Christian Education Research Articles

Development of Learning Media for Early Childhood Christian Education Based on Book Creator

This study aims to develop learning media for Christian education for early childhood based on book creator. The results of observations in the field show that the learning media for Christian education in kindergartens throughout North Tapanuli district is still minimal. Development is carried out using the ADDIE model, which consists of 5 (five) stages, namely analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. The data collection instruments used are validation sheets for Christian Education material content experts, Early Childhood Education (ECE) experts, learning design experts, and learning media experts. Based on the validation test, the results were obtained that the Christian education learning media for early childhood with book creator developed has feasible and valid criteria to be used with a percentage for material experts 80% and ECE experts 85%, learning design experts 80%, learning media experts 83%, and product revisions have been carried out so that they can be tested in the field. The teacher response questionnaire sheet obtained the results that the learning media for Christian education for early childhood based on book creator developed has interesting and practical criteria used for learning with a percentage of teacher response questionnaires of 88%. The data generated from the teacher response questionnaire shows that the book creator developed is feasible, practical, and effective to use.

A review of Christian Education and Democracy in India edited by George Thadathil

A review of Christian Education and Democracy in India edited by George Thadathil

Adrian Thatcher, Vile Bodies: The Body in Christian Teaching, Faith and Practice

Adrian Thatcher, <i>Vile Bodies: The Body in Christian Teaching, Faith and Practice</i>

한국의 기독교 선교가 독립운동에 미친 영향

The purpose of this study was to look at the devaluation of Christianity and its alienation from the people and ask, “What is the meaning of Christianity being introduced into Korean society, and what impact has it had?”. In the process of accepting Christianity, the analysis focused on political and social situations, economic and religious situations as acceptance factors. Politically and socially, the pressure for reform and opening by Western powers, the signing of treaties, and the introduction of new systems were analyzed. In terms of the economic situation, the economic impoverishment suffered by the people of countries that failed to adapt to world historical changes and quickly accept the culture of modernization explained. In addition, referring to the suppression of Catholicism in the process of introducing Catholicism and the failure of the Catholic introduction process in the religious situation, various methods were tried and the situations in which the gospel was gradually spread were explained. It was pointed out that Christianity had a great influence on the modernization of Korea during the Enlightenment period, including the spirit of patriotism and love for the people, prohibition of discrimination between people and books, and the abolition of the caste system. In addition, the fundamental reason for the acceptance of Christianity was that it was recognized as a powerful religion that made wealth possible, and thus the gospel expanded from the powerless ruled class to the ruling class. Meanwhile, Christianity had a great influence on the March 1st Independence Movement, and the changes in the consciousness of the Joseon people due to Christian missions were examined through the establishment of independence association branches, differences in active participation, and a confession written by a nobleman. In addition, we looked into the teachings of Christianity, focusing on the subject of the independence movement, the purpose of the movement, and the methods of action in the independence movement as shown in the Declaration of Independence, and the relationship between Christianity and the role of the March 1st Movement and Christian schools. Lastly, it concludes that in the face of the decline of Christianity, which had a great influence during the turbulent times of Korean history, the Korean people need to know and learn about history.

Exploring the Spiritual Formation of Generation Z Students in Christian Schools: A Reflective Journey

This reflective narrative chronicles a transformative journey of an educator’s experience teaching in a private Christian school and the subsequent pursuit of research on the spiritual formation of Generation Z students. Drawing upon Dewey’s notion of reflection and a comprehensive review of the literature and spiritual development theories, the author examines why students in Christian schools identify teachers as the primary influence in their spiritual formation. This reflection explores the complexity of spiritual development, the challenges posed by Generation Z students’ digital native characteristics, and the feelings of inadequacy among teachers in fostering spiritual formation. Guided by Greenberger’s reflective framework and Dewey’s principle of continuity, the author aims to deepen her understanding of students’ perceptions and cultivate confidence and aptitude in supporting students’ spiritual growth. The analysis highlights teachers’ multifaceted roles as trusted confidants, mentors, role models, and spiritual guides, transcending the boundaries of academic instruction. The reflective practice findings emphasize the authenticity and modeling of faith by teachers and relationship building, which creates a powerful environment where students observe and internalize the practical application of Christian principles. Additionally, the study considers the varying stages of faith among students and the need for teachers to adapt their roles and approaches accordingly. Key Words: Reflective Practice, Christian Education, Spiritual Formation, Generation Z, Westerhoff

Kasiyana as Religious Communication among the Kankanaeys in the Philippines

Indigenous cultures have their belief systems, including the recognition of a supreme being, and with such recognition comes their moral systems, which guide how they live their lives. As for the Kankanaeys in the Cordillera Region of the Philippines, Kasiyana is one of the practices that portrays their belief in the divine and serves as a moral guide in their relationship with other people and the environment. The pervasiveness of Kasiyana in the Kankanaey cultures makes it a viable source of reflection in religious communication. Thus, the paper aims to make explicit how Kasiyana expressions and manifestations are forms of religious communication. The paper started by extracting how the COVID-19 survivor participants perceived, expressed, and manifested the Kasiyana. With the participants’ extracted manifestations of Kasiyana, the paper discussed how the Kankanaey concept of Kasiyana qualifies in some pertinent areas of religious communication. The paper also presented how Kasiyana is intertwined with Christian teachings, making it more sensible to discuss as religious communication. Keywords: Indigenous, cultural identity, cultural preservation, Kankanaey spirituality, Cordillera

Mendidik Anak-Anak Yang Bermoral Rohani di Era Teknologi Informasi Sesuai Dengan Iman Kristen

The development of technology has a great influence on the spiritual morals of children. In this case, the role of parents, churches, and Christian schools is enormous. Based on theoretical studies and practical experiences, this paper aims to explain how parents, churches, and schools can play a major role in developing children's spiritual morals amid the onslaught of information technology. The method used is literature research based on biblical studies and practical studies based on experiences from parents at GKT New Life Semarang and Kindergarten Bintang Nusantara Banyumanik. This study concludes that parents, churches, and schools can build children's belief in the Bible's value through storytelling. Furthermore, social communication through family altars, online meetings for worship and fellowship, or private conversations for evangelism is also good to do. In addition, parents must be role models for children in spiritual matters, and the church must play a role in equipping parents. Christian teachers also need to be equipped to educate the children they are educated. Meanwhile, for teaching about the impact of technology, parents must firmly set boundaries and be an example. In addition, the church can also give lectures on the use of technology by the principles of the Christian faith and use it to preach the gospel. In schools, teachers must also provide teaching about the impact of technology and utilize technology as an attractive learning medium for children.

Православное воспитание в детских организациях эмиграции «первой волны» 1920 – 1930-е гг.

In Europe, in the second half of the XIX century, the first children's and youth movements were created. Their goal was the physical and moral development of young people. Moral values were instilled through Christian education. The Russian Empire was no exception, and since 1909, the scout and "potesnnie" movements began their activities in it, paying much attention to the Orthodox upbringing of their wards. In emigration, religious education became even more important. In the conditions of a foreign environment, the threat of assimilation and acculturation of Russian children increased. It was planned to resist this with a great emphasis on the study of national culture, including its religious component. Since it was not possible to cover all children in Russian schools in the scattering, more flexible children's and youth organizations became more important. In those colonies where churches existed, they participated in divine services, helped in holding Christian holidays, invited priests to classes and camps. In the richest and most numerous diasporas, such as the Parisian one, field churches in summer camps have become popular. In addition, classes on the Law of God were held in children's associations and exams were passed on knowledge of the basics of Orthodox culture, which made it possible to reach children living in remote regions. There were several main organizations that worked with children: scouts (NORS, ORYUR, NORR, ORPR), the gymnastics movement "Sokol", the national organization "Vityazi" under the Russian Student Christian Movement. All of them paid a lot of attention to religious education, although the "vityazi" were the most active in this regard. A certain indicator of the success of such work can be the fact that many children who passed through such associations later became priests and bishops.

Niño, infancia y educación en las páginas del periódico Estado de Minas en la década de 1930

The article presents and analyzes conceptions of children, childhood and education contained in the pages of the Estado de Minas newspaper in the 1930s, indicating the existence of two predominant tendencies within the news: one new, more liberal and modern, called Americanism; the other old, more conservative and traditional, called Iberian Federalism. The interpretation of the news’ contents occurred based on authors such as Bardin (1988), Werneck Vianna (1997), Nunes (1998) and Guimarães (2013), among others, aiming to systemize, group, describe and categorize the conveyed messages. As a result, it is shown that the symbiosis between the new and the old stems from the moral, medical and psychological discourses which leave their mark on the debate about the assistance and education of the children. The newspaper Estado de Minas, as a space of ideological dispute for the power to form the Brazilian people and nation was not immune to this movement and this simbisosis. Liberals, "moderns" and Americanists advocate schoolnovism. Conservatives, "ancient" and Iberian defended religious and Christian education with fervor. However, the crisis of capitalism in the world manifested in the American crisis of the 1930s does not cease to appear in the pages of the newspaper and in the educational debate.

Optimization of Early Childhood Motor Development (AUD) through Interactive Games at PAUD and Bethel Kindergarten Sentani

Community service activities conducted by the Department of Early Childhood Christian Education (PKAUD) at STAKPN Sentani aim to enhance early childhood motor skills at PAUD and TK Bethel Sentani through interactive games. These activities include coconut shell stilts (egrang batok kelapa), role-playing with the theme of "buyers and sellers," and alphabet arranging with the theme of "arranging one's own name." The implementation of these games is expected to improve both gross and fine motor skills in children, as well as their cognitive and social abilities. Observations indicate that coconut shell stilts help with body balance and coordination, while role-playing and alphabet arranging enhance creativity, communication, and early literacy skills. This program not only provides practical benefits to PAUD and TK Bethel Sentani but also enriches academic insights in early childhood education literature.

La lección pedagógica del ejemplo de Sodoma en el Pedagogo III 44.1 de Clemente de Alejandría: La comparación entre Síbaris y Sodoma

This article aims to analyze the reception of the term Sodom in the Paed. II 43.5-44.4, by the prominent Christian teacher and apologist. The methodology initially follows an immanent reading of the passage; subsequently, a historical-critical approach is undertaken to situate the implicit moral assumptions of the time in the interpretation of the Alexandrian theologian. The result is an argumentative structure based on the opposition between simplicity-tryphé (luxury) and a comparative framework between Sodom and Sybaris.

Личностный и социальный идеал согласно Поучениям преподобного Аввы Дорофея

Introduction. Christianity, which developed in special historical conditions on the territory of Byzantine Gaza, gradually formed a unique school of spiritual mentoring in the region, associated with the names of outstanding ascetics. At the same time, a regional ascetic literary tradition was developed. Theoretical analysis. Dorotheus of Gaza, an outstanding Christian teacher of the early Byzantine period, formulates his own critical view of contemporary social norms, human nature and the causes of human vices, contrasting them with the lifestyle of a Christian ascetic. Abba Dorotheus pays considerable attention to the psychology of spiritual development and the struggle with the passions. This article examines and summarizes the main motives in the teachings of Abba Dorotheus, through which he defines the personal and social ideal of Christian asceticism. Conclusions. It is concluded that the teachings of the saint Dorotheus of Gaza are aimed at the formation of not only a personal, but also a social ideal, and monasticism, as interpreted by Abba Dorotheus, is not an anti-social movement, but should contribute to the formation of a new, just community based on the principles of communitarianism and liturgical unity. It is emphasized that achieving this goal does not imply political, military or intellectual confrontation with the outside world.

Art and Cultural Diversity of Dayak Ngaju Tribe: Christian Education Interactive Learning on Kuala Kurun

The prevalence of comedy and satirical programming on television and online platforms has contributed to a growing divide between entertainers (musicians) and their audiences, with the former offering guidance, criticism, and a reflection of everyday life through their work. As far as the researchers's search and exploration, there are still a few who examine and can even be said to rarely relate music through the culture of Karungut and Deder song, a culture that exists and lives in Dayak Ngaju, Central Kalimantan. This research is interesting because besides music as a fun strategy, Deder song as local wisdom is an expression of the daily life of the Dayak people in Central Kalimantan. This song contains advice, satire, advice and is still present today as part of the richness of world civilization. Lantunan Deder is presented in traditional events (weddings, welcoming guests and various Manasai dances that include men and women in rhythm or balance). Participation in Lantunan Deder has become interesting as a strategy for learning about the content of Christian religious education lessons in schools, living rooms and churches. The usefulness is more about the love of culture, God also sensitizes the participation of women and men as part of the sustainable development goals (SGDs). The research method used 4D model development with analysis and validation space and considered diversity, and song structure. The results showed that Deder as method, strategy, development, cultural actualization, as well as an instrument rarely done in the learning process of Christian religious education and researchers conducted direct practice in the field by melting Deder chants with the learning process which resulted in the creativity of students as actors and user subjects as well as cultural preservation subjects for Ngaju Dayak culture.

The educational ministry of early Korean colporteurs

The study of the history of Korean colporteurs is relevant to recreate their important role in the spread of education in Korea and their impact on the present, as well as to understand the intercultural influence and innovative approaches to education. The purpose of the article is to identify the educational activities of Korean colporteurs. In the course of the study, a number of methods of theoretical cognition were used, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, specification and generalisation. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were reached: the colporteurs were the first to translate the Bible into Korean and played an important role in spreading Christian teaching and educational activities in Korea. Сolporteurs played a key role in training and supporting local colporteurs and new believers, providing them with education and training to become spiritual and educational leaders in an environment where the majority of the population rejected Christianity. Acting as intermediaries between foreign missionaries and Korean women, biblical women expanded the church’s influence and, with special training, were prepared to preach the Gospel and distribute the Bible to non-Christians, introducing new perspectives on the role of women in a society where Confucian tradition had limited their activities. Colporteurs also contributed to the preservation of the Korean language and culture in the face of Japanese colonisation by promoting and maintaining the Korean Hanguel writing system and facilitating the creation of a standard Korean language. This article will be useful for historians studying missionary activity in general, as well as for scholars studying the history of 19th-century Korea.

Peran Guru Kristen dalam Membangun Karakter Siswa di Sekolah Multikultural

This research examines the role of Christian teachers in building student character in multicultural schools. Using a holistic approach, this research explores how the integration of Christian values ​​in the formal and informal curriculum, as well as the development of programs that support diversity, can shape students’ overall character. The research results show that Christian teachers who consistently apply values ​​such as love, honesty, integrity, and tolerance in their teaching not only improve students’ academic aspects but also strengthen their morals and ethics. In addition, Christian teachers’ participation in extracurricular programs has been proven to have a significant positive influence on the formation of students’ character, especially through activities that encourage cooperation, empathy and respect for differences. This research confirms the importance of a holistic approach in character education in multicultural schools and the significant contribution of Christian values ​​in forming an ethical and tolerant generation.

Upaya Membentuk Karakter Anak Sekami di Lingkungan Waitiu Paroki Santo Alfonsus Maria De Liguori Melalui Kegiatan Keagamaan

The activities of Dedication to the Society (PkM) with the aim of educating the children of Sekami in the Waitiu Parish of St. Alfonsus Maria de Liguori Lewotala are important activities for shaping the character of children of the Sekami. This is done because today many Sekami children are trapped in life behaviors that deviate from Christian teachings like stealing, making dirty words, disrespecting parents, teachers and peers, not engaging in spiritual activities and so on. The activity aims to cultivate and shape the character of the Sekami children in the Waitiu Parish of St. Alfonsus Maria de Liguori Lewotala through religious education activities. The method in this devotional activity is in the form of cultivation and education to the children of Sekami through presence, involvement and also sharing of faith. This dedication takes place every Saturday afternoon in May 2024. The result of this activity is the children of the Waitiu Parish of St. Alfonsus Maria de Liguori Lewotala.becoming increasingly aware and growing in himself the Christian character of life by engaging in various activities programmed by animators-animatrists in order to make himself a superior human being later on who is firmly attached to Christian teachings.

Muhammad's Prophecy in Christianity and Islam: Debate and Controversy

The cross-religious debate that is most often discussed is about the claim of the apostle as the final Prophets, which is believed in Christianity that it never happened. The apostle was Muhammad Pbuh, an ordinary human being given advantages and privileges and elevated above all creatures. Contrary to the Christian belief that Isa or Jesus in the Christian belief is their greatest human being, the Bible is written about the arrival of a great figure that was promised. Therefore, this paper seeks to reveal the truth in Christian teachings regarding Muhammad as the complement of previous teachings. By including evidence from several figures from these two heavenly religions, namely Christianity and Islam, supported by evidence found in the Bible and al-Qur’an. The descriptive analysis method is used in this research to analyze the understanding of the two major religions of the world and related cross-religious teachings and doctrines. It’s supported by comparative methods that make it easier to see and know the comparisons found in both Islam and Christianity. A theological approach is used in this qualitative literature review, where the perspective of this writing is taken from studies that analyze scripts from holy books, discussing interfaith concepts and matters related to doctrine in religion. With this research it is hoped that further researchers will be able to take the value if necessary to be refined with an explanation broader and complete the deficiencies contained in this writing.

Peran Kepala Sekolah SMK Negeri 1 Dolok Sanggul dalam Pelaksanaan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah dan Hubungannya dalam Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Kristen

The role of the principal of SMK Negeri 1 Dolok Sanggul in implementing school based management in the context of its relationship with Christian educational leadership in order to be able to improve the quality of the learning process in the school context. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the role of school principals in implementing SBM and this research uses qualitative researches were interviews, observation, and qeustionnaiers. The result of the research are the influence of the role of the school principal on the implementasion of school based management and its relationship in Christian educational leadership. Keywords:Headmaster, School Based Management, Christian Education

Etika Berpacaran dalam Tinjuan Etika Kristen

The author is interested in discussing the role of dating ethics in the review of Christian ethics. The importance of digging deeper into how dating ethics can be applied in the dynamics of today's life is the basis of this conversation.This journal aims to explore the ethics of dating not only to form, but also to strengthen the relationship between partners.Qualitative method is a scientific research that aims to understand a phenomenon in natural social contact by prioritizing the process of in-depth communication interaction between the researcher and the phenomenon to be discussed. Ethics is about what is good and right. Most people agree with the ethical values of honesty, keeping promises, respect, accepting mistakes, respecting human rights and taking responsibility. Dating ethics refers to the principles and practices that should be followed when in love. It includes qualities such as respect, honesty and commitment to the relationship. Dating rituals also include the responsibility to protect your partner's feelings and trust. You as well as avoid any actions that hurt or harm both parties in the relationship. Dating is an exploration between individuals, Creating love with human relationships also increases the motivation to learn, establish close friendships, and give heart. By following these principles, we can create strong and important relationships based on moral values blessed by the teachings of Christ.

Queen Victoria’s ‘Liberated African’: Sarah ‘Sally’ Forbes Bonetta and Her Extraordinary Apprenticeship by the British Royal Family, 1850–1862

ABSTRACT In 1848, Dahomey’s army enslaved a five-year-old Yoruba girl, named Aina, whose fate on the surface was unusual. She was given as a ‘gift’ to a British diplomat who presented her to Queen Victoria in England in 1850. This girl was ‘liberated’ according to anti-slavery law that was applied to Africans taken off slave ships, and she can be identified as a ‘Liberated African’. The Queen’s special interest in Aina was expressed further through her baptism as Sarah Forbes Bonetta (c. 1843–1880), although she was generally known as ‘Sally’. Because of this relationship, British newspapers romanticized her as an ‘African princess’ who symbolized public endorsement of anti-slavery policy. Sally’s apprenticeship centres a fascinating story within the context of the suppression of the slave trade and imperial ambitions in Africa. While not captured on a ship, as 200,000 ‘Liberated Africans’ were, she was enslaved by Dahomey’s army, British diplomats ‘liberated’ her, and the Queen became her legal guardian until the age of 21. The Queen paid for her Christian education in Sierra Leone and England, and in 1862, arranged her marriage to James Pinson Labulo Davies, a wealthy merchant based in Lagos.