Chromyl Chloride Research Articles

The Reaction of Chromyl Chloride with Olefins1

The Reaction of Chromyl Chloride with Olefins¹

127. A study of the mechanism of oxidation with chromic acid. Part III. Glycol fission with chromic acid and chromyl chloride

127. A study of the mechanism of oxidation with chromic acid. Part III. Glycol fission with chromic acid and chromyl chloride

Volatilizing Chromium as Chromyl Chloride

Volatilizing Chromium as Chromyl Chloride

Temperature dependence of the absorption spectrum of chromium oxychloride

The effect of temperature on the absorption spectrum of chromium oxychloride has been studied. It is found that the structure in the diffuse banded portion of the spectrum between 6000 and 5300 Å, described in previous work, becomes much less pronounced with rising temperature, disappearing at about 220° C, while at the same time the average absorption increases noticeably there. The absorption between 5300 and 2300 Å is continuous without structure. The earlier interpretation of the spectrum is revised in view of the new data.

Spectrum of Sulphuryl Chloride

KRONIG, Schaafsma and Peerlkamp1 have recently described measurements on the absorption spectrum of chromium oxychloride, which exhibits a somewhat unusual system of diffuse narrow bands in the region of 6000 A. The absorption spectrum of the closely related compound sulphuryl chloride has been studied using pressures of 1–100 mm. with an absorbing column of 50 mm. and over the range 5000–2000 A., and indicates certain features not unlike those reported in the case of chromium oxychloride. Between 3170 and 2800 A. a succession of about twenty narrow diffuse bands is observed (region A). These bands are not, except in the region of longer waves, equidistantly spaced, different intervals varying between 180 and 250 cm.1. In the intervals between the bands 1/2, 2/3, 3/4 (numbering from the long wave end), about four very faint absorption lines are visible, with equidistant spacing. There may be some definite pattern in the region as a whole, which more accurate analysis should reveal. From 2790 to 2730 A. there is a series of about eight similar absorption strips (region B) with markedly different frequency interval (c. 100 cm.1) from those in region A. From 2700 to 2620 A. occurs another much less intense series of some fifteen or more diffuse strips, with frequency separations of the order 100 cm.1 (region C). It is probable that the regions A, B and C are all related to the same electronic process. There are certain similarities in the system to that described in the spectrum of chromium oxychloride.

XXVI.—The oxidation of certain sesquiterpenes with chromyl chloride and chromic acid

XXVI.—The oxidation of certain sesquiterpenes with chromyl chloride and chromic acid

CCXIII.—Contributions to the chemistry of the terpenes. Part X. The action of chromyl chloride, nitrous acid, and nitric acid on bornylene

The first page of this article is displayed as the abstract.

Societies and Academies

LONDON. Chemical Society, November 7.—Sir William Rimsay, K.C.B., F.R.S., president, in the chair.—Gaseous nitrogen trioxide: H. B. Baker and Mrs. Baker. Liquid nitrogen trioxide can be converted into the gaseous state if it is dried completely. The liquid is green at the ordinary temperature, but becomes blue below -2°. In liquid air it solidifies to a mass of dark blue crystals.—The atomic weight of tellurium: H. B. Bakor and A. H. Bennett. During the. last thirteen years the authors have investi gated tellurium, and the possibility of its containing a second element, but so far all the evidence obtained points to the homogeneity of the element.—The isomerism of the double sulphites of sodium and potassium: M. H. Godby. No evidence of the existence of the two isomeric salts KO.SO2Na and NaO.SO2K could be obtained.—Studies in the camphane series, part xxiv., camphoryldithio-carbamic acid and camphorylthiocarbimide: M. O. Forator and T. Jackson. Descriptions of both these compounds are given.—The vapour pressures of triethylamine, of 2:4: 6-trimethylpyridine, and of their mixtures with water: R. T. Lattey. The total pressure curves obtained experimentally for these mixtures conform to the type expected theoretically. The partial pressure curves can be calculated by a form of the Duhem-Margules equa tion.—Liquid triethylamine: R. T. Lattey. Evidence is brought forward to show that the amine is a unimolecular liquid.—Note on the constitution of homoeriodictyol: F. B. Power and F. Tutin. It is shown that in so far as the observations of Mossier (Sitz. K. Acad. Wiss. Wien, June) with regard to this compound are accurate, they can be explained by the formula previously suggested by the authors (Traas. Chem. Soc., xci., 889).—The alkyl com pounds of gold. Diethylauric bromide, preliminary note: W. J. Pope and C. S. Gibson. This colourless crystal line substance, the first alkyl compound of gold described, is obtained by the action of auric bromide on magnesium ethyl bromide in ether.—The interaction of methylene chloride and the sodium derivative of ethyl malonate. A correction: F. Tutin. The yellow sodium salt previously described (ibid., xci., 1141) is the sodium derivative of ethyl dicarboxyglutaconate, formed by the action of chloro form present as an impurity in the methylene chloride.—Preparation of aliphatic nitro-compounds: P. C. Rây and P. Neogi. The nature and quantities of the nitrites and nitro-compounds obtained by interaction of various alkyl iodides with mercurous nitrite are given.—Some mercury derivatives of camphor: J. E. Marsh and R. de J. F. Ctruthers. A description of the compounds obtained by heating camphor with alkaline mercuric iodide.—Contri butions to the chemistry of the terpenes, part ii.: G. G. Henderson. The addition product of chromyl chloride and limonene is described, as well as the decomposition products obtained from this.—The synthesis of acridines and phenonaphthacridines, tetra- and hexa-methylacridines, dimethylphenonaphthacridines, dixylylmethylenediamines: A. Senior and A. Compton.—The root and leaves of Morinda longiflora: M. Bar rowel iff and F. Tutin. These materials are reputed in Sierra Leone to possess valuable medicinal properties, but the products obtained from them, viz. (a) hydroxymethoxymethylanthraquinone, (b) morindanol, C38H61O3.OH, m.p. 278, (c) a phyto-sterol, (d) hentriacontane, (e) a mixture of lower fatty acids and citric acid, and (f) resins and other amorphous products, possess no pronounced physiological activity. A small amount of the alizarin monomcthyl ether, which occurs in “Chay” root, was also obtained.—Ethyl α-cyano-γ-phenylacetoacetate: A. R. Smith and J. F. Thorpe.—Aromatic amides and imides of camphoric acid: W. O. Wootton.—The melting point of d-phenylglucos-azone: F. Tutin. The phenylosazones of sugars occurring naturally in a number of plants have been prepared, and found to melt at temperatures varying 1 from 205° to 219°. On re-crystallisation from pyridine they melted at 215° to 218°, which is the melting point of d-phenybglucosazone, similarly re-crystallised from pyridine.—The interaction of cyanodihydrocarvone. amyl nitrite, and sodium ethoxide: A. Lapworth and E. Wechsler.

Societies and Academies

Societies and Academies

On nontronite

A method of three-dimensional (3D) holography is used for the growth of photonic crystals of sub-micron cell parameters by gas decomposition in a 3D interference field of UV laser light. Either amorphous or crystalline chromium oxides are obtained by photolysis of chromyl chloride CrO2Cl2 for different experimental conditions. The most interesting product is obtained for a photolysis of CrO2Cl2 at low pressure, on a cooled TiO2 single-crystal substrate and for a higher beam energy. The growth begins with the formation of epitaxial CrO2 metastable phase which is partly transformed into Cr2O3 under UV irradiation. Due to crystallographic orientational relationships between CrO2 and Cr2O3, the growth of a well organized 3D photonic crystal of Cr2O3 phase goes on according to the 3D periodic modulations of electromagnetic energy of the interference field. In the present case, the Cr2O3 phase exhibits four sets of equivalent crystallographic orientations with respect to the single-crystal substrate. From such a result, one can expect to produce in a further work photonic crystals constituted of single-crystalline Cr2O3 phase in epitaxy onto a Cr2O3 or sapphire Al2O3 substrate.