Cinnamic Acid Esters Research Articles

Exploring the Antiviral Potential of Esters of Cinnamic Acids with Quercetin.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 762 million people to date and has caused approximately 7 million deaths all around the world, involving more than 187 countries. Although currently available vaccines show high efficacy in preventing severe respiratory complications in infected patients, the high number of mutations in the S proteins of the current variants is responsible for the high level of immune evasion and transmissibility of the virus and the reduced effectiveness of acquired immunity. In this scenario, the development of safe and effective drugs of synthetic or natural origin to suppress viral replication and treat acute forms of COVID-19 remains a valid therapeutic challenge. Given the successful history of flavonoids-based drug discovery, we developed esters of substituted cinnamic acids with quercetin to evaluate their in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of Coronaviruses. Interestingly, two derivatives, the 3,4-methylenedioxy 6 and the ester of acid 7, have proved to be effective in reducing OC43-induced cytopathogenicity, showing interesting EC50s profiles. The ester of synaptic acid 7 in particular, which is not endowed with relevant cytotoxicity under any of the tested conditions, turned out to be active against OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, showing a promising EC50. Therefore, said compound was selected as the lead object of further analysis. When tested in a yield reduction, assay 7 produced a significant dose-dependent reduction in viral titer. However, the compound was not virucidal, as exposure to high concentrations of it did not affect viral infectivity, nor did it affect hCoV-OC43 penetration into pre-treated host cells. Additional studies on the action mechanism have suggested that our derivative may inhibit viral endocytosis by reducing viral attachment to host cells.

Novel cinnamic acid-based PET derivatives as quorum sensing modulators

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is widely used material in the healthcare due to its mechanical properties including resistance to chemicals and abrasion. However, it is susceptible to bacterial attachment and contamination. This study addresses some newly designed model compounds of PET with antimicrobial properties that could potentially be incorporated into PET materials. All compounds were synthesized for the first time by labeling an integral part of PET with chromophores in the form of esters of cinnamic and ferulic acids. After complete structural characterization, the effect of new compounds on microbial growth and communication (quorum sensing, QS) was analyzed and further investigated using molecular docking. The obtained results indicate that the introduction of chromophores that have one part of cinnamic acid enriched with a methoxy functional group in them acts as QS modulators. Moreover, compounds exhibited dose-dependent selectivity toward QS signaling pathways and the highest tested concentration of compounds showed Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) inhibitory activity suggesting that these compounds have a potential effect on pyocyanin production. Docking studies demonstrated that compounds hold binding power to all four QS protein targets (LuxP, periplasmatic protein that binds AI-2 inducer and forms a complex able to transduce the autoinducer signal, RhIR protein that is a key QS transcriptional regulator that activates the genes involved in the synthesis of rhamnolipids and pyocyanin, AbaI protein that has a role in QS signal transduction, and LasR protein which is a key QS transcriptional regulator that activates transcription of genes coding for some virulence-associated traits) while the highest binding strength is observed with compounds 2 and 6 containing single cinnamic acid fragment, suggesting their further biomedical application.

A new cinnamic acid ester derivative from Liquidambaris Resina

Twelve compounds were isolated from Liquidambaris Resina by silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral data, electron capture detector data, and physicochemical properties as(2'R, 3'R)-2',3'-dihydroxy-hydrocinnamyl-(E)-cinnamate(1),(E)-cinnamyl-(E)-cinnamate(2), cinnamic acid(3), 28-norlup-20(29)-en-3-one-17β-hydroperoxide(4), erythrodiol(5), 13β,28-epoxy-30-hydroxyolean-1-en-3-one(6),(3β)-olean-12-ene-3,23-diol(7), 2α,3α-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(8), 28-hydroxyolean-12-en-3-one(9), 3-epi-oleanolic acid(10), 3-oxo-oleanolic acid(11), and hederagenin(12). Compound 1 was a new cinnamic acid ester derivative and compounds 2-4,6-8, and 12 were isolated from Liquidambaris Resina for the first time. Compounds 4, 5, 10, and 12 exerted inhibitory effects on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) with the IC_(50) values of(17.43±2.17),(35.32±0.61),(27.50±0.80), and(46.30±0.30) μmol·L~(-1), respectively.

Qualitative and Quantitative Secondary Metabolite Profiles in a Large Set of Sumatra Benzoin Samples.

Sumatra benzoin, a resin produced by Styrax benzoin and Styrax paralleloneurum, is used as an aromatic agent and may have the potential to be developed as a new agricultural fungicide. In this context, we performed a comprehensive metabolite profiling of a commercial grade A resin by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection, evaporative light scattering detection, and mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ELSD-MS) analysis in combination with 1H NMR. Thirteen compounds including a new cinnamic acid ester containing two p-coumaroyl residues were identified after preparative isolation. These compounds accounted for an estimated 90% of the crude resin according to 1H NMR analysis. The two major constituents, p-coumaryl cinnamate (5) and sumaresinolic acid (11), were quantified by HPLC analysis. In a next step, the chemical profiles and the content in p-coumaryl cinnamate were compared in a large set of resin samples of different quality grades that were obtained from various commercial suppliers in Sumatra. The qualitative profiles of the samples were very similar, but significant quantitative differences were observed between different quality grades and origins of the samples for the relative contents.

Methoxylated Cinnamic Esters with Antiproliferative and Antimetastatic Effects on Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, and malignant melanomas are highly lethal owing to their elevated metastatic potential. Despite improvements in therapeutic approaches, cancer treatments are not completely effective. Thus, new drug candidates are continuously sought. We synthesized mono- and di-methoxylated cinnamic acid esters and investigated their antitumor potential. A cell viability assay was performed to identify promising substances against A549 (non-small-cell lung cancer) and SK-MEL-147 (melanoma) cells. (E)-2,5-dimethoxybenzyl 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)acrylate (4m), a monomethoxylated cinnamic acid derivative, was identified as the lead antitumor compound, and its antitumor potential was deeply investigated. Various approaches were employed to investigate the antiproliferative (clonogenic assay and cell cycle analysis), proapoptotic (annexin V assay), and antimigratory (wound-healing and adhesion assays) activities of 4m on A549 cells. In addition, western blotting was performed to explore its mechanism of action. We demonstrated that 4m inhibits the proliferation of A549 by promoting cyclin B downregulation and cell cycle arrest at G2/M. Antimigratory and proapoptotic activities of 4m on A549 were also observed. The antitumor potential of 4m involved its ability to modulate the mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway once phosphorylated-ERK expression was considerably reduced in response to treatment. Our findings demonstrate that 4m is a promising anticancer drug candidate.

Synthesis of butyl cinnamate using enzymatic membrane reactor in a free solvent system

Cinnamic acid is a phenolic compound that has the potential to act as a natural antioxidant. Cinnamic acid esterification can be performed by adding alcohol as an alkyl group donor. This esterification is carried out to increase the antioxidant capacity of cinnamic acid. Esterification of cinnamic acid with butanol as the alkyl group donor was the best condition to modify cinnamic acid. In this study, the synthesis of butyl cinnamate using a enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR) is carried out continuously with Lipozyme TL IM as the catalyst. This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for the synthesis of butyl cinnamate using various concentrations of cinnamic acid, biocatalyst, residence time, and the presence of molecular sieves. The synthesis of butyl cinnamate at 40°C was optimum when molecular sieves were present with 0.01 M cinnamic acid concentration, 1% (w/v) biocatalyst, and 12 h of residence time.

Esters of Cinnamic Acid as Green Plasticizers for Polylactide Formulations with Improved Ductility

AbstractThis study demonstrates the potential of different cinnamate esters, namely methyl trans‐cinnamate (MC), isobutyl cinnamate (IBC), allyl cinnamate (AC), and ethyl cinnamate (EC), as environmentally friendly plasticizers for polylactide (PLA). Plasticized PLA formulations with a constant nominal wt% of 20 of each plasticizer are compounded in a twin‐screw co‐rotating extruder and subsequently processed by injection molding. The results show exceptional plasticization efficiency of AC with an increase in elongation at break from 3.9% (neat PLA), up to 339.4% and a remarkable increase in impact strength, thus showing great potential to overcome the main drawback related to PLA intrinsic brittleness. The incorporation of cinnamates in a PLA matrix leads to a decrease in Tg from 61.7 °C down to 36.1 °C for the plasticized PLA formulation containing 20 wt% AC. Thermogravimetry analysis reveals that a slight plasticizer loss occurs during processing, as it happens with other monomeric plasticizers, but this phenomenon does not limit their plasticization efficiency. Therefore, the results obtained in this study confirm the suitability of a new family of organic compounds derived from the esterification of cinnamic acid as green plasticizers for PLA with improved toughness, with comparable, or even superior, ductile properties of typical plasticizers for PLA.

Toxicity and larvicidal activity on Aedes aegypti of citronella essential oil submitted to enzymatic esterification.

The essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) has several biological activities, among them the insect repellent action. Some studies showed that cinnamic acid esters can be applied as natural pesticides, insecticides and fungicides. In this context, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the production of esters from citronella essential oil with cinnamic acid via enzymatic esterification. Besides, the essential oil toxicity before and after esterification against Artemia salina and larvicidal action on Aedes aegypti was investigated. Esters were produced using cinnamic acid as the acylating agent and citronella essential oil (3:1) in heptane and 15 wt% NS 88011 enzyme as biocatalysts, at 70 °C and 150 rpm. Conversion rates of citronellyl and geranyl cinnamates were 58.7 and 69.0% for NS 88011, respectively. For the toxicity to Artemia salina LC50 results of 5.29 μg mL-1 were obtained for the essential oil and 4.36 μg mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with NS 88011. In the insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, was obtained LC50 of 111.84 μg mL-1 for the essential oil of citronella and 86.30 μg mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with the enzyme NS 88011, indicating high toxicity of the esters. The results demonstrated that the evaluated samples present potential of application as bioinsecticide.

Supramolecular Pd@methioine-EDTA-chitosan nanocomposite: an effective and recyclable bio-based and eco-friendly catalyst for the green Heck cross-coupling reaction under mild conditions.

Supramolecular palladium(ii) supported on modified chitosan by dl-methionine using an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid linker (Pd@MET-EDTA-CS) was designed and prepared through a simple procedure. The structure of this novel supramolecular nanocomposite was characterized by different spectroscopic, microscopic and analytical techniques including FTIR, EDX, XRD, FESEM, TGA, DRS, TEM, AA, and BET. The obtained bio-based nanomaterial was successfully investigated, as a highly efficient and green heterogeneous catalyst, in the Heck cross-coupling reaction (HCR) for the synthesis of various valuable biologically active cinnamic acid ester derivatives from the corresponding aryl halides using several acrylates. Indeed, aryl halides containing I or Br survived very well under optimized conditions to afford the corresponding products compared to the substrates with Cl. The prepared Pd@MET-EDTA-CS nanocatalyst promoted the HCR in high to excellent yields and short reaction times with minimum Pd loading (0.0027 mol%) on its structure as well as without any leaching occurring during the process. The recovery of the catalyst was performed by simple filtration and the catalytic activity remained approximately constant after five runs for the model reaction.

Comparison of different methods for the extraction of essential oil from the rhizome part of Kaempferia galanga linn

Kaempferia galanga linn (KGL) is a well-known condiment in Southeast Asia, consisting of huge advantages for health sustainability. This research aims to compare the essential oils (EOs) yield of the KGL rhizome utilising modern technologies – solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to the traditional method of hydrodistillation (HD). The influence of process parameters on the oil yield is determined and the composition of the extracts is characterised using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GCMS). The SFME has been demonstrated as the most excellent method in producing substantially high yield in a shorter time (40 min, 2.54 %) in comparison to the MAE (40 min, 1.03%) and HD (3 h, 0.14%). Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate from the class of cinnamic acid ester appears as the main volatile constituent with a percent content of 11.6%, 10%, and 13.4% obtained by SFME, MAE, and HD, respectively. The SEM analysis of the KGL reveals that microwave technology caused a significant plant cell wall rupture, thus promoting faster oil extraction than the traditional extraction approach. This study demonstrates that SFME is a promising alternative to producing essential oil as natural products without solvent, safer for pharmaceutical and food industries.

Methyl Esters of (E)-Cinnamic Acid: Activity against the Plant-Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and In Silico Interaction with Histone Deacetylase

(E)-Cinnamaldehyde is very active against Meloidogyne incognita but has low persistence in soil. To circumvent this problem, esters of cinnamic acid were evaluated as a substitute for (E)-cinnamaldehyde. The best results under assays with M. incognita second-stage juveniles (J2) were obtained for the methyl esters of (E)-p-fluoro- (13), (E)-p-chloro- (14), and (E)-p-bromocinnamic acid (15), which showed lethal concentrations to 50% (LC50) J2 of 168, 95, and 216 μg/mL, respectively. Under the same conditions, the LC50 values for the nematicides carbofuran and fluensulfone were 160 and 34 μg/mL, respectively. Substances 13-15 were also active against nematode eggs, which account for most of the M. incognita population in the field. According to an in silico study, substances 13-15 can act against the nematode through inhibition of histone deacetylase. Therefore, esters 13-15 and histone deacetylase are potentially useful for the rational design of new nematicides for the control of M. incognita.

Design and synthesis of novel 7-ethyl-10-fluoro-20-O-(cinnamic acid ester)-camptothecin derivatives as potential high selectivity and low toxicity topoisomerase I inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma

A series of new 7-ethyl-10-fluoro-20-O-(cinnamic acid ester)-camptothecin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines including HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), SW480 (colorectal cancer), A2780 (ovarian cancer), and Hucct1 (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma). The results of cytotoxic activities in vitro showed that most of the camptothecin derivatives harbor promising cytotoxic activity against tested tumor cell lines. Among them, compound XJS-11 exhibited broad-spectrum inhibitory activities against HepG2, SW480, A2780, and Hucct1 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.03, 0.09, 0.22, and 0.32 μM, respectively. Further investigation demonstrated that compound XJS-11 exhibited more effective growth inhibition against a variety of human hepatoma cells (Sk-hep-1, Hep3B and Huh7) and lower cytotoxicity against immortalized normal human liver cell line L02 than the positive control topotecan. Especially, XJS-11 showed higher selective toxicity in two kinds of human hepatoma cells and immortalized normal human liver cell line (IC50(L-02)/IC50(HepG2) = 113.20; IC50(L-02)/IC50(Hep3B) = 85.60) than topotecan (IC50(L-02)/IC50(HepG2) = 9.45; IC50(L-02)/IC50(Hep3B) = 8.52). Mechanistically, XJS-11 induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in HepG2 and Hep3B cells by inhibiting Top I activity in a manner similar to that of topotecan. Meanwhile, XJS-11 could attenuate the tumor growth in both xenograft and primary HCC mouse models. In addition, the acute toxicity assay showed that XJS-11 did not cause lethality or significant body weight loss with a single intraperitoneal dose at 100 mg/kg or with an intraperitoneal dose at 25 mg/kg for 7 days. Moreover, unlike topotecan, XJS-11 had no apparent toxicity to the mouse liver, kidney, and hemopoietic system of the C57BL/6 mice. Taken together, XJS-11 merits further development as a new generation of the camptothecin-derived drug candidate.

Derivatives of Cinnamic Acid Esters and Terpenic Diversity in Volatiles of Thirty-Six Sand Ginger (Kaempferia galanga L.) Accessions of Eastern India Revealing Quality Chemovars.

The essential oil of Kaempferia galanga L. commonly known as sand ginger has increased its demand in national and international market for decades. Cinnamic acid esters like ethyl-p-methoxy cinnamate (EPMC) and ethyl cinnamate (EC) are major constituents in its essential oil. In spite of the high demand for the plant as raw material, identification of quality chemovars having high essential oil (EO) yield and constituents is still at an infant stage. With this in mind, we have evaluated the EO yield of 36 accessions from three provinces of Eastern India, which varied within a range of 0.41 ± 0.01 to 2.63 ± 0.03 v/w. Further, a total of 65 compounds were detected by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with area percentages varying from 76.16 to 97.3%. EPMC was found to be the major component in 14 accessions with area percentages varying from 10.7% to 41.1%, whereas other 22 accessions showed EC as the major constituent, varying from 16% to 29.1%. Further, a diversity study among accessions was performed by agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA) analysis based on the abundance of identified constituents, which categorized all 36 accessions into three clusters. Thus, the present study helps to identify quality chemovar K.g16 and K.g14 with respect to oil yield and constituents, respectively, which could be used to guide commercial cultivation and further improvement of the taxa.

Synthesis of cinnamic acid ester derivatives with antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities on murine melanoma cells

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, and its incidence has continued to rise during the past decades. Conventional treatments present severe side effects in cancer patients, and melanoma can be refractory to commonly used anticancer drugs, which justify the efforts to find new potential anti-melanoma drugs. An alternative to promote the discovery of new pharmacological substances would be modifying chemical groups from a bioactive compound. Here we describe the synthesis of seventeen compounds derived from cinnamic acid and their bioactivity evaluation against melanoma cells. The compound phenyl 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoate (3q) was the most effective against murine B16-F10 cells, as observed in cytotoxicity and cell migration assays. Simultaneously, this compound showed low cytotoxic activity on non-tumor cells. At the highest concentration, the compound 3q was able to trigger apoptosis, whereas, at lower concentrations, it affected the cell cycle and melanoma cell proliferation. Furthermore, cinnamate 3q impaired cell invasion, adhesion, colonization, and actin polymerization. In conclusion, these results highlight the antiproliferative and antimetastatic potential of cinnamic acid derivatives on melanoma.

NMR used to study the side-reactions between peroxides and antioxidants during the reactive extrusion process of the impact polypropylene

Side reaction pathways are observed to occur between antioxidants and peroxide during the processing of multiple resin grades mediated by controlled peroxide-induced degradation of impact polypropylene. In the present work, the reaction mechanism and main by-products between antioxidants and peroxides were investigated. The results demonstrate that peroxides greatly accelerate the decomposition reactions, and the free radicals formed from peroxide decomposition react with, for example, the antioxidant AO1010 to produce dehydrogenation of phenyl propionic unit(s) at the α position (cinnamic acid ester moiety), which generates a conjugated system leading to the increased color of the product. It is the first time to confirm the cinnamic acid moiety's existence and report its NMR data. Further, this work confirms the dehydrogenation mechanism by comparison with different sterically hindered phenolic antioxidants. It also systematically summarizes the oxidation and degradation mechanism of AO168 and AO1010 under air and peroxide environments, respectively. Based on present study, clear guidelines are obtained to improve the quality of polymeric products, especially the appearance and stability, during product development.

Synthesis, in silico, and in vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation of 3β-cinnamoyloxy substituted pregna-4,16-diene-6,20-diones derivatives

Pregnane derivatives have been studied mainly for their 5α-reductase activity. However, the anti-inflammatory activities of such compounds are still poorly explored. In the search for new anti-inflammatory agents, seven new pregnane derivatives 6a-g, with cinnamic acid esters at C-3 were prepared and fully characterized. The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds was assessed in TPA induced mice ear model. From them, compound 6 b was the most active to reduce edema, with an ED50 of 0.017 mg/ear. Also, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics studies were performed to identify a potential molecular target related to the inflammatory process. The in vivo results suggest that 6 b could be a potent anti-inflammatory compound, while in silico studies suggest its interaction with some critical enzymes in the inflammatory response.

Metabolic products of European-type propolis. Synthesis and analysis of glucuronides and sulfates

Ethnopharmacological relevancePropolis is a bee-derived product used since antiquity for its general health-giving properties and is especially noted for its anti-bacterial activity. In more recent times, propolis has been employed against more specific targets such as antiproliferative effects vs cancer cells, wound healing and type-2 diabetes. Aim of the studyEuropean (poplar)-type propolis from New Zealand contains a number of hydroxy cinnamic acid esters and a set of aglycone flavonoid compounds, mainly chrysin, galangin, pinocembrin and pinobanksin. Propolis is usually taken orally and propolis metabolites quickly appear in the plasma of the ingested. In this work we aimed to identify the major flavonoid plasma metabolites by direct analysis of the plasma. Materials and methodsAfter consumption of a large dose of propolis in a single sitting, blood samples were taken and analysed using LCMS/MS. The major flavonoid metabolites identified were also synthesised using chemical (sulfates) or enzymatic methods (glucuronides). ResultsBoth the sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of the four major propolis flavonoids are readily detected in human plasma after propolis ingestion. Preparation of the sulfates and glucuronides of the four major flavonoids allowed the relative proportions of the various metabolites to be determined. Although the sulfates are seen as large peaks in the LCMS/MS, the glucuronides are the dominant conjugate species. ConclusionsThis study shows most of the flavonoids in the plasma are present as 7-O-glucuronides with only galangin showing some di-glucuronidation (3,7-O-diglucuronide). No evidence was found for hydroxy cinnamic acid type metabolites in the plasma samples.

Visible-light promoted oxidative cyclization of cinnamic acid derivatives using xanthone as the photocatalyst.

We have developed an efficient photocatalytic synthesis of coumarin derivatives via a tandem double bond isomerization/oxidative cyclization of cinnamic acids. Inexpensive and stable xanthone was used as the photocatalyst, and readily available Selectfluor was used as the oxidant. This method tolerates a wide range of functional groups and offers excellent chemical yields in general. Besides, the photocatalytic oxidative cyclization of cinnamic acid esters gives dimerized lignan-type products.

Sığla yağının sinnamik asit ve alkollerinden elde edilen türevler

Sığla ağacı (Liquidambar orientalis Miller) Türkiye’de yetişen endemik bir ağaç türüdür. Muğla bölgesinde (Köyceğiz, Fethiye) yetişen ağaç dünyada 4 türe sahiptir. Sığla ağacı görünüş olarak çınara benzer fakat yaprakları çınar yaprağından daha küçüktür. Ağaçlar uzun ömürlü (200-300 yıl) ve 25-30 metre uzunluğa sahiptirler. Ağacın çoğalması, tohum, kök ve kütük sürgünlerden olur. Ormanların kesilmesi ve aşırı üretim gibi sebeplerden günümüzde sığla ormanlarının miktarı çok düşmüştür. Sığla yağı ağacın gövdesi kazınarak elde edilir. Bir zamanlar önemli bir ihraç maddesi olan sığla yağı günümüzde bu önemini kaybetmiştir. Kahverengimsi sarı renkte olup yarı sıvıdır. Acı bir tada ve sinnamik aside benzer bir kokuya sahiptir. % 35-40 civarındaki sinnamik asidi serbest ve ester halinde bulundurur. %1 civarında uçucu yağa sahip olan sığla yağı aynı zamanda % 60 civarında sitoresin denilen triterpen asidleri de içerir. Çalışmamızda sığla yağı, Muğla Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Köyceğiz Orman İşletmesinden sağlandı. Yağ içinde bulunan sinnamik asit esterleri alkollü KOH çözeltisi ile hidroliz edildi. Hidroliz sonucu esterler, potasyum sinnamat ve alkollere dönüştürüldü. Potasyum sinnamat asitlendirilerek sinnamik aside sonra metil alkol ve etil alkolle tiyonil klorür varlığında esterlerine çevrildi. Alkoller, asetil klorür ile reaksiyona sokularak asetat türevlerine dönüştürüldü. Bu oluşan esterler, 1H NMR ve IR ve GC/MS gibi değişik teknikler ile karakterize edildi.

Free Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chlorogenic Acid Mediated Silver Nanoparticle

Introduction: Nanotechnology is a field of research and innovation concerned with building 'things' - generally, materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules. It is a booming field of this 21st century. The role of nano technology is becoming very crucial in nearly every aspect of life ranging from cosmetics to advanced bio technological approaches. In recent years, silver nanoparticles have gained considerable attention in the field of medicine. The green synthesis of nanoparticles eliminates the generation and use of hazardous substances and thus sustains non toxicity. Chlorogenic acids are phenolic compounds formed by the esterification of cinnamic acids. They exhibit various pharmacological Properties. Our study deals with the green synthesis of Chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticles and assessment of their anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
 
 Aim: The present study aims at assessing the antioxidant and anti inflammatory property of chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticle and investigating the efficacy of Chlorogenic acid mediated Silver nanoparticle.
 Materials and Methods: The methodology includes Green synthesis of Chlorogenic acid mediated Silver nano particle synthesis followed by tests for Anti inflammation and Anti oxidation.
 Results: Both the Anti inflammatory and Anti oxidation activity of the chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticle had shown a proportionate increase in activity with increasing concentration of the compound.
 Conclusion: Chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticles have shown significant anti inflammatory and anti oxidation activity and they are considered as potent anti inflammatory and antioxidant agents.