use materials in the construction industry. In the context of the circular economy, with the implementation of circular housing from a cradle-to-cradle perspective, the field of housing construction is changing rapidly. Innovation and sharing improve the consumer experience and increase consumers’ purchase intention. This research integrates design attributes, sharing attributes, perceived value, and affective value to study the impact of circular housing on acceptance and identification. The framework of SOR theory framework is used to analyze the predictive factors of consumer intention. The results emphasize that emotional responses in terms of affective value, perceived value, and social equity are the most prominent. This research also utilizes the KJ method. The research methods include a literature review, field observations, expert interviews, questionnaire surveys, and triangulation validation. Moreover, this research uses PLS-SEM to analyze the data of 568 participants. The structural analysis shows that consumers’ acceptance and identification of circular housing are strongly influenced by social equity. A total of 16 out of 17 hypotheses are established, with eight partial mediating effects, including the mediating role of social equity. Perceived value is found to affect consumers’ cognition and attitudes Perceived value and design attributes, as well as these factors combined, influence consumer acceptance and identification. This research provides strategies to enhance the design of circular housing and promote its development. This research explores the relationship between consumers’ acceptance and identification of circular design and the development of circular housing. It first establishes a structural model based on the SOR theory. Adding the mental map of interview results to the model, the results of this research analyzes the design attribute value, and the SEM-PLS analysis influences highlights the identification and acceptance of circular housing.

Investigating the Upper Holocene palaeoenvironment and human subsistence strategy in the Khor Rori coastal area by studying mollusc remains from the Inqitat plateau (Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman)

ABSTRACTArchaeological shells have a great potential for reconstructing past environments and human–environment interactions. The Inqitat plateau (Khor Rori Archaeological Park, Oman) shows rich mollusc assemblages, present in the HAS1 settlement and in a shell midden nearby (Iron Age). By analysing the environmental requirements of the species identified in the assemblages, we reconstruct the past coastal environment and investigate its exploitation by the local population and human activities during the settlement occupation. This is the first multidisciplinary investigation of Iron Age molluscs from Dhofar. Our results indicate that the environment surrounding the site was characterised by rocky shores and shallow‐water sandy to sandy‐muddy substrates, where locals collected shells. Mangrove species were recovered in few numbers, indicating that this environment was restricted or not exploited. Furthermore, a different use of shells between circular houses within the settlement and the midden was observed; in the former, species used as ornaments are more abundant, whereas, in the latter, species used for food purposes are found, confirming the primary use of the midden as a dump. The presence of easily accessible settings for mollusc collection in the site's vicinity and the richness in food resources due to a coastal upwelling makes this region very attractive for human populations.

APPLYING 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTING SUSTAINABLE HOUSES

Innovation is advancing at an ever-expanding pace and has been for decades. Regular objects have gotten to be minimal in measure and cheaper to deliver. 3D printing technology (3DP), also known as additive manufacturing (AM), has gaining rapid development in recent years. is a method for turning a computer file into 3D solid objects of any shape or geometry. The creation is accomplished by building up layers of a certain substance until the full item is produced. The 3D printing technologies, comparing to traditional techniques of constructing the buildings, could be considered as environmentally friendly derivative giving almost unlimited possibilities for geometric complexity realizations. The primary issue is that the building sector has a significant negative influence on the environment. Some modern technologies are being applied to reduce materials usage and carbon emissions like 3D printing. The major purpose of this article is to compare between conventional approaches and 3D printing technology to assess their effects on sustainable housing, evaluate how 3D printing functions and consider its advantages and disadvantages. To conduct the research, a comparison between traditional techniques and 3d printing technology will take place to see their impacts on sustainable houses, theoretical studies will be done on both :3D printing concepts and application in architecture and its effectiveness on environment and sustainability. In addition to the practical studies, experimental ones where case studies are selected according to the inductive method mentioning the selection criteria. Three case studies will be analysed, where the 3D printing technology is achieved, TECLA, a circular housing prototype in Ravenna, Italy, the Dubai municipality and Beckum First 3D Printed house in Germany.

The Effect of the Circular House on the Level of Cognitive Achievement in the Physical Education Lesson

The Effect of the Circular House on the Level of Cognitive Achievement in the Physical Education Lesson

The impact of the circular house shape strategy on the achievement of fifth grade literary students in the subject of literature and texts

يرمي البحث الحالي تعرّف" أثر إستراتيجية شكل البيت الدائري في تحصيل مادة الادب والنصوص عند طالبات الصف الخامس الادبي . ولتحقيق ذلك اعتمدت الباحثة على تصميم تجريبيَّ ذي الضبط الجزئي, وهو تصميم المجموعة الضابطة ذات اختبار بعدي فقط .واختارت الباحثة عينة بلغت (82) طالبة من طالبات الصف الخامس الادبي في اعدادية الهدى للبنات التابعة إلى المديرية العامة لتربية بغداد/ الرصافة الاولى, وقد وزعن عشوائياً على مجموعتين بواقع (43) طالبة في المجموعة التجريبية, و(39) طالبة في المجموعة الضابطة, درَّست الباحثة المجموعة التجريبية بإستراتيجية شكل البيت الدائري , والمجموعة الضابطة بالطريقة التقليدية. وكافأت الباحثة بين طالبات مجموعتي البحث في متغيرات(العمر الزمني محسوباً بالشهور, والتحصيل الدراسي للآباء وللأمهات). وحاولت الباحثة ضبط عدد من المتغيرات الدخيلة التي أشارت اليها الأدبيات والدراسات السابقة إلى أنها قد تؤثر في هذا النوع من التصاميم التجريبية.

The effectiveness of the integration between the two strategies (the cube and the circular house) on the achievement of fourth grade female students in biology and the development of their supra-cognitive thinking.

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى معرفة فاعلية التكامل بين إستراتيجيتي (المكعب والبيت الدائري) على تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة علم الأحياء وتنمية تفكيرهن فوق المعرفي، ولذلك فقد استخدم الباحثان التصميم شبه التجريبي لأربع مجاميع (ثلاث مجموعات تجريبية ورابعة ضابطة). وتحقيق أهداف البحث فقد صاغ الباحثان الفرصيات الصفرية الآتية: لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة علم الأحياء بين مجموعات البحث الأربعة والتي هي: التجريبية الأولى التي درست على وفق (التكامل بين استراتيجيتي المكعب والبيت الدائري)؛ والتجريبية الثانية التي درست على وفق إستراتيجية المكعب؛ والتجريبية الثالثة التي درست على وفق إستراتيجية البيت الدائري؛ والمجموعة الضابطة التي درست على وفق الطريقة المعتادة. H0: m1=m2=m3=m4 H1: m1≠m2≠m3≠m4 لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية في تنمية التفكير فوق المعرفي لطالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة علم الأحياء بين مجموعات البحث الأربعة والتي هي: التجريبية الأولى التي درست على وفق (التكامل بين استراتيجيتي المكعب والبيت الدائري)؛ والتجريبية الثانية التي درست على وفق إستراتيجية المكعب؛ والتجريبية الثالثة التي درست على وفق إستراتيجية البيت الدائري؛ والمجموعة الضابطة التي درست على وفق الطريقة المعتادة.

The effect of the circular house shape strategy on motor learning of effectiveness javelin

هدف البحث الى استخدام استراتيجية شكل البيت الدائري في التعلم الحركي لفعالية رمي الرمح فضلا عن التعرف على تاثير تلك الاستراتيجية على المتعلمين في التعلم الحركي لفعالية رمي الرمح ووضع الفرضيات التي تتلائم وهدف البحث ,وعمد الباحث الى اختيار عينة من طلاب كلية التربية الرياضية في جامعة القادسية , وفي اجراءات البحث استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبيي والاختبار المهاري لفعالية رمي الرمح وعمد الباحث باستخراج فروق الاختبارات البعدية للمجموعة التجريبية والضابطة في متغير التعلم الحركي لفعالية رمي الرمح وعمد الباحث الى ايجاد نسب التطور في التعلم الحركي لفعالية رمي الرمح , وصمم الباحث منهاج تعليمي للمجموعة التجريبية وعمد الباحث الى تقويم الاداء المهاري للفعالية على وفق اراء المختصين والخبراء في العاب القوى , ولمعالجة البيانات استخدم الباحث معامل الالتواء لقياس تجانس العينة والقيمة التائية وقانون نسبة التطور وبعد المعالجة الاحصائية استعرض الباحث النتائج وعمد اللى مناقشتها وتوصل الباحث الى ان استخدام استراتيجية شكل البيت الدائري قد اثر تاثيرا معنويا في تعلم فعالية رمي الرمح ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية ومن خلال استخراج نسبة التطور وجد ان نسبة التطور في المجموعة التجريبية تفوق نسبة التطور في المجموعة الضابطة , لذ اوصى الباحث باستخدام استراتيجية شكل البيت الدائري لما لها من تاثير في التعلم الحركي لفعالية رمي الرمح .

The impact of the circular house strategy on the systemic thinking of middle school students in geography

The current research aims to identify the effect of the circular house strategy on the systemic thinking of middle school students in the subject of geography. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated two null hypotheses, and deliberately chose a sample of fifth-grade students of middle school / literary from Homs High School for Girls for the academic year (2020-2021), and in a simple random way, she chose Division (A) to represent the experimental group that is taught by the circular house strategy, while Division (B) became the control group and is taught in the usual way, and the research sample reached (33) students, with (17) students for the experimental group and (16) students for the control group. The researcher was rewarded between the two research groups in the following variables, the general average for the past year, the achievement in geography for the past year, the chronological age calculated in months, the degree of intelligence and the achievement of the father and the achievement of the mother. Both (Round House Strategy and the Ordinary Method). As for the tool, it was a systemic thinking test, which in its final form consisted of (5) questions that included (11) paragraphs, and its validity, stability and distinction were verified, and all of them appeared within the acceptable range.

The effectiveness of using the circular house shape strategy in teaching history to develop the reflective thinking skills of preparatory stage students

The effectiveness of using the circular house shape strategy in teaching history to develop the reflective thinking skills of preparatory stage students

The Impact of the Circular House Strategy on the Achievement and Systemic Thinking of Middle School Students in Geography

The current research aims to identify the effect of the circular house strategy on the achievement of middle school students in the subject of geography.To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated a hypothesis and intentionally chose a sample of the fifth year middle school / literary students from Homs High School for Girls for the academic year (2020-2021). In a simple random way, she chose Division (A) to represent the experimental group that is taught by the circular house strategy, while Division (B) became the control group and is taught in the usual way, and the research sample amounted to (33) students, with (17) students for the experimental group and (16) students for the control group.The researcher made a balance between the two research groups in the following variables: the general average for the past year, the achievement in geography for the past year, the chronological age calculated in months, the degree of intelligence and the achievement of the father and the achievement of the mother for both (Round House Strategy and the Ordinary Method).As for the research method, the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting in its final form of (37) paragraphs of a multiple-choice type with three alternatives and its validity, reliability, discriminatory power, and the effectiveness of the wrong alternatives were confirmed.The experiment was started at the beginning of the first semester of the academic year (2020-2021) on 12/1/2020 and continued until 16/2/2021, with one lesson per week with some additional lessons for both groups.After data collection and statistical analysis using the Mann Whitney test for two independent samples, the results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in the achievement test.In the light of the results of the research, the researcher recommended a number of recommendations, including the preparation and training unit in the Nineveh Education Directorate to introduce teachers of geography to developmental training courses on how to use the circular house strategy.To complement the current research, the researcher suggested several proposals, including the impact of the circular house strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade literary students in geography and the development of their social interaction.

Is there a need for new kitchen design? Assessing the adaptative capacity of space to enable circularity in multiresidential buildings

This paper aims to contribute to the development of spatial criteria for adaptive capacity, which is identified as one important factor for the transition towards more circular housing design. The paper focuses on the kitchen, as an important function of the home which is connected to large resource flows and is exposed to frequent renovations and replacements. This paper identifies spatial characteristics of the kitchen and evaluates their potential to accommodate circular solutions focusing on adaptive capacity. As a first step, previous literature on the spatial characteristics of kitchens and indicators that support adaptability is reviewed. These are then used to develop an analytical framework to assess the adaptive capacity and circularity potential of 3624 kitchens in contemporary Swedish apartments. A qualitative approach in combination with quantitative methods is employed to analyse the selected sample. The main contributions of this paper include its spatial analytical framework, its descriptive presentation of contemporary kitchen and apartment designs, and its adaptive capacity assessment of the studied kitchens. The results point out that although the over-capacity of the floor area of kitchens and apartments can have significance for adaptability, it is not the only determinative spatial characteristics. The windows' location and distribution, the number of door openings and traffic zones, the shafts’ location and accessibility from multiple rooms, the room typology and the kitchen typology can improve the adaptive capacity and circularity potential of kitchens and dwellings. The findings show that in contemporary floorplans advantageous design solutions connected to the identified spatial characteristics are not applied in a systematic way. Further research is necessary to define the exact measures of the individual spatial characteristics and their combined application in multiresidential floorplan design.

The Effect of the Round House Strategy on Acquiring Geographical Concepts for Fourth-grade Literary Pupils and Developing their Effective Communication

The current research aims to identify (the effect of the round house strategy in acquiring geographical concepts for fourth-grade literary pupils and developing their effective communication). This sample Andalusia for girls was randomly divided into two groups, one of them was an experimental group that included (32) male and female students who studied geography using the circular house strategy, and the other was a control group consisting of (33) male and female students, who studied the same material in the traditional way. Which:(Chronological age of students in months, educational level of parents, measure of effective communication).The researchers identified the topics studied during the experiment, which included the first, second and third chapters of the geography book for the fourth literary grade to be taught for the academic year (2019-2020) in the Republic of Iraq. The first test was the Geographical Concepts Acquisition Test consisting of (13) items, and its validity, stability and distinction were verified, as well as conducting statistical analyzes of its paragraphs. The results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in the test of concept acquisition and the effective communication scale.

The Effect of the Circular House Strategy on Acquiring Geographical Concepts for Fourth-grade Literary Students and Developing Their Effective Communication

he current research aims to identify (the effect of the circular house strategy in acquiring geographical concepts for fourth-grade literary students and developing their effective communication). For girls, this sample was randomly divided into two groups, one of them was an experimental group that included (32) students who studied geography using the circular house strategy, and the other was a control group consisting of (33) students, who studied the same material in the traditional way. The variables are: (the chronological age of the students calculated in months, the academic level of the parents, the effective communication scale). The Republic of Iraq, the researchers also prepared model teaching plans for both groups. The researchers adopted two tests to measure their research variables. The first test was The test for accquiring geographical concepts consist of (13) items and its validity, stability and were verified, as well as statistical analyzes of its paragraphs. The control group in the concept acquisition test and the effective communication scale.

Expandable Houses: An Explorative Life Cycle Cost Analysis

In addition to the environmental burden of its construction and demolition activities, the Flemish housing market faces a structural affordability challenge. As one possible answer, this research explores the potential of so-called expandable houses, being built increasingly often. Through specific design choices that enable the disassembly and future reuse of individual components and so align with the idea of a circular economy, expandable houses promise to provide ever-changing homes with a smaller impact on the environment and at a lower cost for clients. In this paper, an expandable house suitable for various housing needs is conceived through a scenario-based research-by-design approach and compared to a reference house for Flanders. Subsequently, for both houses the life cycle costs are calculated and compared. The results of this exploration support the proposition that designing expandable houses can be a catalyst for sustainable, circular housing development and that households could benefit from its social, economic and ecological qualities. It requires, however, a dynamic perspective on evaluating their life-cycle impact.

Imprints of security challenges on vernacular architecture of northern Nigeria: a study on Borno State

Security challenges are known to have diverse negative impacts on all facets of human endeavours across the world. However, in a country like Nigeria that is faced with myriads of security challenges ranging from armed bandits to insurgences by terrorist groups, the impacts of security challenges on architecture have not been adequately explored. This research examined how security challenges have influenced the architectural forms and spatial morphology of vernacular architecture in Northern Nigeria using three Local Government Areas: Maiduguri, Nganzai and Monguno of Borno State a case study. The primary data were gathered through observations, photographic materials and oral interviews with randomly selected residents in the study area. These were complemented with the review of published literature. The results of content analysis reveal a gradual change in Northern Nigeria vernacular architecture to accommodate the myriads of security challenges confronting the region. Specifically, it was observed that changes in traditional circular houses with thatch roofs to rectangular houses and the use of modern building materials as well as emergence of gated communities abound in the study area. The study also found a decline in traditional decorations and paintings on domestic building due to the relocation of practitioners from the study area. The study concludes that in spite of the daunting security challenges, Nigerians should not abandon their rich heritage in vernacular architecture, rather, indigenous and modern architectural principles should be integrated in evolving secured human settlements in this country.

The Effect of Using Circular House Strategy on Teaching International Relations Unit on Achievement and Attitudes towards Social and National Studies for Grade 8 Students

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the roundhouse strategy related to teaching international relations unit on grade eight students’ achievement and attitudes toward national and social studies module. The researcher prepared a teaching unit in international relations embedded in the one of the units of national and social studies module taught to grade eight students. The researcher also prepared a teacher’s guide in using roundhouse strategy. The sample comprised forty students in grade 8 at Al- majmaah governance. The students were divided into two groups: an experimental group taught using roundhouse method, and a control group following the traditional instruction. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference (α ˂ 0.05) in the post-testing results of the international relations unit in favor of experimental group students. In addition, a statistically significant difference (α ˂ 0.05) was found in the post-testing of the attitudes scale in favor of the experimental group. Due to its role in strengthening student's national allegiance, loyalty and acknowledgement of kingdom's efforts.