CIMB Niaga Research Articles

Does bank health level effect the profitability? Case study on core capital bank group 4 green banking pioneers

The research aims as well as the health conditions of banks that affect profitability. The population and sample in this study are the Core Capital Bank Group 4 Green Banking Pioneers. This study used a sample consisting of 10 Core Capital Bank Group 4 category banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, namely: CIMB Niaga, Danamon, Panin, Permata, OCBC NISP, BTPN, Maybank Indonesia, BTN, Mega, and BSI. This study uses secondary data obtained through annual bank financial reports for green banking indicators and sustainability reports for CSR during the Covid-19 pandemic from early 2020 to the end of 2021. The analytical method in this study uses multiple linear regression and simple linear regression. The results showed that the Capital Adequacy Ratio had a positive effect on profitability, BOPO had a negative effect on profitability and Non-Performing Loans had a negative effect on profitability.

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Pada Bank CIMB Niaga Cabang Mataram

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of service quality, namely tagible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness and assurance on customer satisfaction at Bank CIMB Niaga Mataram Branch. The sampling technique used purvosive sampling and obtained 50 customers. Data analysis techniques use the classic assumption test and hypothesis testing. The results of the study using the t test show that partially the responsiveness and assurance variables have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. While the variables of tangibles, emphaty and reliability partially have no effect on customer satisfaction. The results of testing the hypothesis using the F test show that the variables of tangibles, emphaty, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance simultaneously affect customer satisfaction.

Pemetaan Penelitian seputar Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah dan Konvensional: Studi Bibliometrik VOSviewer dan Literature Review

This study aims to determine the development of research around CIMB Niaga Islamic and Conventional Bank. The research was conducted from 2011 to 2022, by searching national journals indexed by Sinta via the Garuda website, with the keyword “CIMB Niaga”. Based on the search results, there were 99 research articles, then inputted into the VOSviewer application and analyzed descriptively through a literature review study. The results showed that the number of publications had increased significantly every year. Furthermore, based on the results detected using the VOSviewer application, research related to CIMB Niaga Bank is divided into 8 clusters and 116 items. Meanwhile, based on the results of a literature review study, there are 8 main themes related to CIMB Niaga Islamic and Conventional Bank.

Effect of Internal Control System and Reward System on Managerial Performance with Locus of Control as Moderating Variable in Banking

This study aims to: (1) assess the effect of the internal control system on managerial performance, (2) To assess the effect of the reward system on managerial performance (3) assess the effect of the internal control system on managerial performance with the locus of control as a moderating variable; (4) To assess the effect of the reward system on managerial performance with the locus of control as a moderating variable. This study uses primary data through a survey of 36 managers divided into three groups in each pre-determined sub-branch office at Mandiri Bank, Indonesian People's Bank, State Savings Bank, and CIMB Niaga Makassar City. Data were analyzed using the statistical product and service solution (SPSS) program. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the internal control system has a negative and significant effect on managerial performance, (2) the reward system has a positive and significant effect on managerial performance, and (3) the internal control system has a positive and significant effect on managerial performance with a locus of control. as a moderating variable, (4) Reward system has a negative and significant effect on managerial performance with the locus of control as a moderating variable.

Factors Affecting Organizational Effectiveness at Employees of PT. CIMB Merchant Bank

In this study, we focus on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as an extra role behavior and seek to examine the moderation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior mediated to Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the context of developing countries. This study aims to analyze the effect of Organizational Effectiveness, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Happiness at Work, and Self-Efficacy, on employees of PT Bank Cimb Niaga, Tbk in Jakarta. This research was carried out in the form of a field study and used SPSS Amos data because the data was collected only at one time to look for relationships between variables. This sample was taken from employees of Private Banking Services, West Jakarta, in the customer, teller, marketing, finance, accounting, and IT department as respondents. The population studied is 240 employees in Private Banking Services in West Jakarta. The description of data describes the respondents' characteristics based on the questionnaire's criteria. Male and female respondents have the same number because the sampling was conducted in the customer service, teller, marketing, finance, accounting, and IT divisions. Happiness at Work positively and significantly affects Organizational Citizenship Behavior at PT. Bank Cimb Niaga, Tbk in Jakarta. Self Efficacy has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior at PT. Bank Cimb Niaga, Tbk in Jakarta. Organizational Citizenship Behavior has a positive effect on Organizational Effectiveness at PT. Bank Cimb Niaga, Tbk in Jakarta.

The Influence of Financial Technology and Quality of Service on Satisfaction and Loyalty on Employees of Bank CIMB Niaga Bukit Barisan Branch on Grab App Users

The Influence of Financial Technology and Quality of Service on Satisfaction and Loyalty on Employees of Bank CIMB Niaga Bukit Barisan Branch on Grab App Users

PERAN RELATIONSHIP MANAGER DALAM MEMBINA HUBUNGAN BAIK DENGAN CUSTOMER , STUDI PADA CIMB NIAGA PONDOK INDAH

The job or position of a manager in a company, one of that is Relationship Manager. This
 position is often understood as one of the sales positions in the company, but this position also
 has various job descriptions other than as a salesperson in the company. Relationship Manager
 or relationship manager is a person who has the duty and responsibility to build and maintain
 good relations between the company and the parties seen in it, such as partners and clients of the
 company. Research methods this research uses qualitative research methods, research
 conducted at Bank CIMB Niaga branch Pondok Indahactivities carried out RM CIMB Niaga in
 establishing good relations with customers include updating customer data, daily meetings
 through conference calls, meetings with bank partners, recognizing customers personally,
 Receiving suggestions and complaints from customers, giving gifts to customers, holding events
 and inviting customers to events the efforts made by bank CIMB Niaga and RM have been quite
 helpful for RM in establishing good communication with customers. With good communication it
 will create a harmonious relationship between the bank and the customer. The good and
 harmonious relationship created will help RM's work process in the future, namely in
 introducing and selling bank products.

PARATE EKSEKUSI ATAS TANAH HAK MILIK SEBAGAI JAMINAN UTANG

A credit arrangement existed between M.Nova Irdiansa, the debtor, and Bank CIMB Niaga, the creditor, in the case that took place on October 20, 2014. In its ruling on the issue, the Supreme Court's panel of judges rejected the plaintiffs' request for a memorandum of cassation, which was included in the judgement. The plaintiffs in this case, M.Nova Irdiansa and Hj.Enny Adriati, are subject to Article 6 of the Mortgage Act (Parate Eksecusi), which provides legal certainty for debt repayment. The issue is whether Bank CIMB Niaga's execution of mortgage rights on freehold land through a public auction complies with the Minister of Finance Regulation Number 27/PMK.06/2016. Research method is normative law, analytical descriptive, the source literature studies, interviews informants and using deductive logic method. The results the research, discussion and conclusion are that the judge rejected the plaintiffs' cassation because Bank CIMB Niaga was proven to have been authorized by law to carry out executions without the consent of the debtor granting Mortgage Rights (Parate Execution), the implementation of which was based on the promise in Article 2 number 6 Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights (APHT) Number 233/2014, namely by way of auction because it had been agreed beforehand.

Clustering Pelanggan Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means Clustering di 7 MCC (Industry) Credit Card PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk.

Electronics & gadgets, hotels, hospitals, groceries and F&B are the 5 biggest transaction usage at PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. which focuses on shopping activities using a credit card. The number of customer visits fluctuates so much that it is difficult to determine customer interest in buying a product. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics, product categories and merchants in the top 5 MCC (Industry) at PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. There are three variables, namely customer characteristics, product categories, and merchants. Data processing is assisted by the SPSS V.25 application. Loyal Electronics & Gadgets customers are cluster 2. In addition, hotels also have loyal customers in cluster 6. Loyal Hospital customers are cluster 5. PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. (Card Business) is the 4th Book Bank in Indonesia which in the Usage Partnership Card Business Division focuses on shopping activities in various industries. The number of customer transactions is very fluctuating, making it difficult to determine customer interest in buying a product. The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics, product categories and merchants in the top 5 transactions of CIMB Niaga credit card users in Indonesia using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. This article discusses how the grounded theory method is applied in a qualitative research. Qualitative research using the grounded theory method starts from data to achieve a theory and not starting from theory or to test a theory, so that in grounded theory research it is necessary to have various procedures or steps that are systematic and well planned. The qualitative research procedure using the grounded theory method consists of several stages, namely: a) the problem formulation stage, 2) the theoretical study application stage (if necessary), 3) the data collection and sampling stage, 4) the data analysis stage, and 5) the conclusion stage or report writing. However, the five stages of grounded theory research occur simultaneously. Researchers observe, collect and organize data and form theories from data at the same time. One of the important techniques in grounded theory research is the process of constant comparison in which each data is compared with all other data one by one. Data can be collected through interviews, observation, recording, or a combination of these methods. The quality of grounded theory research is largely determined by these steps which are carried out properly, correctly, and disciplined.

Examining the Effect of Customer Relationship Marketing on Customer Loyalty at CIMB Niaga Bank, Indonesia

Cimb Niaga Bank needs a surefire strategy to win competition in the banking world, and relationship marketing is one of the strategic concepts that can be used by banks to win competition. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect of customer relationship marketing on customer loyalty. This study is designed using a quantitative approach through survey questionnaire. A total of 100 CIMB bank customers participated in this study. The sample of this study is CIMB bank customer follower in CIMB_Niaga's Instagram account as much as 266,000. The collected data analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. In addition, the data collection techniques used in this study are through literacy studies as well as data on the bank's annual performance report. The result indicated that financial benefits, social benefits and structural benefits have a significant and positive effect on customer loyalty. In conclusion, this study identified that the customers consider to always be loyal and customers have a benefit to always be in touch with Cimb Niaga Bank. Financial benefits are the existence of rewards in the form of prizes in the form of prizes in the form of prizes in the draw to customers or souvenirs given to customers. Social benefits are maintaining good relations with customers, able to solve well the problems faced by customers quickly. Structural benefits where the bank can guarantee customer funds so that Bank CIMB Niaga can improve performance because it can provide relationship benefits to customers. Of the three benefits that most dominantly affect customer loyalty is the social benefits. This study provides advice or assistance for CIMB Niaga Bank to increase the customer loyalty. Further research can expand the scope of study considering more detailed approach in measuring customer loyalty.

THE EFFECT OF LENDING, THIRD PARTY FUNDS, NUMBER OF BRANCH OFFICES AND NON-PERFORMING LOANS ON BANKING PROFITABILITY

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of Lending, Third Party Funds, Number of Branch Offices and Non-Performing Loans on banking profitability. This quantitative associative research uses conventional commercial banks as the population with the Book IV category in Indonesia for the 2012-2019, with secondary data type in the form of annual reports of banking companies. The method used to collect the sample of this research is purposive sampling, that is based on predetermined criteria, there are 5 banks in the Book IV category that match the specified criteria, namely BNI, BRI, BCA, Bank Mandiri and CIMB Niaga. This study uses panel data regression analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that partially lending has no effect on profitability. Variable Third Party Funds has no effect on profitability. Variable Number of Branch Offices has a positive effect on profitability. The Non-Performing Loan variable has a negative effect on banking profitability at Conventional Commercial Banks (Book IV Category)

Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Komitmen Organisasional terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Bank Cimb Niaga Kendari

This study aims to determine the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on employee performance at PT. Bank CIMB Niaga Kendari. The research is motivated by the demand to be able to improve the quality of its human resources, so that the company's overall performance can excel in banking competitiveness. This study applies quantitative research procedures by distributing questionnaires to respondents totaling 31 employees. The analytical method used is the method of multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study concluded: 1) job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Bank CIMB Niaga Kendari; 2) job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Bank CIMB Niaga Kendari; and 3) organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Bank CIMB Niaga Kendari.

GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PERAWATAN DENTAL BLEACHING PADA PETUGAS TELLER DAN CUSTOMER SERVICE BANK DI KOTA PADANG

<em>Dental bleaching is an aesthetic dental care that popular in the society. Public interest in the dental bleaching increase as the increasing the need of aesthetic itself, especially in those who work as teller and customer service who always interacts with people and need to look good. Dental bleaching uses chemical material which has side effects for the consumer, if it is being used freely without awareness about its procedures and a dentist’s supervision. The aim of study is to know the description about teller and customer service knowledge on dental bleaching. This study uses descriptive method. The sample of study is 65 tellers and customer services of BNI, Nagari, CIMB Niaga, Bukopin, Kesejahteraan, Maybank, and Pundi in Padang. The sampling technique is probability proportional to size. There are 26 (40%) respondent had high level knowledge about dental bleaching and 39 (60%) respondent had low level knowledge about dental bleaching. The conclusion of this study is most of the tellers and customer services had low level knowledge about dental bleaching care, that is 39 (60%) respondent.</em>

Manajemen Perubahan untuk Mantan Karyawan: Evaluasi dan Penelitian atas Banyaknya Kegagalan dan Kendala dalam Menjalankan Bisnis Bagi Pemula: Episode 1. Bisnis Adalah Pelayanan dan Solusi Bagi Pelanggan (Konsep Pelayanan Pelanggan)

The most certain thing to happen is change. The passage of time shows the certainty of this change itself, as we have understood that periods of time change episodes need to be addressed properly so that the changes that occur have a beneficial impact. Change always brings uncertainty, but always has patterns that can be learned to reduce the risk of uncertainty itself. For example, during the last pandemic in 2020 - 2022 there were many changes in people's activity patterns which greatly affected work patterns including the emergence of the term "Work From Home" or WFH, and even more extreme changes due to termination of employment or layoffs that companies were forced to do because of changes business situation and condition. This is very important to observe and research, because the situation forces change and because of the responsibilities and demands for the high necessities of life, ideally ex- employees can get a new job in accordance with their field, but it often happens that it is not that easy to get a new job as desired by former employees. This article is an introduction for former employees who want or are forced to change professions as entrepreneurs in order to reduce the risk of failure in dealing with changes in activities and new situations and conditions. So in the full episode the author is also a former International Commercial Bank employee for almost 20 years, namely HSBC and CIMB Niaga. Evaluating and researching the many failures and obstacles in running a business for beginners. For former employees, there are opportunities or opportunities to become self-employed by utilizing available resources as initial capital to initiate changes in new activity patterns at work.. This is the Episode number 1 of total 10 episode. Business is service and solutions for customers (Customer service concept). The definition of customer service or customer service is a service provided by a company that has a duty as a means of consulting, problem solving and information center for each client/customer it has. In Indonesian, Service means service and customers are customers. According to KBBI, service means an effort to serve the needs of others by obtaining rewards.

ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN ARSIP STATIS DEBITUR PADA DIVISI LOAN WORKOUT PT BANK CIMB NIAGA, Tbk.

<p><em><span lang="IN">Debtor static archive management research was conducted to find out the provisions or administrative guidelines related to the static credit document filing system in the Loan Workout Commercial Banking and Enterprise Banking Business (LWO COMBA and EBB) divisions at PT. Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. This research is interesting to do because there is a different management of static archives due to the reduction in workspace due to the Covid-19 outbreak. To achieve the research objectives, data from 3 (three) informants are needed who understand the management of static archives. Using qualitative methods with a case study approach. Research data sourced from observation with participation, unstructured interviews and documentation. Using the triangulation validity test and data analysis techniques using the Miles model from Huberman and Saldana (2014). The results of this study refer to the theory of archive management The Liang Gie (2009) which includes four indicators. The debtor static archive storage system only consists of three indicators, namely archive storage according to the alphabet of the debtor's name, the subject matter according to the classification of credit document storage rules and sorting the dates listed on the credit documents. Meanwhile, regional indicators are not included in the filing rules by PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. and the number indicator is done by numbering the orderner and the archive storage box</span></em></p>

Dana Sukuk sebagai Alternative Sumber Dana Pembiayaan pada Bank Syariah

This study looks at the issuance and development of sukuk at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah and looks at the utilization of sukuk funds at Bank Cimb Niaga CIMB NIAGA Syariah. The method in this research uses descriptive qualitative, in data collection using documentation techniques with secondary data as the analysis. The purpose of this research is to determine the process of issuance and development of sukuk funds at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah and to determine the utilization of sukuk funds at Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah. The function of this research is to be able to increase scientific literature in the field of Islamic capital markets related to Islamic banking, related to Sharia Bank Sukuk. The result of this research is that in the issuance of Sukuk Mudharabah Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah has followed the POJK rules, which have been explained in several articles related to the issuance of Sukuk Mudharabah. And there is conformity in the Sukuk Mudharabah issuance scheme according to the OJK with the CIMB NIAGA Syariah Bank Sukuk Mudharabah scheme. As for the development of sukuk funds at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah, it has been running according to the target in their issuance and it can be said that the bank with the highest value of sukuk registered with the Indonesian Financial Services Authority is Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah. In utilizing sukuk funds at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah, use them to support sharia financing with a musyarakah mutanaqisah (MMQ) financing contract Keywords: Fund Utilization, Sukuk Mudharabah, Sharia Financing Musyarakah Mutanaqisah

The Effect of E-wallet and Sales Promotion on Purchasing Decisions

E-wallet is an electronic device, online service, or software program that allows one party to make electronic transactions with another party bartering digital currency units for goods and services. This can include purchasing items on-line with a computer or using a smartphone to purchase something at a store. Currently in Indonesia there are many kinds of E-Wallets including; DOKU, BBM money bank Permata, cash XL, Telkomsel T-Cash, CIMB Niaga Mobile Account, and so on. One example of an E-wallet is Gopay, inaugurated in April 2016 that can be used in all payment transactions in the Gojek application. This study aims to investigate the effects of E-wallet and Sales Promotion of Hop Hop Purchasing Decisions among high school students in the city of North Jakarta. This is explanatory research using probability sampling method and using a questionnaire on Google Form for collecting data. The sample used is 100 respondents from high school students who use the GOPAY electronic wallet to buy Hop Hop in the city of North Jakarta. This research uses quantitative analysis: validity, reliability, classic assumptions, correlation coefficient, determination coefficient, simple and multiple linear regression, hypothesis significance of t test and F test. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that there was an effect of E-wallet and Sales Promotion on purchasing decisions. The variable correlation coefficient of the use of E-wallet and Sales Promotion on the GOPAY E-wallet has a strong relationship. The coefficient of determination of the variable using E-wallet on the Purchasing Decision variable is 59.4%, and the coefficient of determination of the Sales Promotion variable on the Purchasing Decision variable is 43.1%.

Tinjauan Yuridis Kepailitan Akibat Pembatalan Homologasi Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang

This study aims to evaluate the judge's legal reasoning in the judgment Number: 4/Pdt.Sus. Peace Cancellation/2019/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Jo. Number 718K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2019, as well as how the cancellation of the homologation of the postponement of debt payment obligations led to insolvency. Analysis of the matter between PT Arpeni Pratama Ocean Line Tbk and PT CIMB Niaga in their respective roles as debtor and creditor. Due to the debtor's negligence with the homologated peace document, the creditor petitions the Commercial Court to annul the peace agreement. At the level of the Commercial Court, the court denied the demand for cancellation. The Creditors file an appeal with the Supreme Court in response to the verdict of the Commercial Court Judge. The Supreme Court judge observed in his ruling that he had approved the creditor's motion to reject the reconciliation. This study combines a descriptive-analytical research technique in conjunction with a legal research strategy consisting of a normative juridical or statutory approach and qualitative analysis methodologies. Case research for Decision Number 4/Pdt.Sus.Cancellation of Peace/2019/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Jo. Number 718K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2019 revealed that the judge's legal considerations at the first level were in conflict with several Civil Code articles and the principle of balance in Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Temporary Debt Payment Obligations. The judge of the Supreme Court who accepts the petition for peace annulment declares the debtor bankrupt with all legal consequences.

LEGAL STUDY ON THE CRIMINAL ACT OF ROBBERY PLANNING AT CIMB COMMERCE BANK BY A GROUP CRIMINAL CRIME AROUND THE REGION MEDAN CITY (CASE STUDY OF DECISION NUMBER 706/PID.B/2011/PN.MDN)

Acts of terrorism for any reason are not justified, either in a positive legal framework or in a religious perspective. The acts of terror carried out in Indonesia after the Bali bombings in 2002 have claimed many lives, property, have taken away the right to life and disturbed the peace of the community. For the city of Medan, in addition to the bombing, terror acts were carried out in the form of bank robberies with the motive of radicalism. One of the interesting things to study is tracing the motives of radicalism in the terrorist acts of robbery at the CIMB Niaga Bank in Medan City. the concept of deradicalization to counter terror acts in the future. The focus of this research is the robbery case of Bank CIMB Niaga Medan with the object of research on court decisions against the defendants of the robbery of Bank CIMB Medan. This type of research includes empirical normative research with a case study approach and exploratory analysis. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, literature review and focused discussions. The data analysis technique was carried out qualitatively. Qualitative analysis in this study was conducted to find a description of the roots of radicalism in acts of terrorism in the robbery case of Bank CIMB Niaga Medan which had legal force (incracht). This research is planned to be conducted in 1 year with a case study approach and exploratory analysis. Data collection was carried out by studying literature by collecting the results of previous studies and court decisions against convicts of the robbery of Bank CIMB Niaga Medan, then data collection activities were also carried out by means of interviews with criminal law experts and terrorism experts. Based on a literature search and analysis of the Medan District Court's decision Number 706/Pid.B/2011/PN.Mdn dated August 2, 2011 which tried the perpetrators of the Medan City Branch of the CIMB Niaga Bank Robbery, information was obtained that there was no connection with the crime of terrorism. The Medan District Court has decided on 14 defendants, all of whom were legally and convincingly proven to have committed acts of terrorism. The defendant's mistakes under the provisions of the Terrorism Law are different from each other and the criminal events that have been proven to be proven also vary, because the defendants are not all perpetrators of the robbery of Bank CIMB Niaga Medan. Based on the judge's verdict from the Medan District Court's decision, it was concluded that there was no radical motive in the terrorism case of the Medan City Bank CIMB Niaga robbery.
 

The effect of profitability and bank size on firm value sustainability: The mediating role of capital structure

Sustainable firm value is the central concept for corporations, including the banking industry. This study examines the effect of profitability and bank size on firm value through capital structure. This study surveyed six banks registered in BUKU 4-member commercial banks operating in Indonesia that have been listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange and implemented digital banking practices from 2007 to 2019. The six banks are Bank Mandiri, Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Bank Negara Indonesia, Bank Central Asia, Bank CIMB Niaga, and Bank Panin. Data collection is carried out by tracing the banks’ reports from the Bloomberg system terminal. Data analysis used a two-stage least squares technique. The results showed that profitability negatively and significantly affected the capital structure with a coefficient of –0.374. Moreover, bank size influences the capital structure with a negative coefficient value of –0.334. In addition, profitability positively affects firm value with a coefficient value of 0.387. Furthermore, bank size influences capital structure with a beta coefficient value of 0.158. Finally, the bank size affects firm value with a coefficient value of –0.419. These findings provide an insight for bank management to enhance firm value by assessing profitability, bank size, and capital structure. This study also contributes to the ongoing research in financial management.