Chung-Ang University Research Articles

중국인 한국어 학습자의 ‘체언+용언’ 형 연어 오류 양상에 대한 연구

The Journal of Studies in Language 34.4, 607-628. Systematic and in-depth analyses of Chinese Korean language learners'' lexical errors in general and of collocation errors, in particular, are relatively rare. This study presents empirical data verifying the theoretic assertions that Chinese learners of Korean language produce ''unnatural'' word combinations. In this paper, the authors used a more comprehensive error taxonomy based on previous studies to analyze Chinese learners’ use of Korean collocations. The analysis revealed that the identified sources of errors were mainly from L2’s inherent difficulty rather than first language (L1) transfer. The findings from the Chinese learners’ errors in the use of Korean collocations have implications for L2 vocabulary teaching and learning, which should be of interest to the wider Korean as a Second Language (KSL)/Korean as a Foreign Language (KFL) contexts. (Chung-Ang University)

Incidence of metachronous gastric neoplasia after endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric dysplasia.

20 Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been usually performed to treat gastric high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and selected lesions of low-grade dysplasia (LGD). However, HGD was classified into the same category of non-invasive carcinoma which were different from LGD in the Vienna classification of gastrointestinal epithelial neoplasia. We investigated whether the incidence of metachonous gastric neoplasia after ESD for gastric dysplasia is different between patients with LGD and HGD. Methods: Between March 2011 and December 2016, 508 patients underwent ESD for 545 gastric dysplasias or cancers at the Chung-Ang University Hospital. Of them, 198 patients with LGD (LGD group) and 46 with HGD (HGD group) who had been followed up for at least one year were included. The primary outcome was the incidence of gastric neoplasia occurred at 1-year follow-up or later after ESD. The secondary outcome was the composite incidence of metachronous HGD and gastric cancers. Results: During a median follow-up of 2.5 years, overall cumulative incidence of metachronous gastric neoplasm was 33.2 cases/1000 person-years. The metachronous neoplasms developed in 17 patients (8.6%; 11 LGD, 2 HGD and 4 gastric cancers) in the LGD group and in 6 patients (13.0%; 3 LGD, 1 HGD and 3 gastric cancers) in the HGD group. The incidence of metachronous gastric neoplasia in LGD group was not significantly different from that in HGD group (hazard ratio [HR] in the LGD group, 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22-1.43; P = 0.229). The composite incidences of metachronous HGD and gastric cancers were not also different between the two groups (HR for the composite incidences in the LGD group, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.10-1.68; P = 0.218). Conclusions: After ESD for gastric LGD, the incidence of metachronous gastric neoplasia was not different from that after ESD for HGD. Thus, similar surveillance strategies are needed for patients who underwent ESD for LGD and HGD.

Abstracts of the 11th International Conference on Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Wasting, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 7–9 December 2018 (Part 2)

Abstracts of the 11^th International Conference on Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Wasting, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 7–9 December 2018 (Part 2)

Clinical impact of newly developed sarcopenia after surgical resection for gastric cancer.

145 Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors and the clinical impact of of newly developed sarcopenia after surgical resection on the prognosis in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinicopathological data from 430 consecutive GC patients who underwent surgical resection at Chung-Ang University Hospital between January 2011 and December 2015. Their skeletal muscle mass and abdominal fat volume were measured by abdominal CT imaging. Results: A total of 425 patients were analyzed in the study. The mean age was 62 years old and male were 301 (70.8%). Of these, 42 patients (9.9%) were diagnosed as pre-operative sarcopenia. Compared with non-sarcopenic group, pre-operative sarcopenia groups showed more female, higher BMI, less alcoholic, and less smoking. However, there was no significant difference in 5-year overall survival and disease free survival between the groups (p=0.836 and p=0.638, respectively). Among 381 non-sarcopenic patients, 48 patients (12.6%) were diagnosed as newly developed sarcopenia in one year after gastric resection. Compared with non-sarcopenic group, the newly developed sarcopenic group showed more male, more undifferentiated tumor, lower hemoglobin level, less alcoholic, less smoking, and presence of diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, newly developed sarcopenic group showed more total fat area, especially more subcutaneous fat area and lower VFA / SFA ratio in the abdominal CT imaging. However, there was no significant difference in the 5-year overall survival and disease free survival among non-sarcopenic, sarcopenic, and newly developed sarcopenic groups (p=0.521 and p=0.534, respectively). The relationship between preoperative body fat volume and postoperative muscle mass showed a significant correlation (rho = 0.296, p <0.001), but only BMI was significantly associated with long term survival. Conclusions: Although newly developed sarcopenia after surgery did not affect the survival rate, patients with nutritional risk of sarcopenia after surgical resection may require early evaluation of nutritional status and nutritional support.

Anti-inflammatory activity of Corylopsis coreana uyeki extracts and isolated compounds by inhibiting nitric oxide and cytokine production

Pharmacognosy Magazine ,2019,15,61,317-321.DOI:10.4103/pm.pm_144_18Published:March 2019Type:Original Article Authors:Jun Yin, HyeSoo Wang, and MinWon Lee Author(s) affiliations:Jun Yin, HyeSoo Wang, MinWon Lee Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Derived Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Abstract:Context: Corylopsis coreana Uyeki (Korean winter hazel) belongs to the Hamamelidaceae family. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in South Korea. In traditional folk medicine, C. coreana has been used to treat irritated skin and inflammatory diseases. Aims: To study the anti-inflammatory effects of C. coreana Uyeki leaf and bark extracts as well as their major active compounds, we evaluated in vitro levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO) using RAW 264.7 macrophages. Materials and Methods: Production of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines was measured by ELISA assay, and NO inhibitory activity was tested by Griess assay. Results: Extracts of leaves and barks, as well as isolated compounds from these extracts, showed remarkable anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 cytokine production. In particular, the leaf extract showed more potent inhibitory activities than that of barks. Conclusions: Ellagitannins and flavonoids were probably related to the anti-inflammatory activity of CL (leaves) extract, providing evidence of the anti-inflammatory property of CL. Keywords:Anti-inflammatory ability, Corylopsis coreana uyeki, cytokine production inhibition, interleukin-6, nitric oxide production inhibition, tumor necrosis factor-αView:PDF (1.08 MB)

Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) in Hyperuricemic Individuals May Be Explained by Hyperhomocysteinemia Associated with Renal Dysfunction: a Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundBoth hyperuricemia and hyperhomocysteinemia are known as main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. There has been, however, no report on the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and homocysteine (Hcy) in hyperuricemic patients. This study aimed to investigate how hyperuricemia is associated with increased carotid IMT with a focus on hyperhomocysteinemia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1,222 patients who visited the Chung-Ang University Hospital Health Promotion Center from January 2013 to December 2015. The serum Hcy levels were estimated with a competitive immunoassay using the direct chemiluminescence method. The carotid IMT was measured by B-mode carotid ultrasonography. The definition of hyperuricemia was a serum uric acid level > 7.0 mg/dL for men or > 5.6 mg/dL for women, and hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as serum levels > 15 μmol/L.ResultsThe hyperuricemic patients showed significantly higher serum Hcy levels and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than did normouricemic patients (13.39 ± 4.42 vs. 11.69 ± 3.65 μmol/L, P < 0.001; 85.16 ± 19.18 vs. 96.14 ± 16.63, P < 0.001, respectively). Serum Hcy level (odds ratio [OR], 1.050; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009–1.092) and fasting glucose level (OR, 1.018; 95% CI, 1.011–1.026) were independent risk factors for carotid plaque. In patients with hyperuricemia, the serum Hcy levels correlated with the eGFR (γ = −0.478, P < 0.001). The carotid IMT correlated with serum Hcy levels and eGFR (γ = 0.196, P = 0.008; γ = − 0.297, P < 0.001, respectively) but not with the serum lipid profile.ConclusionThese results suggest that renal function impairment in hyperuricemic patients may worsen carotid IMT by increasing serum Hcy levels.

2515. Impact of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 4 in Hospitalized Children in Korea

BackgroundHuman Parainfluenza virus type 4 (hPIV4) was not thought as the important pathogen of respiratory tract infection so that the characteristics of hPIV4 has not thoroughly elucidated.MethodsFrom 2013 to 2016, children who were admitted with respiratory tract infection at the department of pediatrics in Chung-Ang University hospital were enrolled in this study. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were obtained from patients with respiratory tract infection and tested for hPIV types by commercial multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay. We retrospectively reviewed subjects’ medical records, focusing on their epidemiological and clinical characteristics.ResultsOf all NPAs, 943 were positive to hPIV. Of hPIV-positive NPAs, 220 were positive hPIV4. 107 patients (48.6%) were male and median age at admission was 2.1 ± 1.7 years (range, 0.2–12.7 years). 215 (97.7%) children did not have an underlying disease. Of 5 children who had underlying diseases, one had asthma, the other had ventricular septal defect, and others had epilepsy. 173 children (78.6%) had a fever and fever duration was 4.1 ± 2.4 days. Their peak temperature was checked as 39.0 ± 0.7℃. The most common symptom of hPIV4 infected patients was cough (80.9%) followed by sputum (60.0%) and rhinorrhea (59.1%). Only six patients had barking cough. Of 6 patients, two had hoarseness and only one patient had stridor with chest wall retraction. The most common diagnosis of hPIV4 was pneumonia (44.5%), followed by acute bronchiolitis (25.0%) and acute pharyngitis (22.3%). Only 2.3% patients were expressed as croup. The prevalence among hPIV types were the highest in hPIV3 (33.7%), followed by hPIV1 (32.4%) and hPIV4 (23.3%). As shown the temporal trends of hPIV types, the most common type was hPIV3 in 2013, hPIV1 in 2014, hPIV4 in 2015, and hPIV1 in 2016. Single infection rate of hPIV4 were 40.5% which were lowest among other parainfluenza virus types (61.1% for hPIV1, 57.6% for hPIV2, and 53.5% for hPIV3).ConclusionThe prevalence of hPIV4 was common, compared with those of other hPIV types. Although hPIV4 was usually co-infected with other respiratory viruses, hPIV4 was the important pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients. Thus, we considered that the detection of hPIV4 by mRT-PCR were needed in pediatric patientsDisclosures J. Y. Park, Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases: Member, Research grant.

MARGRET M. AND PAUL B. BALTES FOUNDATION IN BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY AWARD LECTURE

The Margret M. and Paul B. Baltes Foundation Award in Behavioral and Social Gerontology recognizes outstanding early-career contributions in behavioral and social gerontology. The lecture will be presented by the 2017 recipient Giyeon Kim, PhD, Chung-Ang University. The award is generously funded by the Margret M. and Paul B. Baltes Foundation.

대학 교양교육으로서 〈글쓰기와 말하기〉 비교과 프로그램의 운영과 과제 : 중앙대학교 〈의사소통 클리닉 센터〉를 중심으로

대학 교양교육으로서 〈글쓰기와 말하기〉 비교과 프로그램의 운영과 과제 : 중앙대학교 〈의사소통 클리닉 센터〉를 중심으로

What is the most accurate radiographic criterion to determine anterior cervical fusion?

BACKGROUND CONTEXTThe accuracy of radiographic criteria for determining anterior cervical fusion remains controversial, and inconsistency in the literature makes a comparison of published clinical results problematic. The descriptions of bridging bone are still lacking and subjective, and the interpretation of images can be influenced by the type of graft or cage used. PURPOSETo assess and validate the diagnostic accuracies of four radiographic fusion criteria using the results of surgical exploration. STUDY DESIGNRetrospective, radiographic, and comparative study. PATIENT SAMPLEThis study included patients who required anterior or posterior exploration of a previous anterior cervical arthrodesis level(s) ranging from C3–C4 to C7–T1 for suspected pseudarthrosis or adjacent-segment pathologies. They underwent radiologic examinations to determine the four fusion criteria. We included patients whose images were taken at least 1 year after the index surgery, and 82 patients with 151 cervical segments were enrolled. OUTCOME MEASURESThe inter- and intra-rater reliabilities and validity that correlated with the results of surgical exploration for the four fusion criteria were assessed using data (fusion or not) that were collected by two raters. METHODSThe four published radiographic fusion criteria were interspinous motion (ISM) < 1 mm and superjacent ISM ≥ 4 mm, seen on dynamic radiographs; conventional bridging bone, as seen on computed tomography (CT) scans; and extra-graft bridging bone (ExGBB) and intragraft bridging bone (InGBB), observed on multi-axial reconstructed CT scans. The criteria were evaluated by two raters (spine surgeons with 5 and 7 years of experience). The raters evaluated each criterion twice at two different time points, 3 to 4 weeks apart. First, ISM and conventional bridging bone on CT scans were evaluated, followed by ExGBB and InGBB, with a time interval of 4 months. This Research was supported by the Chung-Ang University Research Grants (less than 5,000 US dollars) in 2016. RESULTSThe inter- and intra-rater reliability values of the ExGBB (0.887–0.933) criteria were the highest, followed by those for the ISM (0.860–0.906), bridging bone (0.755–0.907), and InGBB (0.656–0.695) criteria. The validity values that correlated with the exploration results were the highest for the ExGBB criteria (k=0.889), followed by the ISM (k=0.776), bridging bone (k=0.757), and InGBB (k=0.656) criteria and ExGBB showed the highest sensitivity (91.7%) and specificity (98.4%). Regarding the graft materials that were used, all criteria had the highest values in the auto-cortical group and lowest values in the cage group. Of note, sensitivity and specificity of ExGBB were 100% in autocortical group. In the cage group, the validity values for the ExGBB (k=0.663) and ISM (k=0.666) criteria were higher than those for the bridging bone (k=0.504) and InGBB (k=0.308) criteria CONCLUSIONThe presence of ExGBB (anterior, posterior, or lateral to the graft or cage) correlated the best with surgical exploration. The ISM criteria demonstrated a similar accuracy to that of conventional bridging bone criteria on CT scans. In arthrodesed segments with auto-cortical bone, criteria showed the highest validity values. In cage group, ISM and ExGBB had acceptable accuracy, but the conventional bridging bone and InGBB were worse than guessing. We recommend that ISM and ExGBB criteria should be used to increase accuracy in patients who undergo arthrodesis with cages.

Meta Analysis of International Commerce and Information focused on Goods and Services

한국통상정보학회의 학술지인 통상정보연구에 게재되었던 논문 중 2002년부터 2018년 3월까지의 논문 319편을 대상으로 상품 및 서비스혁신 분야에 초점을 맞춘 연구논문에 한정한 메타분석을 진행하였다. 연구방법으로 텍스트마이닝을 활용하였으며, 이를 통해 지난 17년간 게재되었던 논문의 핵심이슈와 관련영역을 정리하였으며, 분석기간과 키워드에 대해 수집된 데이터를 이용하여 키워드 빈도분석, 워드클라우드 분석, 키워드 연관분석 등의 방법을 활용하였다. 메타분석 결과, 상품서비스 분야 319편 논문 저자의 소속기관은 총 136개였으며, 상위소속기관은 중앙대, 경희대, 영남대, 동국대 순이었다. 저자수는 365명으로 김창봉, 박문서 등의 저자가 최상위 저자로 나타났다. 연도별 논문의 저자 수는 약 1.7명이었으며, 논문 작성언어로는 한국어가 압도적이었다. 주요 키워드는 제품, 서비스, 변동, 교역 등이었다. 한글초록 네트워크 분석에서는 컨버전, 산업, 화물, 금융, 수출 등의 키워드가, 영문초록 네트워크 분석에서는 Export, Perform, Korea, Transship, GTEP 등의 키워드가 나타났다.This study is meta-analysis of the articles published in the International Commerce and Information Review which 319 papers from 2002 to March 2018 focused on product and service innovation. Using the text mining as a research method, the key issues and related areas of the thesis that have been published over the last 17 years are summarized. Using the data collected about the analysis period and keyword, keyword frequency analysis, word cloud analysis and so on. As a result of the meta - analysis, the total number of theses belonging to the author of 319 articles in the product service sector was 136, and the top affiliated institutions were Chungang University, Kyunghee University, Yeungnam University, and Dongguk University. The number of authors is 365, and the authors such as Kim Chang-bong and Park Moon-seo are the top authors. The main keywords were products, services and trade. In the network analysis, keywords such as conversion, industry, cargo, finance, and export have appeared in the Korean abstract. In the English abstract keywords such as Export, Perform, Korea, Transship and GTEP have appeared.

Expanding indications of robotic thyroidectomy.

Robotic thyroidectomy has many advantages with comparable oncologic safety over conventional open surgery in low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer cases. However, there have been few reports on the outcomes of patients who have been treated with robotic thyroidectomy for more advanced thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of expanding indications of robotic thyroidectomy for more advanced thyroid cancer. The data of 80 patients with thyroid cancer who underwent robotic total thyroidectomy between January 2013 and December 2014 performed by a single surgeon at Chung-Ang University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 40 patients who had cancer larger than 2cm or suspicious capsular invasion, or central lymph node (LN) metastasis in preoperative pathologic and radiologic examinations were categorized into the more advanced thyroid cancer group and the remaining patients into the early thyroid cancer group. We compared surgical safety and surgical completeness parameters between the two groups. The patients in more advanced thyroid cancer group had larger tumors, more extrathyroidal extension, and higher T stages. Surgical safety parameters, such as hypoparathyroidism, vocal cord palsy, and other complications did not differ significantly between the two groups. Surgical completeness parameters, such as the mean number of retrieved LNs, median values of the stimulated thyroglobulin levels, and the proportion of patients with stimulated thyroglobulin levels less than 1ng/mL, also did not differ significantly. The outcomes of the patients with more advanced thyroid cancer who were treated with robotic thyroidectomy were comparable to those of the early cancer group patients. Well-designed investigations that are conducted at multiple centers are needed to affirm the validity of expanding indications of robotic thyroidectomy.

Postcholecystectomy syndrome: symptom clusters after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

PurposePostcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) is characterized by abdominal symptoms following gallbladder removal. However, there is no consensus for the definition or treatment for PCS. The purpose of this study was to define PCS among various symptoms after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and to identify risk factors affecting PCS.MethodsThis study was conducted at Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital and Chung-Ang University Hospital (2012–2013). Outcomes were assessed using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ–C30 questionnaire. Symptom cluster for determining PCS was made by factor analysis. Cluster analysis evaluating risk factors of PCS was made by Ward methods and Dentogram.ResultsFactor analysis revealed three distinct symptom clusters, those are ‘insomnia and financial difficulties (eigenvalue, 1.707; Cronbach α, 0.190),’ ‘appetite loss and constipation (eigenvalue, 1.413; Cronbach α, 0.480),’ and ‘right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain and diarrhea (eigenvalue, 1.245; Cronbach α, 0.315).’ Among these symptom clusters, the cluster of ‘RUQ pain and diarrhea’ was determined as PCS. However, we could not find any risk factors between high symptomatic group and low symptomatic group.ConclusionPCS could consist of RUQ pain and diarrhea. Well-designed prospective trials are needed to determine risk factors of PCS.

Peripheral Eosinophilia and Clinico-radiological Characteristics among Health Screening Program Recipients.

BackgroundEosinophilia is well recognized in specific conditions. The objective of the present study was to determine clinico-radiologic characteristics of eosinophilia and changes in prevalence over 10 years in recipients of private health screening program at a tertiary hospital in Korea.MethodsData of private health screening program recipients at the health promotion center of Chung-Ang University Hospital from 2004 to 2013 were collected. Health-related questionnaires and laboratory findings of private health screening program with possible relation with eosinophilia were reviewed. Results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for parasite, chest computed tomography, and pulmonary function test were also reviewed.ResultsThe cumulative prevalence of eosinophilia was 4.0% (1,963 of 48,928). Prevalence of eosinophilia showed a decreased trend from 2004 to 2013. Most cases (96.6%) had mild degree of eosinophilia. Eosinophilic subjects were older and male-predominant. They showed lower levels of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC%), and FEV1/FVC than those without eosinophilia. Eosinophilic subjects showed higher positive rate for common parasite in ELISA than those without eosinophilia. On radiologic findings, consolidation and ground glass opacities were positively associated with the degree of eosinophilia. When eosinophil was classified based on severity, statistically significant correlation between the severity of eosinophil and radiologic abnormalities was found.ConclusionEosinophilia is uncommon in healthy population. It usually occurs at a mild degree. Eosinophilic patients have more radiologic abnormalities compared to those without eosinophilia. Such radiologic abnormalities are associated with the severity of eosinophilia.

South Korean Elementary School Students’ English Learning Resilience, Motivation, and Demotivation

This study adopted the psychological concept of resilience to discover how English learning resilience is related to motivation and demotivation. English learning resilience is the internal power to overcome difficulties in adverse English learning situations. Although the concept of resilience is important in English learning situations where students’ motivation declines as time passes, only a few studies examining this topic have been conducted. The purpose of this study is to discover how English learning resilience is related to motivation and demotivation. A set of questionnaires containing 20 items on English learning resilience, 18 items on motivation, and 25 items on demotivation was provided to 187 grade 6 elementary school students in a city in South Korea. According to the results of descriptive statistics of each construct, optimism was the most salient factor in resilience, and extrinsic motivation and ideal second language (L2) self were the most salient factors in motivation. Additionally, negative attitude toward the L2 learning assessments ranked high among the demotivation factors. Regarding the structural relationship among the three constructs, a confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the constructs were independent. Finally, according to the results of an analysis of the three constructs conducted using the structural equation model, resilience showed a positive impact on intrinsic motivation and ideal L2 self but a negative impact on demotivation. This implies that, in order to increase learners’ motivation and reduce their demotivation with the passage of time in English education, it is necessary to make an effort to enhance the level of L2 learners’ English learning resilience. (Chung-Ang University)

Abdominal fat distribution measured using computed tomography is associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma in men.

A few studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the association between the visceral fat proportion and colorectal adenomas. We aimed to investigate the association between abdominal fat distribution measured by computed tomography (CT) and colon adenoma.A total of 336 participants underwent physical examination, blood tests, colonoscopy, and abdominal computed tomography at Chung-Ang University Hospital. The associations between the obesity indicies (body mass index, visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA-to-SFA ratio (VFA/SFA), and colorectal adenomas were evaluated.Of 309 subjects, 119 patients (38.5%) had colorectal adenoma. Mean age and fasting plasma glucose were higher in the patients with colorectal adenoma (P < .05, respectively). The mean VFA (153.3 cm2 vs 131.4 cm2, P < .01) and VFA/SFA (1.07 vs 0.92, P < .05) were higher in the adenoma group than in the nonadenoma group. Males had higher mean VFA and VFA/SFA (P < .001). The mean VFA, SFA, and VFA/SFA were not associated with the location, size, number, and advancement of colorectal adenoma. In multivariate analysis, colorectal adenoma was significantly associated with VFA rather than VFA/SFA. In addition, colorectal adenoma was significantly associated with VFA rather than VFA/SFA in the men. The VFA, SFA, and VFA/SFA were not associated with colorectal adenoma in the women.The VFA measured by using a CT scan was positively associated with the presence of colorectal adenoma, especially in men. Furthermore, average risk men with large visceral fat volume should be examined carefully in screening colonoscopy.

Neonatal Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation Operations Performed by Adult Cardiac Surgeons.

BackgroundPatent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation is usually performed by congenital cardiac surgeons. However, due to the uneven distribution of congenital cardiac surgeons in South Korea, many institutions depend solely on adult cardiac surgeons for congenital cardiac diseases. We report the outcomes of PDA ligations performed by adult cardiac surgeons at our institution.MethodsThe electronic medical records of 852 neonates at Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea from November 2010 to May 2014 were reviewed to identify patients with PDA.ResultsOf the 111 neonates with a diagnosis of PDA, 26 (23%) underwent PDA ligation. PDAs were ligated within 28 days of birth (mean, 14.5±7.8 days), and the mean gestational age of these patients was 30.3±4.6 weeks (range, 26 to 40 weeks) with a mean birth weight of 1,292.5±703.5 g (range, 480 to 3,020 g). No residual shunts through the PDA were found on postoperative echocardiography. There was 1 case of 30-day mortality (3.8%) due to pneumonia, and 6 cases of in-hospital mortality (23.1%) after 30 days, which is comparable to results from other centers with congenital cardiac surgery programs.ConclusionAlthough our outcomes may not be generalizable to all hospital settings without a congenital cardiac surgery program, in select centers, PDA ligations can be performed safely by adult cardiac surgeons if no congenital cardiac surgery program is available.

Changes in hepatitis B virus antibody titers over time among children: a single center study from 2012 to 2015 in an urban of South Korea

BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common cause of liver disease in endemic areas such as South Korea. After HBV vaccination, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titers gradually decrease. Trends in HBsAb titers have not been evaluated among children in South Korea over the past decade.MethodsWe screened 6155 patients (aged 7 months to 17 years) who underwent HBV antigen/antibody testing at Chung-Ang University Hospital from May 2012 to April 2015. Titer criteria were defined as follows: positive, titer ≥100 IU/L; weakly positive, titer 10–99 IU/L; and negative, titer <10 IU/L. We also compared titers before and 1 month after a single booster vaccination.ResultsOf the 5655 patients included, 3016 were male and 5 (0.09%) tested positive for HBV surface antigen. A marked reduction in antibody titer was observed until 4 years of age. Thereafter, the titers showed fluctuating decreases. HBsAb titers reached their lowest levels by 14 years of age. After 7 years of age, 50% of patients tested negative for HBsAb. Simple linear analysis showed that the titer reached levels of <10 IU/L and zero at 12.9 and 13.4 years of age, respectively. 1 month after a single booster vaccination was administered to those who were HBsAb-negative (n = 72), 69 children (96%) had developed antibodies while 3 (4%) remained HBsAb-negative.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the continuous reduction in HBsAb titers over time and in each age group was confirmed. The titer level was shown significant decline until age 4. More than half of the sample had negative titers after age 7 years. After booster vaccination, most of child significantly increase titer level.

학부 유학생 글쓰기 강의 개선 방안 : 중앙대 강의 사례를 중심으로

학부 유학생 글쓰기 강의 개선 방안 : 중앙대 강의 사례를 중심으로

대학 고전산문 교육의 비판적 성찰 : 중앙대 중국 유학생들의 고전산문 교육을 중심으로

대학 고전산문 교육의 비판적 성찰 : 중앙대 중국 유학생들의 고전산문 교육을 중심으로