Christian Education Research Articles

Sustainable Reflexivities on Perennial Philosophy and Christian Education Management

The background of this research is the authors' anxiety in the midst of accelerating times in the education space as if to announce that the old educational values are outdated and irrelevant values. This thoughts are more to the prioritization of constructive philosophy, or something that is deconstructed. Meanwhile, the context of education cannot be universalized into one even though the regulations in education in a country cover the whole. Old values are meaningful and timeless values that are timeless. This kind of thinking is a thought that departs from the philosophy of perennialism. This is qualitative research with data search through data sourced from journals as previous research as a secondary source. Results show that the philosophy of perennialism here serves as an analytical and differentiating tool to look back at the philosophy of constructionism as a criticism as well as a realization for the world of education in the form of the importance of maintaining existing or embedded values so far.

Public Theology, the Church and Youth Development in Ghana

The article is an examination of theological insights that Public Theology provides for the development of young people in Ghana. The article argued that the church is strategically positioned to make significant responses to contemporary challenges confronting youth development through its Public Theology. The study affirmed that the churches provide spiritual guidance, Christian education, entrepreneurship programmes, support systems and youth-focused ministries which help the youth to develop a sense of purpose and a strong moral compass such as integrity, compassion and social responsibility. The young people however face the challenge of unemployment, moral decadence, social neglect, relationships and the effects of corruption. The study recommends that through its theological resources, the church must play a vital role in youth development by paying attention to the socialization processes of the youth at home, church and school. Moreover, attention must be paid to mentoring which facilitates the process of discovering the right persons for leadership, entrepreneurship, social transformation and advocacy for young people to be empowered to make significant contributions to church growth and nation building. Keywords: African Christianity, Public Theology, Youth Development

Hubungan Penggunaan Metode Belajar Aktif Tipe Quis Team Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik

The Relationship between the Use of Active Learning Methodes of Quis Team Type and the learning Outcomes of Students in Christian Religius Education and Character Education Class VIII SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 Academic Year” The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant relationship of using the Quis Team type method on the learning outcomes of students in Christian Education class VIII Negeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The method used in this research is a quantitave research method with descriptive and inferential statistical approaches. The population is all class VIII student of SMP Neeri 4 Tarutung for the 2023/2024 academic year, totaling 103 people and sample of 36 people was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 22 itmes for variable 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship tes obtained rxy = 0,567 > rTable (a=0.05,n=36) =0,329. b) Testing a significant relationsip obtained t count = 4,016 > tTable(a=0,05,dk=n-=34) = 2.042. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y=34,36+0,63X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test(r2)= 32,2%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0,05, dk numerator k=11, dk denominator=n-2=36-2=34) namely 16.09 > 2.16. Thus Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Thesis: Department of Christian Religius Education, Tarutung State Christian Institute.

Transformed Individuals, Transforming the World: A Challenge to the Christian Church in Ghana

It has been argued that due to the fallen moral standards even in the Church, moral decadence and its associated ills have risen to alarming heights in Ghana. The 2021 Population and Housing Census shows that over 71% are Christians, yet corruption, greed, arrogance, pride, and extravagant lifestyles, for example, have become a challenge to the moral fibre of the country. The question is “Why is Christianity growing in Ghana, yet clouded with an increase in moral decadence? Opinion leaders, including some church leaders, do not only agree that corruption should be nipped in the bud, but they encourage that a conscious effort is made to change attitudes. Through a literary review of relevant scholarly materials, this paper argued that individual transformation is a prerequisite to transforming the world. With an ethical theory of deontology providing the theoretical lens, this paper posited that the Church is responsible for intensifying her Christian education, nurturing, or character formation activities to enable members to become faithful disciples and active responsible citizens who would transform their world. This article contributes to the exploration of Christian education and Moral or Character Formation in Ghana. Keywords: Christian Education, Theory of Deontology, Character Formation, Kakistocracy.

Pengaruh Metode Reward and Punishment Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 29 Pardomuan I Kecamatan Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024

The purpose of this study is to determine how much influence the Reward And Punishment method has on the Learning Motivation of Christian Education for Class V Students of SD Negeri 29 Pardomuan I, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Learning Year. The research method used is quantitative research method with inferential statistics. The population is all grade V students of SD Negeri 29 Pardomuan I, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, totaling 35 people. This study is a population study because the subjects are less than a hundred people so all of them are taken. Data was collected using a closed questionnaire of 40 items, namely 24 items for variable X and 16 items for variable Y. The results of data analysis showed that: 1) test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained value rxy = 0.517 > rtable(=0.05; IK=95%; n=35) which is 0.334 (0.517 > 0.334). b) A significant relationship test obtained a calculated value of 3.47 > the ttable price for an error of 5% of the two-party test and dk = n-2 = 35-2 = 33, then obtained ttable = 2.021 (3.47 > 2.021). 2) influence test: a) regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ̂=41.81+0.20X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r²) = 26.7%. 3) test the hypothesis using the F test obtained Fcalculate = 11.58 and obtained Ftabel = (=0.05, dk numerator k k = 18, dk denominator = n-2=35-2=33) = 1.51 then Fcalculate > Ftable which is 11.58 > 1.51. So it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence of the Reward And Punishment Method on the Learning Motivation of Christian Education for Class V Students of SD Negeri 29 Pardomuan I, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Learning Year.

Penerapan Pendidikan Kristen Terhadap Kecerdasan Moral Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Di Paud SOS HKBP Sitabotabo

The aim of this research is to apply Christian education to the moral intelligence of children aged 5-6 years at PAUD SOS HKBP Sitabobo. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data sources in this research are school principals and teaching staff. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, documentation and interviews. And then the data analysis technique is carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that there is an instillation of moral values ​​and Christian values ​​carried out by teachers in children aged 5-6 years at PAUD SOS HKBP Sitabota, starting from daily habits such as disciplinary time, greetings and greetings, teaching respecting each other's differences of opinion, teaching each other to love each other, teaching politeness to parents and other people, teaching an attitude of helping each other, and teaching children how to worship well, pray, sing and introduce themselves to God's creation. And when the teacher introduces good manners, or a helpful attitude, the teacher not only gives advice or orders, but also concrete examples. From the habits that teachers have taught to children, researchers see that not all children obey the rules or habits that have been taught by their teachers. And researchers also see that children are slowly starting to follow the rules or habits taught by their teachers at every meeting or every day. So the results of the research show that the morals of children at PAUD SOS HKBP Sitabobo have developed a lot.

PEREMPUAN KANAAN DAN DAYA JUANGNYA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN NARATIF ATAS MATIUS 15:21-28 DAN RELEVANSI TEOLOGISNYA BAGI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KRISTIANI

This article aims at examining a fighting spirit that characterizes the Canaanite woman in Matthew 15:21-28 as a source of inspiration for Christian education addressed to the youth. It focuses on her choice of actions and of words, especially shown in verses 25 and 27. In order to do so, it employs a narrative method that takes seriously every detail related to her performance. It tries to understand how her struggle emerges and why Jesus says that she has a great faith. After discussing the subject matter in several points, this article comes to a conclusion that the element of faith first of all lies on the human side, namely a fighting spirit, a spiritual entrance to receive God's mercy. Pope Francis states that a fighting spirit is visible when Christian believers, especially young people "always try to find their true identity, be themselves, and be creative in pursuing holiness in living life in the world. (CV, art. 161)”. The second theological message is that God understands and cares for everyone, especially those who ask for His help. The third theological message is that God's grace gives changing for everyone. It means that God's grace makes our identity in life more pleasing to Him

SAVED TO SERVE: SALVIFIC ROLE OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION IN DISCIPLING MUSLIM CONVERTS FOR SOUND CHURCH INTEGRATION

This paper is an exposition of the salvific role of Christian education in discipling Muslim converts for sound church integration. This is done by considering the responsibility of the great commission to disciple and the fact that Muslim converts need special attention in terms of discipleship for proper and sound church integration, which helps them become stable Christians. This situation is particular to but not limited to churches in North-East Nigeria. To achieve this, the writer employed the descriptive method for the study. Findings revealed that the role of Christian education is paramount to the physical and spiritual growth of Muslim converts and to integrate them into the church through engaging discipleship, which consists of the practical and biblical orientation of love, service, worship, proclamation, and advocacy, which are the tasks of Christian education according to Pazmino. This writer concludes that discipleship is a responsibility following salvation of individuals and groups to enhance the belief of Muslim converts. Moreover, there is no other option than for Christian educators in the church to care and teach with relevant resources considering the situation and the understanding of the Muslim converts who see the church as a community where they can love and be loved. This writer hereby recommends that churches in this changing world should be prepared for Muslims who will come to Jesus Christ and not wait until they come before thinking of what to do.

기독교교육 전(前)역사에서 발견되는 기초화와 어린이신학의 관점

기독교교육 전(前)역사에서 발견되는 기초화와 어린이신학의 관점

기술시대 포스트휴먼화가 종교와 교육에 미치는 영향과 기독교교육에의 시사점

기술시대 포스트휴먼화가 종교와 교육에 미치는 영향과 기독교교육에의 시사점

К вопросу о К. Д. Ушинском как переводчике

The article continues the development of the topic "K. D. Ushinsky as a translator", started about 10 years ago by V. G. Bezrogov and M. V. Tendriakova and some other researchers. It is shown that the study of K. Ushinsky's translation work is carried out in several directions: the study of the European source base of Ushinsky's textbooks, and the special features of his translations of works by Western academics. This article provides new information on K.D. Ushinsky's translation of "Der Unterricht in der Klein-Kinder-Schule", a manual for teachers of elementary schools, by Friedrich Adolph Disterweg (1790-1866), one of the leading German teachers of the 19th century. Disterweg's manual is intended for teachers working with 5-7-year-olds and is a model for the holistic approach to primary education, combining "real" knowledge and Christian education in the classroom. Der Unterricht in der Klein-Kinder-Schule" is known to the Russian-speaking reader in the translation by K.D. Ushinsky as "Beginnings of Children's Schooling". For reasons not entirely clear, Ushinsky's translation significantly reduced the material of religious content, which is reflected not only in the removal from the translation of the religious-song section, but also in the compressed presentation of some other places of Christian themes.

The Meaning of ‘Marriage’: A Christian Perspective in a Zambian Context

This article focuses on the institution of marriage. It seeks to clarify the meaning of same-sex union from a Christian point of view and tries to tease out how this may be located within the conception of the institution of marriage. It is an attempt at redressing what seems to be a growing misuse of the term "marriage" in so far as it is applied outside the context of heterosexual union, a situation that, in the authors’ view, if left unchecked, may lead to the loss of the meaning of the term. Against this backdrop have been some contentious maneuvers by some sections of society in Zambia to push for the legalisation of same-sex marriages, which has bred divergent views among Zambians. The rationale behind the study, therefore, was to provide a critical difference between the union of the same sex and that of the opposite sex. Methodologically, the study was a desk review that sought reliance on secondary data to analyse and bring to light what marriage means in line with Christian teaching. It is apparent from the analysis of the paper that the general feeling of the majority Zambians is that the fact that other countries have legalised same-sex unions should not sway Zambia as a nation, as she has her own ground to position her stance on the matter, with the church as her pillar.

The Animal Sacrifice Ritual as an Entry Point to Theology in the Cultural Context of Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara

Doing contextual Theology is the intersection between faith and culture and how the faith transforms culture. For this reason, a cultural ceremony can be an entry point for spreading the faith in a culture. In Sumba, various traditions in the indigenous religion (Marapu) involve an animal sacrifice ritual. This ritual helps the Marapu followers to maintain a good relationship with the Creator. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the meaning of animal sacrifice ritual from the viewpoint of the Sumba community as an entry point in efforts to do contextual theology. Qualitative methods were used to compare this ritual with the biblical concept of sacrifice, particularly the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, which is actualized in the Eucharist celebration. The results showed parallel and incompatible themes between the meaning of sacrifice ritual in Sumba culture and in the Christian perspective. Therefore, there can be a convergence between Christian teachings and Sumba cultural practices by addressing parallels while overcoming incompatible themes.

Role of the Discussion Method in Increasing Student Learning Motivation in Christian Education Subjects

This study discusses the role of the discussion method in increasing student motivation in Christian Religious Education subjects. The purpose of this research is to identify how the discussion method can influence students' learning motivation and why this method is effective in the context of Christian Religious Education subjects. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach by collecting data through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of documents related to the curriculum. The results of the research show that the discussion method has a significant role in increasing students' learning motivation, by encouraging active participation, exchange of ideas, and a deeper understanding of the material. Factors such as an inclusive classroom environment, teacher facilitation, and student involvement in discussions also play a role in the effectiveness of this method. Therefore, it is recommended that the discussion method be integrated more broadly into Christian Religious Education learning in order to improve the quality of learning and student motivation.

Pengaruh Metode Diskusi Terhadap Keaktifan Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Pangururan Kabupaten Samosir Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the positive and significant influence of discussion methods on the learning activity of grade XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Pangururan, Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Learning Year. The method used in this study is quantitative research method. The population is all grade XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Pangururan, Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Learning Year who are Protestant Christians totaling 252 people and a sample of 50 people was determined, which is 20% of the total population using random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 36 items, namely as many as 16 items for variable X and as many as 20 items for variable Y compiled by the author in accordance with expert theory. The results of the data analysis showed that there was an influence of the discussion method on the learning activity of class XI Christian education SMA Negeri 1 Pangururan, Samosir Regency Learning Year 2023/2024: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0,572 > rtable(=0,05,n=50) = 0,297. b) Test the relationship of significant obtained values tcount= 4,831 > ttable(=0,05,dk=n-2=48)= 2,021. 2) Test the influence: a) Test the regression equation, obtained regression equation . b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 32,7%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable=(=0,05,dk numerator k=16,dk denominator=n-2=50-2=48) is 23,34 > 1,51. Thus, Ha, namely the influence of the discussion method on the learning activity of class XI Christian education of SMA Negeri 1 Pangururan, Samosir Regency Learning Year 2023/2024 was accepted and H0 was rejected.

Theology of Christian education on leading toward spiritual transformation in the frame of religious moderation in digital society context

Christian education is being challenged by the transformation of culture in a digital society and some problems that still occur due to religious diversity in Indonesia, such as intolerance, discrimination, and radicalism. Religious moderation is one of the priority programs of The Ministry of Religion Republic of Indonesia to achieve harmony and peace in society. Therefore, this research aims to explore the Theological study of Christian education in leading toward spiritual transformation based on religious moderation in a digital society. Using a qualitative research methodology with a Library-research approach, this study explored studies and literature reviews on the Theology of Christian education, spiritual transformation, and religious moderation. Based on the results of the data analysis in the literature review, This research formulates spiritual transformation in the frame of Religious moderation, such as transforming into a righteous life, loving life, and good citizenship.

Munus triplex: A pedagogical application of a theological concept

The authors considered the identity of Christian teachers to be an urgent matter because of rapid changes in society, and assumed that such a consideration could help to envision education in an authentic way. They recognised that the current understanding of Christian identity emphasises unity with Christ and, therefore, set out to demonstrate that this unity is not only a matter of private spiritual life, but must also be carefully considered in professional practice. This article is not a research paper per se, but rather an exploratory, constructive essay. The authors examined and elaborated on unity with Christ with the help of the so-called three offices of Christ: prophet, priest, and king. After interpreting the Heidelberg Catechism and bringing it into critical dialogue with contemporary voices, they identified the implications of the three offices for educational practice. The office of prophet was reflected in both the implicit and explicit messages of the teacher. The office of priest was observable in a teacher’s compassionate behaviour, while the office of king was seen in the teacher’s humble citizenship and struggle against evil, as well as in the ethical views that a teacher promotes in class. Three offices were found helpful in rethinking Christian teachers’ role. The implications of this research included the potential for counterbalancing dualistic practices (role of the prophet), placing an emphasis on care instead of neoliberal pressures (role of the priest), and envisioning subject content within the coming of the kingdom (role of the king).Contribution: Through its consideration of the teaching profession in terms of the three offices of Christ, this article’s research seeks to enhance the professional identity of faithful Christian teachers. While the focus is primarily on those employed in Christian schools and also intends to influence the identity of those working in secular settings. The authors argue that teachers are prophets in the messages they impart, priests when they act compassionately, and kings when they encourage dedicated and exemplary citizenship.

Collaboration of Islamic and Christian Teachers in Implementing Religious Moderation Education

This article aims to reveal the collaboration of Islamic and Christian religious teachers in SMA/SMK in the Pantai Labu District. The method used is descriptive research with a field approach and data analysis named after Miles and Huberman. The research results found were [1]. The activity of combining students in one group to clean houses of worship, both mosques and churches, has been carried out by Islamic and Christian religious teachers. The target is of course to provide experience and habituation for students to do together in every social activity, [2]. If there are friends and parents of grieving students, Islamic and Christian religious teachers always combine Muslim and Christian students to attend the visit. [3]. If any of the students are experiencing grief, the Islamic and Christian religion teachers direct students to give their sincerity in collecting the finances that will be given to the grieving students without discriminating between race, ethnicity, and religion owned by each student. [4]. Familiarize students to support each other in completing the equipment needed for the activities of religious holidays. [5].Inviting each other to religious holidays. The implication of this article can be a guide for religious teachers in multicultural Education in their respective schools. It can open up space for thoughts if teachers are contaminated with narrow thinking.

Psychological effects of Christian teachings about sin and hell

ABSTRACT This study explores the psychological effects of Christian teachings about sin and hell. Little is known regarding factors predicting whether religious involvement will increase or decrease overall distress, especially for minoritised groups. The researcher developed the Christian Teachings about Sin and Hell Scale (CTASH) and recruited 683 former or current self-identified Christians via convenience sampling. A MANOVA was conducted to determine whether population means for scores on the CTASH differed significantly based on age, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, race, church denomination, and religious identity. Individuals who had disaffiliated with Christianity, were LGBTQ±, were female, were nonbinary, and who had deconstructed their beliefs reported significantly increased overall distress related to the Christian teachings about sin and hell. Certain groups also differed significantly on specific CTASH items. Findings illuminate the interactions between intersectional identity, religious identification, and exposure to teachings about sin and hell as they impact psychological distress.

ATTENDING TO ATTENTION

AbstractAttention has often been seen as a selective process in which the mind chooses which already‐formed objects to focus on. However, as Merleau‐Ponty and others have pointed out, this ignores the complexity and ambiguity of sensory information and imposes on it a set of already‐formed objects in the world. Rather, attention is a process by which objects in the world are constituted by the perceiving subject. Attention thus involves a process of mutual negotiation with the environment. There are connections between this and the process of attente described by Simone Weil, in which the perceiving subject suspends the dominant preoccupations of the ego in order to become more aware of an independent reality. This, in turn, expresses in a more modern idiom what early Christian teachers had to say about the role of attentive looking in the contemplative life.