Ciencias De La Salud Research Articles

Gliomas difusos en áreas elocuentes: avances diagnósticos y terapéuticos

Objective: to present the diagnostic, molecular, radiological, and therapeutic advances, to address diffuse gliomas, made at Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Bogotá D.C., Colombia, in the last 5 years (2018-2023). Materials and methods: diagnostic and therapeutic techniques to address diffuse gliomas are described through illustrative cases. Results: the advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools for managing diffuse gliomas, are shown. Discussion: in the last 5 years progress in characterizing, diagnosing, and treating diffuse gliomas, thanks to technological breakthroughs, such as molecular markers, tractography, image fusion for neuronavigation, and cortical stimulation techniques, has been achieved. This has allowed improving morbidity rate, disease-free quality of life and overall survival through the treatment provided to patients afflicted with gliomas. Conclusions: Diagnostic techniques based on tractography, comprehensive intraoperative image fusion, and electrophysiological brain mapping with cortical and subcortical stimulation, have improved the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for diffuse gliomas.

Recommendations for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections in nursing homes

Nursing homes (NH) although conceptually they should look as much like a home as possible, NH have unquestionable similarities with a nosocomium as they are places where many patients with underlying diseases and comorbidities accumulate and where the transmission of microorganisms between residents and between residents and caregivers is frequent.We have not found any recommendations specifically aimed at the prevention of nosocomial infections in MRI by the major Public Health Agencies and, therefore, the Health Sciences Foundation (Fundación de Ciencias de la Salud) has convened a series of experts and 14 Spanish scientific societies to discuss recommendations that could guide NH personnel in establishing written programs for the control and reduction of these infections. The present document is the result of these deliberations and contains suggestions for establishing such control programs on a voluntary and flexible basis in NH. We also hope that the document can help the health authorities to encourage this control activity in the different territorial areas of Spain. In our opinion, it is necessary to draw up a written plan and establish the figure of a coordinator or person responsible for implementing these projects. The document includes measures to be implemented and ways of quantifying the reality of different problems and of monitoring the impact of the measures established.

SAT646 Cutaneous Manifestations In Adults With Gender Dysphoria Under Treatment Hormonal In External Consultation Of The Hospital De San José , Bogotá Colombia

Abstract Disclosure: H. Tovar Cortes: None. I. Title Cutaneous manifestations in adults with gender dysphoria under treatment hormonal in external consultation of the Hospital de san José , Bogotá .Colombia II. Authors Dr. Manuel Fernando Ortiz Castañeda1, Dr. Henry Tovar Cortes2 , Dra. Nicolle Guiot Isaac3, Dra. Carolina Morales Cardenas3, Dr. Carlos Jimenez4 1. Dermatologist and Instructor or Professor (Assistant, Associate) of the Department of Dermatology Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de Salud - Hospital de San José de Bogotá 2. Endocrinologist and Instructor or Professor (Assistant, Associate) from the Department of Endocrinology Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - Hospital de San José de Bogotá 3. Third-year residents of Dermatology Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - Hospital de San José de Bogotá 4. Fellow of Endocrinology Foundation University of Health Sciences - Hospital de San José de Bogotá III. Introduction : Comprehensive health care for patients with gender dysphoria includes Access to gender affirmation hormone therapy. It can have skin and annex side effects, which often affect quality of life, are underdiagnosed and not treated promptly. Literature on the subject is scarce. Objective: To determine skin manifestations secondary to hormonal treatment in adults with gender dysphoria. IV. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study. A search was carried out in the database of patients with gender dysphoria over 18 years of age, treated in dermatology and/or endocrinology clinic of the San José Hospital of Bogotá in the period 2015-2021. The clinical records of patients who were in hormonal therapy with skin manifestations were selected, patients who used other drugs as possible triggers were excluded. Sociodemographic data, skin manifestations, evaluation by specialists and treatment received were analyzed. V. Results : 85 patients were included, predominantly young transgender men in whom the main manifestation was acne (90%), followed by androgenetic alopecia and acanthosis nigricans. Transgender women presented more acne, androgenetic alopecia, seborrheic dermatitis and melasma. More than half of the patients were seen by endocrinology and dermatology, receiving mainly topical treatment. VI. Discussion and conclusion: Skin manifestations in patients with gender dysphoria in hormonal therapy are frequent, so they should be known and taken into account in the multidisciplinary approach of these patients, including the participation of a dermatologist. VII. KEYWORDS: Gender dysphoria, Gender identity, Gonadal steroid hormones, Testosterone, Estrogens, Estradiol, Antiandrogens, Androgens VIII. ADDRESS - CONTACT Dr. Henry Tovar Cortés Mail: htovar@fucsalud.edu.co Contact number: 3158849232 Correspondence address: Carrera 18 9-18 , office 103 Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023

Recommendations for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections in nursing homes.

Nursing homes (NH) conceptually should look as much like a home as possible. However NH have unquestionable similarities with a nosocomium as they are places where many patients with underlying diseases and comorbidities accumulate. There is evidence of transmission of microorganisms between residents and between residents and caregivers. We have not found any recommendations specifically aimed at the prevention of nosocomial infections in NH by the major Public Health Agencies and, therefore, the Health Sciences Foundation (Fundación de Ciencias de la Salud) has convened a series of experts and 14 Spanish scientific societies to discuss recommendations that could guide NH personnel in establishing written programs for the control and reduction of these infections. The present document is the result of these deliberations and contains suggestions for establishing such control programs on a voluntary and flexible basis in NH. We also hope that the document can help the health authorities to encourage this control activity in the different territorial areas of Spain. In our opinion, it is necessary to draw up a written plan and establish the figure of a coordinator or person responsible for implementing these projects. The document includes measures to be implemented and ways of quantifying the reality of different problems and of monitoring the impact of the measures established.

A Call to Include Plastics in the Global Environment in the Class of Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Pollutants.

A Call to Include Plastics in the Global Environment in the Class of Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Pollutants.

Serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis in the Mexican population is not related to the severity of the disease

Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, the effects of excess of nitric oxide, may contribute to the symptoms of periodontitis. Objective: To determine the serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and to compare it with a healthy subject group from the Mexican population. Materials and methods: A case and control study was performed. Sixty-nine individuals were recruited from the Clínica de Posgrado de Periodoncia of the Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Patients with clinical features of generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP group, n=19), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP group, n=11), and a group of healthy subjects (HS group, n=39) were included in the study. Informed consent was obtained from each subject, and serum nitric oxide concentration was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Nitric oxide concentration in the study groups was greater in the GCP group (462.57 ± 16.57 μmol/L) than in the GAP group (433.84 ± 18.61 μmol/L) and the HS group (422.46 ± 12.07 μmol/L). A comparison using Student’s t-test (one-tailed) between healthy subjects and generalized chronic periodontitis showed borderline significance (p<0.04), whereas no significant differences were observed in HS and GAP groups, with a p-value of 0.64, and the GAP vs. GCP p-value was 0.33. Conclusion: The serum nitric oxide concentration observed in the present study suggests that nitric oxide plays a major role in the inflammatory process, which cannot necessarily be linked to the severity of the disease and periodontal tissue destruction.

A enfermagem e o uso da simulação realística durante o período pandêmico: uma revisão integrativa

This study aims to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the use of realistic simulation by nursing during the pandemic period, through the observation of its contributions and how it was applied, answering the following question: “What is the scientific evidence about the contributions the use of realistic simulation during the pandemic period for the training of nursing professionals?”. This is an integrative review prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of the year 2020 based on searches in the databases: Online System for Search and Analysis of Medical Literature, Nursing Database , Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences and Spanish Bibliographic Index on Ciencias de La Salud. The screening of studies was carried out by 4 researchers, according to the eligibility criteria, selecting 11 articles that underwent complete reading for data extraction. Studies have shown that the use of this methodology results in the development of necessary skills for nurses, such as critical thinking and technical skills, which makes a great contribution to professional training during the pandemic period.

Effect of a Nutritional Support System to Increase Survival and Reduce Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in Stage III and Comorbidities: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

The COVID-19 evolution depends on immunological capacity. The global hospital mortality rate is 15-20%, but in México it is 46%. There are several therapeutic protocols, however, integral nutrition is not considered. In this study, a Nutritional Support System (NSS) was employed to increase survival and reduce mortality in patients with stage III COVID-19. A randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial was performed. Eighty patients (aged 30 to 75 years, both sexes) were assigned to 1) “Control Group” (CG) hospital diet and medical treatment or 2) “Intervention Group” (IG) hospital diet, medical treatment, and the NSS (vitamins, minerals, fiber, omega-3, amino acids, B-complex, and probiotics). IG significantly increased survival and reduced mortality compared to CG (p=0·027). IG decreased progression to Mechanical Ventilation Assistance (MVA) by 10%, reduced the intubation period by 15 days, and increased survival in intubated patients by 38% compared to CG. IG showed improvement compared to CG in: decrease of supplemental oxygen (p=0·014), the qSOFA test (p=0·040), constipation (p=0·014), the PHQ-9 test (p=0·003), and in the follow-up, saturation with oxygen (p=0·030). The NSS increases survival and decreases mortality in patients with stage III COVID-19.Trial Registration: Clinical Trials registration code: NCT 04507867.Funding: This research was funded by Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA),Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte grant number 2017/202036.Declaration of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.Ethical Approval: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, the Nuremberg Code, and the Mexican Standard NOM-012-SSA3-2012. The research was approved by the research committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, registration number: 202036, CONBIOETICA-15-CEI-004- 20160729, the research committee of the CMI Toluca, registration number: 207C0401010201S / JIC / 155/2020

Internal iliac artery revascularisation versus internal iliac artery occlusion for endovascular treatment of aorto-iliac aneurysms.

Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is used to treat aorto-iliac and isolated iliac aneurysms in selected patients, and prospective studies have shown advantages compared with open surgical repair, mainly in the first years of follow-up. Although this technique produces good results, anatomic issues (such as common iliac artery ectasia or an aneurysm that involves the iliac bifurcation) can make EVAR more complex and challenging and can lead to an inadequate distal seal zone for the stent-graft. Inadequate distal fixation in the common iliac arteries can lead to a type Ib endoleak. To avoid this complication, one of the most commonly used techniques is unilateral or bilateral internal iliac artery occlusion and extension of the iliac limb stent-graft to the external iliac arteries with or without embolisation of the internal iliac artery. However, this occlusion is not without harm and is associated with ischaemic complications in the pelvic territory such as buttock claudication, sexual dysfunction, ischaemic colitis, gluteal necrosis, and spinal cord injury. New endovascular devices and alternative techniques such as iliac branch devices and the sandwich technique have been described to maintain pelvic perfusion and decrease complications, achieving revascularisation of the internal iliac arteries in patients not suitable for an adequate seal zone in the common iliac arteries. These approaches may also preserve the quality of life of treated individuals and may decrease other serious complications including spinal cord ischaemia, ischaemic colitis, and gluteal necrosis, thereby decreasing the morbidity and mortality of EVAR. To assess the effects of internal iliac artery revascularisation versus internal iliac artery occlusion during endovascular repair of aorto-iliac aneurysms and isolated iliac aneurysms involving the iliac bifurcation. The Cochrane Vascular Information Specialists searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE; Embase; the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov trials registers to 28 August 2019. The review authors searched Latin American Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and the Indice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS) on 28 August 2019 and contacted specialists in the field and manufacturers to identify relevant studies. We planned to include all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared internal iliac artery revascularisation with internal iliac artery occlusion for patients undergoing endovascular treatment of aorto-iliac aneurysms and isolated iliac aneurysms involving the iliac bifurcation. Two review authors independently assessed identified studies for potential inclusion in the review. We used standard methodological procedures in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions. We identified no RCTs that met the inclusion criteria. We found no RCTs that compared internal iliac artery revascularisation versus internal iliac artery occlusion for endovascular treatment of aorto-iliac aneurysms and isolated iliac aneurysms involving the iliac bifurcation. High-quality studies that evaluate the best strategy for managing endovascular repair of aorto-iliac aneurysms with inadequate distal seal zones in the common iliac artery are needed.

Prevalence and associated factors with overweight in students of health Sciences, Universidad de Cuenca, 2016

BACKGROUND: Overweight is a global public health problem and it is associated with modifiable factors. The universitary population is not exempt from its influence and its prevalence is rising, so it is a matter of increasing interest. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the associated factors with overweight in undergraduate students of Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Cuenca. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional design, included 250 students, randomly selected from the 2016 school year record. We analyzed age, sex, marital status and residence. To determine overweight, we used the Body Mass Index; lifestyle was determined by FANTASTIC test, physical activity using IPAQ and insulin resistance by HOMA-IR. We determined the overweight prevalence; the association between overweight and other variables was obtained with PR (IC95%). RESUlTS: The age of the study population ranged from 18 to 26 years, with an average of 20.4 ± 1.9 years, 70.8% between the age of 18 and 21, 82% were students of first to fifth term. The female sex constituted 55.6% of the sample; most of the sample was single (93.2%) and urban residents (78%). The prevalence of overweight was 26.8% (21.6 – 32.6), more common in women and in students from 18 to 21 years old. There was association between overweight and physical activity [RP 4.2 (IC95%: 1.1 – 16.4)] (p= 0.010) and between overweight and insulin resistance [RP 3.1 (IC95%: 2.1 – 4.5)]( p &lt; 0.00)1. There was no association with the lifestyle. CONClUSION: The prevalence of overweight in the population was similar to the prevalence reported in literature. There was association between overweight and sedentary lifestyle and insulin resistance, but there was not association with lifestyle. KEYWORDS: OVERWEIGHT, LIFESTYLE, SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE, INSULIN RESISTANCE, PREVALENCE

Intervenções não farmacológicas na melhoria da qualidade de vida de crianças/adolescentes oncológicos

Resumo Objetivo Identificar estudos na literatura nacional e internacional sobre a eficacia das intervencoes nao farmacologicas para melhoria da qualidade de vida de criancas e adolescentes com câncer. Metodos Revisao integrativa, cuja busca ocorreu nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2018, nas bases de dados PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, LILACS, IBECS, BDENF e MEDLINE® para responder a questao norteadora: “Quais sao as intervencoes nao farmacologicas disponiveis na literatura e utilizadas para melhorar a qualidade de vida de criancas e adolescentes com câncer?”. Foram incluidos artigos originais, publicados entre 2013 e 2018, nos idiomas ingles, portugues ou espanhol. Excluiram-se estudos que focavam outras tematicas, populacao adulta, artigos de revisao, dissertacoes e teses. Resultados A amostra foi constituida por 22 artigos, que foram agrupados, conforme suas similaridades, em tres categorias. As intervencoes utilizadas foram: atividade fisica exclusiva (6); atividade fisica conciliada a outra intervencao (8); e intervencoes psicologicas (8). Destas intervencoes, 13 apresentaram diferencas significativas na melhoria da qualidade de vida. Conclusao As intervencoes nao farmacologicas utilizando exercicio fisico exclusivo ou conciliado a outra intervencao foram as mais eficazes. Esta revisao auxilia na sensibilizacao dos profissionais sobre a importância da tematica e fornece subsidios para o planejamento de acoes estrategicas, no âmbito da enfermagem pediatrica, que incluam intervencoes nao farmacologicas, conciliadas ao tratamento padrao, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida de criancas e adolescentes com câncer. Os resultados devem ser avaliados com cautela, pois identificou-se uma diversidade de intervencoes, protocolos e numero de participantes – o que dificulta a generalizacao dos achados.

Breve aproximación a la historia institucional de la enfermería en la Universidad Nacional de La Matanza

The institutional birth of the Licenciatura en Enfermeria of the Universidad Nacional de La Matanza (hereinafter, UNLaM) in 2009 was the starting point for the subsequent development of the Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, which in 2011 would offer the plans of study of Kinesiology, Medicine and Nutrition. In this paper we articulate a brief approach to the main facts that marked the development of the career, ten years after its foundation. To do this, documentary sources such as opinions, reports and statistics are used, through which we describe a historical process of institutional accumulation in which micro-stories and conjunctures are juxtaposed, considering then a medium historical scale until reaching the current state of maturation of the race, with the identification of two periods as a model-model to interpret the events that took place. Then, the main objective of the study is to articulate the most significant institutional events and milestones in order to present to the university community and, especially, to students and teachers, a contextual approach to a significant portion of the history of the Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud of the UNLaM.

Caracterización y cualificación de las actas de aprendizaje del componente electivo de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS)

El presente artículo de investigación es de tipo descriptivo, la metodología utilizada fue análisis de contenido y revisión documental, se centró en la caracterización de 23 actas de aprendizaje o syllabus del componente electivo correspondiente a las asignaturas electivas ofertadas para los programas de pregrado de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), en el periodo 2017-1 y se realizó con el propósito de cualificar la gestión curricular de las actas de aprendizaje, puesto que en ellas, se hacen explícitas las intencionalidades pedagógicas y didácticas que orientan los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y por lo tanto se convierten en garantes de la calidad educativa en los programas ofertados. Una vez identificados los focos problémicos de la gestión curricular de las actas de aprendizaje, se propone un instrumento orientador para docentes y directivos que permita su creación y cualificación, conforme al modelo constructivista de la institución y a las políticas del Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI).

CONOCIMIENTO, FACTORES CONDICIONANTES Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DE AUTOMEDICACIÓN EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA Y MEDICINA

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; La automedicación es una práctica de denominación moral subjetiva muy frecuente en los pacientes ambulatorios, en la cual estos optan por adquirir medicamentos sin prescripción médica para el alivio de dolencias, frecuentemente consideradas de baja severidad. Objetivo: Determinar el conocimiento, factores condicionantes y características de automedicación en los estudiantes de las carreras enfermería y medicina de la Escue- la Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Hondu- ras en el Valle de Sula (EUCS/UNAH-VS) en el primer semestre del 2017. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, alcance des- criptivo, transversal, prospectivo, realizado en estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería y medicina de la EUCS/UNAH-VS que cursa- ban el 2do y 3er año el primer semestre del 2017. La muestra fue no probabilística por conveniencia de 55 estudiantes pertene- cientes a cada carrera, en total 110. Resultados: Se encontró que 50 (90.9%) estudiantes de enfermería y 49 (89.09%) de medicina admitieron automedicarse. La mayoría no conocen las indicaciones y/o efectos adversos de los fármacos utilizados para automedicarse. El 45.45% (25) de enfermería y 63.63% (35) ignoran la dosificación. Un 67.27% (37) de enfermería y 61.8% (34) de medicina desconocen los efectos adversos de las dosificaciones excesivas. La principal causa de automedicación fue la consideración de malestares como no graves, siendo manejados en casa. Conclusión: La mayoría de los estudiantes de ambas carreras desconocen sobre indicaciones, efectos adversos y dosificación de los medicamentos y los toman considerando los malestares no graves y no por los efectos que el medicamento pueda causarles. El principal síntoma que presentaron es la cefalea y el medicamento que más consumían fué el acetaminofen.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Identification of Preoperative Language Tracts for Intrinsic Frontotemporal Diseases: A Pilot Reconstruction Algorithm in a Middle-Income Country

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography provides useful information that can be used to optimize surgical planning and help avoid injury during subcortical dissection of eloquent tracts. The objective is to provide a safe, timely, and affordable algorithm for preoperative DTI language reconstruction for intrinsic frontotemporal diseases. We reviewed a prospectively acquired database of preoperative DTI reconstruction for resection of left frontotemporal lesions over 3 years at Hospital de San José and Hospital Infantil Universitario San José, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogota, Colombia. Preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiographic features were determined from retrospective chart review. A comprehensive review of the structural and functional anatomy of the language tracts was performed. Separate reconstruction of both ventral (semantic) and dorsal (phonologic) stream pathways is described: arcuate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Between January 2015 and January 2018, 44 tumor cases were found to be resected with preoperative fiber tracking planning and neuronavigation-guided surgery. Ten patients (7 women, 3 men) aged 28-65 years underwent resection of an intrinsic frontotemporal lesion with preoperative DTI tractography reconstruction of language tracts. Eight cases (80%) were high-grade gliomas and 2 (20%) were cavernous malformations. In 5 cases (50%), the lesion was in the frontal lobe and in 5 (50%), it was in the temporal lobe. The extent of resection was classified as gross total resection (100%), subtotal resection (>90%), or partial resection (<90%). Gross total resection was achieved in 5 cases (50%), subtotal resection was achieved in 4 cases (40%), and partial resection in the remaining case (10%). Compromised tracts included superior longitudinal fasciculus in 7 (70%), inferior longitudinal fasciculus in 4 (40%), the arcuate fasciculus in3(30%), and uncinate fasciculus in 1 (10%). Language function was unchanged or improved in 90% of patients. New-onset postoperative language decline occurred in 1 patient, who recovered transient phonemic paraphasias 1month after resection. The mean follow-up time was 7 months (range, 4-12 months). Residual tumors were treated with radiation and/or with chemotherapy as indicated in an outpatient setting. We present a safe and efficacious preoperative DTI language reconstruction algorithm that could be used as a feasible treatment strategy in a challenging subset of tumors in low- to middle-income countries.

Trastornos hipertensivos en el embarazo con infección urinaria

Objetivo: determinar la incidencia de los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en pacientes con infección del tracto urinario (ITU) en los Hospitales de San José e Infantil Universitario de San José, Bogotá, Colombia, en 2015. Materiales y métodos: cohorte de embarazadas que asistieron a urgencias con ITU que requirieron tratamiento intrahospitalario y seguimiento para establecer la ocurrencia de trastornos hipertensivos. La frecuencia de estos se describe sobre la base de incidencias acumuladas, así como en términos de la incidencia en cada nivel individual de gravedad de la ITU. Resultados: 138 embarazadas cumplieron con los criterios requeridos, edad media de 25 años (RIQ: 21-29), 42% cursaban el primer embarazo. El germen más aislado fue Escherichia coli. La incidencia de trastornos hipertensivos fue 21,7%. El trastorno más frecuente fue la preeclampsia y el tipo de ITU que más se presentó fue bacteriuria asintomática (35.5%). Conclusión: la ocurrencia de trastornos hipertensivos en embarazadas con infección del tracto urinario fue de 21,7%. Es importante investigar las infecciones del tracto urinario durante el embarazo como posibles factores generadores de preeclampsia.

Principios de Tractografía Cerebral

Objetivo: hacer una revisión de los principales tractos cerebrales y sus aplicaciones en las neurociencias a partir de la experiencia en la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Materiales y métodos: revisión bibliográfica y utilización de imágenes con resonadores de 1.5 T o 3 T para describir las imágenes de tractografía en enfermedades del sistema nervioso central. Resultados: se muestran las características principales de la tractografía basados en casos de nuestra institución. Discusión: en la gran mayoría de patologías cerebrales no hay estudios sobre la utilidad de la tractografía. Aunque es un estudio disponible en la actualidad, es poca la información que suele obtenerse a nivel clínico, pues toma bastante tiempo el posproceso de las imágenes y en la mayoría de centros no está protocolizada la secuencia de obtención de la reconstrucción de cada uno de los tractos por separado. Conclusiones: es posible reconstruir los principales tractos cerebrales con escáneres de 1.5 T y 3 T, identificando las vías clave del cerebro y su relación con tumores cerebrales, trauma craneoencefálico, abuso de sustancias y otras afecciones.

TIEMPO Y NATURALEZA DE USO DEL MÓVIL EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE MEDICINA

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Antecedentes: Diversas investigaciones se realizan sobre el tiempo y naturaleza de uso del móvil en estudiantes universitarios pero escasas en el área de la medicina en el siglo de la tecnología. Objetivo: Establecer el tiempo y naturaleza de uso del teléfono móvil en estudiantes de cuarto año de medicina de cuarto año A en la Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula (EUCS/UNAH-VS) en el primer semestre académico del 2017. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo. Población fue de 78, muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 38 estudiantes, instrumento de recolección de datos se realizó a través del programa App Usage® que generó los resultados, se evaluaron los datos de frecuencias, porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central en Excel®. Resultados: Los datos reflejaron que el tiempo promedio de uso del móvil por los estudiantes fue de 5 horas 9 minutos (21.5%) del día. El uso se centró en aplicaciones móviles reactivas (distractor) con 4 horas 47 minutos (93%) y en aplicaciones móviles proactivas solo 22 minutos (7%). Conclusiones: Los datos de esta investigación indican que el patrón de uso del teléfono móvil es del 21.5% al día y la naturaleza del uso de los teléfonos celulares por parte del estudiante de Medicina de cuarto año A de la UNAH-VS es de carácter reactivo o sea como distractor&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Palabras clave&#x0D; Aplicaciones Móviles, Estudiantes de medicina, Teléfonos celulares&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL ENTRE ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA QUE CURSAN ASIGNATURAS DE FARMACOLOGIA I Y II

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Antecedentes: El alcohol es considerada una droga que tiene repercusión negativa en la vida del individuo consumidor activo o no. El consumo de alcohol es multifactorial y preocupa en jóvenes universitarios por ser una droga de fácil acceso, barato y con menos estigma a nivel social. Objetivo: Describir y comparar el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de medicina hombres y mujeres que cursan las asignaturas de Farmacología I y II el primer semestre del año 2017 en la Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud en la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula (EUCS/ UNAH-VS). Pacientes y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo. Población: muestra por conveniencia de 56 estudiantes (28 mujeres y 28 hombres). Se utilizó un instrumento tipo cuestionario para la recolección de datos, previo consentimiento informado. Resultados: El 73%. (41) consumía alcohol. Los resultados revelaron mayor consumo en mujeres 43% (24) que en hombres 30% (17). Un 36.7% (20) refiere la ingesta de alcohol en vacaciones y 26.8% (15) después de exámenes. Un 98% (55) conocían de los efectos nocivos del alcohol. Conclusiones: El consumo de alcohol es una práctica en los jóvenes universitarios de las asignaturas de Farmacología I y II. Un alto porcentaje de los estudiantes partícipes de éste estudio ha consumido alcohol, la mayoría lo hace ocasionalmente. El consumo es mayor por parte de las mujeres. La sustancia más consumida es la cerveza (ambos sexos). La mayoría conoce los efectos nocivos del alcohol, pero no los detiene a consumirlo.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Palabras clave&#x0D; Alcohol, Estudiante universitario, Sustancias nocivas&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Programa para el Fortalecimiento de la Lectura y la Escritura: incidencias e implicaciones en la titulación de grado

This essay will present the objectives and the conclusions of the course “Curso de FormaciónDocentedestinado a Directores de Tesis de la LicenciaturaenEnfermería”(“Academic Training Curse destined to Thesis Directors for the Infirmary Bachelor Degree”), given at the Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche (UNAJ) de Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina. This course is part of the Programa para el Fortalecimiento de la Lectura y la Escritura(Reading and Writing Enrichment Program) in the production of Trabajos Finales de Carrera (TFC) (Career Final Essays) for the Bachelor’s degree in Infirmary -Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud(Health Sciences Institute). This Program is conceived as a pedagogic intervention proposal that addresses the tensions between academic writing, disciplinary specificity and the configuration of different aspects of the profession for the future graduate. This pedagogic proposal is the result of the joint work of the career coordinators and the faculty, thesis tutors and writing specialists. The collaboration in this matter has generated a mutual enrichment through the interdisciplinary cooperation. It also has institutionalized the need for teachers and students to get continuous counsel guided towards the attaining of the writing enrichment required for obtaining of the academic degree. This article proposes to ponder the academic writing and reading in an interdisciplinary way between the specificity of the Infirmary discipline and the Language perspective, with the aim of promoting a fruitful exchange while proposing practices that links the specifics knowledge of the actual discipline with the knowledge of its forms of expression.