Circle Technique Research Articles

The Influence Of Using Inside – Outside Circle (Ioc) Technique Toward Students’ Speaking Ability At The Second Year Of Ma Negeri 1 East Lampung

One of the objectives in foreign language teaching in Indonesia is to improve speaking skill accurately and fluently. Speaking is one of difficult aspect for students to master. This is hardly surprising when one considers everything that is involved when speaking: ideas, what to say, language, how to use grammar and vocabulary pronunciation as well as listening to and reacting to the person you are communicating with. The purpose of this research is to know there is any positive and significant influence of using Inside Outside Circle (IOC) technique toward students’ speaking ability at the second year students of MA Negeri 1 East Lampung academic year 2016/2017. This research is quantitative research. Research design that is used in this research is quasi experimental design. Data collecting technique of this research consists of pretest, treatment and posttest. The researcher gives test to know how far the students ability in speaking. The score of the students get from pretest and posttest. Inside Outside Circle influence the students’ speaking ability. It is appropriate with the result of the students score. It was proved based on the result of ttest, where tcount was 15,89 were higher than ttable was 2.0 in significance level 5% and 2,66 in significance level 1%. It means that there is an influence of Inside Outside Circle technique toward students speaking ability in second year of MA Negeri 1 East Lampung.

Improving Students Writing by Using Inside Outside Circle at IKIP PGRI Pontianak

This research aims to describe (1) whether and to what extent the implementation of Inside Outside Circle technique improves students’ writing; (2) the difficulties which occur in implementing of Inside Outside Circle technique in improving students’ writing. This action research study is carried out on the third semester at private university in Pontianak.The research is carried out in 2 cycles. Every cycle consists of four steps: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The qualitative data are collected by using techniques of observation and documentation, while quantitative data are collected by using test (pre-test and post-test). The qualitative data are analyzed through descriptive analysis which consists of assembling the data, coding the data, comparing the data, building interpretation, and reporting the outcomes. The quantitative data are analyzed through descriptive statistics. The research findings show that Inside Outside Circle technique can improve students’ writing and its difficulties found in the implementation.Key words: inside outside circle, writing, classroom action research

The Use of Inside Outside Circle Technique to Improve Student's Writing on Recount Text

This study is to see the improvement of student’s writing skill on recount text for eight grade students of MTs Al-Khairiyah Pulokencana by using Inside Outside Circle Technique. The subject of this research is the students of Eight Grade of MTs Al-Kahiriyah Pulokencana which consist of 25 students. The method used in this study is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which the researcher works collaboratively with the observer. This study was conducted following kemmis with the following procedure of the research: Planning, Action, Observation and Reflection. The study carried out in two cycles and each cycle consist of two meetings. The observation and the test were the data gathered in this study. The results in this study indicate that there is improvement of the students’ skill in writing recount text. Most of the students gradually gained good score at the end of the cycle. The score of Minimum Mastery Criteion – Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) of English lesson was 70.00 (seventy). The researcher analyzes the writing component containing content, organization, vocabulary, languge use and mechanics. The mean score in cycle I is 65,36 and the mean score in cycle II is 76. Based on the mean score of both cycle, the mean score in cycle II is higher than cycle I. So there is improvement of writing skill of the second grade students of MTs Al-Khairiyah Pulokencana after being taught by using Inside Outside Circle Technique.

INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE: TEACHING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL

Abstract : Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that can involve producing and receiving and processing information. it is very important productive skill in our daily life as a connector for each other. The research was about the influence of using inside outside circle towards students’ speaking skill at the eighth grade of SMP N 2 Sumberejo in the academic year of 2016/2017. The research is to know the influence of using inside outside circle toward speaking skill. The research methodology was quasi experimental design. In this research, the population was the seventh grade of SMP N 2 Sumberejo Tanggamus. The sample of this research was two classes consisting of 36 students for experimental class and 34 students for control class. In the experimental class, the researcher used Inside Outside Circle and in the control class the teacher used Dialogue Memorization Technique. The treatments were held in 3 meetings in which 2x40 minutes for each class. In collecting the data, the researcher used oral test instrument. Before giving the treatment, the researcher gave pre-test for both classes. Then, after conducting the treatments, the instrument was given in post-test. After giving pre-test and post-test, the researcher analyzed the data using SPSS to compute independent sample t-test. After giving the post test, the researcher analyzed the data by using independent sample t-test. It was found out that result of Sig. (Pvalue) = 0.012 < α = 0.05. It means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Therefore, there is a significant influence of using Inside Outside Circle towards students’ speaking skill at the second semester of the eighth grade of SMP N 2 Sumberejo Tanggamus in the academic year of 2016/2017 . Keywords : speaking, dialogue, inside outside circle technique, quasi experimental

The Effect of Scapula Tilt and Best-Fit Circle Placement When Measuring Glenoid Bone Loss in Shoulder Instability Patients

To analyze the effect of lack of standardization on the reliability of current measurement techniques for glenoid bone loss in clinical practice. Ten consecutive patients with anterior glenoid bone loss due to recurrent anterior shoulder instability and available computed tomographic (CT) scans of the affected shoulder were included in this study. One hundred seventy 3-dimensional en-face view images of the 10 glenoids with up to 20° degrees of tilt in the anterior, posterior, superior, and inferior direction were rendered. Three independent observers first identified the en-face view images and subsequently performed measurements of the defect surface and diameter as well as the glenoid surface and diameter on all 170 images. Measurements were completed based on the conventional best-fit circle technique using the edge of the visible glenoid bone as reference and additionally based on the so-called spoon technique, which places the best-fit circle on the edge of the visible glenoid concavity. The overall agreement regarding en-face view image selection between the observers was 30% (K-alpha= 0.10, 95% confidence interval 0.02-0.22). Tilt of the en-face view in any direction resulted in significant alterations of all 4 measurement parameters as well as the relative defect area and diameter (P < .05). The conventional and the spoon techniques rendered significantly different results regarding all 4 measurement parameters as well as the relative defect area (P < .05). Impreciseness of scapula positioning for creation of an en-face view of the glenoid as well as varying best-fit circle placement significantly alter glenoid defect size measurement results. Because the glenoid defect size plays an important role in the choice of treatment for anterior shoulder instability, measurement techniques need to be as precise as possible.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inside-Outside Circle untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran PKn

The purpose of this research are: (1) To increase student learning activity on Civic subject by using Inside-Outside Circle model. (2) To improve learning outcomes by using Inside-Outside Circle technique. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR). Implementation carried out as much as 2 cycles, each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the study were the fourth grade students of SDN 101768 Tembung. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observations and tests. The results show that the use of Inside-Outside Circle model can increase student activity and learning result which is seen from the increase of active participation of students in group discussion, ability to identify learning with Inside-Outside Circle model. Improved learning process is able to increase student learning activities. The liveliness of students in asking before action 14,81%, in cycle I is 37,2%, in cycle II is 81,45%. The activity of students in answering questions before action 7.4%, in the first cycle is 37.03%, the second cycle is 74.07%. Student activity in attitude before action of 7,4%, in cycle I is 44,4%, in cycle II is 74,07%. Activity of student in doing problem independently before action 37,03%, in cycle I is 55,5%, in cycle II is 74,07%. Value of PKN student learning outcomes before action is only 31.25% with an average score of 56.5 while in cycle I, the value of student learning outcomes increased to 62.5% with a mean score of 70.31. In the second cycle the value of student learning outcomes that reach KKM is 81.25% with an average value of 74.06.

Bipolar Bone Loss in Patients With Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: A Comparison of Adolescents Versus Adult Patients

To compare bipolar bone loss by evaluating the degree of glenoid bone loss, Hill-Sachs lesion size, and glenoid track in adolescents and adults with shoulder dislocations. We performed a retrospective review between 2012 and 2016 of surgical and nonsurgical patients with a history of anterior shoulder dislocations (primary or recurrent) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the affected shoulder. The exclusion criteria included multidirectional instability, prior surgery, and posterior dislocation. Patients were grouped into 2 groups: adolescents (aged 10-19years) and adults (aged ≥20years). The groups were compared regarding measures of glenoid bone loss (best-fit circle technique) and Hill-Sachs lesion size (medial margin of rotator cuff footprint to medial margin of Hill-Sachs lesion). If the medial margin of a Hill-Sachs lesion was within the glenoid track, it was defined as on track; if it was more medial than the glenoid track, it was defined as off track. We identified 45 adolescents (mean age, 16.1years) and 30 adults (mean age, 28.9years) with anterior shoulder dislocations. There was no significant difference in percentage of bone loss between adolescents (mean, 8.4%) and adults (mean, 9.9%; P= .23). There was no significant difference in Hill-Sachs lesion size between adolescents (mean, 12.7mm) and adults (mean, 9.9mm; P= .12). There were 12 patients with off-track lesions. Off-track lesions were present in 11 of 45 adolescents (24.4%) and 1 of 30 adults (3.3%). Adolescents had an increased risk of having an off-track lesion (odds ratio, 9.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-77.1). A subgroup analysis identified multiple dislocations as an independent risk factor for an off-track lesion (odds ratio, 4.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-20.23). This study shows that adolescence and a history of multiple dislocations are independent risk factors for a greater likelihood of glenoid off-track lesions. The findings support the use of bipolar assessment of shoulder dislocators, especially in adolescents and multiple dislocators. Level III, retrospective comparative study.

One-Pot Synthesis of Multiple Protein-Encapsulated DNA Flowers and Their Application in Intracellular Protein Delivery.

Inspired by biological systems, many biomimetic methods suggest fabrication of functional materials with unique physicochemical properties. Such methods frequently generate organic-inorganic composites that feature highly ordered hierarchical structures with intriguing properties, distinct from their individual components. A striking example is that of DNA-inorganic hybrid micro/nanostructures, fabricated by the rolling circle technique. Here, a novel concept for the encapsulation of bioactive proteins in DNA flowers (DNF) while maintaining the activity of protein payloads is reported. A wide range of proteins, including enzymes, can be simultaneously associated with the growing DNA strands and Mg2 PPi crystals during the rolling circle process, ultimately leading to the direct immobilization of proteins into DNF. The unique porous structure of this construct, along with the abundance of Mg ions and DNA molecules present, provides many interaction sites for proteins, enabling high loading efficiency and enhanced stability. Further, as a proof of concept, it is demonstrated that the DNF can deliver payloads of cytotoxic protein (i.e., RNase A) to the cells without a loss in its biological function and structural integrity, resulting in highly increased cell death compared to the free protein.

SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHER CANDIDATES’ SENSITIVITY AND AWARENESS LEVELS IN NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION

As environment education gains importance in a changing and developing world, studies about this subject has beenincreasing every day. Nature and environment education is one of the most important subjects being studied.Environmental education applications are insufficient in the education faculties of our country’s universities. For nature andenvironmental education to reach its goals new approaches should be included in the curriculum. Many different teachingtechniques, including using field trips, can be used and new techniques can be developed.For this study, a field trip in which social studies teacher candidates had practical nature and environmental educationwas organized with 33 (20 female, 13 male) second-year teacher candidates studying Social Studies Education in NiğdeUniversity’s Faculty of Education. During the field trip, the researcher also used speaking circle technique with thecandidates. The purpose of the field trip is to determine the candidates’ awareness level about environmental pollution.First, candidates’ views on pollution factor on Çakıt River and its effects were taken. Later, students got detailed on-siteinformation about recycling by visiting plastic waste recycling, paper waste recycling and water waste recycling facilities.In this study, experimental design, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. No control group pre-test post-testmethod was used. Five open-ended questions were developed for the study. It was aimed to raise teacher candidates’awareness by teaching them behaviors, skills and values that they can pass on to the future generations.

Design and Development of Low-Cost Low Sidelobe Level Slotted Waveguide Antenna Array in X-Band

This paper presents a low-cost low-profile compact waveguide-fed slotted antenna array with very low average sidelobe level (ASLL) in X-band. The desired current distribution on the antenna array’s aperture is synthesized using Schelkunoff’s unit circle technique combined with genetic algorithm technique. The antenna array design based on the synthesized current distribution is carried out using finite integration technique -based commercial EM simulator. The designed antenna is fabricated using a low-cost fabrication process. The measured results obtained are in good agreement with the simulated results. This work is extremely useful for the radar applications.

Investigating optimal technique in the presence of motor system noise: application to the double layout somersault dismount on high bar

Minimising joint torque is often used as an optimisation criterion when investigating human movement. Alternatively, an aspect of performance may be chosen to be maximised when investigating sporting movements. The aim of the study was to optimise the technique in the backward giant circle prior to a double layout somersault dismount from the high bar using various criteria to determine which best characterised the technique adopted by a gymnast. Ten recorded gymnast trials were used to determine bar release parameters and the level of noise in the gymnast’s movements. A computer simulation model of a gymnast and bar was used to optimise giant circle technique under three criteria: minimising joint torques, maximising the release window and maximising success in the presence of motor system noise. Local and global optimisations of technique were performed using the three criteria starting from the average technique of the 10 recorded trials. All global optimum solutions diverged from the gymnast’s technique. The local optimum for maximising success in the presence of noise had a success rate comparable with the global optimum (98% vs. 100%, respectively). It is concluded that the gymnast’s technique is characterised by maximising success despite operating with motor system noise.

Quality circle technique in tertiary health care system: A Sustainability model.

Objectives: To find out important administrative/human resource problems, barrier may exist and role of quality circle in improvement of quality of sanitation at tertiary health care system. Study design: Observational descriptive case study Study setting: In August 2014, a study was initiated to establish quality circles in a 1407-bed tertiary care hospital in Central India. After the administrative process and a pilot study, experimental units began implementing the quality circle program in September 2014. After exploring many problems related to patient care it was decided to address poor hospital sanitation as it was felt an important issue. Study participants: All full time permanent workers willing to participate in the study as a group member and one of the member was elected as group leader. Main outcome: Effective functioning of quality circle, tremendous improvement in ambiance in terms of floor, side walls, toilet and hospital waste management assessed by qualitative means- observations and feedback. Results: Majority 98.5% of the hospital problems were of C and D category. Predominant problem was poor sanitation, poor hospital waste management and robotic work pattern. It was decided to form quality circles for well-defined problem so that with the help of facilitator and group leaders were able to solve problem with full participation. At this juncture there is “no foul smell no filth”. Waste is properly collected and disposed of. Focus group discussion with different circle reveals work satisfaction. Discussion with other staff said that “tremendous improvement in all aspect of hospital environment”. However; it was a converse situation in nonquality circle areas. Conclusion: Quality circle programme at Government Medical College, Nagpur, and tertiary hospital tremendously improved hospital sanitation without additional financial inputs from hospital administration. Working together with some knowledge about problems and its easy elucidation provided by group members tremendously achieved desire goal in terms of quality of hospital sanitation. Outcome is not only be amazing but it will also help us to stumble on our own lacunae and facilitate designing of a better system.

Methodological Limitations of Determining Global Pollution Index as a Tool for Environmental Impact Assessment and a Proposed Extension

In Global Estimation Methodology for the Ecosystem State, Rojanschi (1991) used the geometric correlation method to assess the impact of human activity on environment and derived an indicator termed as Global Pollution Index (I_pg). The index is capable of describing the real state of environment at a particular location in respect to the national or international standard. However the method is only applicable when at least three environmental components (such as water, air, soil) are considered. In 2005 Popa proposed Alternative geometric correlation method which is also applicable when minimum two environmental components are investigated. However Popa’s method suffers from the limitation of taking average of average values of investigated data and lack geometric figure which show the real status of all the corresponding environmental components. Hence in several cases (as shown in the current paper), the Popa’s pollution index gives misleading information. In this paper, limitations of both Rojanschi’s and Popa’s methods are discussed and to rectify their limitations, a new scheme termed as ‘Extended Rojanschi’s Method’ is proposed. The proposed method includes concentric/eccentric circle technique for one and two environmental components in addition to the basic Rojanschi’s method. Thus the new method is applicable to any number of environmental component from literally one to infinite. It also provides an option to calculate pollution index from actual investigated data instead of their average value (as in Rojanschi’s method) or average of average value (as in Popa’s method). In proposed method the geometric figures are also capable of representing real status of all the investigated environmental components in respect to their ideal state (which is impossible in Popa’s method) and pollution index can be calculated even from one or two environmental component (which is impossible in original Rojanschi’s method).

Critical Bone Loss in Shoulder Instability Reconsidered: Subcritical Bone Loss Correlates to Worse Outcome in Arthroscopic Bankart Repair

Critical Bone Loss in Shoulder Instability Reconsidered: Subcritical Bone Loss Correlates to Worse Outcome in Arthroscopic Bankart Repair

Association between pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging and reparability of large and massive rotator cuff tears

It is recognized that a percentage of large and massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs) cannot be anatomically repaired. We hypothesized that factors identified on pre-operative MRI would be associated with rotator cuff reparability. A single-surgeon retrospective study was performed on patients who had undergone either an anatomical or partial repair of a large or massive RCT. Pre-operative MRI images were evaluated by a fellowship-trained shoulder surgeon, blinded to the surgical outcome. Stump location, tear dimension in the coronal and sagittal plane, fatty infiltration, muscle atrophy (occupation ratio, tangent sign), and superior migration of the humeral head (acromion-humeral distance, inferior glenohumeral distance, and best-fit humeral circle technique) were assessed as the predictors of repair. Logistic regression and chi-square analyses were used. A total of sixty patients with median age 63 (range 40-83) were included. On MRI, reparability was associated with increased medial-lateral (ML) tear size (p = 0.003), but not increased AP tear size (n.s.). An association was seen between partial repair and tendon retraction to or beyond the glenoid (p = 0.0005), positive tangent sign (p = 0.04), advanced supraspinatus fatty infiltration in isolation (p = 0.046), combined advanced supraspinatus and infraspinatus fatty infiltration (p = 0.04), and superior migration of the humeral head as measured by the inferior glenohumeral distance only (p = 0.004). Multivariable analysis identified increased ML tear size as the most significant factor associated with partial repair. This study demonstrates that MRI findings of tendon retraction to or beyond the glenoid, increased inferior glenohumeral distance, and a positive tangent sign are associated with irreparability of large and massive RCTs.

The importance of CT for the pre-operative surgical planning in recurrent anterior shoulder instability

MRI is the current pre-operative imaging standard in recurrent anterior shoulder instability; however, CT has increasingly gained interest due to its advantages in the detection of bony glenoid defects. This study compares the value of CT imaging and MRI for pre-operative surgical planning in recurrent anterior shoulder instability. Between 2006 and 2009, 83 patients presented to the author's department with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. For 48 patients, both, pre-operative MRI and CT images were available. The respective patho-morphological descriptions were retrospectively compared with the intra-operative findings. The effect of each imaging technique on the pre-operative surgical planning was analyzed and the accuracy in predicting the necessity of open versus arthroscopic surgery was compared. In determining the necessity of open versus arthroscopic surgery CT imaging rendered an inaccurate prediction in 4.8 % of the cases which is less than the 25.0 % calculated for MRI. (p = 0.019). MRI showed a low sensitivity (35.3 %) in the detection of significant glenoid bone defects (≥20 % of the glenoid width measured on en-face views using a best-fit circle technique) while CT imaging provided an accurate prediction of the intra-operative finding in all cases. Despite the advantages of MRI in the detection of soft tissue damages in recurrent anterior shoulder instability CT imaging proved to be more important for pre-operative planning by prevailing in the detection of glenoid defects. Therefore, the replacement of MRI as preoperative imaging standard with CT imaging is recommended.

Acesso e integralidade: a compreensão dos usuários de uma rede de saúde mental

This article analyzes user viewpoints regarding mental health care, with a focus on comprehensiveness and access at Psychosocial Care Centers (PCCs). It is a qualitative study with theoretical and methodological references of the Fourth Generation Evaluation and application of the Hermeneutic Dialectic Circle technique. Twelve users of ten mental health services in Fortaleza were interviewed from March to May 2011. Themes of the study were grouped from the narratives, with the hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur as the benchmark for analysis. The thematic categories were: viewpoints on mental healthcare; conflicts between supply and the subjective need to receive; similarities and differences: from tutelage to autonomy; absence and belonging: open PCCs and non-community centers; between stigma and humanization. The main findings are: the PCCs are seen as spaces for conviviality able to establish affective and social networks; stigma, prejudice and tutelage are present in the services, in their families and in the community; asylum practices persist in alternative services; the humanization of care extends access and bonding in the services; the trajectory of users of the Unified Health System occurs due to their social and health needs.

Molecular diagnosis of a laboratory mouse papillomavirus (MusPV)

MusPV, a novel papillomavirus (PV) that naturally infects laboratory mice, was isolated and characterized from a colony of NMRI-Foxn1nu/Foxn1nu (nude) mice in India. Because MusPV may have been missed during routine pathogen screening of mice in colonies worldwide, a variety of detection methods are described to detect MusPV. The clinical and histologic lesions of productive MusPV infections fit PV-associated features, including papillomas, koilocytes within the stratum granulosum of the hyperplastic/acanthotic papillomatous epithelium, and the presence of intranuclear virus particles in koilocytotic cells visualized by electron microscopy. Antiserum against disrupted PV virions, isolated from another species (canine), identified conserved viral antigens in productively infected cells by immunohistochemistry. A rolling circle technique was used to amplify viral circular DNAs followed by endonuclease restriction enzyme digestion to determine the correct size of PV DNA. Consensus PV degenerative primers, My09/11, commonly used to detect many different types of PVs by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), particularly mucosotropic HPVs, also identified MusPV and all rodent PVs tested. Since there was one nucleotide mismatch between the My09/11 primer set and the MusPV template, a new primer set, MusPV–My09/11, was designed to specifically detect MusPV in latent infections and spontaneous MusPV-induced papillomas. Southern blot analysis verified the presence of full size PV DNA in infected tissues. Virus-like particles (VLPs), generated from MusPV L1 genes, provided a substrate for serological testing of naturally and experimentally infected mice. In summary, a series of diagnostic assays were developed and validated to detect MusPV infection in skin tumors and serological response in laboratory mice.

Modified reduction mammoplasty with central pedicle-double circle technique

Objective To review the clinical data of reduction mammoplasty by central pedicle technique,and to summarize all kinds of the complications to modify the technique for improvement of long term aesthetic effects.Methods The postoperative complications were analyzd and then an approach was used to investigate the pattern of the blood supply and the nerve distribution of breast.Based on the anatomical study,a modified double-circle reduction mammoplasty technique was designed to treat patients with hypertrophical breasts. Results With a follow-up for 3 months to 3 years,the patients who underwent this modified central pedicle technique,had an invisible scar,good projection,the better shape of breast and preserved their sensation of nipple-areola complex.Conclusions Modified central pedicle technique is a safe and reliable technique,especially ideal for Chinese women.The blood supply is rich and the sensation of nipple-areola complex is preserved.The fixation of the gland tissue is more important than the dermal-bra. Key words: Macromastia; Reduction mammoplasty; Central pedicle

Circles on pommel horse with a suspended aid: Spatio-temporal characteristics

A suspended aid is popular for learning circles and for refining circle technique on pommel horse. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using a suspended aid on the biomechanical characteristics of circles. This first study focused specifically on the spatio-temporal characteristics of circles. Eighteen gymnasts performed three sets of 10 circles with and without a suspended aid on a pommel horse under which two force plates were set. Three-dimensional coordinates were acquired using 13 Qualisys motion tracking cameras operating at 100Hz. The results showed that circles with the aid were characterised by a smaller body flexion angle, a greater shoulder angle, a greater ankle circle diameter, earlier hand releases, and a longer total duration. In contrast, the body lateral flexion angle, the arm-leaning angle, and the shoulder circle diameter remained relatively similar to circles without the aid. It was confirmed that circles with the aid actually appeared to be more desirable in terms of the movement amplitude. In this sense, a suspended aid could function as spotting, which is often used for a progression to learn gymnastics skills and to let gymnasts experience a desired movement pattern.