Choice Of Development Strategy Research Articles

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PUPUK KOMPOS MEREK KETAPA DI DESA RANDOTONDA KABUPATEN ENDE

This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the KETAPA brand compost business, and formulate a development strategy. The research was conducted on farmer groups and livestock groups in Randotonda Village, Ende Regency. Labor involved in production and marketing activities 10 people. This research is a population research. The analysis used is the R/C ratio, B/C ratio, ROI and SWOT. The results of the analysis show that the KETAPA brand compost business is feasible; R/C ratio > 1, the value of B/C ratio, 0.25 means that each production cost is Rp. 100 profits earned Rp. 25. The value of ROI is 26%, the amount of return on investment (ROI) is in the pretty good category. Based on the SWOT analysis, the choice of development strategy is a progressive strategy or SO strategy. Activities include:; building promotion and marketing networks with farmer groups, GAPOKTAN and Field Extension Officers in all districts as well as conducting online marketing

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАКЛАДАМИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я

The features of strategic management of health care institutions are researched in the article. The strengthening of tendencies towards autonomy, the transition to a new model of financing, the emergence of private innovative medical institutions and the intensification of competition in the market of medical services necessitate the introduction of strategic management tools in the practice of health care institutions. In fact, the concept of strategic management allows you to combine the overall development strategy with organizational processes, to ensure long-term competitive survival. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of strategic management of health care institutions in modern realities, as well as to develop proposals for improving its technology. In the context of reforming domestic medicine, strategic management is an important prerequisite for the successful operation of health care institutions in the long term. The article presents the author’s interpretation of the category “strategic management of health care institution”. Analysis of literary sources showed that there is no single, generally accepted approach to determining the sequence of stages of the strategic management process. It significantly complicates the development of scientifically sound recommendations for the formation and realization of a sound strategy for the development of health care institution. The procedure of strategic management of health care institutions, which includes a number of stages are proposed. In particular: mission formation, substantiation of strategic goals, strategic diagnostics of internal and external environment, clarification of strategic goals, development of alternative development options, choice of development strategy, strategy implementation planning, strategy implementation, strategic implementation control and interpretation of data. It is proved that the introduction of tools and technologies of strategic management in the activities of health care institutions will contribute to their rapid adaptation to new socio-economic conditions of management, effective organization of business processes, achieving strategic goals.

АЛГОРИТМ РОЗРОБКИ ТА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations and existing approaches to the process of developing an enterprise development strategy. It is established that the procedure of development and implementation of development strategy is a debatable issue among scientists, who determine different methodological approaches to the main stages of strategy development and implementation, components of this process, the relationship and interdependence between them. Based on the research, we propose to identify three stages of the strategy development process, combining 8 phases. The first stage - preparatory or analytical, includes a step-by-step comprehensive strategic analysis of the external and internal environment. The second stage defines the process of strategy development, which includes 4 phases: formulation of the mission; substantiation of strategic goals and determination of strategic gap; development of alternative strategies taking into account the limitations and possible risks, identification of promising and priority areas of development; choice of development strategy. The third stage - the realization of the strategy combines the stages of implementation of the strategy, its evaluation, and adjustment in accordance with unforeseen changes in the external environment. The defined stages of strategy development characterize the current state of the object, the forecasted goals of its development, and actions to achieve them. An important stage in developing a strategy is analytical. It determines the internal state of the system and its necessary changes, in accordance with the projected changes in the external environment, to achieve certain strategic goals. In general, the strategic development of the enterprise is a continuous process of formation and implementation of management decisions aimed at ensuring the strategic dynamism and effective operation in conditions of increased complexity and unpredictability of the business environment.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОМУ УПРАВЛЕНИЮ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯМИ АГРОБИЗНЕСА

The article substantiates the need to form a business strategy of agribusiness entities, consid-ers the basics of practical implementation of the strategic management system, develops an algorithm for developing and implementing the development strategy of an agribusiness enterprise, including an analysis of the external and internal environment, SWOT-analysis of the activities of an agribusiness enterprise, mis-sion, purpose of development, study of the main areas of choice of development strategy, study of enterprise strategies and their choice, justification the need for implementation and the essence of organizational changes, as well as the practical implementation of the strategy. The state of the external environment of agricultural enterprises specializing in grain production has been analyzed, a SWOT-analysis of the activities of enterprises with grain specialization of the Territory has been presented, and the differentiation strategy has been substantiated. The presented results can serve as a basis for the development and implementation of strategies for the development of agricultural enterprises.

Access to livelihood resources and choices of development strategies:

This study engages with the debate in the literature on access to livelihood resources and livelihood diversification to show how differences in people’s access to resources result in differences in the choices of development strategies (DST) that people pursue for livelihoods’ enhancement. It uses a multinomial logit model to analyse how access to social and financial capitals affects people’s choices of DST in the rural river basin areas of Tanzania. Further to that, the study links the findings with policy initiatives related to the conservation of river basin resources (RBR). The study uses survey data which were supplemented by qualitative data gathered through focus group discussions. Findings show that both access to social and financial capitals affect the choice of secondary DST, though access to social capital seems to be more important in Kilombero, and access to financial capital more important in Meatu. In Kilombero, access to social capital is an important factor for people to diversify their activities away from traditional pastoralism, an activity that is not environmentally friendly. In Simiyu, access to financial capital raises the likelihood of people to participate in off-farm activities instead of other activities that make enormous use of RBR, for example, traditional pastoralism and irrigated farming.

Всероссийская научная конференция с международным участием «Исторические вызовы и экономическое развитие России» (Екатеринбург, 25–26 сентября 2019 г.)

The conference brought together over 100 Russian and international scholars. They discussed issues of fundamental importance for understanding Russia's economic development in the imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. These include features of Russian modernizations, the role of institutional, sociocultural and geopolitical factors in the choice of development strategies, the general and the special, continuity and gaps in the economic policy, the history of industry, the farming sector, transport, the financial system, regional development, living standards over time, etc. The discussion revealed fruitful complementary studies of economic processes at macro and micro levels, the need for a long-term perspective in understanding their vector in the context of the “biggest challenges”.

Analysis of Economic Growth and Structural Changes and the Implication for Choice of Development Strategy: A Case Study of Pasaman Regency

The average economic growth rate of Pasaman Regency before the administrative division (1993-2002) was 5.8%, then after the division increased slightly to an average of 5.9%. This figure is far lower than the rate of growth of the New Autonomous Region of West Pasaman Regency (6.4 %). After the division, agricultural and mining sectors became more dominant in the economy of Pasaman making up 54.6% but the contribution of the manufacturing sector declined sharply from 10.3% to 4.6% as most of the existing Pasaman processing industry became part of West Pasaman. The comparative advantages of Pasaman Regency are mainly in the sectors: agriculture, forestry and freshwater fisheries. The district’s economic growth is mainly influenced by factors originating from outside the region as indicated by the relatively high regional-share component of 159%. While regional division has benefited West Pasaman, it has provided no significant benefit for the parent region which can still be categorized as underdeveloped. An analysis of the Klassen Typology Matrix indicates that policies and programs that are relevant for the development of disadvantaged areas should be directed at providing employment through the use of labor-intensive technologies. This development should focus on agriculture, forestry and freshwater fisheries producing products with a significantly extensive market.

MODELING THE DISTRIBUTION AND USE OF PROFITS IN VARIOUS BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES

The model of distribution and use of profit has been offered. The model provides for the choice of development strategy based on the calculation of the integral indicator of economic potential in terms of financial, economic, market and labor potential of the organization. The criteria are indicative intervals of the integrated indicator of economic potential for each development strategy: anti-crisis, strategy of stable development and strategy of accelerated development. The options for determining the proportions of distribution of net profit in accordance with the adopted strategy and for controlling profit have been considered, providing information to the integrated accounting of the deviation of the actual level of net profit from indicative and allowing you to make corrective solutions: transition to other strategy development or adjustment of the flexible areas of use of profits. The modeling process has been reviewed on the example of a trade organization.

LIST AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MAIN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES

There is widespread the agreement among scientists that development is a multidimensional phenomenon, with economic, political, and social aspects, and that the different dimensions of development are interconnected with one another in complex ways. The fact that these different dimensions exert causal influences on one another would suggest that policymakers, dealing with issues of national development need to integrate economic, political, and social approaches, and to think strategically about how to achieve their goals. Strategic thinking implies prioritization and sequencing, seeking to do first that is necessary or helpful to achieve later goals. A strategy begins by defining a clear objective, and then assesses constraints that prevent the achievement of this objective. Strategic thinking looks at alternative pathways that get around those constraints; if this is not possible, it requires the redirection of energies to other goals that are more realistically achievable [1, 2]. In the current conditions, one of the decisive aspects of the functioning of economic systems (enterprises, industries, economics) is the choice of the areas of development, designed and substantiated at the strategic level within the framework of a certain management entity. The need for the most appropriate and optimal choice of development strategies is actualized through the continuous influence of the environment, which is undergoing more rapid changes in the 21 century, has rather complex manifestations, associated with new globalization, information and communication challenges. The scientific novelty of the proposed approach is that we take into account the best scientific interpretations regarding this issue, universalize the provisions of contemporary scientific thought in the definite aspect of the study, point out the innovative areas characteristic of the practice of the entities activity in the industry.

Justification of the economic feasibility of investing in an oil and gas company based on diversification of production and the choice of development strategy

Justification of the economic feasibility of investing in an oil and gas company based on diversification of production and the choice of development strategy

The formation of a new worldview – the basis for innovative development of cluster structures

The issues of innovative development of cluster structures. Great attention is paid to economic cycles and technological structures in the choice of development strategy, interaction between development strategies and technological structures. Stressed the need to accelerate the substitution of technological modes through the use of a convergent approach. It highlights the need to innovative development based on the transformation of the worldview of the personnel of the cluster, increasing their receptivity to innovation, which, ultimately, will contribute to the effectiveness of the results

Why small farms persist? The influence of farmers’ characteristics on farm growth and development. The case of smaller dairy farmers in NZ

Human capital is an important resource in primary production impacting on farmers’ decisions and actions. Given their current and expected economic environment, farmers must use their human capital in mapping out a trajectory for their farm. This study considers particular aspects of farmers’ human capital and its influence on farm growth, or lack of it. Farmers’ characteristics as expressed through their personality, intelligence and objectives are the main human capital aspects considered in a sample of smaller NZ dairy farms. They are somewhat typical of western farmers working on smaller farms. They can be broadly classed into Expanders, Maintainers and Retractors. It is hypothesised each group will have distinct and different personal characteristics and these influence the farmers’ choice of trajectory. This is in addition to purely economic factors. It is also hypothesised the characteristics influence the farmers’ choice of development strategy and how challenges to the strategy are viewed. The data collected from the small dairy farms support the hypotheses suggesting the design of policy and extension programs must allow for these human capital drivers. Using past data, it is also shown aspects of human capital are different in large farms emphasising the same conclusion.

Methods of configuring the decision-making system when choosing and supporting an entity development strategy

Victor V. Marshirov - Associate Professor, Department of Information Systems and Technologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics. Address: 25/12, Bolshaya Pecherskaya Street, Nizhniy Novgorod, 603155, Russian Federation.E-mail: vmarshirov@hse.ru Larisa E. Marshirova - Associate Professor, Department of Accounting, Analysis and Audit, National Research University Higher School of Economics. Address: 25/12, Bolshaya Pecherskaya Street, Nizhniy Novgorod, 603155, Russian Federation.E-mail: lmarshirova@hse.ru This article is devoted to the problems of formalization of decision-making in the choice of development strategy in an organization and the ways to implement this strategy. A prioritization method is proposed that allows converting qualitative indicators into qualitative variables by means of pairwise comparison of the objects. As opposed to a simple summation of estimates preferences, this computational algorithm allows one to take into account indirect benefits of all the objects under consideration. The approaches to the ranking of experts and challenges an organization faces at various stages of its developmentare set forth. The algorithm is validated on the example of a particular company. The estimates of the priorities of experts are provided; the tree of tasks for which the comprehensive priorities are designed (taking into account the importance and relevance of expert tasks for each expert) is constructed; the analysis of the results for different conditions of the external and internal environment of the organization is made. Recommendations are given on the choice of the deviation values ​​for matrix of pairwise comparisons of objects, as well as a reasonable number of iterations of the calculation of the integrated power of these objects. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the proposed algorithm and methodology for ranking of experts, tasks and subtasks may be used to prepare management accounting regulations to improve decision-making methods, taking into account the strategic and tactical objectives of the organization.

Формирование целевого капитала некоммерческими организациями

Russian education is undergoing serious changes, especially with respect to higher education. Today, both the state and science expect from universities a high level of service quality and independence in the choice of development strategy. In modern conditions, the university may not be effective, relying only on public funding. That is why for universities in Russia in the near future it is necessary to solve a question of finding additional funding sources, one of which is an increasingly popular mechanism of endowment funds. The relevance of the Endowment Funds for the higher education system is that they allow to accumulate financial resources and ensure the stable development of the universities in the long run. The article presents the results of investigation of the essence and methods of development of the financial mechanism of attraction and use of target capital. To achieve this goal, the following objectives form the structure of this article: a review of the history of the Endowment Funds; a market research of endowment funds in Russia; an analysis and evaluation of public awareness of Endowment Funds. Legislation in many countries stimulates the creation of the target capital, which is the source of income going to the financing of the non-profit sector as a non-profit organization forms an endowment, receives a stable and long-term source of funding for its activities. In addition, the target capital is a significantly more transparent model for donors, compared with the current or one-time funding to provide the ability to control of decision-making. The availability of endowment allows partial independence of non-profit organizations from one-time and sporadic donations, plan their activities in the long term. For non-profit organizations target capital means the ability to finance various projects and programs, professorships (for high schools), construction / renovation of buildings, staff development, etc. The availability of endowment informs that the organization is able to plan its activities for at least the next few years, which indicates a clear understanding by the employees of a nonprofit organization its mission and objectives.

Development, Trade, and Social Insurance1

Developing countries vary dramatically in the amount they spend on social insurance. We establish a theoretical framework linking autarkic post–World War II economic development strategies with the emergence of insurance-based social policies. We argue that a government's choice of development strategy is conditioned by the size of the domestic market, relative abundance of labor, and land inequality in the context of a closed international trading system. The development strategy in turn shapes the fiscal priority governments place on social insurance. Contrary to the compensation hypothesis prominent in studies of the rich democracies, protectionist countries emphasize social insurance. Empirical analysis finds support for our argument. The results suggest that economic policies in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s had important implications for the emergence and current contours of social policy in the developing world. These differences in priorities swamp recent within-country changes.

Delays in New Drug Applications in Japan and Industrial R&D Strategies

The gap between Japan and both the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) with regard to access to new drugs is becoming a major issue in Japan. We analyzed the time lags involved in new drug application (NDA) and biological license application submissions in Japan, the US, and the EU in order to identify the causes of delayed access. The time lag related to submission of applications ("submission lag") was longer for in-licensed products and for non-Japanese companies. Factors related to costs of clinical studies and potential volumes of sales were not associated with the submission lag. A bridging strategy (extrapolative use of foreign clinical data in the clinical data package based on International Conference on Harmonisation guideline E5) seemed to reduce submission lag, but the association between the two diminished when the cause-and-effect relationship was specifically investigated. These results suggest that multinational companies are likely to place more emphasis on the choice of development strategies that successfully lead to their goal rather than on direct costs and expected sales when deciding to introduce their pharmaceutical products in Japan. Our findings indicate that the clinical development guidances that helps pharmaceutical companies decide on investment and strategies are also the key to narrowing the gap in access to new drugs.

Economic thoughts from an East Asian perspective: a conceptual framework of viability and development strategy

This paper attempts an analytical framework centred on the relationship between the concept of viability and choice of development strategy. On the basis of a critical review on the mainstream literature in economic development, it presents the conceptual framework with an emphasis on elaborating the dichotomy of ‘comparative advantage defying (CAD) strategy’ versus ‘comparative advantage following (CAF) strategy’. Empirical experiences of economic development in China and other East Asian economies in the contemporary era are discussed in the context of the conceptual framework.

DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

The author analizes conditions in Serbian agriculture, especialy the aspect of choice of actual model of development of agricultural sector. In this study dominates issues on the type of organization in agriculture and measure that guarantee materialization of selectied aims of development. Special place in orientation for the selection of strategy of development in agriculture have the measures in agricultural policy, problems in Serbian agriculture and strategic options necessary for determination in global agricultural strategy. At the end, the choice of development strategy that prefers export of agricultural products is optimal solution for our country, but it`s necessary that state change relation to this sector of doing business.

Attitudes towards on-land and offshore wind power development in Denmark; choice of development strategy

Wind power generation is expected to increase significantly in the near future. Owing to the increasingly limited possibilities for using on-land turbines, offshore wind generation is a potential alternative. However, wind turbines located offshore are still associated with visual disamenities potentially making offshore location a less attractive alternative to on-land wind power generation. The present paper analyses attitudes towards both on-land and offshore wind power development using a probit model. It also discusses the elicited determinants of attitude in relation to developing wind power on-land or offshore. Compared to other papers on attitude, the paper is unique in the sense that the Danish population has considerable experience with the different impacts associated with wind turbines compared to most of the other countries investing in wind power generation. This is particularly evident with regards to offshore development. The paper establishes that whilst offshore wind farms are preferred to on-land development, the results also imply that on-land development is still a feasible alternative. In that relation, differences in wind power generation costs and the substitution of smaller on-land turbines with fewer but larger turbines might make on-land development even more attractive. On a more detailed level, younger respondents are more positive towards wind power than older respondents. Interestingly, respondents living close to either on-land or offshore wind turbines did not display a more negative attitude towards wind power generation when compared to respondents who were not living close to wind turbines.

NATURAL RESOURCE ENDOWMENT, THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

This paper speculates that a linear causal chain runs from the natural resource endowment to the landholding system, the type of political state, the choice of development strategy and economic performance. It suggests that resource-deficient countries tend to have peasant-dominated landholding systems which foster autonomous political states and growth-promoting economic linkages. Such countries out-perform resource-rich ones which have more varied landholding patterns which emphasise conflicts over rents and foster factional political states and weaker economic linkages. The preoccupation with rents in resource-rich countries impedes beneficial land reform and creates inefficient industry in a counter-productive effort to create non-farm jobs. Resource-deficient countries cannot afford such inefficient transfers and pursue a development strategy which uses scarce resources more effectively. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.