Biopolymer Chitosan Research Articles

Enhanced Recovery of Food-Grade Euglena gracilis Biomass Through Synergistic pH-Modified Chitosan Flocculation and Green Light Stimulation

The efficient and cost-effective harvesting of food-grade Euglena gracilis remains a critical challenge in microalgal food production. This study presents an innovative, food-safe approach integrating pH preconditioning, chitosan biopolymer flocculation, and green light irradiation to leverage E. gracilis’ natural phototactic behavior. Response surface methodology optimized the parameters (pH 6.49, 46.10 mg·L−1 chitosan, and 60 min green light), achieving 93.07% biomass recovery, closely matching the predicted 92.21%. The synergistic effects of pH-modified chitosan flocculation and phototaxis significantly enhanced the harvesting efficiency compared to conventional methods. Notably, harvested cells maintained substantial photosynthetic capability, as evidenced by chlorophyll fluorescence analysis, ensuring the preservation of nutritional quality. Economic analysis revealed exceptional harvesting cost-effectiveness at 2.35 USD per kg of dry weight biomass harvested. The method’s use of food-grade chitosan and non-invasive light stimulation ensures product safety while minimizing the environmental impact. This sustainable and economical approach offers a promising solution for industrial-scale production of food-grade E. gracilis while demonstrating potential applicability to other phototactic microalgae species.

Optical band gap modulation in functionalized chitosan biopolymer hybrids using absorption and derivative spectrum fitting methods: A spectroscopic analysis

In this study, biopolymer composites based on chitosan (CS) with enhanced optical properties were functionalized using Manganese metal complexes and black tea solution dyes. The results indicate that CS with Mn2+-complexes can produce polymer hybrids with high absorption, high refractive index and controlled optical band gaps, with a significant reduction from 6.24 eV to 1.21 eV. The refractive index and optical dielectric constant measurements show that the doped CS films have more charge carriers and traps than those in pure CS films. The Lorentz-Drude model was used to derive several significant optical parameters, and the W-D model was utilized to calculate the optical moments M-1 changing from 0.35 to 2.13 and M-3 changing from 0.005 to 0.4. It was shown that the doped samples have larger Urbach energy than pure film, increased from 0.29 to 0.55 eV. Tauc and ASF model was also used to calculate the electronic transitions, band structure, and optical characteristics. Bandgap energy based on Tauc model at m = 2, 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3 are 1.77, 1.54, 1.47, and 1.37 eV, based on ASF model are 1.52, 1.42, 1.69, and 1.47 eV, respectively. As a result of changes in the optical diffraction parameters the optical mobility () changed from 1.67 to 1.27 and optical resistivity from 9.36 × 10–27 to 4.0 × 10–29. The dopped samples show an increase in their linear optical susceptibility, third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility and nonlinear refractive indices, changing from 3.165 × 10–15 to 2.831 × 10–12 esu. Finally, light propagation velocities, surface resistance, and thermal emissivity were also examined.

Loading coal-base mesoporous activated carbon into polymeric matrix of chitosan biopolymer for toxic cationic dye removal: optimization and mechanistic approach

Loading coal-base mesoporous activated carbon into polymeric matrix of chitosan biopolymer for toxic cationic dye removal: optimization and mechanistic approach

Green approach to synthesis polymer composites based on chitosan with desired linear and non-linear optical characteristics

The current study used sustainable and green approaches to convey polymer composites with desired optical properties. The extracted green tea dye (GTD) enriched with ligands was used to synthesize zinc metal complexes. Green chitosan biopolymer incorporated with green synthesized metal complex using casting technique was used to deliver polymer composites with improved optical properties. The FTIR-ATR was used to identify the functional groups of the GTD, pure CS, and functional groups surrounding the synthesized zinc metal complex. Distinguished ATR bands were observed in green tea dye spectra, such as OH, C = O, and NH functional groups ascribed to various polyphenols. The ATR bands of the zinc metal complex compared to GDT established that GDT is crucial to capturing zinc cations and producing the Zn2+-metal complex. The broadness of the bands observed in CS-based composites inserted with the Zn2+- metal complex confirms strong interaction among the components of polymer composites. The XRD achievements confirm that CS films with different Zn2+- metal complex concentrations transferred to an amorphous composite. The XRD pattern of composite films establishes that the zinc metal complex scarified the crystalline phases of chitosan. Linear optical properties such as absorption, refractive index (n), and optical dielectric parameters were improved. The absorption edge of the composite’s films shifted to lower photon energies. Various models were used to determine the optical band gap. The band gap drops from when chitosan is loaded with a 36% Zn2+-metal complex. The Spitzer-Fan method is used to get the dielectric constant, and the Drude Lorentz oscillator model was used to calculate vital optical parameters, including N/m*, τ, and µopt. The W-D single oscillator model was used to determine the Eo and Ed parameters. The values of optical moments (M−1 and M−3) were calculated with the help of the W-D model. The oscillator’s strength () and wavelength () were determined via the Sellmeier model using the linear refractive index. The first-order nonlinear ( ), second-order non-linear () and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility () were determined for all the films.

Dual‐Gate Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Laser‐Scribed Graphene for Detecting Dopamine and Glutamate

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are gaining significant attention due to their high sensitivity, customizability, ease of integration, and low‐cost manufacturing. In this paper, we design and develop a flexible dual‐gate OECT based on laser‐scribed graphene (LSG) with modified OECT gates for the detection of dopamine and glutamate, two critical neurotransmitters (NTs). The developed OECTs are fully carbon‐based and environmentally friendly. By modifying the gates of OECTs with biopolymer chitosan and L‐Glutamate oxidase enzyme, highly selective and sensitive measurements are successfully achieved with detection limits of 5 nm for dopamine and 1 µm for glutamate, respectively. The modified dual‐gate shows no interference between the detections of two neurotransmitters, making it a promising tool for customized multi‐neurotransmitter analysis. The results demonstrate the potential of LSG‐based OECTs in customizable biosensing applications, offering a flexible, cost‐effective platform for biomedical disorder diagnostics.

Studying the effect of concentration on spectral and optical properties of chitosan polymer

Due to its noteworthy physico-chemical behaviors, the chitosan (CS) biopolymer presents a compelling alter-native to conventional biomaterials. By measuring the emission spectra at a spectrofluorophotometer in differ-ent concentrates (1x10-4, 1x10-5, and 1x10-6) M, the spectral characteristics of the CS polymer were obtained. The crystallinity of the CS polymer was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, which shows only one dominant peak indexed to the orthorhombic structure. With a drop in solution concentration, there was a shift toward the shorter wavelength and a decline in quantum yield. Using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the optical properties of the CS polymer, including its refractive index, absorption coefficient, energy band gap, extinction coefficient, and dielectric constant, have been studied. It was observed through the results that the optical parameters are linearly dependent with concentration. In contrast to the optical energy gap, which de-creases with increasing concentration.

Nanostructured WS2@Chitosan-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes for Efficient Amperometric Detection of Histamine.

Histamine, a pivotal chemical within certain cells of the human body, is responsible for eliciting various allergic symptoms, such as sneezing and a runny nose. In cases of allergies, where the immune system misidentifies typically harmless substances, such as certain foods or dust, as harmful, an efficient histamine sensor becomes imperative. This research introduces a novel sensing platform by employing a material comprising hydrothermally synthesized WS2 nanosheets and using this with a chitosan (CS) biopolymer on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE). Integrating WS2 and CS components on the SPE via drop-casting synergistically enhances conductivity and various sensor properties. This novel hybrid material combines organic CS and inorganic WS2 components applied for nonenzymatic histamine detection via differential pulse voltammetry. This study also included crystallite size determination and surface morphology assessment through characterization of the synthesized WS2 nanosheets. On the surface of the SPE, WS2 and CS were drop-casted. It is recommended that histamine be electrochemically measured on modified WS2/CS/SPE electrodes. Histamine measurements were conducted within a linear coverage of 1-100 μM, with a limit of detection of 0.0844 μM and sensitivity of 1.44 × 10-4 mA/μM cm2. The developed sensor exhibited notable levels of sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and repeatability, along with an extended linear range. The sensing technique was consequently employed to detect the histamine levels in packed food items like fermented food samples (cheese, tomato sauce, tomato ketchup, and soy sauce) at room temperature (25 °C). The findings recommend the utilization of electrochemical sensing on modified WS2/CS/SPE electrodes for accurate histamine detection.

Optimizing Soil Stabilization with Chitosan: Investigating Acid Concentration, Temperature, and Long-Term Strength.

Civil and geotechnical researchers are searching for economical alternatives to replace traditional soil stabilizers such as cement, which have negative impacts on the environment. Chitosan biopolymer has shown its capacity to efficiently minimize soil erosion, reduce hydraulic conductivity, and adsorb heavy metals in soil that is contaminated. This research used unconfined compression strength (UCS) to investigate the impact of chitosan content, long-term strength assessment, acid concentration, and temperature on the improvement of soil strength. Static triaxial testing was employed to evaluate the shear strength of the treated soil. Overall, the goal was to identify the optimum values for the mentioned variables so that the highest potential for chitosan-treated soil can be obtained and applied in future research as well as large-scale applications in geotechnical engineering. The UCS results show that chitosan increased soil strength over time and at high temperatures. Depending on the soil type, a curing temperature between 45 to 65 °C can be considered optimal. Chitosan biopolymer is not soluble in water, and an acid solution is needed to dissolve the biopolymer. Different ranges of acid solution were investigated to find the appropriate amount. The strength of the treated soil increased when the acid concentration reached its optimal level, which is 0.5-1%. A detailed chemical model was developed to express how acid concentration and temperature affect the properties of the biopolymer-treated soil. The SEM examination findings demonstrate that chitosan efficiently covered the soil particles and filled the void spaces. The soil was strengthened by the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with the soil particles.

Insights into the biogenic production of nanocomposites of NiO-chitosan for wastewater remediation.

In our study, we have tried to enhance the biological qualities of nickel oxide nanoparticles and nanocomposites which were prepared using the extract of Aegle marmelos tree leaves and chitosan biopolymer. For in-depth study of the fabricated samples, numerous physiochemical approaches were utilized. The analysis used consists of field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The crystallite size was measured to be about 9.36 nm and 39.5 nm for Ni-nanoparticles and Ni-nanocomposite respectively. Both, the Ni-nanoparticles and Ni-nanocomposites demonstrated effective antifungal properties toward the fungus strain of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The samples showed the strongest antifungal efficacy against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at doses of 100 and 150 mg. The prepared samples also showed good photocatalytic degradation efficiencies for the commercial Rhodamine B dye. The synergistic features that have been found indicate that these bio-functionalized NiO-chitosan NCs may be suitable for the treatment of industrial wastewater and biomedical applications.

ADSORPTION AND REMOVAL BEHAVIOUR OF CHITOSAN COATED CARBON BIOSORBENT TOWARDS POTENTIAL ABATEMENT OF CADMIUM HEAVY METAL FROM WASTEWATER

In this study, chitosan biopolymer was coated on carbon in up to five coatings. 5th coated carbon was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and XRD studies. FTIR study shows that the broadband at 3456.25 cm-1 was accredited to N-H stretching of intermolecular hydrogen bond, O-H starching of alcoholic groups, and the stronger polymeric association of chitosan with activated carbon (Effective coating). TGA shows an increase in the thermal stability of the chitosan by coating it with carbon. DSC shows single glass transition temperature (Tg) due to attractive molecular interaction, showing both materials' polymer miscibility and compatibility. XRD shows the sample is amorphous, and the crystallinity percentage is 18.7%. After characterization, it was used for the adsorption study of Cd2+ from water by changing the parameters such as contact time, dosage of adsorbent, and pH. The optimum contact time was 300 min with 71.5% removal of Cd2+, the adsorbent dose was 5g with 72.5% removal, and pH was 5.5 with 77% removal. Langmuir and Freundlich's adsorption isotherm analyzed sorption data. Sorption data is better fitted to Freundlich's isotherm than the Langmuir isotherm. Sorption data were used for the kinetics study, which followed Pseudo secondorder kinetics.

A supramolecular magnetic and multifunctional Titriplex V-grafted chitosan organocatalyst for the synthesis of acridine-1,8-diones and 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran derivatives.

In this research, a new supramolecular magnetic modified chitosan, namely, Fe3O4@CS-TDI-Titriplex V, was designed and prepared conveniently by grafting diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Titriplex V) onto a biopolymeric chitosan backbone having urethane, urea, ester and amide functional groups. The obtained magnetic biopolymeric nanomaterial was properly characterized by different spectroscopic, microscopic or analytical methods including FTIR spectroscopy, EDX spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM, TG-DTA and VSM. The application of the supramolecular Fe3O4@CS-TDI-Titriplex V nanocomposite as a heterogeneous solid acidic organocatalyst was investigated to promote the three-component synthesis of both acridinediones and 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran derivatives as important pharmaceutical scaffolds under green conditions. The obtained nanomaterial exhibited proper catalytic activity in the above mentioned transformations through multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategies. The reactions proceeded very well in the presence of the Fe3O4@CS-TDI-Titriplex V solid acid nanomaterial in EtOH to afford the corresponding acridinediones and 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran derivatives in high to excellent yields. The key advantages of the present protocol include the use of a renewable, biopolymeric and biodegradable solid acid as well as a simple procedure for the preparation of the hybrid material. Furthermore, the Fe3O4@CS-TDI-Titriplex V nanomaterial was used four times with a slight decrease in its catalytic activity.

One-pot fabrication of a stable POM/MIL-101(Fe) hybrid catalyst supported on a chitosan biopolymer matrix: A study on biodiesel production through RSM optimization, experimental studies, and mechanistic insight

One-pot fabrication of a stable POM/MIL-101(Fe) hybrid catalyst supported on a chitosan biopolymer matrix: A study on biodiesel production through RSM optimization, experimental studies, and mechanistic insight

Continuous packed bed column removal of Cr6+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions from synthetic wastewater using polymeric ultra‐permeable and biodegradable ferromagnetic nanocomposite membrane

AbstractWater purification techniques, including membrane technologies, ion exchange and adsorption, chemical/biochemical reduction, and electrochemical processes, have been developed to remove/recover metal ions species from polluted wastewater. This work assessed the efficiency of polymeric, biodegradable, ultra‐permeable and magnetic nanocomposite membrane (CNCs/N6@Fe3O4‐CT) in a continuous packed bed column for the removal of Cd(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) metal ions from synthetic wastewaters. The eco‐compatibility of CNCs/N6@Fe3O4‐CT was increased using chitosan biopolymer. Fe3O4 nanoparticles increased the surface area and improved the separation process. CNCs and N6 polymeric materials enhanced their strength, porosity, and additional binding sites. The CNCs/N6@Fe3O4‐CT nanocomposite membrane was employed as packing material in a fixed‐bed lab‐scale column (height 30 cm, diameter 1.5 cm) to constantly remove Cd(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) metal ions from synthetic wastewaters and actual hexavalent chromium tannery effluent. The studies were carried out with different initial metal ion concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mg/L), input flow rates (2, 4, and 6 mL/min), and solution pH values (2.0, 5.0, and 8.0). The obtained experimental data from the breakthrough curves was fitted to the traditional dynamic Thomas model, Yoon‐Nelson, and Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model.

Synthesis and characterization of biopolymer-based copper carbonate nanoparticles

The aim of this work was to select a biopolymer (chitosan, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hyaluronic acid) as stabilizing agent for copper carbonate nanoparticles (CC-NPs). It was found that the optimal precursor is Cu(CH3COO)2, and the optimal precipitator is (NH4)2CO3. According to XRD data, the optimal sample has the chemical formula Cu2(OH)2CO3. SEM showed that CC-NPs consist of spherical aggregates with diameter of 0.6–1.0 µm formed by particles of 30–80 nm. The optimization of the synthesis revealed that molar ratio Cu(CH3COO)2: (NH4)2CO3 of 1:1 is optimal for the production of CC-NPs. SEM micrographs revealed formation of CC-NPs with size of 30–100 nm at stabilization with hyaluronic acid, 45–90 nm at methyl cellulose, 50–150 nm at hydroxyethyl cellulose and 30–85 nm at chitosan. Quantum chemical modeling and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the possibility of forming scaffold matrices of biopolymer-based CC-NPs. Among considered biopolymers, chitosan was set as the optimal stabilizing agent for CC-NPs. Which provided formation of the smallest particles with size of 30–85 nm. In future works, CC-NPs-chitosan complex can be studied as a scaffold for multifaceted applications in medicine, catalysis, coatings, pigments etc

A biomimetic injectable chitosan/alginate hydrogel biocopmosites encapsulating selenium- folic acid nanoparticles for regeneration of spinal cord injury: An in vitro study.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) poses significant challenges to regenerative medicine due to its limited self-repair capabilities. In this study, we engineered a biomimetic injectable hydrogel using modified chitosan and alginate biopolymers encapsulating selenium-folic acid nanoparticles (Se-FA NPs) to facilitate SCI regeneration. The hydrogel exhibited a unique porous structure attributed to the incorporation of nanofiber fragments, enhancing its biocompatibility and bioactivity. Through a series of in vitro evaluations, including cell viability assays, proliferation studies, gene expression analysis, we assessed the hydrogel's cytocompatibility and its potential for supporting neural cell growth. Our results demonstrate the promising efficacy of the hydrogel in providing a conducive microenvironment for neural tissue regeneration. Moreover, the sustained release of Se-FA NPs from the hydrogel system offers neuroprotective, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory benefits crucial for SCI therapy. Overall, our biomimetic hydrogel biocomposites hold great potential as a therapeutic strategy for promoting spinal cord regeneration, highlighting their significance in advancing the field of regenerative medicine.

Antimicrobial packaging film with finger wrinkles structures based on egg white and chitosan coating for fruit preservation.

Developing a high-barrier, green, and sustainable functional packaging film material to address food safety is urgently needed but remains a significant challenge. Natural biopolymers possess the potential to serve as contemporary eco-friendly food packaging materials due to their exceptional biocompatibility and biodegradability. Herein, we present a novel class of renewable and degradable films fashioned from Egg white protein (EWP) and chitosan (CS) biopolymers. And we detected their structural, physical, and functional properties to ensure a nanocomposite film with the optimal performances. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated a consistent enhancement in the crinkle level of the composite film as the mass ratio of CS increased. Furthermore, the tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of these films were enhanced to 402.6% and 107.9%, respectively. Nevertheless, the oxygen permeability (OP) and water vapor permeability (WVP) were notably reduced to 68.1% and 93.3%, respectively. Compared to EWP/CS/Cur0, the antibacterial rate of prepared EWP/CS/Cur(Xie et al., 2024 [3]) films were enhanced to 105.4% and 183.9% for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. During banana and green grape preservation, these functional films significantly retarded the decline in weight and firmness. Therefore, EWP/CS films augmented with bioactive materials could potentially serve as preservation packaging, exhibiting notable ecological advantages and recyclability potential, thus demonstrating considerable potential as a substitution for conventional plastic storage packages.

Marine-Derived Chitosan Biopolymers as Antibacterial Agents: A Review

The growing issue of bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics has led to an increasing need for alternative antimicrobial agents. Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from marine organisms such as crustaceans (shrimp, crabs) and mollusks (shellfish), has shown significant antibacterial properties. This systematic review aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of chitosan extracted from various marine sources against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. A comprehensive search of studies published in the past decade was conducted across multiple databases, using predefined inclusion criteria to identify relevant experimental research that focused on quantitative data, such as inhibition zones. The review analyzes key variables, including chitosan extraction methods, concentrations, and experimental conditions. The results revealed that chitosan exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli, while S. epidermidis showed moderate susceptibility. Variations in antibacterial effectiveness were attributed to differences in chitosan extraction methods and experimental conditions. Despite these variations, the overall evidence supports the potential of chitosan as an effective antimicrobial agent, demonstrating significant inhibition against a wide range of bacterial strains. The findings suggest that chitosan may serve as a promising natural alternative to combat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. However, further research is needed to standardize extraction techniques, explore the antibacterial mechanisms, and conduct in vivo studies to validate its clinical applications. These findings underscore chitosan's potential as a sustainable and effective solution in addressing the global challenge of bacterial resistance.

Advanced spectroscopic approach for exploring the structural, optical, and electronic properties in dye-functionalized chitosan biopolymers

This study employed advanced spectroscopic techniques to investigate the structural and optical properties of chitosan (CS) biopolymer films modified with natural dyes from Cosmos Sulphureus Cav. (CSC) flowers. FTIR results indicated that the inclusion of CSC dyes led to broader absorbance and decreased transmittance. Distinct absorption regions were identified, and the optical energy band gap (OEBG), transport gap, and exciton binding energy were calculated using Tauc’s method. The OEBG was found to be 5.44 eV for CS while for CS-CSC dye samples, it dropped to 2.24 eV and The Urbach energy increased from 0.44 eV to 0.60 eV, indicating the presence of high tail states in the band gap region. The electron–phonon interaction was found to increase from 11.35 to 15.58. The oscillator energy values (4.13 eV-2.33 eV) at low energies obtained using Wemple-DiDomenico model are found to be close to OEBGs using Tauc’s model. Additionally, from the Drude-Lorentz model the N/m* was found to increase from 1.69 × 1052 to 1.27 × 1054. The third order non-linear polarizability parameter, the linear optical susceptibility and the non-linear index of refractions were all found to increase upon increasing the CSC dye concentrations.

Aligned Nano-Porous Electrospun Composite Electrolyte Based on Cellulose Acetate Casted with Chitosan for Flexible and Wearable Solid-State Sodium-Ion Batteries

The rapid advancement of modern wearable and smart microelectronics industries has led to a growing demand for cost-effective and sustainable flexible and wearable batteries. In this context, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) emerge as a promising alternative to the prevailing lithium-ion batteries due to the higher abundance of sodium than lithium, their low cost, enhanced safety, and environmental friendliness. In this study, we introduce a nanoarchitecture strategy utilizing biodegradable, biocompatible, and naturally abundant materials—cellulose acetate (CA) and chitosan (CH) biopolymers—to fabricate nano-porous aligned electrospun composite electrolyte (AECE) for flexible and wearable solid-state SIBs. The aligned nano-porous electrospun morphology of CA fiber mats was tailored by adjusting key parameters such as the rotation speed of the collector, binary solvent system of dichloromethane and acetone, relative humidity, and the concentration of the CA feed solution. Subsequently, a straightforward solution casting step was carried out on the surface of the CA fiber mats using a solution of 1wt.% CH biopolymer and 10 wt.% NaPF6 salt to fabricate mechanically robust (12.34 MPa), thin-film (~76 µm), and flexible nano-porous AECE. The enhanced mechanical property of AECE was developed due to good compatibility of CH and CA biopolymers, as well as the binding property of positively charged CH with negatively charged CA. The microstructure of nano-porous aligned CA mats and optimized AECE were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The room temperature (RT = 23°C) Na-ion conductivity (4.12 x 10-4 S/cm2) of nano-porous AECE demonstrated improved performance compared to that of non-porous AECE and randomly distributed nano-porous electrospun composite electrolytes because of the consistent Na+ transfer channels through highly porous and compact morphology of aligned electrospun CA fibers and the polymer matrix of CH. Uniform galvanostatic Na plating and stripping at RT is observed over 100 hours at 0.1 mA·cm-2 current density, indicating good electrochemical stability and compatibility with sodium metal. Further long-time RT Na plating-stripping and full-cell SIB performance with AECE are under investigation. Overall, as developed novel nano-architecture of porous aligned CA electrospun within the composite matrix facilitates smooth charge carrier activity, making it a promising candidate for flexible and wearable solid-state SIBs. Keywords Cellulose acetate, chitosan, aligned electrospun, sodium-ion battery, and Na plating-stripping.

All-Fiber-Based High Current Density of Triboelectric Nanogenerators Fabrication and for Human Motion Monitoring

The rapid development in point-of-care (PoC) fields require the continuous and real-time monitoring for the human motion, self-powered and wearable sensors based on triboelectric nanogenerator (STENG) have been an alternative pathway for human health monitoring in our daily life. Ny66, as a synthetic polymer, and biopolymer of chitosan, derived from chitin, represent distinct molecular entities. Despite both containing amino groups, their significantly molecular structural differences enable leveraging their complementary advantages to facilitate internal electron flow towards the friction surface. Meanwhile, electrospinning could promote the transformation of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fromα, δ, γ and ε phase to β phase, allowing much more excellent triboelectric expression, meanwhile, MCWNT can also act as nano-capacitors for electron storage, consequently, the air break down phenomenon could be alleviated and thereby resulted in the improvement of electric performance. Because of outstanding conductivity and antivirus ability, Ag nanowires (AgNWs) were employed as electrodes. Finally, when we attached the prepared STENG onto the fingertips, wrist and neck to track physiological signals of human state in walking, running, and staying still, respectively. The results show that the as-prepared wearable STENG could distinguish the aforementioned states accurately, therefore, that could be potentially utilized as a promising and non-invasive candidate in PoC and biomedical areas and when attached onto the parts scattered throughout the body. Figure 1