Series Circuit Research Articles

Reliability Evaluation Model of Distribution Network Based on Circuit Structure

In order to meet the electricity requirements and improve the quality of distribution networks, it is essential to improve the reliability level of the power system. This paper established several mathematical models based on circuit analysis and computer simulation to realize the evaluation of distribution network reliability. Firstly, the Sequential Monte Carlo method was utilized to simulate the indicators of series and parallel circuits, and the Entropy Weight Method was adopted to weight the indicators. Then, simulation results were comprehensively evaluated using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and the evaluation model of distribution network reliability was obtained. The established mathematical model provided some guidance to construct an industrial distribution network and improve the reliability level of the power system.

Performance of Gas Turbine Power Plant with Evaporative Air Pre-Cooler System Using Energy and Exergy Concept

One of the main challenges in building a Solar Power Generation System at home or a Home Solar Power Plant (Home SPP) is choosing component specifications according to price. The main components of Home SPP are photovoltaic (PV) panels, inverters, and wiring systems. Given the strict price constraints, the selection of parts available on the commercial market is generally of low quality. However, low-quality components can still provide a significant advantage by optimizing the plant design. This research proves that the proper configuration can reduce electricity bills by 52.2%. This configuration does by choosing a Grid Tie Inverter (GTI) with a high working voltage and a 12 Volt PV configured in a parallel series circuit to work at 24 Volts. In addition, the 12 Volt PV panels configured in series to 24 Volts are proven to increase the conversion efficiency

Optimization of Device Installations in the Home Solar Power Generation System

One of the main challenges in building a Solar Power Generation System at home or a Home Solar Power Plant (Home SPP) is choosing component specifications according to price. The main components of Home SPP are photovoltaics (PV) panels, inverters, and wiring systems. Given the strict price constraints, the selection of parts available on the commercial market is generally of low quality. However, low-quality components can still provide a significant advantage by optimizing the plant design. This research proves that the proper configuration can reduce electricity bills by 52.2%. This configuration does by choosing a Grid Tie Inverter (GTI) with a high working voltage and a 12 Volt PV configured in a parallel series circuit to work at 24 Volts. In addition, the 12 Volt PV panels configured in series to 24 Volts are proven to increase the conversion efficiency.

Design and analysis of series and parallel circuits based on plasmonic waveguides for high-performance computing devices

Abstract Nowadays, mental–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguides are widely used in the design of optical plasmonic waveguides due to their superior ability to confine surface plasmons up to sub wavelength scale. This research proposes the design of series and parallel circuits using cascaded plasmonic Mach–Zehnder interferometers (PMZIs). Each PMZI employs a nonlinear arm to switch light across the output port via the insertion of the nonlinear Kerr material poly(2-methoxy-5-(28-ethylhexyloxy)-PPV). The proposed design is having footprint of 104 µm × 11 µm. The finite-difference time-domain method is used to study, design, and analysis all optical series and parallel circuit proposals.

Hydraulic Oscillation Analysis of the Hydropower Station with an Equivalent Circuit-Based Hydraulic Impedance Scheme

The concept of hydraulic impedance is widely used for periodic or oscillating flow scenarios in applied hydraulic transients. This paper proposes an equivalent circuit-based discrete hydraulic impedance model for the hydraulic system of the power station. The equivalent hydraulic circuit is established by an analogy between the water hammer wave propagation in pressurized pipes and the electromagnetic wave propagation in conductors. The discrete hydraulic impedance at a given location is obtained by calculating the total specific impedance of the series and parallel circuits from one end to the other. In addition, the numerical solution process to obtain the natural frequencies of the system via the proposed model is designed in detail. Furthermore, oscillation characteristics of the pipelines in the hydropower station are investigated. The variation trends of the decay coefficients of different orders of oscillation of the system and the influence of turbine impedance on the oscillation frequencies are discussed, respectively.

THE LEARNING DESIGN TO IMPROVE THE LEARNING OUTCOMES ON THE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT TOPIC

This study aims to determine the implementation of the project-based learning process on electrical energy topic in class VI and the improvement of student learning outcomes in science learning on electrical energy topic. This research was conducted on students of class VI with a total of 29 students consisting of 13 males and 16 females. There were three times of data collection in this study which included Pre-Cycle, Cycle 1, and Cycle 2. The results showed that the active involvement of students in learning activities could increase their understanding of the subject matter being taught. In addition, project-based learning by making series and parallel circuits in the implementation of making traffic lights makes students more enthusiastic and active in learning.

Response of RLC network circuit with steady source via rohit transform

The electric network circuits are designed by using the elements like resistor R, inductor L, and capacitor Ϲ. There are a number of techniques: exact, approximate, and purely numerical available for analyzing the R L Ϲ network circuits. Since the application of numerical method becomes more complex, computationally intensive, or needs complicated symbolic computations, there is a need to seek the help of integral transform methods for analyzing the RLϹ network circuits. Integral transform methods provide effective ways for solving a variety of problems arising in basic sciences and engineering. In thispaper, a new integral transform Rohit transform is discussed for obtaining the response of a series RLϹ electric network circuit connected to a steady voltage source, and a parallel R L Ϲ electric network circuit connected to a steady current source. The response of a series R L Ϲ network circuit connected to a steady voltage source via the application of Rohit transform will provide an expression for the electric current, and that of a parallel R L Ϲ network circuit connected to a steady current source will provide an expression for the voltage across the parallel RLϹ electric network circuit. The nature of the response of such series (or parallel) network circuits is determined by the values of R, L, and Ϲ of the electric network circuit. The Rohit transform will come out to be a powerful technique for analyzing such series or parallel electric network circuits with steady voltage or current sources.

DESAIN BERBAGAI RANGKAIAN LISTRIK SEDERHANA DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN APLIKASI DROID TESLA V6.21

The target of the science and technology application service activity is given to students of SMA N 3 Sentani. The purpose of this activity is to carry out the tri dharma of higher education and provide mentoring to students in the use of learning applications. The application used is the Droid Tesla V6.21. This application helps students to more easily recognize electronic components and makes it easier for students to design electronic circuits such as assembling series and parallel electrical circuits. This activity has been carried out using lecture and practice methods as well as giving Pre Test and Post Test. The result of this activity is that students recognize and are able to run new applications as well as products in the form of series and parallel electrical circuits that are made based on the circuit design in the application.Keywords: technology application; The Droid Tesla V6.21; design electronic

Electrolytic Capacitor Deterioration Detection Method Using Equalization Current for an LC Series Circuit Type Cell Voltage Equalizer

Electrolytic Capacitor Deterioration Detection Method Using Equalization Current for an LC Series Circuit Type Cell Voltage Equalizer

A new layered bidirectional equalizer based on a novel resonant voltage balance converter for the battery voltage active equalization of energy storage system

In order to eliminate the impact of battery pack inconsistency on the cycle life and available capacity of the energy storage system and improve the balance speed, a layered bidirectional equalizer based on a novel resonant voltage balance converter is proposed. The equalizer is composed of bidirectional resonant converter circuits in series. One layer contains multiple balanced sub-circuits based on bidirectional resonant converters, and the equalization thresholds of the balanced sub-circuits of different layers are changed by designing different electrical parameters. The balance sub-circuit of the bidirectional resonant converter proposed in this paper can realize the zero-current turn-on and turn-off of the switches, which can effectively reduce the power loss of the equalizer, and the control system is simple, which improves the stability of the system; meanwhile, compared with other equalizers based on switched capacitor or switched inductance converters, the number of switching devices is greatly reduced, and the voltage balance speed is higher. The simulation and experimental results show that the equalizer can achieve a good balance of the battery terminal voltage during charging and discharging and standing state, and the equalization accuracy is higher, which verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the equalizer.

Circuit Implementation of Variable-Order Scaling Fractal-Ladder Fractor with High Resolution

Extensive research has been conducted on the scaling fractal fractor using various structures. The development of high-resolution emulator circuits to achieve a variable-order scaling fractal fractor with high resolution is a major area of interest. We present a scaling fractal-ladder circuit for achieving high-resolution variable-order fractor based on scaling expansion theory using a high-resolution multiplying digital-to-analog converter (HMDAC). Firstly, the circuit configuration of variable-order scaling fractal-ladder fractor (VSFF) is designed. A theoretical demonstration proves that VSFF exhibits the operational characteristics of variable-order fractional calculus. Secondly, a programmable resistor–capacitor series circuit and universal electronic component emulators are developed based on the HMDAC to adjust the resistance and capacitance in the circuit configuration. Lastly, the model, component parameters, approximation performance, and variable-order characteristics are analyzed, and the circuit is physically implemented. The experimental results demonstrate that the circuit exhibits variable-order characteristics, with an operational order ranging from −0.7 to −0.3 and an operational frequency ranging from 7.72Hz to 4.82kHz. The peak value of the input signal is 10V. This study also proposes a novel method for variable-order fractional calculus based on circuit theory. This study was the first attempt to implement feasible high-resolution continuous variable-order fractional calculus hardware based on VSFF.

Simple but accurate driven RLC experiment

A driven RLC series circuit is constructed by connecting a sine-wave generator to a coil and a capacitor. A multimeter is used to measure the circuit parameters and is then connected across the capacitor to measure its rms voltage. As a result, a resonance curve is mapped out that matches theory with no free parameters.

The development of ‘Monolektrik Kit’ for the topic on Series and Parallel Circuits for secondary school Science and its’ usability among Physics trainee’s teachers

This paper describes the development of a ‘Monolektrik Kit’ teaching and learning tool for secondary school students studying series and parallel circuits. It consists of games that also incorporate inquiry learning during game-based learning sessions. The developmental research design is based on the ADDIE instructional model. The sample consisted of 27 seventh-semester Physics trainee teachers, who were randomly sampled. The instrument was a questionnaire developed from a standardised questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale assessment. It has four dimensions: usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction. Three experts in the field assessed the validity of the kit. Data were analysed using percentage agreement, mean, and standard deviation. With a percentage agreement of 97.63%, the validity results suggest that the kit has high validity. Usability’s overall mean and standard deviation were (M=3.58, SD=0.39). The mean and standard deviation for usefulness (M=3.58, SD=0.39), ease of use (M=3.59, SD=0.39), ease of learning (M=3.62, SD=0.37), and satisfaction (M=3.55, SD=0.41), respectively. Finally, the research provided a validated ‘Monolektrik Kit’ which has the potential to increase student comprehension of series and parallel circuits.

A Method for Controlling Series and Parallel Nonlinear Time-Varying LRC Circuits

Series and parallel LRC circuit systems are widely encountered in numerous electrical, electronics, control issues and differential equation applications. Accurate control of the current in series and voltage in parallel LRC circuit systems with nonlinear time-varying inductance, resistance and capacitance is a challenge. In this study, a novel approach proposed for control of current in nonlinear time-varying series LRC circuit and voltage in nonlinear and time-varying parallel LRC circuit. The proposed controller is characterized by a nonlinear algebraic equation and straining the tracking error converge to zero. Illustrative results confirm the proposed approach for forcing the current /voltage in series and parallel nonlinear time-varying LRC circuit to follow the targeted current /voltage trajectories efficiently. The proposed approach shows great novelty to determine the dynamics behavior of nonlinear time-varying systems. Therefore, the obtained results generalize and improve the existing conclusions. Simulations illustrate the feasibility and validity of the theoretical results.

Investigation of optical, TD-DFT calculation and electrical conductivity in semiconducting [(CH3)NH3]2ZnBr4

Hybrid Organic-inorganic materials are the most promising systems in the optoelectronic and photovoltaic fields with other potential applications. In this work, the [(CH3)NH3]2ZnBr4 compound was successfully prepared using a slow evaporation solution growth method at room temperature. The XRPD (X-ray powder diffraction) analysis showed the formation of a single-phase with monoclinic structure (P21/c space group). The morphology of the powder was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was performed for a chemical characterization. The optical absorption measurement was investigated by UV-vis absorption, confirming the semiconductor nature with a band gap around 2.87 eV. Additionally, absorption spectrum and HOMO-LUMO gap energy are calculated using TD-DFT method. The nature and the strength of intermolecular interactions between organic and inorganic species are discussed through Hirshfeld surfaces (HS) and Atoms In Molecules (AIM) analysis. The analysis of complex impedance spectra shows that the electrical properties of the material are heavily dependent on frequency and temperature, indicating a relaxation phenomenon and semiconductor-type behavior. The Nyquist plots (-Z″ vs. Z′) revealed the presence of two contributions at different temperatures associated with grain and grain boundary. The obtained results have been adjusted using two circuits in series containing each one a resistance in parallel to a CPE capacitance. The temperature dependence of the bulk conductivity was found to obey the Arrhenius law with activation energies are: Ea1= 1.55 eV in phase I and Ea2= 1.21 eV in phase II. The evolution of the dielectric constant as a function of temperature has been investigated in order to discuss the mechanism of the phase transition.

Dynamic Response of Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

Ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) are widely used in the security industry as well as in analytical measurements. Nevertheless, the IMS input is dynamic in nature because the sampling input can vary over time. Similar to most instruments, IMS is unable to respond immediately to variations in the input sample. Therefore, the measurements are made under transient conditions, which may affect the results. This work investigates the dynamic response of an IMS to different inputs, including steps, pulsed, exponential, and Gaussian functions. A theoretical model was developed based on two phenomena: the accumulation or dilution of a sample in the ionization region and the adsorption or desorption inside the injection port. Both processes have a charging/discharging nature. Thus, a mathematical expression was derived that takes into account two RC circuits in series. Fitting the output signal of the experimental data to the expression obtained from the model gave reasonable time constants of 2-4 s and 15-20 s for the dilution and the desorption processes, respectively. The model performance was evaluated by comparing the output with the experimental results, which were in excellent correlation. IMS was also found to behave in a manner similar to a second-order instrument, in which the output is related to the input via a second-order differential equation. These results are applicable to GC-IMS and IMS-based detectors.

Improvements in desorption rate and electrode stability of membrane capacitive deionization systems by optimizing operation parameters

The operating parameters necessary to improve the desorption rate of a membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) system while controlling the Faradaic reactions were studied. The total charge (QT) accumulated in the carbon electrode was set as the main operating parameter determining the desorption rate of the MCDI system. After adsorption was performed until the preset QT value was reached using the MCDI unit cell, desorption was performed at a cell potential of -0.2 V. As a result of this MCDI operation, the average desorption rate increased in proportion to the QT value. Additionally, the ratio of desorption charge according to the desorption time was consistent regardless of QT. Through this, it could be seen that the desorption process of the MCDI system is similar to the discharge characteristic of a series circuit comprising a resistor (R) and a capacitor (C). If the desorption time is too short during the MCDI operation, some charges will remain in the carbon electrode. When the adsorption charge (Qad) is supplied again, QT increases. When QT exceeds the maximum allowable charge (MAC), which is the total charge at the onset of Faradaic reactions, electrode reactions can occur. Through RC circuit analysis, a model equation for calculating the minimum desorption time required to operate a MCDI system without the occurrence of Faradaic reactions was derived. As a result of MCDI operation while changing the desorption time, the desalination performance almost matched the result predicted through the model equation. Additionally, it was found that the smaller Qad is, the shorter the desorption time, resulting in a higher desalination rate of the MCDI system.

Design of Micro Power Energy Harvesting by Using High-Powered Engine Noise (Case Study: Generator Set ITK)

Study on design of micro power energy harvesting using high-power engine noise was aimed to compare the output voltage generated between random noise and stable noise and also determined the piezoelectric circuit variation which produced by ITK’s generator set noise. The noise energy harvester consisted of a quarter wavelength resonator box, three fins, and 3 ceramics piezoelectric. Function generator used to produce a stable wave and the ITK’s engine used to generate random wave. The first experimental result showed that piezoelectric average output voltage from noise engine was higher than noise from function generator when the circuit variation was 1 piezoelectric, parallel circuit, and 3 parallel-series piezoelectric and the opposite, series circuits generated average output voltage was the lowest. The pattern of piezolectric average output voltage which was generated from noise engine source fluctuates, didn’t as stable as noise function generator. This research also got the result that three series piezoelectric generated average output voltage higher than the others with the value of 201,07 mV when SPL and f respectively was 103,5 dB and 223,62 Hz. A higher output would be generated by increase the number of piezoelectric and arranged them into series circuit.

Meningkatkan Minat dan Hasil Belajar Fisika Siswa melalui Bimbingan Belajar Menggunakan Alat Peraga Rangkaian Listrik

Learning that occurs in schools certainly has many obstacles and difficulties for students. As a result of online learning that was previously done, many students did not understand the learning material. Learning that occurs and takes place for students in science lessons, especially physics, has been a difficult lesson because of the many formulas and theories that tend to be memorized so that students feel less interested. In physics lessons, experiments are needed to improve students' understanding, so tutoring is carried out after school to overcome students' difficulties using teaching aids with the experimental method. Community service activities with tutoring are carried out at SMP Negeri 1 Tapian Nauli. Props used in electrical circuit material. With props that have been made can help students gain understanding and maximum learning outcomes in the tutoring carried out. The development of this electric circuit aid helps students to practice skills and understanding on series circuits and parallel circuits. The results of this tutoring activity increased student interest and learning outcomes, seen the average value of students before using the electric circuit teaching aid was 34.69 and after using the electric circuit teaching aid 86.57. Based on the N-Gain analysis, it is known that student learning outcomes are categorized as high and the results of the T test (Paired Sample Test) show a significant difference. The electric circuit teaching aids developed are very feasible, practical and effective to use in learning for students.

Analisa Perbandingan Daya Keluaran Panel Surya Tipe Monokristalin 50wp Yang Dirangakai Seri Dan Paralel Pada Instalasi Plts Off-Grid

Indonesia is a country that has the potential to develop solar energy. In Indonesia, there is a tool that functions to convert solar energy into electrical energy called photovoltaic. The research uses monocrystalline solar panels because they are the most efficient and produce the highest electrical power per unit area. This research aims to analyze the comparison of solar cells, which are arranged in series and parallel to the output power. Researchers made direct observations of the field and studied after getting some data from the measurement results. Then conclude from the results of this observation. Sampling was researched on the output of solar panels located at BBPLK Serang. The method used is the comparative analysis method, by comparing the differences and similarities of an event. The voltage and currently issued by a series of solar panels is 35.77V and 3.18A. The results of the voltage and presently published by a parallel series of solar panels are 17,69V and 6.38 A. The power is produced by a series circuit of 113.75atts and a parallel circuit of 112,86Watts. From the output power results, the series circuit is 0,89Watts greater than the parallel circuit. Judging from the advantages and disadvantages, it is better to install PLTS Off-Grid installations in parallel. If damage to damaged components is damaged, it will be easier to inspect, and several other panels can still function properly, so electricity continues to flow.