Chronic Renal Disease Patients Research Articles

Sevelamer Treatment for Hyperphosphatemia in a Saudi Arabian Chronic Renal Disease Patient

Abstract Introduction/Objective Introduction: Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) often require phosphate binders to manage elevated serum phosphorus levels due to phosphorus-restricted diets being insufficient. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of sevelamer in lowering serum phosphorus and improving the serum lipid profile in a hemodialysis patient. Methods/Case Report A prospective study was conducted on a 59-year-old hemodialysis man with CKD. Sevelamer was administered orally as 800 mg tablets, with the dosage adjusted based on washout serum phosphorus levels (WSPL). Blood samples were collected every two weeks before dialysis, and all samples were analyzed using standard clinical laboratory methods. Sevelamer treatment resulted in a significant reduction in serum phosphorus levels from 6.9 mmol/l to 4.3 mmol/l. No major adverse events were observed during the trial period, and there was no evidence of negative consequences associated with sevelamer therapy. Additionally, sevelamer treatment led to a decrease in hemoglobin levels to 10.5 g/dl and a substantial reduction in total cholesterol concentration from 5.22 mmol/l to 4.26 mmol/l. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion Conclusion: Sevelamer, a non-absorbable aluminum and calcium-free phosphate binder, effectively lowered serum phosphorus levels in dialysis patients while improving lipid profiles. It was well tolerated with no instances of hypercalcemia and resulted in significant reductions in intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and total and LDL cholesterol. Sevelamer may serve as a valuable therapeutic option for managing hyperphosphatemia in patients with CKD.

Prevalence and outcome of Gastroduodenal lesion and H pylori Infection in Chronic kidney disease, pretransplant and End stage renal disease patients

Prevalence and outcome of Gastroduodenal lesion and H pylori Infection in Chronic kidney disease, pretransplant and End stage renal disease patients

Assessment of mental health and impact of patient counselling on quality of life of dialysis patients

Chronic renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis may face several problems that increase their chance of developing psychological suffering as hemodialysis is a time-consuming process. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of psychiatric illness and to evaluate the impact of patient counselling on the quality of life. A total of 135 patients undergoing hemodialysis for more than 3 months were enrolled in the study. Patients who were exposed to hospitalization, recent trauma, or major surgeries, and who were on antipsychotic drugs before onset of renal disease were excluded. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale was used to assess the prevalence and level of depression, anxiety, and stress in hemodialysis patients. From the study population, 62.9% of patients had depression, 39.2% had stress, and 22.2% had anxiety. The patients with depression, anxiety, and stress had worse scores on all domains of the QoL questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, and stress were negatively correlated with quality of life.

Study of the relationship between ghrel in hormone and nitric oxide in patients with chronic kidney disease in thi-qar governorate – IRAQ

Objective: When abnormalities in kidney structure or function are evident for more than three months, it is referred to as chronic kidney disease (CKD), a complicated and progressive chronic disorder that can have devastating health effects. Either reduced glomerular filtration rate or indicators of renal injury could be evident. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are increasingly choosing PD, HD, and kidney transplantation as treatments to extend their lives because of the development of renal replacement therapies, such as kidney transplantation, hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and continuous renal replacement therapy (which is frequently used for acute renal failure). Loss of muscle mass may result from dialysis treatments that increase protein breakdown and decrease protein synthesis. These reactions continue after dialysis. The purpose of this research is to look into the connection between the ghrelin. Materials and Method: In order to determine the blood lipid profile and Ghrelin hormone levels, 90 individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on dialysis were divided into 45 males, 45 females, and 90 healthy subjects. The Ghrelin hormone concentration was compared with the other biochemical parameters, and the relationship between the hormones Ghrelin and Nitric Oxide was also found. Results: Ninety healthy subjects and ninety chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with dialysis had their blood lipid profiles and Ghrelin hormone and nitric oxide levels measured. The results included a comparison of the hormone's concentration with other biochemical parameters and the identification of the hormone's relationship with nitric oxide. Results: When compared to the control group, dialysis patients' nitric oxide levels significantly decreased (p≤0.05). There were no discernible variations in the levels of serum nitric oxide between the sexes. (p < 0.05).Ghrelin levels in the blood serum of dialysis patients were significantly lower than those in the control group (p≤0.05). Additionally, it was demonstrated that the level of the hormone Ghrelin was significantly lower in females than in males (p≤0.05). Conclusion: When comparing dialysis patients to the control group, we detect a significant drop in the levels of Ghrelin Hormone and Nitric Oxide in patients with chronic kidney disease.It follows that low nitric oxide and ghrelin levels in chronic renal disease patients can cause kidney failure to progress to an advanced degree and eventually require dialysis.

Excessive consumption of certain sea fishes and mushrooms may pose significant health risks

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a diet-dependent molecule that causes atherosclerosis in human bodies. Elevated TMAO levels in the blood of type 2 diabetes and chronic renal disease patients have also been documented. This study examines trimethylamine (TMA) and TMAO levels in several edible mushrooms and marine fishes. According to the quantitative study, TMA and TMAO levels are high in the fish and mushroom samples. Although the examined marine fishes and mushrooms are considered nutritious and healthy, our data indicate that significant TMA/TMAO in those healthy foods may pose major health risks if ingested in excess. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 58(3), 187-190, 2023

Relation between 25-hydroxy Vitamin D Levels and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Chronic Renal Disease Patients Under Hemodialysis

Relation between 25-hydroxy Vitamin D Levels and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Chronic Renal Disease Patients Under Hemodialysis

Analysis of Factors Affecting Disease Progress And Mortality in Patients With Chronic Renal Disease

Objective: To investigate the variables influencing disease progression and death in chronic renal disease patients (CKD). Material and Methods: The design of this retrospective cross-sectional research was conducted on patients who were referred to the Nephrology Outpatient Clinic with a Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract Objective The study aims to identify the prevalence and risk factors for OSA in a group of Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods 125 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visited Mansoura University Hospital (Diabetes Mellitus Outpatient Clinic (OPC) at Specialized Medical Hospital and the Sleep Disordered Breathing Unit of the Chest Department), all of them exposed to history taking, the patients underwent anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index, neck circumference), a test of their tonsillar size, Malampati score, Friedman OSA score, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Berlin questionnaire, STOP BANG questionnaire, full-night polysomnography, fasting, and postprandial blood sugar. Results The study included 125 T2DM Egyptian patients with a mean age of 54.63 ± 9.47 years. Males accounted for 35.2 percent of patients, while females accounted for 64.8%. According to the study of co-morbidity, hypertension constituted 77 (61.1%), ischemic heart disease 28 (22.4%), other cardiac diseases 11 (8.8%), bronchial asthma 6 (4.8%), liver diseases 6 (4.8%), hypothyroidism 3 (2.4%), and renal diseases 3 (2.4%). A total of seven patients (5.6%) had no OSA symptoms, 87 had borderline symptoms, and 31 had positive symptoms. There were 51 (40.8%) normal patients, 12 (9.6%) borderline patients, and 62 (49.6%) sleepy patients on the Epworth scale. According to the Stop-Bang questionnaire, 121 (96.8%) patients answered positively. It was determined that 122 patients (97.6%) were at high risk based on the Berlin questionnaire. There were 17 patients (13.6%) with OSA on polysomnography, of which six were moderate (35.3%) and 11 were severe (64.7%). Among moderate and severe OSA patients, glycosylated hemoglobin levels differed significantly. Multivariate logistic regression analysis for independent predictors of OSA, chronic renal disease patients is the most common associated risk factor (OR = 14.3, CI = 1.2–67) then hypertension (OR = 5.6,CI=1.2–25.5) and heart failure (OR = 4.4). Conclusions OSA affects 13.6% patients with type 2 diabetes patients who are hypertensive are at higher risk of OSA, chronic renal failure is considered another risk factor Furthers studies are needed on a big scale of Egyptian diabetic patients to detect the prevalence of OSA

Estrés, ansiedad y depresión en adultos con enfermedad renal crónica en protocolo de trasplante renal

Objective: to evaluate the stress perceived, the anxiety and depression in patients with chronic renal disease (CRD) under protocol for renal transplant at a third level unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study in CRD patients on the waiting list for renal transplant. A sample of 73 individuals was selected through simple random sampling of those on the waiting list. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were studied, and the following validated questionnaires were applied: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory. Student’s t-test and Square chi-test were used for hypothesis testing. Results: the mean age of the sample studied was 35.3 (SD: 11.9 years), with a majority of male gender (72.9%). A mean score of 20 (SD: 10) was obtained in the perceived stress scale. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 12.5% and 10.4%, respectively. Patients presented minimal anxiety (58.3%) and minimal depression (75%). Conclusions: patients with CRD under protocol for renal transplant during the COVID-19 pandemic presented minimal stress, anxiety and depression. An appropriate intervention is needed in order to contribute to an improvement in their quality of life when they have not yet received a renal transplant.

Chemical Regeneration of Activated Carbon Used in A Water Treatment System for Medical Services

The chemical regeneration of exhausted granular activated carbon (GAC) from a water treatment plant to produce dialysis water used in hemodialysis treatments for chronic renal disease patients from a general Hospital of Ciego de Avila province, Cuba, was investigated. Activated carbon (AC) exhausted mainly by inorganics (Ca (Ca-chelates), Mg and Na) was regenerated using hydrochloric acid and acetic acid (one regeneration cycle). Solutions of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%(v/v) as well as four contact times (2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 48 h) for hydrochloric acid and three contact times (2 h, 4 h and 6 h) for acetic acid at 25°C and 1 atm in a dosage of 1 g GAC/10 mL were used. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray absorption technique (XRA) and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the effect of the regeneration on exhausted GAC. Batch and scaled column experiments were developed. Breakthrough curves were obtained to assess the AC’s performances after chemical regeneration. The removal/adsorption capacity towards free chlorine (as disinfection agent) and hardness ions (expressed in mg CaCO<sub>3</sub>/L) was estimated using the area under the breakthrough curves from scaled columns experiments. The hydrochloric acid arises as the best acidic regenerator; using a concentration of 20%(v/v), regenerated GACs using hydrochloric acid showed the highest desorption rate of inorganics as well as a free chlorine removal performance of around 30% concerning the virgin GAC sample. A new GAC management scheme is proposed for GACs used in the medical industry to improve the sustainability and economics of the water treatment process.

Acute hyperkalemia in adults.

Hyperkalemia is a common, life-threatening medical situation in chronic renal disease patients in the emergency department (ED). Since hyperkalemia does not present with any specific symptom, it is difficult to diagnose clinically. Hyperkalemia causes broad and dramatic medical presentations including cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death. Hyperkalemia is generally determined through serum measurement in the laboratory. Treatment includes precautions to stabilize cardiac membranes, shift potassium from the extracellular to the intracellular, and increase potassium excretion. The present article discusses the management of hyperkalemia in the ED in the light of current evidence.

Study of Homocysteine, SDMA, ADMA, UMOD, AVP, and KIM-1 in serum of chronic renal disease patients suffering from Type-2 diabetes in Basra Province

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a reduction in renal function manifested by a GFR of less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or kidney damage marker, or maybe both, last about 3 months, regardless of actual cause. Diabetes mellitus (DM) seem to be the causative factors of CKD in all high- middle-income regions, as well as in numerous low country income. Mellitus accounts for 30–50% of all CKD and affects 285 million (6.4%) individuals globally. A case-control study included 30 CKD patients with T2DM and 30 healthy subjects as a control group who visited Al-Basrah Teaching Hospital in Al-Basrah province between October 2021 and February 2022. The Age average for study population was (25-60) years. Serum levels of human AVP, ADMA, KIM-1, HCY, UMOD, and SDMA were measured by a sandwich-ELISA technique. The results revealed a highly significant increase in the levels of homocysteine, SDMA, ADMA, AVP, and KIM-1 in CKD-diabetic patients (P < 0.05) and a highly significant decrease in the level of UMOD (P<0.05) compared to control. According to the results, we conclude: Hyperhomocysteinemia occurs in chronic and end-stage kidney diseases. A potential indicator of renal health, uromodulin allows for the early identification of CKD. This tubular secretion marker may possibly represent intrinsic "kidney function" and residual nephron mass in addition to glomerular filtration. The oxidative stress markers ADMA and SDMA are both known to contribute significantly to the emergence of endothelial dysfunction. Increased kidney damage molecule-1 and arginein vasopressin levels suggest that these molecules may be involved in the etiology of declining renal function.

Role of Routine Markers in the Diagnosis of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease CKD cause different GFR declines (AKI). A gradual, irreversible decline in GFR is a CKD symptom. Diseases impair the kidneys’ ability to concentrate or dilute tubular filtrate, eliminate nitrogenous waste, and maintain acid-base balance. Acute kidney failure (AKF) is a sudden, reversible renal function loss requiring RRT. Chronic kid- ney disease has a 13.4% global prevalence and 1.2 million annual deaths.The Aim Serum creatinine, urea, potassium, chloride, calcium, sodium, and serum uric acid in CKD patients and healthy controls, and how these indicators vary with CKD development.Determination of some trace elements such as copper, zinc, and iron in the sera of patients.Materials and Methods The study included (30 healthy participants) and (60) patients with CKD (control). The participants in this study were people who traveled to Basrah Teaching Hospital aged 25 to 65. From Octo- ber 2020 to February 2021, specialized physicians examined each participant in this study at Basrah Teaching Hospital. Serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, urea, uric acid, and serum creatinine were measured using kits.Results The current study results have shown a signif- icant increase (P < 0.01) in the following biomarkers in CKD patients: serum creatinine, urea, phosphorus, chlo- ride, uric acid, and Cystatin-C. The results also showed a significant decrease in levels following biomarkers in CKD patients: serum calcium and sodium.Conclusion Chronic renal disease raises serum creati- nine, urea, potassium, chloride, and uric acid. Chronic renal disease patients had lower calcium and sodium levels.

Levels of C-Reactive Proteins in Pregnant Women and its Relation with Preeclampsia in Singleton Pregnancy

Objective: To find the levels of C-reactive protein pregnant women and its relation with preeclampsia in singleton pregnancy. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur Azad Kashmir from 1st July 2021 to 30th June 2022. Methodology: One hundred preeclampsia and 50 control women were enrolled. Protein in the urine presenting renal impairment, decrease platelet counts and renal disease were assessed. Cases that had a blood pressure which was chronically high in cases prior to gestation or were chronic renal disease patients were excluded from the study. A biochemical analysis of C-reactive proteins was conducted through ELISA. The results were than interpreted in terms of their association with preeclampsia. Demographic details and clinical parameters as body mass index (kg/m2), familial history, any related comorbidities, clinical signs and symptoms were documented. Results: The mean age of the preeclampsia women was 31.3±3.2 years while that of pregnant women who were normal controls as 25.8±3.8 years. Primigravida was higher in preeclampsia women while multigravida was higher in normal control pregnant women. Hypertension was prevalent in 73% of the preeclampsia cases than 10% of the normal control pregnant cases. Urinary protein was high as 2 gm in 51% cases of preeclampsia The C-reactive protein value was also significantly higher in preeclampsia cases than normal controlled pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a direct significant association between preeclampsia and high levels of C-reactive proteins. Keywords: C-reactive protein, Pre-eclampsia, Pregnancy

Frequency of Hypothyroidism among Chronic Kidney Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypothyroidism and its association with socio-demographic factors, serum creatinine, and thyroid profile in chronic renal disease patients who visit a tertiary care facility in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: At the Nephrology ward of the Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College in Karachi, this cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 2022 to Jul 2022. All patients with chronic renal failure who were older than 18 years and of either gender were enrolled in the study. The patient's complete medical history was gathered, which included details on their age, co-morbidities, baseline renal function, and thyroid profile. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The median age of included patients was 60 years with an interquartile range of 52 to 65 years. Of 127 patients with chronic kidney disease, 14.2% had hypothyroidism. Patients with hypothyroidism had marginally higher serum creatinine levels than patients without the condition. The difference in serum creatinine between patients with and without hypothyroidism was statistically insignificant (p=0.655). Significantly elevated TSH was observed in hypothyroidism patients (p=0.001), while significantly lower FT3 (p=0.001) and FT4 (p=0.001) were observed in hypothyroidism patients as compared to non-hypothyroid patients. The duration of chronic kidney disease was higher in hypothyroid patients as compared to non-hypothyroid patients (p=0.048). The proportion of diabetes (p=0.050) and cardiovascular disease (p=0.050) was significantly different among patients with and without hypothyroid. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and is significantly associated with serum creatinine, thyroid profile, duration of disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, it is crucial to keep an eye on thyroid function in people with chronic kidney disease.

Retraction: Arterial stiffness and serum uric acid in predialysis chronic renal disease patients

Retraction: Arterial stiffness and serum uric acid in predialysis chronic renal disease patients

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Impact of Proteinuria-Associated Hypomagnesemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross Sectional Study

Background and Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who have hypomagnesemia are at greater risk of mortality and progression. A limited amount of data is available on the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in kidney-related risk factors and chronic kidney disease patients. The present study aimed to assess the Proteinuria-associated hypomagnesemia in chronic renal disease patients: prevalence, risk factors, and effect. Patients and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 128 chronic kidney disease patients in the Medicine Department of Shifa International Hospital, Rawalpindi from January 2022 to August 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are as follows: group-I composed of Proteinuric and group-II non-proteinuric. Prior to study conduction, the ethical committee approved the protocol. Patients with prior history of ileostomy, malignancy, chronic diarrhea, colostomy, and using magnesium based medications were excluded. Detailed history, physical examination, and investigations such as serum total magnesium level (mg/dl), serum sodium level (mg/dl), serum creatinine (mg/dl), and total cholesterol and triglycerides (mg/dl) were recorded. Hypomagnesemia was defined as a serum magnesium level &lt; 1.8 mg/dL. Results: Of the total 128 CKD patients, there were 66 (51.6%) male and 62 (48.4%) females. Group I and II had 64 patients each. The overall mean age of group-I and group-II was 48.82±12.52 and 48.21±10.64 years respectively. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia (&lt;1.8 mg/dL) in the proteinuric group was 20 (31.3%). Diabetic patients are more susceptible to hypomagnesemia. The incidence of diabetic, hypertensive, and both diabetic and hypertensive was 12 (60%), 3 (15%), and 5 (25%) respectively among 20 hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia patients had higher CRP (46 mg/L), UACR (2064 mg/g), lower serum potassium (56.4%), lower mean hemoglobin levels (10.2 g/dL), and lower serum sodium (34.9%) as compared to normomagnesemic patients 12 mg/L, 810 mg/g, 24.8%, 11.25 g/dL, and 8.6% respectively. Conclusion: The present study found that there is an independent association between hypomagnesemia and proteinuria in non-dialysis CKD patients. Anemia and hyperparathyroidism are risk factors for inflammation and anemia in CKD patients pre-dialysis. Dietary magnesium supplementation and hypomagnesemia correction may retard proteinuria and CKD progression in CKD patients. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Proteinuria-associated hypomagnesemia, Risk factors

The progress of chronic renal disease patients followed by the diagnosis of COVID-19 in ICU

Aim: The mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 disease are higher in patients with comorbidities. In this study, we staged patients with chronic renal failure hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) and aimed to evaluate the process of the disease according to the stage of failure.&#x0D; Material and Method: The medical records of 249 patients followed in Ankara City Hospital MH3 ICU were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into three stages according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) value (stage 1: e-GFR≥90 ml/min/1.73 m², stage-2: e-GFR: 15-89 ml/min/1.73 m², stage- 3: e-GFR≤15 ml/min/1.73 m²). Data such as age, gender, comorbidity status, length of stay in the ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality rate of the patients were recorded. Patients who were evaluated as stage-2 were also classified into 3 stages (stage-2a: e-GFR: 60-89 ml/min/1.73 m², stage-2b: e-GFR:30-59 ml/min/1.73 m², stage-2c: e-GFR: 15-29 ml/min/1.73 m²) and evaluated with the same parameters.&#x0D; Results: The mean age of all patients was 71 years. It was found that the intubation rate was higher (p=0.012) and the mortality rate was higher (p=0.003) in patients evaluated as stage-3. APACHE II and SOFA scores were higher than the other groups (p=

Anaemia in Chronic Kidney Disease

Objective: To gauge the frequency of iron deficiency anaemia among chronic renal disease patients and factors related to the presence of anaemia at our hospital.&#x0D; Study Design: Cross-sectional study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of nephrology Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan, Nine months, Sep 2019 to May 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: Three hundred patients suffering from the chronic renal disease were included in the study. Iron deficiency anaemia was diagnosed based on haemoglobin and ferritin levels. In addition, the relationship between age, gender, duration of chronic kidney disease and stage of chronic kidney disease was assessed with the presence of iron deficiency anaemia among the patients suffering from chronic kidney disease.&#x0D; Results: Out of three hundred patients studied, 139 were males, and 161 were females. Out of 300 patients with chronic kidney disease included in our study, 159 (53.0%) showed the presence of iron deficiency anaemia, while 141 (47.0%) had no anaemia. Chi-square analysis showed that female gender, long duration of illness and more severe illness had a significant association with iron deficiency anaemia among the patients with chronic kidney disease.&#x0D; Conclusion: High frequency of iron deficiency anaemia among the patients of chronic kidney disease in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. Routine screening for anaemia should be done, especially on female patients and patients with more severe and long-standing illnesses.

Renal disease is a risk factor for complications and mortality after open reduction internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures.

BackgroundRenal osteodystrophy predisposes renal disease patients to fracture. Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) frequently undergo open reduction internal fixation (ORIF); however, the effect of renal disease on outcomes is unknown.MethodsA retrospective review of the Nationwide Readmissions Database used International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, codes to identify patients who underwent ORIF for closed PHF from 2010 to 2014 with no renal disease, predialysis chronic renal disease (CRD), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).ResultsA total of 85,433 patients were identified, including 5498 (6.4%) CRD and 636 (0.7%) ESRD. CRD and ESRD patients had increased age, comorbidities, and rates of Medicare insurance. After adjusting for differences, CRD and ESRD patients were at increased risk of any complication (odds ratio [OR] 2.48, 1.66), blood transfusion (OR 1.85, 3.31), respiratory complications (OR 1.14, 1.59), acute renal failure (OR 4.80, 1.67), systemic infection (OR 2.00, 3.14), surgical site infection (OR 1.52, 3.87), longer length of stay (7.1 and 12.9 days vs. 5.9 days), and higher cost ($21,669 and $35,413 vs. $20,394) during index hospitalization, as well as surgical site infection (OR 1.43, 3.03) and readmission (OR 1.61, 3.69) within 90 days of discharge, respectively, compared with no renal disease patients. During index hospitalization, CRD patients also had increased risk for periprosthetic fracture (OR 4.97) and cardiac complications (OR 1.47), whereas ESRD patients had increased risk of mortality (OR 5.79), wound complication (2.67), and deep vein thrombosis (OR 16.70).ConclusionThese findings suggest renal patients are at increased risk for complications after PHF ORIF, highlighting the importance of close perioperative monitoring and appropriate patient selection in this population, including strong consideration of nonoperative management.