CI Engine Fuelled Research Articles

RSM Hybrid Modeling of a BSFC for a Single Cylinder Four Stroke CI Engine Fueled with Nano-additives Added to Diesel-biodiesel Fuel Blends

Introduction: The expanding need for fossil fuels emphasizes the necessity to comprehend renewable energy sources. Methods: This study examined the performance of a single-cylinder diesel engine using Jatropha biodiesel and aluminum dioxide—the research aimed to evaluate engine reactivity to compression ratio and load variations. The experiment employed with varitaion compression ratios. Results: This study used the Response Surface Methodology to find the best Brake Specific Fuel Consumption performance indicator location. The researchers used a Central Composite Design setup for analysis. A regression model employing the response surface approach was then created to predict fuel phase-out likelihood. Conclusion: This study examines multiple factors' effect and highlights the potential for patentable innovations in renewable fuel applications. According to studies, Jatropha biodiesel and its blends may improve engine efficiency and lower brake-specific fuel consumption compared to diesel fuel. Minor input parameter modifications are needed to gain these benefits.

Performance and Emission Analysis of a CI Engine Fueled with Preheated Neem Straight Vegetable Oil-Diesel Blend at Various Compression Ratios

The twin crisis, fast depletion of limited conventional fuel and environment degradation due to these fuels created a dire need to search for clean, green and sustainable alternatives to conventional fuels. Neem vegetable oil may be an alternative of conventional petroleum fuels due to its abundant availability in India and comparable physical and chemical properties. In the present study, performance and emission characteristics of VCR diesel Engine were observed using preheated and blended straight Neem oil. Initially experimentation was carried out to optimize the neem oil blend at engine optimize conditions which was given by manufacturer but this part is not considered in this research paper. Optimize Neem oil blend B30 (30% Neem oil and 70% Diesel) was used as fuel in the current study. Heat exchanger was design and developed to preheat the blended Neem oil up to 90 to 100 °C using engine exhaust gases. This temperature is sufficient to bring viscosity of blended Neem oil about viscosity of diesel. Performance emission characteristics of diesel engine were evaluated at compression ratios 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22. It was observed that at compression ratio 22, brake thermal efficiency of the engine was found optimum 34.99% using preheated optimum blend B30 which was higher than other compression ratios, diesel (1.64%) and unheated optimized same blend (5.07%). Less emission was observed for pre heated optimized blend B-30 as compared to other compression ratios, diesel and optimized same blend. Smoke opacity, CO, HC, NOx emissions at CR 22 for preheated NOB30 observed lowest 33%, 0.15%, 20 PPM and 340 PPM at full load condition.

Investigation on CuO nanoparticle enhanced mahua biodiesel/diesel fuelled CI engine combustion for improved performance and emission abetted by response surface methodology

In this study, the characteristics of diesel engines were tested with in-house produced mahua biodiesel blended with diesel and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NP) catalyst. The preliminary investigation used mahua biodiesel-diesel blends (M10, M20, and M30) among them M20 outperformed. Further M20 and CuO NP with concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 ppm are studied. Finally, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the appropriate NP concentration for M20. The findings showed that the blend of M20 with 60 ppm NP at 80% load had the highest desirability (0.9740), and the developed RSM model predicted engine responses with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.0962% to the confirmation test confirming the model’s accuracy. The optimized M20NP60 blend demonstrated superior combustion, performance and emission characteristics.

Energy-Exergy Analysis of CI Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel at Different Loading Conditions

Energy-Exergy Analysis of CI Engine Fueled with Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel at Different Loading Conditions

Mathematical Modeling and Comparative Analysis of Noise and Vibration Characteristics of CI Engine Fueled with Biodiesel

As an alternative to fossil fuels, renewable energy has the potential to replace diesel in CI engines, and therefore biodiesels such as nahar, jatropha, karanja, etc. are being used as a blend with diesel in CI engines. Since biodiesel is a sustainable fuel, numerous researchers have evaluated and contrasted its performance attributes with those of diesel. The end user’s comfort and level of fatigue following the usage of biodiesel blended with diesel, however, is an interesting area that requires further investigation. The current study aims to investigate the noise and vibration characteristics of unmodified and constant-speed CI engines powered by jatropha, nahar, or karanja biodiesel as a blend with diesel and also developed a mathematical model for noise and vibration responses. The vibration and sound pressure level were recorded using the FFT analyzer Brüel & Kjær Photon+ portable measuring system with RTPro software for different input parameters such as load, density, flash point, and calorific value at different levels for diesel D100 and biodiesel blends. Mathematical non-linear model was developed to predict the relationship between fuel properties and engine noise-vibration characteristics because the R square and adj. R square values of model is found to be close to each other. However, higher adj. R square value and p-value within 0.05 are the good criteria for selection of model.

Exploring the performance and emission characteristics of a dual fuel CI engine using microalgae biodiesel and diesel blend: a machine learning approach using ANN and response surface methodology

Exploring the performance and emission characteristics of a dual fuel CI engine using microalgae biodiesel and diesel blend: a machine learning approach using ANN and response surface methodology

Investigating Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CI Engine Fueled with Waste Fried Oil Blend Containing Butanol, Alumina, and Silver Nanoparticles

Investigating Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CI Engine Fueled with Waste Fried Oil Blend Containing Butanol, Alumina, and Silver Nanoparticles

Analysis and optimisation of emissions and fuel economy of biodiesel fuelled CI engine using Taguchi technique

The objectives of the present work are to examine the combined effect of engine operating and injection parameters and to optimise these parameters for better fuel economy, performance, and reduced emissions. The fuels used were diesel and biodiesel blends of Jatropha and Karanja biodiesel. The results indicate that diesel gives higher thermal efficiency at low loads, however, the 20% jatropha blend was slightly more efficient, at high loads. It was observed that the BSFC increases when the EGR is varied from 0% to 20%. Even though the smoke opacity increases with increased EGR, advanced injection at 28o BTDC decreases smoke. Increased EGR also reduced NOx emissions by up to 11%. Blending also has a significant impact on the output parameters. Taguchi analysis was applied to optimise the performance and emission characteristics of the diesel engine and set of input values were obtained for the optimum performance under different conditions.

Investigation on effect of cerium oxide additive in waste plastic oil fueled CI engine

In this study, the effects of incorporating cerium oxide into diesel and WPO blends were investigated to determine the potential of the blend as a fuel additive. The study aimed to assess engine-performance, emission, and combustion properties of the blend. The experiments utilized a single-cylinder diesel engine, and researchers prepared two different blends of WPO with 25% WPO in diesel and 50% WPO in diesel. Cerium oxide was added to these blends at concentrations of 25 ppm and 50 ppm using an ultrasonicator. The results demonstrated that increasing cerium oxide content in the blend (50 ppm) led to reduced CO, HC, and NOx emissions at higher loads. For instance, B50 + 50 ppm exhibited lower CO and NOx emissions, while B25 + 50 ppm demonstrated lower HC and smoke emissions. Furthermore, raising the CeO2 content from 25 ppm to 50 ppm resulted in a 3% increase in brake thermal efficiency. Moreover, cerium oxide positively impacted combustion and performance properties of the blends. Among the tested blends, the B50 + 50 ppm combination showcased the highest brake thermal efficiency, optimal air-fuel ratio, and the lowest specific fuel consumption. In conclusion, employing cerium oxide as a fuel additive in diesel-WPO blends offers a promising approach for realizing a sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

Experimental Study of Exhaust Manifold Water Injection on Emission of CI Engine Fueled with Madhuca Longifolia and Diesel Blends

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is the ubiquitous chemical structure of NOx in the ambience that is initiated by anthropogenic (human) acts. NO2 is also reacts in the surrounding to result in ozone (O3) and the main culprits for acid rain. Captured proportion of NOx by moisture forms acid rain. Acid rain severely affects certain ecosystems. The facts mentioned indicate necessity to reduce NOx pollution. When any of these oxides disintegrate in H2O and breakup, they result in nitric acid (HNO3) or nitrous acid (HNO2). Automobiles is one of the major sources of the NOx that is emitted. Here in this experimental based research effort has been made to reduce emissions of NOx and CO emitted by the diesel based engine powered by Madhuca longifolia as a biodiesel blended with diesel (B10, B20, B30) by injecting water after exhaust gas manifold to get reaction so as oxides disintegrate in H2O and breakup, they result in nitric acid (HNO3) or nitrous acid (HNO2). Experimental work conducted on Mono-cylinder CRDI engine. Trials were taken with different blends of Madhuca longifolia by setting CR 15,16, 17 and 18 with water injected at 3 different mass flow rates (38.7, 82.7, 130.4 CC/min). Results shows average reduction in NOx by 7.89%, 12.26%, and 17.73% respectively.

Evaluation of Performance of a CI Engine Fueled With Biodiesel Produced from Unused Algae

Abundant availability and easy culture process of algae make it a better resource than other vegetable crops for biodiesel production. The oil (with 21% FFA content) extracted from the unused, mixed culture of algae in this experiment was used to produce biodiesel by an' acid esterification followed by alkaline esterification' procedure. After confirming the properties of the biodiesel to be within the limit of ASTM standard, three biodiesel blends (B10, B20 and B30) were used in an internal combustion engine (Four stroke single cylinder VCR engine) and the performance of the engine was observed at different engine loads (0%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100%, 120%). The little higher brake specific fuel consumption (0.22kg/KWh, 0.25 kg/KWh, 0.26kg/KWh and 0.21kg/KWh respectively for B10, B20, B30 and petro-diesel at overload condition), lower brake power (3.41 kW, 3.37 kW, 3.25 kW, 3.39 kW for diesel, B10, B20 and B30 respectively for B10, B20, B30 and petro-diesel) and mechanical efficiency (63.34, 51.43%, 52.06% and 51.43% for petro-diesel, B10, B20 and B30 respectively) for biodiesel blends took place which might be the results of lower calorific value (40800 kJ/kg), higher density (875.27kg/m3) and viscosity (3.14 mm2/s) of the algal biodiesel than diesel.

A Comparative Study of Fuel Filterability, Performance, and Emission Characteristics in CI Engine Fuelled with a Dual Biodiesel Mixture Blended with Conventional Diesel

A Comparative Study of Fuel Filterability, Performance, and Emission Characteristics in CI Engine Fuelled with a Dual Biodiesel Mixture Blended with Conventional Diesel

Artificial Neural Network based prediction of Specific Fuel Consumption in various Compression Ratio CI Engine Fueled with Various Plastic Composition Pyrolysis oil and Diesel

This study looks at the usage of Artificial Neural Network Modeling for predicting Specific Fuel Consumption for compression ignition engines running on Diesel, Low-Density Polyethylene Pyrolysis Oil (LDPE PO), High-Density Polyethylene Pyrolysis Oil (HDPE PO), and Polypropylene Pyrolysis Oil (PP PO). Using preliminary practical findings, The Model of ANN was built to estimate SFC by adjusting the parameters of the engine. SFC is anticipated by adjusting the parameters and utilizing the orthogonal array. The experiment is then carried out using an orthogonal array. The outcomes of experimental work are used to create an ANN model. In the case of a non-linear mapping between input & output, the classic back-propagation method and a multi-layer perception network are utilized. The values of Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Regression Coefficient (R2) for LM10TP architecture are 1.5143×10–06, 0.0012 & 1 in training & the validation values 1.2185×10–06, 0.0011 and 0.9999 respectively. It was discovered that neural networks are useful tools for prediction since they performed well in specific fuel consumption prediction in both training and validation.

Experimental And Emission Analysis Over New Urea – SCR Array For CI Engine Fueled With Mahua Oil Methyl-Ester

A new unit of emission-aftertreatment setup developed with DPF, TWC-converter having novel DEF-unit by manual control, for improving the ability of present Urea - SCR arrangement. CIE powered through neat mahua oil methyl-ester (MOME) and contrasted by pure-Diesel. Output indicates ~99% reduction in both CO and HC by new arrangement, simultaneously noticed less amount of NOx present, when judged with usual setup.

Combined influence of n-butanol and ethyl hexyl nitrate on engine characteristics of the plastic oil-diesel blend fueled CI engine

Waste plastics collected over several years slowly rot in land fills and show a significant threat to the atmosphere. Through catalytic pyrolysis, hydrocarbons contained in the waste plastics may probably be transformed into plastic oil. Recycled waste plastic oil (WPO) used in CI engines provides a suitable remedy for waste plastic management. But inclusion of alcohol in WPO-Diesel blend increases the NOx emission. A four-stroke single-cylinder CI engine was used to conduct emission and performance testing. When compared to Diesel-WPO blend, results indicated that n-butanol mixing emitted lower emissions of HC, CO, smoke and higher NOx emission. The mixture of n-butanol in the fuel blend improved the brake thermal efficiency and decreased specific fuel consumption compared to the blend of WPO-diesel. The inclusion of EHN to the Diesel-WPO-n-butanol ternary blends lowered the emission of NOx up to 24%, but slightly increased the emission of CO up to 6.4%, HC up to 6.6% and smoke up to 8.7%, although the values are still lower than WPO-diesel blends. The usage of EHN in ternary fuel blends increased brake thermal efficiency (BTE) up to 1.6%. Therefore, the inclusion of oxygenated alcohol and cetane improver to WPO-diesel blend is efficient for a engine.

Impact of NOx Reduction in CI Engine Fuelled with Annona Biodiesel and Additives

In contrast to standard fuel, biodiesel continues to burn cleaner. However, repeated studies have revealed that when compared to conventional diesel fuel, biodiesel generates more NOx formation. In this research, methyl ester of Annona (AOME) oil is applied to produce biodiesel by a transesterification process. The antioxidant is administered in varying quantities in w/w basis ranging from 0.010 to 0.040%. Without altering the engine, the findings suggest that the antioxidant additive mixture AOME+P200 is effective in lowering NOx and HC emissions of AOME fuelled engines.

The Influence of Hydrogen Induction on The Characteristics of a CI Engine Fueled with Blend of Camphor Oil and Diesel with Diethyl Ether Additive

This article investigates the effect of hydrogen induction on the characteristics of a CI engine fueled with the blend of camphor oil and diesel, along with diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive. The fuel sample was prepared by mixing 70% camphor oil with 30% diesel (C7D3) on a volume basis and then tested with 4 LPM (C7D3H4), 6 LPM (C7D3H6), and 8 LPM (C7D3H8) of hydrogen induction on the engine intake manifold. DEE was mixed at 10% and 20% with 90% and 80% of C7D3 on a volume basis and evaluated with 8 LPM of hydrogen induction; the resulting mixtures were designated as C7D3H8E10 and C7D3H8E20. The maximum thermal efficiency for C7D3H8E10 is 32.97%, with a minimum BSEC of 10.91 MJ/kgh, CO of 5.22 g/kWh, HC of 0.206 g/kWh, and smoke opacity of 39.6%. Hydrogen induction and increasing the quantity of hydrogen from 4 lpm to 8 lpm in the manifold increases the thermal efficiency to 32.63%. Further, it reduces the BSEC to 11.03 MJ/kgh, CO of 5.65 g/kWh, HC of 0.222 g/kW, and smoke opacity of 46.3%. NOx emissions were found to increase while increasing the hydrogen induction and with a 10% DEE addition to the C7D3 fuel. Further, raising the DEE from a 10%–20% ratio reduces the thermal efficiency and increases the BSEC, CO, HC, and smoke emissions. Overall, C7D3 in CI engines with 10% more DEE and hydrogen induction up to 8 LPM may be used efficiently.

Computational optimization of engine performance and emission responses for dual fuel CI engine powered with biogas and Co3O4 nanoparticles doped biodiesel

Given the ongoing energy crisis, rapid depletion of fossil fuel globally, and emissions generated due to its utilization, this study investigates the combined effects of Engine load (20–100%), Cobalt oxide nanoparticles doped rate (NDR, 0–100 ppm), Linseed biodiesel blend rate (BBR, 0–20%) and Biogas flow rate (BFR, 0.5–1 kg/h) on engine performance and emission outputs. Computational methods such as response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to establish a prediction model based on the Design of experiment results. The developed RSM model's F-value indicates engine load as the most significant input variable in deciding the value of output responses, followed by BFR, BBR, and NDR, respectively. The statistical analysis using different evaluation metrics suggests the prediction made by the RSM model is more accurate and reliable than the ANN model. The optimization for the RSM model observed an optimal response at 67.53% engine load, 99.998 ppm NDR, 12.084% BBR and 0.694 kg/h BFR, while an optimal response for the ANN model was observed at 79.11% engine load, 61.06 ppm NDR, 11.17% BBR and 0.776 kg/h BFR. The optimization study findings concluded that an optimal combination of nanoparticles, biodiesel, and biogas could significantly improve CI engine performance and emission responses.

Effect of triacetin as an oxygenated additive in algae biodiesel fuelled CI engine combustion, performance, and exhaust emission analysis

In this experimental investigation, oxygenated additive triacetin is used in an algae oil biodiesel-diesel blend (ABD40) to examine the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions from a single-cylinder 3.5 kW diesel engine. Different percentages of additive (2 %, 4 %, 6 % and 8 % by volume) are mixed in ABD40, and the experiments are performed at varying engine loads by maintaining a fixed engine speed. The combustion results at full load (100 %) reveal that 4 % triacetin in ABD40 achieves high combustion pressure than diesel fuel (DF) and other biodiesel blends. Similarly, a high BTE of 30.39 % is achieved for 4 % triacetin in ABD40 than other biodiesel blends. However, it is 7.23 % lesser than mineral diesel fuel. Due to high density and kinematic viscosity, the fuel consumption for biodiesel blends is recorded as higher than DF. Furthermore, low exhaust emissions are acclaimed for 4 % additive triacetin in ABD40 than DF, and a drop of CO (25.51 %), NOx (12.81 %), UHC (70.53 %) and Smoke (14.85 %) is recorded at 100 % load compared to DF. Hence, it is concluded that 4 % triacetin in ABD40 is the better choice as a diesel fuel replacement, and significant performance and emissions results are possible with the addition of oxygenated additive triacetin, which enhanced fuel properties of high heating value and cetane number.

Effect of CuO Nanoparticles on Performance and Emissions Behaviors of CI Engine Fueled with Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Blends

Effect of CuO Nanoparticles on Performance and Emissions Behaviors of CI Engine Fueled with Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Blends