Chongqing University Research Articles

A Retrospective Observational Study of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer and Colorectal Cancer From a Single Center in the Recent 5 years.

To retrospectively analyze the effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on the progression free survival (PFS) of advanced gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). We retrospectively collected all the HIPEC data of GC and CRC in the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from August 2018 to April 2023. Data were extracted from inpatient records and outpatient examination records. The IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 software was used to analyze the data. We mainly compared the PFS of HIPEC cases with that of non-HIPEC cases (both from our center and from the literature). PFS was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Log Rank (Mantel Cox), Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon), and Tarone-Ware were used for univariate analyses. A total of 342 HIPEC cases were analyzed in this study. Stage IV GC and CRC accounted for 48.5% of the total number of cases. Abdominal pain and distension (47.4%) were the most common side effects from HIPEC. Serious complications were rare (1.8%, including bleeding, perforation, obstruction, and death). The PFS and disease-free survival (DFS) of abdominal malignancy treated with HIPEC were significantly associated with the TNM stage, but not HIPEC numbers nor HIPEC drugs. In stage IV HIPEC cases, adding adjuvant chemotherapy after HIPEC resulted in better PFS. In addition, the association between peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) and PFS of stage IV HIPEC cases was close to significant. Compared with the 33 stage IV (with peritoneal metastases) GC cases without HIPEC in our center from the last 15years, the PFS of the 56 stage Ⅳ GC cases with HIPEC was not improved significantly (median PFS: 6 ± 2.92months vs 7 ± 1.63months for with vs without HIPEC in stage IV GC, respectively; P ≥ 0.05). Compared with the 58 stage IV (with peritoneal metastases) CRC cases without HIPEC in our center from the last 15years, the PFS of the 86 stage IV CRC cases with HIPEC was not improved significantly either (median PFS: 7 ± 1.68months vs 7 ± 0.62months for with vs without HIPEC in stage IV CRC, respectively; P ≥ 0.05). When comparing our HIPEC data with the non-HIPEC data reported by other scholars for the PFS of advanced GC and CRC, the negative results were similar. The PFS/DFS of HIPEC cases was associated with the TNM stage, but not with the HIPEC numbers or HIPEC drugs. PCI may be related to the PFS of stage IV HIPEC cases. Adding chemotherapy or targeted therapy after HIPEC may improve the PFS of stage IV cases. HIPEC did not significantly improve the PFS of stage IV GC or CRC cases in our center.

Post-Chemotherapy Clinical Perianal Infection Features in Patients with Acute Leukemia

Objective: This study aims to examine the incidence of post-chemotherapy perianal infection and its influencing factors in patients with acute leukemia.<br>Methods: A total of 243 patients with acute leukemia who underwent chemotherapy in the Three Gorges Hospital affiliated to Chongqing University, China, between January 2019 and December 2020 were selected as study subjects. In the present retrospective study, patients with post-chemotherapy perianal infection were monitored, and the perianal infection rate and clinical features of perianal infection were determined. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test, and the influencing factors of post-chemotherapy perianal infection in patients with acute leukemia were evaluated using logistic analysis.<br>Results: A total of 24 patients (9.88%) with acute leukemia suffered post-chemotherapy perianal infection. Age, basic perianal disease (hemorrhoids) history, constipation, diarrhea, duration of agranulocytosis, and length of hospital stay were compared among the patients. Perianal disease classification, perianal ultrasound, colonoscopy, postoperative pathology, and other clinical data were compared and discussed in relation to the occurrence and development of the disease. The results showed that there were no significant differences in perianal infection degrees between genders and among different types of leukemia (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in age, pain score, minimum white blood cell count, deficiency duration, and length of hospital stay among patients with different degrees of infection. The Spearman rank correlation test showed that the perianal infection degree was positively correlated with the highest hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level (p < 0.05). The difference was statistically significant; the higher the maximum hs-CRP/procalcitonin levels, the more serious the perianal infection.<br>Conclusions: Perianal infections are common in the procession of chemotherapy or myelosuppression. This is worthy of clinical recognition. Early recognition of perianal infection and the strengthening of infection risk factor control may be beneficial to improving the subjective feelings of patients with acute leukemia undergoing chemotherapy.

Science and Engineering Undergraduates’ Attitudes and Perceptions of English-Mediated Instruction – A Case Study in A Chongqing International Cooperative Program

This research sought to investigate the perspective of science and engineering students at Chongqing universities towards English-medium instruction (EMI) delivered by foreign instructors. The participants were 156 undergraduate students who studied at a Sino-Foreign Cooperative Education Programme in Chongqing University of Technology (CQUT). In this study, data was collected through interviews and questionnaires. The research indicates that most students have a high regard for English-medium instruction and have found that taking Science and Engineering classes instructed by foreign teachers in English has been beneficial in terms of enhancing their English language skills and developing their understanding of the subject. Nevertheless, some students with limited English proficiency encountered difficulties understanding specialized knowledge. They found that full English instruction from foreign teachers did not improve their English language skills. Therefore, this study suggested that China’s Sino-foreign Cooperation Programmes should consider the divergences in students’ English proficiency and vocational objectives and offer differentiated instruction, mentoring, and professional English language training.

Growth characteristics and influence analysis of insulator strings in natural icing

Icing flashover of insulator strings has always been a serious factor threatening the safety and stability of the power grid. Researchers have simulated icing based on an artificial climate chamber, but it cannot fully simulate the growth process of insulator strings during the icing period in the natural environment. The icing growth characteristics of insulator strings in the natural environment are not clear. In this paper, three kinds of porcelain insulators were tested in the Xuefeng Mountain natural icing test base of Chongqing University. The results show that the freezing rain, alternating icing of freezing rain and freezing fog can cause the insulator stings to form glaze and mixed rime, and the icing degree on the windward side is more serious than leeward side. The higher the test environment's precipitation, humidity and wind speed, the faster the insulator strings’ icing speed. And there are also some influences of the ambient temperature on the icing morphology in this test. The icing thickness on the windward side of the insulator shed will gradually increase. The number of icicles of insulators is positively correlated with the diameter of insulator sheds. The icing mass of insulator strings is seriously affected by their shed structure.

Development and validation of a nomogram model for predicting the risk of venous thromboembolism in lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy: a prospective cohort study conducted in China

Background The mechanism of Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is complicated and difficult to prevent due to factors such as bone marrow invasion, therapy, and immune-mediated effects. This study aims to establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of thrombosis in lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy, which has been increasing over the past 30 years. Methods The data of lymphoma patients from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University in China between 2018 and 2020 were analyzed. This included age, sex, body mass index, ECOG score, histological type, Ann Arbour Stage, white blood cells count, haemoglobin level, platelet count, D-dimer level, and chemotherapy cycle. Univariate and multivariate cox analysis was used to determine the risk factors for VTE. Characteristic variables were selected to construct a nomogram model which was then evaluated using ROC curve and calibration. Results Age, sex, PLT, D-dimer and chemotherapy cycle were considered as independent influencing factors of VTE. The mean (standard deviation) of the C index, AUC and Royston D statistics of 1000 cross-validations of the Nomogram model were 0.78 (0.01), 0.81 (0.01) and 1.61(0.07), respectively. It indicates a good calibration degree and applicability value as shown by the calibration curve. The DCA curve showed a rough threshold range of 0.05–0.60 with a good model. Conclusions We have established and validated a nomogram model for predicting the risk of thrombosis in lymphoma patients. This model can assess the risk of thrombosis in each individual patient, enabling the identification of high-risk groups and targeted preventive treatment.

The Impact of Immune Function on Hematopoietic Reconstitution and Infection in Patients with Lymphoma after Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Objective To investigate the impact of immune function on hematopoietic reconstitution and infection in lymphoma patients after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Methods: A total of 20 patients with lymphoma who underwent auto-HSCT in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether the number of CD4+T cells was greater than or equal to 200 cells /ul, the patients were divided into normal immune function group and immunocompromised group. The hematopoietic reconstitution of the two groups was observed, including the time of neutrophil engraftment and platelet engraftment, as well as the occurrence of infection, including the pathogen could not be identified in some patients with neutropenia, it was necessary to judge according to physical examination, laboratory and imaging examination or empirical antimicrobial treatment was effective. Results 1. Immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients included 10 patients, respectively. The durations of neutrophil engraftment were 9.5 (7-12) days and 12 (8-15) days (P = 0.007), and the durations of grade 3 neutropenia were 1.5 (0-4) days and 3 (1-7) days (P = 0.030), respectively. The duration of grade 4 neutropenia was 9 (5-16) days and 11 (6-20) days, respectively (P = 0.010). There was no significant difference in platelet engraftment time and incidence of grade IV anemia between the two groups (P >0.05). 2. The incidence of febrile neutropenia in immunocompetent group and immunocompromised group was 60% and 80%, respectively, and the median duration of febrile neutropenia was 3.5 (1-10) days and 5 (1-20) days, respectively (P = 0.005). 3. The incidence of infection in immunocompetent group and immunocompromised group was 20% and 30%, and the incidence of bloodstream infection was 20% and 30%. 4. The length of hospital stay in immunocompetent group and immunocompromised group was 31.5 (23-43) days and 37 (25-75) days, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion The immune function of lymphoma patients before transplantation has a certain impact on hematopoietic reconstitution and infection. Normal immune function is superior to immunocompromised in terms of neutrophil engraftment, shortening the duration of febrile neutropenia, and the incidence of infection after transplantation.

HIV-Related Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Influences on T Cell Exhaustion

BACKGROUD HIV infection leads to T cell dysfunction, which triggers increased incidence of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). It has been shown that PD-1 inhibitors can better restore T cell function and effectively treat HIV-related lymphoma. However, the specific mechanism on the treatment of HIV-related DLBCL patients with PD-1 inhibitors is ambiguous, and related studies on the expression of PD-1 on T cells have not been reported. This study aimed to explore the regulatory role of altered immune function status in the microenvironment of HIV-related DLBCL and to analyze hyper-exhausted T cell subsets. METHODS Three patients with DLBCL, two patients with HIV and 11 patients with HIV-related DLBCL who were treated from September 2021 to December 2022 at the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital of were included. Single cell sequencing was used to analyze immune cell and tumor cell related genes in patients'lymph node tissues. InferCNV was used to distinguish normal and malignant B lymphocytes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to find the expression of exhaustion genes and related signaling pathways in immune cells. And relevant exhausted immune cells were analyzed and validated by flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared to the HIV and DLBCL groups, the HIV-related DLBCL group had a higher level of expression of the gene PDCD1, a higher level of expression of CD23(FCER2) in normal B lymphocytes, and a greater difference in malignant B lymphocytes, with a lower percentage of TCF1-positive exhausted T cells and a higher level of CXCL13-positive exhausted T cells (Fig.1-3). Compared with the HIV group, the percentage of follicular helper T cells (T fh) was lower in the HIV-related DLBCL group. The results of the Pseudotime analysis showed two main developing directions of TCF1-positive exhausted T cells (Fig.4). The state2 was primarily the direction of TCF1-positive exhausted T cell development in the HIV group and the HIV-related DLBCL group, and the state3 was primarily the direction of TCF1-positive exhausted T cell development in the DLBCL group and the HIV-related DLBCL group. CONCLUSION Patients with HIV-related DLBCL are more at risk of T cell exhaustion. In this study, we found that HIV-related DLBCL induced T cell exhaustion has different states and shows two differentiation directions, and state2 may correlate with HIV-induced T cell exhaustion. T cell exhaustion states may be used for disease status and clinical efficacy assessment of HIV-related DLBCL.

High Frequency Mutant Genes and Prognosis Value of HIV-Related Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype in AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) in HIV-infected patients, and the probability of DLBCL in HIV-infected patients is up to 17 times higher than that of the healthy population. However, the genetic mutation profile of HIV-associated DLBCL is still controversial, and the gene regulatory mechanism of HIV infection leading to the high incidence of DLBCL is still unclear. Methods: A total of 12 HIV-positiveDLBCL and 39 HIV-negativeDLBCL patients who treated in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from March 2022 to October 2022 were enrolled. Tumor tissue samples were selected to detect by second-generation sequencing technology, and gene heat mapping was used to analyze the high-frequency mutant genes in HIV-positive lymphoma patients, comparing the differences mutant genes between HIV-positive and HIV-negative DLBCL patients. The specific mutant genes in HIV-positive DLBCL were screened, and Kaplan-Meier estimate the impact of specific gene changes on disease prognosis in analyze DLBCL lymphoma. Results Compared with HIV-negative DLBCL patients, 12 patients with HIV-positive DLBCL were mostly male (91.7%), and the disease subtype was mostly germinal center B-cell like(GCB) subtype (75%). HIV-positive DLBCL patients were associated with EBV infection, elevated LDH, increased proportion of CD4 + cells < 200 (cell/ul), and more aggressive. The gene heat mapping results showed that TP53, TBL1XR1 and KMT2D had higher mutations in HIV-positive DLBCL and HIV-negative DLBCL patients. Compared with HIV-positive DLBCL, HIV-negative DLBCL patients were more likely to have gene mutations such as IGLL5, KMT2C, CD79B, BTG1, HIST1H1E, TNFRSF14, B2M. Compared with HIV-negative DLBCL patients, HIV-positive DLBCL patients detected more complex gene mutation sites, and were more common to have gene mutations including TP53, LRP1B, MYC, NOTCH2, SPEN, EP300, SOCS1, TYK2, ARID1A, GNA13, MAP2K1. Among those gene mutations, LRP1B, MYC, TYK2 have a higher probability in HIV-positive DLBCL patients (P<0.05). Compared with HIV-negative DLBCL patients, HIV-positive DLBCL patients have a worse prognosis by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and patients with LRP1B, MYC, TYK2 mutations had a longer time to achieve complete remission. Conclusion HIV-positive DLBCL patients are more prone to gene mutations, and the mutant genes are more complex and diverse. LRP1B, MYC and TYK2 gene mutations may play an important role in the occurrence and development of HIV-positive DLBCL and affect the prognosis of patients. Keyword HIV; lymphoma; genetic mutation; prognosis

Predictive Modeling of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization and Collection Based on Peripheral Blood Marker

Background: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the major transplantation therapy for patients with lymphoma and MM, and the success of auto-HSCT depends on the mobilization efficiency of peripheral blood HSC. In clinical practice, CD34 + cell count in peripheral blood is often monitored to predict the collection effect and determine the collection time. However, prediction of poor mobilizers is still difficult . Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 108 patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma(MM) at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) collection between January 2021 to August 2022. There are two groups: collection success group and collection failure group. Compared the differences of clinical characteristics and impact of peripheral blood related detection indexes before autologous HSC collection. Logistic regression analysis was used to establish a prediction model for the successful collection by multi-marker and further evaluated multi-marker prediction models. Results : There was no significant difference in sex, disease type, disease stage, age, disease status before mobilization, mobilization drugs and chemotherapy courses between the successful collection group and the failed collection group ( P> 0.05). The proportion of patients with mobilization days less than 5 days was higher in the successful collection group ( P< 0.05). The platelet count (PLT), mononuclear cell count (MNC) and absolute CD34 + cell count in the successful collection group were significantly higher than those in the failure group. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of combining three indexes were 80.9%, 95.9% and 0.944, respectively. Applied the Logistic regression models to the absolute count of PLT, MNC and CD34 + cells to construct the multi-marker prediction algorithms. The 3-marker model of PLT+MNC+CD34 + cells had the lowest AIC, BIC and high AUC. A prediction model was established based on the absolute count of PLT, MNC and CD34 + cells. Conclusion :Patients with less than 5 days of mobilization have a higher success rate of collection. PLT, MNC and CD34 + cell counts before collection can reflect HSC mobilization in patients with lymphoma and MM, and the combination of the three can improve the accuracy of prediction of collection effect.The predictive model based on the absolute number of PLT, MNC and CD34 + cells have good predictive value. Our study suggests that multi-markers are important diagnostic tools for predicting successful collection.

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• Type of peer review: Single Anonymous• Conference submission management system: Morressier• Number of submissions received: 45• Number of submissions sent for review: 41• Number of submissions accepted: 40• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 88.9• Average number of reviews per paper: 1• Total number of reviewers involved: 8• Contact person for queries: Name: Hanqing Che Email: hanqing.che@cqu.edu.cn Affiliation: Chongqing University

Sleep disturbance and medical requests among university and college students in Chongqing, China: A cross-sectional study.

To investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbance, sleep patterns, sleep-related factors, and medical demands among university and college students in Chongqing, China. Demographic data and responses to the sleep problem questionnaire (SPQ) were collected from 1973 students from 11 universities and 10 colleges between November 2022 and January 2023. The prevalence of sleep disturbance in university and college students was different in different periods (58.17% during campus lockdown and 40.30% after the lifting of lockdown). The combined prevalence was 49.72%. The prevalence of the 6 types of sleep disturbance showed the same trend. The average sleep latency was 32.79 minutes and the average sleep duration was 7.53 hours. Male, university students, upper-class students, history of depression, academic stress, major life events, bad bedroom environment, and campus lockdown were factors related to sleep disturbance among respondents. Most of the respondents (52.09%) had no medical care requests, and the major reasons were a lack of access to medical care (75.15%), economic pressure (68.49%), concerns regarding curative effects (58.51%), and academic pressure (56.56%). The prevalence of sleep disturbance for university and college students was obviously improved after the lifting of campus lockdown, and the major factors related to sleep disturbance were study, life, mental health, and sleep environment. The students examined herein reported relatively low medical care requests when they experience sleep disturbance.

The relationship between self-control and mental health problems among Chinese university students.

Mental health issues are often associated with poor self-control. Therefore, effective interventions against mental health problems should include self-control training. However, it is unclear whether the effect of self-control varies across different types of mental health problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the convenience sampling method at five universities in Chongqing, China, where 1,409 students reported their demographic information, level of self-control, and symptoms of irritability, depression, and anxiety. Descriptive statistical methods and a network analysis approach were employed to explore the relationship between self-control and symptoms of irritability, depression, and anxiety among 1,409 students. The bridging links between self-control and the three mental health problems were analyzed. The findings revealed a negative correlation between self-control and symptoms of irritability, depression, and anxiety among university students. Impulse control was found to be the bridge between self-control and irritability or anxiety symptoms, while resistance to temptation was the bridge between self-control and depressive symptoms. These results demonstrate the different relationship between self-control with irritability, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. The findings of this study may shed light on future mental health interventions for university students during potential public health emergencies, such as prior knowledge of the main types of psychological problems among university students, which may allow for the development of precise self-control intervention strategies, such as targeting impulsivity or resistance to temptation.

Study on the Cultivation of International High-level Talents for Ph.D. Students of Non-English Majors in Chongqing University Based on the Interdiscursive Competence

Economic globalization imposes substantial demands on China’s talents, necessitating the possession of international awareness, communication skills, and competitiveness. Ph.D. students, as highly educated individuals, play a pivotal role in developing cross-cultural communication skills and gaining international awareness. Not only must they grasp basic English vocabulary and grammar, but they must also apply their knowledge in practice to enhance competitiveness in their respective fields. However, the current English courses offered at universities fall short of meeting their needs. To address this issue, this study examines the English for International Academic Communication course for non-English major Ph.D. students at C University. Employing questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and class observations, the research explores the teaching approach aimed at cultivating interdiscursive competence in high-level international talents. Additionally, it analyzes the effectiveness of interdiscursivity in English learning and investigates the enhancement of students’ interdiscursive competence. Ultimately, the study provides valuable suggestions for educational activities, better catering to the needs of Ph.D. students and preparing them to thrive in a globally interconnected world.

Research on the Family Income Gap in China

This paper will start with an investigation of the current consumption situation (consumption structure) and the consumption concept of college students at Chongqing University, and investigate the family income, the monthly living expenses of students (whether there is a work study program) and the current loan situation of college students. Based on this problem, this study plans to use the questionnaire and literature survey methods to investigate the income gap of the families behind the college students through the consumption survey. Through the investigation and sorting of consumption, we can see the family income reflected thereby, and compare the gap between the rich and the poor reflected from different angles. This paper further considers the current consumption situation of college students and what consequences the income gap has brought or will bring, as well as the reasons affecting the income gap. At this stage, particular attention should be paid to the issue of urban-rural income disparity and inequality. In the context of Chinas dual economy, household income inequality mainly comes from inequality between urban and rural areas. Effectively improving the income level of rural residents and narrowing the urban-rural gap are the main targets for achieving common prosperity. To achieve common prosperity, first, improve the income distribution system and the macro income distribution structure. Second, increase the income of low-income groups and accelerate the formation of an olive-shaped structure. Third, improve the social security system to alleviate the challenge of excessive income disparities among groups. Fourth, promote the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, and address income inequality. Fifth, increase public investment in human capital and enhance social mobility.

Preface

2023 the 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Industrial Applications (FMIA 2023) included original and peer-reviewed research papers and held on May 27-28, 2023 in Taiyuan, China. FMIA 2023 is co-organized by Northeast Petroleum University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Chongqing University, and sponsored by China Wanxiang Group Research Institute, Asian Union of Information Technology. It was attended by academicians, researchers, entrepreneurs, government agencies and policy-makers, postgraduates.FMIA is an annual international conference devoted to the discussion of recent developments and applications of parallel computing in the field of fluid mechanics, CFD, fluid power, fluid flow and related disciplines. The field of fluid mechanics is vast and covers numerous and diverse applications. The conference covered a wide range of topics, including basic formulations and their computer modelling as well as the relationship between experimental and analytical results. The meeting provided a forum for discussing new work on fluid mechanics and in particular for promoting the interchange of novel ideas and the presentations of the latest developments in this field. This conference would also provide an ideal environment to develop new collaborations and meet experts on the fundamentals, applications, and products of the mentioned fields.This two-day conference was organized in technical association with the Asian Union of Information Technology and included invited keynote talks and oral paper presentations from both academia and industry. The topics covered in this FMIA 2022 are: 1. Aerodynamics; 2. Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer; 3. Fluid Theory and Related Algorithms. Each keynote speakers lasted for 30 minutes, including 5 minutes for Q&A. and for other sessions, there was 20 minutes for each presentation, including 5 minutes for Q&A. The book is useful to professionals and scientists involved or interested in fluid mechanics and industrial applications. Hopefully, all participants and other interested readers would benefit scientifically from the proceedings and also find it stimulating in the process.We would like to thank all the author submitted papers to this FMIA 2023 and thank all the reviewers for their time and effort in reviewing articles. Especially we would like to thank the organizing committee for their valuable advices in the organization and helpful peer review of the papers.Conference Organizing Committee,Wuhan, ChinaList of Committees are available in this pdf.

Analysis of 21 Patients With Alcoholic Marchiafava-Bignami Disease in Chongqing, China.

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of patients with alcoholic Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD), a rare neurological disorder commonly associated with chronic alcoholism, in Chongqing, China. We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 21 alcoholic MBD patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing University between 2012 and 2022. The study included 21 patients with alcoholic MBD who had a mean age of 59 ± 9.86 years and an average drinking history of 35.48 ± 8.65 years. Acute onset was observed in 14 (66.7%) patients. The primary clinical signs observed were psychiatric disorders (66.7%), altered consciousness (61.9%), cognitive disorders (61.9%), and seizures (42.9%). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed long T1 and long T2 signal changes in the corpus callosum, with lesions predominantly found in the genu (76.2%) and splenium (71.4%) of the corpus callosum. The poor prognosis group demonstrated an increased incidence of altered consciousness (100% vs 50%, P = 0.044), pyramidal signs (80% vs 18.8%, P = 0.011), and pneumonia (100% vs 31.3%, P = 0.007). Patients with a longer drinking history (45.0 ± 10.0 years vs 32.69 ± 5.99 years, p = 0.008) and a lower thiamine dose (p = 0.035) had a poorer prognosis at 1 year. This study identified altered consciousness, pyramidal signs, and pneumonia as predictors of a poor prognosis in patients with alcoholic MBD. A longer duration of alcohol consumption and inadequate thiamine supplementation were associated with a poorer prognosis.

Effects of surgical treatment modalities on postoperative cognitive function and delirium in elderly patients with extremely unstable hip fractures.

As the perioperative risk of elderly patients with extremely unstable hip fractures (EUHFs) is relatively high and therapeutic effect is not satisfactory, new thera-peutic strategies need to be proposed urgently to improve the efficacy and clinical outcomes of such patients. To determine the influence of two surgical treatment modalities on postoperative cognitive function (CF) and delirium in elderly patients with EUHFs. A total of 60 elderly patients consecutively diagnosed with EUHF between September 2020 and January 2022 in the Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital were included. Of them, 30 patients received conventional treatment (control group; general consultation + fracture type-guided internal fixation), and the other 30 received novel treatment (research group; perioperative multidisciplinary treatment diagnosis and treatment + individualized surgical plan + risk prediction). Information on hip function [Harris hip score (HHS)], perioperative risk of orthopedic surgery [Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM)], CF [Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA)], postoperative delirium [mini-cognitive (Mini-Cog)], adverse events (AEs; internal fixation failure, infection, nonunion, malunion, and postoperative delirium), and clinical indicators [operation time (OT), postoperative hospital length of stay (HLOS), ambulation time, and intraoperative blood loss (IBL)] were collected from both groups for comparative analyses. The HHS scores were similar between both groups. The POSSUM score at 6 mo after surgery was significantly lower in the research group compared with the control group, and MoCA and Mini-Cog scores were statistically higher. In addition, the overall postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in the research than in the control group, including reduced OT, postoperative HLOS, ambulation time, and IBL. The new treatment modality has more clinical advantages over the conventional treatment, such as less IBL, faster functional recovery, more effectively optimized perioperative quality control, improved postoperative CF, mitigated postoperative delirium, and reduced operation-related AEs.

Changes in coagulation indices and D-dimer levels in hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis and their value in predicting disease severity.

Hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) is one of the common acute and severe cases of digestive system. Incidence of HTG-AP is increasing year by year, and there is a trend of younger and severe cases. Early identification of severe patients and timely intervention are conducive to improve the prognosis. Dysfunction of coagulation and fibrinolysis systems plays an important role in the development of HTG-AP. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) are sensitive indicators of exogenous and endogenous coagulation system, respectively. Fibrinogen (FIB) is an acute reactive protein with coagulation function. D-dimer is a sensitive index to judge the abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis system. This study aims to investigate the changes of coagulation parameters and D-dimer level in patients with HTG-AP and their value in predicting the severity of the disease. The clinical data of 189 HTG-AP patients admitted to Jiangjin Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University (Jiangjin District Central Hospital of Chongqing) from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected, including gender, age, medical history, complications, causes, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scores. According to the severity of the disease, the patients were divided into a mild HTG-AP group and a severe HTG-AP group. The changes of coagulation indexes (PT, APTT and FIB), D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were detected. Coagulation indexes, D-dimer level and disease severity (CRP level, APACHE II scores) were compared between the 2 groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the above indexes. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent risk factors for severe HTG-AP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to analyze the predictive value of PT, FIB, and D-dimer for the severity of HTG-AP. There were significant differences in gender between the mild HTG-AP group and the severe HTG-AP group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in age, recurrence rate and incidence of complications between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). The basic conditions of the 2 groups were similar and comparable. PT, FIB and D-dimer levels in the severe HTG-AP group were significantly higher than those in the mild HTG-AP group (all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in APTT between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The CRP level and APACHE II scores in the severe HTG-AP group were significantly higher than those in the mild HTG-AP group (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that PT, FIB and D-dimer were positively correlated with CRP and APACHE II scores (all P<0.05), while APTT was not correlated with CRP and APACHE II scores (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that prolonged PT and elevated D-dimer level were independent risk factors for severe HTG-AP (both P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of PT for predicting severe HTG-AP was 0.764 (95% CI 0.690 to 0.837, P<0.001), when PT>14.40 s, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 63.07%, 79.03%, 59.42%, and 80.00%, respectively. TheAUC of FIB for predicting severe HTG-AP was 0.669 (95% CI 0.588 to 0.751, P<0.001), when FIB>4.18 g/L, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 61.53%, 70.17%, 49.38%, and 76.85%, respectively. The AUC of D-dimer for predicting severe HTG-AP was 0.753 (95% CI 0.680 to 0.826, P<0.001), when D-dimer>1.28 μg/mL, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 73.84%, 66.12%, 53.33%, and 82.82%, respectively. The AUC of PT combined with D-dimer for predicting severe HTG-AP was 0.797. There are abnormalities in coagulation and fibrinolytic system in patients with HTG-AP in the early stage. PT, FIB and D-dimer levels are increased with the aggravation of the AP, and have a positively correlation with it. Elevated PT and D-dimer level are independent risk factors for severe HTG-AP. PT combined with D-dimer may be a sensitive indicator for prediction of the severity of HTG-AP in early phase.

Research on the evolution law of hot spots in the field of coal seam hydraulic fracturing based on bibliometric analysis: review from a new scientific perspective.

As an unconventional natural gas, the calorific value of coal seam gas (CSG) is equivalent to that of natural gas. It is a high-quality, clean, and efficient green low-carbon energy source. Coal seam hydraulic fracturing is an important permeability enhancement measure in the process of CSG drainage. In order to further understand the overall research progress in the field of coal seam hydraulic fracturing, the Web of Science (WOS) database is used as a sample source, and the bibliometric analysis of the literature is carried out by CiteSpace software. The visual knowledge maps of the number of publications, the research countries, institutions, and keyword clustering are drawn. The research shows that it has gone through two stages of slow development and rapid growth in terms of time distribution. In terms of cooperation networks, the main active countries include China, the USA, Australia, Russia, and Canada, composed of China University of Mining and Technology, Chongqing University, Henan Polytechnic University, and China University of Petroleum as the core research institutions. Taking keywords as the theme, the coal seam hydraulic fracturing research field mainly involves high-frequency keywords such as hydraulic fracturing, permeability, model, and numerical simulation. The hotspot evolution law and frontier development trend of keywords with time are analyzed and obtained. On this basis, from a new perspective, the "scientific research landscape map" in the field of coal seam hydraulic fracturing is outlined, in order to provide a scientific reference for the research in this field.

Multi-stage fully convolutional network for precise prostate segmentation in ultrasound images

Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignant tumors and the sixth major cause of cancer-related death generally found in men globally. Automatic segmentation of prostate regions has a wide range of applications in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. It is challenging to extract powerful spatial features for precise prostate segmentation methods due to the wide variation in prostate size, shape, and histopathologic heterogeneity among patients. Most of the existing CNN-based architectures often produce unsatisfactory results and inaccurate boundaries in prostate segmentation, which are caused by inadequate discriminative feature maps and the limited amount of spatial information. To address these issues, we propose a novel deep learning technique called Multi-Stage FCN architecture for 2D prostate segmentation that captures more precise spatial information and accurate prostate boundaries. In addition, a new prostate ultrasound image dataset known as CCH-TRUSPS was collected from Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, including prostate ultrasound images of various prostate cancer architectures. We evaluate our method on the CCH-TRUSPS dataset and the publicly available Multi-site T2-weighted MRI dataset using five commonly used metrics for medical image analysis. When compared to other CNN-based methods on the CCH-TRUSPS test set, our Multi-Stage FCN achieves the highest and best binary accuracy of 99.15%, the DSC score of 94.90%, the IoU score of 89.80%, the precision of 94.67%, and the recall of 96.49%. The statistical and visual results demonstrate that our approach outperforms previous CNN-based techniques in all ramifications and can be used for the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.