Metastatic Carcinoma Of Choroid Research Articles

Value of the strain ratio in the differential diagnosis of intraocular tumors by elastosonography: A retrospective case-control study.

To examine the role of the strain ratio in elastosonography for the differential diagnosis of common intraocular tumors such as choroidal melanoma, choroidal hemangioma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, and retinoblastoma. This study included patients suffering from intraocular space-occupying lesions and who visited Beijing Tongren Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2016 to March 2020. All patients underwent a physical examination, fundus examination with mydriasis, color Doppler ultrasonography, elastosonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fundus angiography within 1 week. All patients were grouped as choroidal melanoma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, retinoblastoma, choroidal hemangioma, and optic disk melanocytoma. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the strain ratio for diagnosing malignant intraocular tumors. A total of 155 patients (161 eyes) were recruited. The strain ratios measured were 39.59 ± 15.92 for choroidal melanoma, 36.85 ± 13.64 for choroidal metastatic carcinoma, 38.93 ± 17.27 for retinoblastoma, 13.42 ± 10.93 for choroidal hemangioma, and 3.84 ± 1.32 for optic disk melanocytoma. The strain ratios of the three malignant lesions were significantly higher than those of the two benign lesions (all P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.95 ± 0.028. The optimal cutoff point was 22.67, with 85.7% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity. There were significant differences in elasticity between the malignant and benign intraocular tumors. The strain ratio using elastosonography could serve as an important auxiliary examination to distinguish between benign and malignant intraocular tumors.

Small choroidal melanoma and pseudomelanomas: methods of differential diagnostics (literature review). Part 3

The third part of literature review (see first part in ROJ 2019; 12 (4): 99–108, second part in ROJ 2020; 13 (2): 88–98) discusses the features characteristic of small uveal melanoma and pseudomelanomas (choroidal nevus, circumscribed choroidal hemangioma, melanocytoma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium, late-stage age-related macular degeneration, focal retinochoroiditis, organized subretinal hemorrhage, retinal hemangioma) which were revealed by optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography-angiography. The need for further comparative studies aimed at defining differential diagnostic is emphasized.

Small choroidal melanoma and pseudomelanomas: methods of differential diagnostics (literature review). Part 2

The first part of the literature review described the ophthalmoscopic picture of the small choroidal melanoma and pseudomelanomas [ROJ, 2019; 12 (4): 99–108]. This is the second part of the review, which describes the features characteristic of small uveal melanoma and pseudomelanomas, revealed by fluorescence angiography and autofluorescence. Typical properties of fluorescence and autofluorescence are presented for every disease of the eye fundus studied: small choroidal melanoma, choroidal nevus, circumscribed choroidal hemangioma, melanocytoma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, late-stage age-related macular degeneration, focal retinochoroiditis of the posterior pole, organized subretinal hemorrhage, retinal hemangioma. The attention was focused on the similarity of angiographic and autofluorescence symptoms of the diseases under study. The need for new differential diagnostic criteria was emphasized.

Small choroidal melanoma and pseudomelanomas: methods of differential diagnostics. Part 1

Choroidal melanoma is a malignant tumor prone to early metastasis. Its clinical picture is polymorphic, as a result of which it can simulate many diseases of the fundus, which are referred to in the literature as pseudomelanomas. Among these are: choroidal nevus, localized choroidal hemangioma, melanocytomas, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium, late stage of age-related macular degeneration, focal retinal choroiditis, organized subretinal hemorrhage, retinal hemangiomas. However, studies comparing the clinical signs of all listed pseudomelanomas and small choroidal melanoma are few. The first part of the review describes the ophthalmoscopic picture of the small choroidal melanoma and pseudomelanomas.

Clinical and pathologic observation of uveal metastatic carcinoma

Objective: To observe the clinical and pathological features of uveal metastatic carcinoma. Methods: It was a retrospective case series study. The clinical manifestation, growth pattern, tumor types and relative pathological features of 13 patients visiting from January 1980 to December 2014 with uveal metastatic carcinoma in Tianjin Eye Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were 13 cases, 6 cases of male and 7 of female. Age was from 37.0 to 66.0 years old. The mean age was 52.1 years old. all cases were monocular. There were 5 cases with right eye and 8 cases with left eye. Among 13 cases, 10 tumors were in posterior choroid, one tumor was in anterior choroid and ciliary body, 2 tumors were in the iris. There were 5 patients with lung cancer, 4 patients with breast cancer, 1 patient with prostate cancer, 1 patient with thyroid cancer and 1 patient with esophageal cancer. The primary tumor wasn't found in 1 patient. The rapid decrease of visual acuity showed in 10 patients with posterior choroidal metastatic carcinoma, 8 of them accompanied with extensive retinal detachment and 6 of them had secondary glaucoma. The multiple gray-white nodule or pink cauliflower mass on the papillary margin of iris were showed respectively in 2 patients with iris metastatic carcinoma. The pathological examination found that posterior choroidal metastatic carcinoma mainly located in temporal or nasal side choroids in 10 cases, among them, local or diffuse flat choroidal masses showed in 6cases, extensive mass involving choroid and ciliary body showed in 1 case, large nodular or globular choroidal mass showed in 2 cases, choroidal mass surrounded the optic disc in 1 case, optic nerve invasion showed in 3 cases and extraocular or orbital invasion showed in 3 cases. The scleral and subconjunctival invasion showed in 1 case of anterior choroid and ciliary body metastatic carcinoma. Conclusions: Uveal metastatic carcinoma manifested various growth pattern, the rapid decrease of visual acuity, flat or nodular choroidal solid mass, secondary retinal detachment and glaucoma were common clinical features. Some cases might invade extraocular or orbital tissue. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2016, 52: 769-774).

Application of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the diagnosis of ocular tumors

Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) fusion combines the advantages of both imaging modalities (quantification of metabolic activity and anatomic localization of tumor). With once scan, whole-body imagings can obtain with highly sensitivity to reflect the physiological and biochemical processes of the body and accurate position about the lesions. As an important clinical imaging diagnostic tool, since the first combined PET/CT scanner introduced to the medical community in 1998, it's has been gradually applied in the detection of ophthalmic tumors in recent years, such as choroidal melanoma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, retinoblastoma, ocular lymphoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma of lacrimal gland etc. In this paper, the principle of PET/CT, the clinical application value of standardized uptake value (SUV) and the clinical application of PET/CT in ocular tumors were summarized. Key words: Positron emission tomography and computed tomography; Fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose; Standardized uptake value; Ocular tumor

Clinical Characteristics of Metastatic Choroidal Tumors in Korean Patients

Purpose: To study the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of choroidal metastatic carcinoma in Korean patients. Methods: The records of 25 eyes of 21 patients with choroidal metastatic carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Primary tumor origins, the time from the diagnosis of primary carcinoma to the diagnosis of choroidal metastases, other metastatic lesions elsewhere in the body, ocular features, symptoms, and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: The most common primary tumor sites were the lungs (52%) and breasts (24%). Common metastatic lesions besides choroid included central nervous system, bone, lungs, and the liver. The mean time from the diagnosis of primary carcinoma to the diagnosis of choroidal metastases was 36 months. The mean life expectancy was 16 months, but relatively shorterfor lung cancer (13.3 months) than for breast cancer (22.7 months). Fifty-four percent of cases resulted in clinically evident shrinkage of the tumor after palliative treatment for the choroidal mass. Vision improved or stabilized in 46% of cases, and retinal reattachment was achieved in 47% of cases. Concurrent external beam radiotherapy and chemotherapy produced higher response rates than chemotherapy alone for the shrinkage of tumors (p=0.05) and retinal reattachment (p=0.04). Conclusions: In Korean patients, the lungs and breasts are the two most common primary tumor sites for chorodial maetastatic carinoma, though metastatic lesions elsewhere are very common. Palliative treatment for choroidal metastases is efficient for tumor shrinkage, retinal reattachment, and the preservation of vision. However, the prognosis for patients with choroidal metastases remains poor.

Choroidal metastasis from carcinoma of the bladder.

To report choroidal metastasis from the newly described nested variant of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder as the initial presentation of metastatic disease. A 58-year-old man with a history of urothelial bladder carcinoma developed progressive decreased visual acuity in the right eye. Fundus examination showed an amelanotic choroidal tumor simulating a choroidal melanoma. Results of ancillary diagnostic tests, needle aspiration biopsy, and systemic workup failed to confirm the diagnosis of choroidal metastasis. The patient was treated with enucleation the affected right eye. Histopathologic analysis of the enucleated eye disclosed a choroidal metastatic carcinoma with urothelial features similar to those of the bladder carcinoma excised previously. Despite adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, the patient died 7 months after enucleation. Choroidal metastasis may be the initial manifestation of metastatic bladder carcinoma and is associated with a poor survival prognosis.

Clinical and pathological analysis of choroidal metastatic carcinoma

To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of choroidal metastatic carcinoma. The clinical data, pathological character, primary tumor origin and histological classification of 18 patients with choroidal metastatic carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. Most patients had severe visual impairment. Solid mass was seen in the posterior pole of the eyes in all 18 patients through ocular fundus examination, 8 cases had retinal detachment. B scan and CT examination found flat or irregular masses. MRI examination had been performed on 5 patients, high signal intensities on T1W and low signal intensities on T2W were found. Five patients were adenocarcinoma, 4 were squamous carcinoma and 3 were undifferentiated carcinoma through pathological examination. Primary tumor was lung carcinoma in 10 cases (55%) and breast carcinoma in 4 cases (22%). Rapid decrease of visual acuity, flat neoplasm in ocular fundus and secondary retinal detachment are the main clinical characteristics of choroidal metastatic carcinoma. The most common primary tumor is lung carcinoma and the most common histopathological classification is adenocarcinoma. Imaging examination is helpful for the diagnosis of choroidal metastatic carcinoma.

Local Irradiation of Metastatic Carcinoma of Choroid with Radioactive Iodine : A Preliminary Report

Local Irradiation of Metastatic Carcinoma of Choroid with Radioactive Iodine : A Preliminary Report

Metastatic Carcinoma of Choroid with Primary Focus in the Prostate Gland

Metastatic Carcinoma of Choroid with Primary Focus in the Prostate Gland

Metastatic Carcinoma of the Choroid by Report of Two Cases, Four Eyes

More cases of this condition are seen than the reports in the literature would indicate. The salient features deduced from these reports are mentioned. Two cases are reported. Carcinoma of the breast had been excised in each; in one nine years and in the other two and one-half years before. In one case one eye was excised and the pathologic examination was reported. Read before the Ophthalmic Section, Medical and Chirurgical Society of Maryland, 1925.