Objective To discuss the application of posterior chamber and vitreous Cloquet's canal puncture in cataract surgery. Methods Our 285 eyes of 263 nonliquefied white intumescent cataracts cases without severe diseases were randomly divided into A and B group. Puncture of posterior chamber and 0.10-0.15 ml of liquid was sucked out of the vitreous Cloquet's canal firstly before continuous circular capsulorhexis in group A. Reduced capsulorhexis diameter combined with second are capsulorhexis, capsular puncturing, pressing nucleus to discharge of liquid and reverse capsulorhexis docking was performed according to the actual situation in group B. Continuous circular capsulorhexis successful level, iris damage grade, best corrected visual acuity on postoperative day 1 and corneal edema grade were observed. Results Imperfect capsulorhexis was in 22 eyes in group A and 63 eyes in group B. Radial cracks in anterior capsules was in 3 eyes in group A and 16 eyes in group B. Tangential capsulorhexis tear was in 19 eyes in group A and 47 eyes in group B. Iris damage of more than grade 1 was in 17 eyes in group A and 51 eyes in group B. The average operation time was (9.83±2.14) minutes in group A and (10.25±3.64) minutes in group B. The best corrected visual acuity better than 0.3 on postoperative day 1 was in 122 eyes in group A and 105 eyes in group B. Corneal edema over grade I occurred in 12 eyes in group A and 39 eyes in group B. Other complications including intraoperative and postoperative hyphema and severe inflammatory after operation were in 7 eyes in group A and 18 eyes in group B. Statistical study showed significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.05), except for operation time. In addition of 143 eyes in group A, there were 140 eyes punctured successfully in one time and 3 eyes in two times in posterior chamber and vitreous Cloquet's canal puncture. Conclusion Puncture of posterior chamber and vitreous Cloquet's canal in cataract surgery can obviously relieve anterior lens capsule tension, increase anterior chamber operation space, reduce capsulorhexis difficulty and decrease operative injury and complications by reducing the pressure from the posterior chamber and vitreous cavity. In addition, according to relative higher successful puncture rate than previous reports, we postulated that not only posterior vitreous detachment but also anterior vitreous detachment which affected the canals of petit were more commonly appeared, especially at the anterior vitreous. Meanwhile, the capacity of Cloquet's canal expanded due to the vitreous liquefaction an concentration. Moreover we suggest that age-related cortical cataract should be classified into expanded type, cured type and basic type at least in order to instruct clinical treatment. Key words: Cataract; Type, clinical; Stage, clinical; Capsulorhexis, circular, continuous