Chinese President Research Articles

The “Chinese Dream” as a discursive symbol

Abstract This study examines the political discursive construction of the “Chinese Dream” and its representations in global media by drawing on the methodological combination of the discourse-historical approach, corpus linguistics, and framing analysis. The data for analysis consists of Chinese President Xi Jinping’s official speeches and news coverage on the Chinese Dream by the China Daily, the South China Morning Post, and The New York Times for around six years (2012–2018). The analysis identified that the Chinese Dream discourse largely aims to serve toward Chinese nationalism, the reinforcement of the ruling Party’s legitimacy, and the Chinese leadership’s authority. Meanwhile, it was also found that the three media adopted different dominant frames to reshape the Chinese Dream, namely China Daily’s Chinese national-centric frame, South China Morning Post’s multiculturalist-oriented frame, and The New York Times’ US-centric “othering” frame. These news frames were tactically designed to serve their sociopolitical and ideological interests. Through corpus-assisted discourse analysis, the article aims to 1) reveal the discursive strategies and patterns of the Chinese Dream; 2) shed light on the discursive representations of the Chinese Dream in specific global media; and 3) bridge the gap between the original political discourse and its discursive reproduction in media representation.

A Strategic Base in the Global Supply Chain: Türkiye

Türkiye is becoming a new base in the global supply chain due to its geopolitical position and the cost advantages it provides. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, logistics problems, especially production and transportation costs, have further strengthened Türkiye’s position in this context. Türkiye’s strategic location, strong logistics infrastructure, costeffective and qualified workforce, along with a liberal investment climate, offer a suitable environment for international companies. Türkiye ranks well in the World Bank’s Logistics Performance Index, which evaluates countries’ logistics performance in customs, transportation, and infrastructure. Türkiye has served as a bridge between the east and west since historical times. During the Seljuk period, caravanserais and other infrastructure and service areas were established in Anatolia to support commercial activities. The Silk Road, which had an important place until a certain period of the Ottoman Empire, lost its importance due to other developments. The “One Belt One Road Project” initiated by China, still in progress and planned to be completed in 2049, will make Türkiye even more important in terms of the global supply chain in the next 10 years. İpekyolu follows the northern and southern routes in Anatolia. With China’s “One Belt One Road Project”, the Silk Road will regain its former importance as the “Modern Silk Road”. Chinese President Xi Jinping fi rst mentioned the Land and Sea Silk Road project in one of his speeches in 2013. It has been decided to name these two projects as the “Belt and Road Initiative-BRI” or the “One Belt One Road-OBOR” project. The word belt constitutes the land route of the project, which includes highways, railways, oil and natural gas pipelines, and infrastructure investments. The word road includes the sea routes covered by the project. The routes of these corridors are provided by multidimensional corridors in the direction of Asia-Europe instead of a single route. Within the scope of this project, many infrastructure investments are made in Türkiye as well. In this study, the cost advantages that Türkiye will provide to the global supply chain will be evaluated due to both its cost and geographical location and the infrastructure investments made.

Shaping China’s Engagement with the Arctic: Nationalist Narratives and Geopolitical Reality

ABSTRACT Nationalist narratives and geopolitical reality have played an opposite role in shaping China’s engagement with the Arctic, with the former pushing it forward while the latter pushing it back. Specifically, Chinese nationalist narratives on strong feelings of love for and pride in the Chinese nation not only initiated but also facilitated China’s engagement with the Arctic. Moreover, the ‘China Dream’, an official narrative put forward by the Chinese President Xi Jinping, has driven the country to undertake proactive measures to engage with the Arctic, among others, including self-ascribing China as a ‘Near-Arctic State’ and self-designating the ‘Polar Silk Road’. In stark contrast, however, the geopolitical reality featured by Arctic countries’ policies to push back China’s activities in this region has stymied its ambition to attain great power status in the Arctic.

Chronology of Events: April 2022 to June 2022

Chronology of Events:April 2022 to June 2022 Chen Juan (bio) Resources for China–ASEAN Relations As a research institute based in Singapore, the EAI monitors developments in relations and interactions between China and the individual countries of Southeast Asia as well as the ASEAN grouping as a whole. This material is presented in the form of (i) a chronology of events and (ii) important documents. —the Editors CHINA–ASEAN RELATIONS APRIL 2022 TO JUNE 2022: CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS APRIL 2022 1st Myanmar's Foreign Minister U Wunna Maung Lwin upon invitation visits Tunxi in ChinaJs Anhui province and meets with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. The Myanmar side has expressed concerns over domestic economic difficulties. Wang suggests advancing poverty alleviation projects, starting with a batch of "small yet smart" livelihood projects. Both sides jointly inaugurate the Consulate General of Myanmar in Chongqing and exchange cooperation documents in areas such as economics, technology and agriculture. Both sides also exchange views on the South China Sea issue and the Rakhine State issue. 2nd Thai Foreign Minister Don Pramudwinai visits Tunxi and holds talks with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. The former expresses hope to expand cooperation in agricultural trade and connectivity, industrial and supply chains security, and sustainable development. Wang proposes that both sides explore conducting pilot and demonstration projects on industrial parks in Thailand. Both foreign ministers also exchange their views on the Ukraine issue. Wang briefly summarises for Pramudwinai Chinese President Xi Jinping's opinions delivered to European Union leaders on the Ukraine crisis. 3rd Philippine Foreign Minister Teodoro Locsin visits and meets with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi in Tunxi. They discuss the South China Sea issue, and Wang emphasises the need to eliminate interference and to properly manage differences between the Philippines and China. The Philippines side has agreed to strengthen communications. Both sides have also exchanged views on issues in Myanmar and Ukraine. 5th The 23rd ASEAN–China Joint Cooperation Committee Meeting, held online, reaffirms ASEAN's and China's commitment to further strengthen their partnership and cooperation in line with the ASEAN–China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership established in 2021. Both sides discuss the follow-up to the implementation of the comprehensive strategic partnership, such as enhancing cooperation in trade and investment through the ASEAN–China Free Trade Area and implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement. They also update the substantive progress of the ASEAN–China Plan of Action 2021–25 in cooperation in these areas such as trade and investment, digital economy, connectivity including air connectivity, clean energy and environmental protection. 8th Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte and Chinese President Xi Jinping have a telephone conversation and they officially inaugurate the Binondo–Intramuros Bridge, which is the second bridge funded by China under Duterte's "Build, Build, Build" infrastructure programme. Built at a cost of US$105.6 million, the bridge connects two busy districts in Manila city across the Pasig River and it aims to ease daily traffic congestion, catering for a daily traffic volume of 30,000 motorists. Both sides have also agreed to further enhance bilateral trade and investments, jointly address the impact of climate change and promote collaboration in the pandemic response. 14th Vietnamese Foreign Minister Bui Thanh Son and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi speak over the telephone. Both foreign ministers share their views on the South China Sea and the consultations of the three maritime working groups of both sides. They have expressed hope to see substantive progress and advancement of maritime delimitation in the sea area outside the mouth of Gulf of Tonkin (or Beibu Gulf). They also exchange views on the Ukraine issue. 26th Malaysia's Ministry of International Trade and Industry and the People's government of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China jointly organise an inaugural online investment forum. The objective of the forum is to promote investment and business opportunities in the Malaysia–China Kuantan Industrial Park (MCKIP) and the China–Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park (CMQIP). The forum is also part of a series of events to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the CMQIP. Companies from both sides have signed 11 memoranda of understanding for future projects...

Xi’s Military Reforms and its Efficacy in Furthering China’s National Security Objectives

Chinese President Xi Jinping announced landmark military reforms in late 2015. The reforms intend to remove the ‘institutional obstacles, structural contradictions and policy problems’ with the aim of modernising the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) organisational structure in order to ‘further unleash its combat effectiveness’. They also aim to convert the PLA into a world-class force by 2049. However, assessing the reform process in the context of organisational structures and force-specific objectives, it appears that there remains much to be desired. The reforms have certainly made the PLA a better equipped regional force. But they have, thus far, only had a limited impact in terms of preparing the PLA to meet key strategic and security objectives.

بناء مجتمع الصحة المشترك للبشرية التجربة الصينية نموذجا / Building a Community of Common Health for Mankind: The Chinese Experience as a Model

Abstract Since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, humanity has been challenged in many different ways, and numerous calls for unity and international cooperation have emerged to handle the crisis and recover from its impacts. Among these calls is the Chinese President Xi Jinping’s initiative to “build a community of shared health for mankind.” This research strives to learn all about China’s role in confronting the repercussions of the pandemic at the global level, as well as its efforts to build a community of health for all. The result shows that China’s performance over the past two years has contributed, significantly, to saving human lives in China and around the globe. This result is based on reviewing China’s implementations in the face of the pandemic, on several levels: the research examines China’s success in combating the pandemic, its combined efforts with the World Health Organization and the scientific community, its efforts in the field of humanitarian aid, as well as its efforts in the international cooperation to produce the vaccine and provide it for the public. This research also sheds light on the two-year-long collaboration between China and Arab countries as a model for cooperation between nations in times of crisis.

National Image Construction of New Year Addresses by Xi Jinping from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor: A Corpus-based Study

The New Year Addresses by Chinese President Xi Jinping has the function of conveying New Year’s blessings and constructing a national image. Based on the conceptual metaphor theory of cognitive linguistics, this study selects the English version of New Year Addresses by President Xi Jinping from 2014 to 2021 as the research corpus and adopts the method of combining quantitative and qualitative analysis to identify the distribution of conceptual metaphors in the New Year Addresses and what kind of national image has been constructed by the main conceptual metaphor types. It is found that President Xi Jinping’s New Year Addresses mainly constructs the national image through the use of journey metaphor, construction metaphor, war metaphor, and personification metaphor. China’s image is political integrity, full of vitality, committed to world peace, and making a greater contribution to humanity.

Роль Синьцзяна в освоении западных регионов

Research relevance: for the development of China, the program for the development of the western regions, proclaimed at the 4th Plenum of the 15th CPC Central Committee (September 1999), is of great importance. This program was first promulgated by Chinese President Jiang Zemin at the All-China Conference in Xi'an (Shaanxi Province), and then by Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China Zhu Rongji at the 3rd session of the NPC (March 2000). Research objectives: to consider the development programs of the western regions of China for a long period up to 2050 and providing for the predominant development of energy, mining, metalworking, the construction of an extensive transport infrastructure in carrying out environmental protection work on a large scale. Research materials and methods: identification of a number of specific measures for the development of the western regions of China, aimed at state support in the western regions of investment projects, investment and tax incentives for the regions, expansion of channels of financial revenues for the implementation of investment projects. Research results: within the framework of this program, it is planned to solve the problem of providing the local population with drinking water, the construction of 16 national expressways and railways from Qinghai to Tibet and Xi'an to Nanjing, the laying of a gas pipeline from Xinjiang to Shanghai, the construction of several power lines for providing electricity to the southern dynamically most developing province of Guangdong and other infrastructure projects no less important for the whole of China. Conclusions: the leadership of the PRC provides for the further development of the western regions of China in order to reduce the gap between the developed coastal zones and the backward central and western regions both in terms of share of GDP and per capita GDP.

China–ASEAN Relations January 2022 to March 2022: Chronology of Events

China–ASEAN Relations January 2022 to March 2022: Chronology of Events Chen Juan (bio) As a research institute based in Singapore, the EAI monitors developments in relations and interactions between China and the individual countries of Southeast Asia as well as the ASEAN grouping as a whole. This material is presented in the form of (i) a chronology of events and (ii) important documents. —the Editors JANUARY 2022 1st The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Agreement enters into force for 10 of the participating countries (Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Japan, Laos, New Zealand, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam). For the remaining participating countries, the agreement will enter into force 60 days after they deposit their instrument of ratification with the RCEP Depositary. 10th Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin announces at a press conference China’s support for Cambodia to resolve the issue in Myanmar. The remark is a response to a question related to Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen’s visit to Myanmar on 7 January 2022. Cambodia, the ASEAN Chair in 2022, has been making efforts to invite Myanmar’s military junta to engage with ASEAN. The announcement makes China the second country, after Japan, to back Cambodia’s decision. 11th Chinese President Xi Jinping speaks on the telephone with Indonesian President Joko Widodo. Xi has expressed readiness to foster new areas of collaboration such as new energy, low-carbon development, the digital economy and maritime cooperation. The Indonesian side welcomes investments from Chinese enterprises as well as cooperation in high technology and green areas. Both sides share updates on the construction of the Jakarta–Bandung High-Speed Railway which has progressed smoothly and is expected to enter operation as planned. 13th Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh holds a telephone conversation with Chinese Premier Li Keqiang. Noting that bilateral trade has achieved encouraging progress in 2021, both sides agree to work together on improving the efficiency and convenience in the customs clearance of Vietnam’s exports of agricultural products to China. 17th The Fifth Manila Forum for China–Philippines Relations is held online with the theme “Hand in Hand for a Stronger and Reinforced China– Philippines Friendship”. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivers a keynote speech, promising to keep China’s door open to more agricultural products from the Philippines and to synergise the Belt and Road Initiative with the Philippines’ “Build, Build, Build” strategy. He also announces an additional grant of RMB100 million provided by the Chinese government to support the Philippines’ reconstruction of areas hit by typhoon Odette in December 2021. 19th The 21st Meeting of the ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Tourism Ministers held in Cambodia notes that the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect international travel to the APT region in 2021, as international visitors further declined by 39.4 per cent compared to 2020. Similarly, tourism receipts in 2021 dropped by 81.9 per cent compared to 2020. Ministers update each other on measures undertaken by their respective countries and discuss ways to collaboratively reopen the tourism sector. They welcome the endorsement of the ASEAN Guidelines for Hygiene and Safety for Professionals and the Communities in the Tourism Industry and the ASEAN Safe Travel Stamp, as efforts to enhance the trust of international travellers to Southeast Asia. FEBRUARY 2022 4th Thai Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn visits Beijing to attend the opening ceremony of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022. At a meeting with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, she shares her plan to publish a book in Thailand introducing the history of the Communist Party of China, and to visit various parts of China to conduct research. Singaporean Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan meets Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi in Beijing. They exchange views on the developments related to the South China Sea, US–China relations and the situation in the Asia Pacific region. Balakrishnan, together with two other ministers, accompanied Singaporean President Halimah Yacob for the opening ceremony of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022. President Halimah is one of the 30 heads of state, governments and international organisations who attended the event. After the event, she meets respectively with Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and President Xi Jinping, where both sides agree to expand...

A Corpus Assisted Positive Discourse Analysis of President Xi Jinping’s Speech at The National Assembly of Pakistan

State visits to friendly countries are a contemporary global trend. The speeches of heads of state are analyzed from a variety of angles. Positive discourse analysis of international leaders' speeches has gained prominence, particularly in Pakistan, following the inauguration of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This 42-billion-dollar project, which was officially launched in 2013, has sparked intense regional and international debate. The study employs corpus-based positive discourse analysis. It is a combination of concordance and appraisal research using Baker's lexical category model. The adjectives associated with lexical items are analyzed from a PDA perspective. Three appraisal resources have been used to evaluate Xi's speech: the attitude system, the engagement system, and the graduation system. Following the analysis, it is discovered that President Xi's speech contains numerous positive resources. He strives to build a brotherly relationship with his audience based on mutual equality, respect, love, and strategic partnership. President Xi used language that demonstrates increased engagement. The current study applies positive discourse analysis to the speeches of the Chinese president, opening up new avenues for appraisal theory research.

Global Cyber Governance in China: Towards Building a Community of Shared Future in Cyberspace

At the Second World Internet Conference in 2015, the Chinese President put forward the advocacy of building a community with a shared future in cyberspace. In recent years, with the gradual and widespread recognition of the concept of a cyberspace community with a shared future, how to promote the specific construction of the cyberspace community with a shared future has become a focus. The international community, including Europe and the United States, emerging countries and developing countries, is already in a cyberspace as a whole. Jointly building a community with a shared future in cyberspace can better deal with common network problems, explore the community of cyberspace conflict of cyberspace value, cyberspace security threatened, cyberspace interests game three main practical problems, and explore the benefits and value of cyberspace community for the members of the international community, form from promoting discussion, expand consensus, strengthen construction, seek to collaborative path innovation, can actively promote the effective governance of the global network.

Chinese President’s Visit to Nepal and Consolidation of Relations of Two Countries

This paper explores Chinese President Xi Jinping’s Nepal visit and its significance in diplomatic relations between the two countries. Drawing information from the secondary sources, this paper provides a brief overview and analysis of the Nepal-China relation, high-level visits between the two countries and Xi Jinping’s new diplomacy of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The paper argues that President Xi’s visit to Nepal on 13 October 2013 following his visit to India should be taken as part of his new diplomacy rather than the continuation of the tradition of exchanging high-level visits between the two countries. During this visit, Nepal and China signed a 20-point comprehensive agreement. In his statement, President Xi mentioned that China will help Nepal to get transformed from a ‘landlocked’ to a ‘land-linked’ country. For that purpose, he put forward the modality of Trans-Himalayan Multi-Dimensional Connectivity Network as a way out. Xi has expressed the commitment to opening up further new entry points between China and Nepal for enhancing connectivity between the two countries. President Xi announced financial help of around 56 billion rupees to Nepal between 2020 and 2022. The recent developments, with careful and timely implementation, have the potentiality of opening new geopolitical, regional, and economic opportunities for Nepal.

The Spanish Language as a Cultural and Touristic Resource for the Chinese Market to Develop Quality Education.

Since 1952, Spanish has been included as a Degree in the Foreign Language Studies in the higher education system of China. The number of Spanish students has gradually increased and, until March 2020, with 6 Universities recently approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), there are 102 Chinese universities that teach Spanish as a university degree. In 2017, the MOE of the People's Republic of China (PRC) published the Curriculum Plan in the Higher Secondary Schools, which incorporated the teaching of Spanish as a teaching option along with other languages, such as English, Japanese, Russian, German, and French. In the following year, during the Chinese President's state visit to Spain, a cooperation agreement was signed between the Royal Spanish Academy (abbreviated as RAE for its Spanish name) and SISU, under which a RAE-SISU Joint Research Centre was established. This study aims to publicize the situation of Spanish teaching in China, showing how a language can become a cultural and language tourism resource for Spain. An empirical study of student profiles was carried out at one of the most prestigious universities with reference to Spanish teaching in China, SISU. The data were obtained through primary sources employing a survey sent to the Chinese students studying their bachelor's degree of Spanish Philology, obtaining a sample of 159 students. The results revealed information on the studies carried out, also reviewing the most popular universities among the Chinese students in Spain, their stay period, and the destination image that the students have. The data will serve to show the opportunities for Spain as a destination for language tourism for the Chinese market. One of the implications of this study would be that it helps to explain how Spain can design a product for a niche market that demands Spain as a destination for language and cultural tourism.

CONTEMPORARY GEOPOLITICS OF EURASIA AND THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE

In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping launched the Belt and Road Initiative. This modern initiative aims to revive the ancient Silk Road and connect China with many neighboring and distant countries and economic blocs. China invests mainly in infrastructure by developing a network of land and maritime roads, facilitating communication, trade and transportation. The various projects under this initiative will make China a leader in international trade and an attractive region for giant partners. This paper analyzes the Chinese presence in Eurasia after the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative and the contemporary geopolitics of Eurasia in light of the great Chinese expansion. This study contributes to clarifying the China-Central Asia relationship and represents this relationship within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. This study is based on data issued by governmental institutions and international research centers, which makes it an important reference in Central Asian studies. This paper concluded that the Belt and Road Initiative will have a significant impact on the economy of Central Asia and its geopolitical position through the great Chinese openness and dependence on Central Asia in China’s regional and international trade. The paper also discusses the Sino-Russian contrast that may arise with the Chinese penetration into Central Asia.

REPRESENTATION OF CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN AMERICAN AND CHINESE PRESIDENTIAL SPEECHES ON COVID-19/ՔՈՎԻԴ 19 ՀԱՄԱՃԱՐԱԿԻ ՀԱՄԱՏԵՔՍՏՈՒՄ ՀԱՍԿԱՑՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ՓՈԽԱԲԵՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԱՐՏԱՊԱՏԿԵՐՈՒՄԸ ԱՄՆ-Ի և ՉԻՆԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՆԱԽԱԳԱՀԱԿԱՆ ՈՒՂԵՐՁՆԵՐՈՒՄ/КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНАЯ МЕТАФОРА В АМЕРАИКАНСКИХ И КИТАЙСКИХ ПРЕЗИДЕНТСКИХ ВЫСТУПЛЕНИЯХ

COVID-19 pandemic struck the world on a large scale and no nation could skip out from. Conforming to this, the authorities worldwide made their concerns public, measuring out those undertaking which were directed toward tackling the consequences of the pandemic. On that account, they delivered speeches and voiced their thoughts on the events in the wake of pandemic judiciously. The article goes through conceptual metaphors by analyzing metaphoric concepts used to describe the events and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic by American and Chinese presidents. The article briefly introduces the theoretical basis of the study from the cognitive approach. Then, the analysis of the chosen material provides the means to evaluate the areas of knowledge that served as a source domain for metaphorically expressing the pandemic. The data accessed prove the pervasiveness of metaphors in two superpower countries’ presidential discourse and their importance for understanding tough situations, effectively influencing the audience. The findings revealed that the most common used source domains in both political discourses are Unity Metaphors, Spatial Metaphors, Object Metaphors and War Metaphors. Nonetheless, American political discourse is much more persuasively and metaphorically expressed than Chinese political discourse.

A Study of Xi Jinping’s Speech Discourse in the Context of Metadiscourse

Metadiscourse is an important concept in the field of discourse analysis, but related studies have been confined to various genres of written discourse. There is little research on the persuasive function of metadiscourse in speech. This paper adopts a data analysis method to collect keynote speeches by Chinese President Xi Jinping at the opening ceremonies of the 1th to 4th China International Import Expo and Xi Jinping’s New Year message from 2014 to 2022, with a total of 13 speeches as the corpus of this research. Based on the literature research method, directives, self-mentions, and attitude markers of Hyland’s Model of Metadiscourse are combined with the affective appeals of Aristotle’s rhetorical persuasion theory as an analytical framework to analyze the corpus. And the purpose of this paper is to discuss how these three types of metadiscourse achieve affective appeals in Xi Jinping’s speeches. The study finds that these three types of metadiscourse are frequently used in Xi Jinping’s speeches and have realized an important affective appeal function as well as enhanced the persuasion effect of the speech.Directives,self-mentions, andattitude markersare conducive to affective appeal, resonating with the audience, and achieving the purpose of persuasion in the speech. This paper finds ways to promote the audience’s understanding of speech from the perspective of metadiscourse rhetorical persuasion by studying the affective appeal function of metadiscourse in Xi Jinping’s speeches.

Arctic Studies Exchange between Chinese and Russian Universities (by the example of North-Eastern Federal University of Russia and Chinese Heilongjiang University)

The Arctic is a unique region. It has recently attracted attention of the North Pacific countries. Its growing economy, transport, logistics and economic potential have formed a solid basis for the international cooperation. Scientists and experts from all over the world are studying the extensive natural potential of the ocean and seabed, as well as the possibility of using the route across the Arctic Ocean. In June 2019, during the visit of Chinese President Xi Jinping to Russia, both leaders of the countries, Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping, announced 2020 and 2021 as the Years of Chinese-Russian Innovation in Science and Technology with the main topic of Science and Innovation in Technology. Having friendly relationship and political support between the two countries, North-Eastern Federal University of Russia and Heilongjiang University of China had a fruitful exchange in the field of scientific studies. During these activities, good cooperation results have been achieved.

Negotiating Trade in Services with China from the Uruguayan Perspective

We focus on trade in services, and we aim at assessing the concessions made by China when negotiating trade agreements. Additionally, we shed light on the opportunities that Uruguay may have in exporting services to China in case of signing a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The debate on this issue started in 2016 when Uruguayan President Vázquez visited China and with Chinese President Xi Jinping raised the possibility of signing a FTA. Since then, opposing arguments have been put forward. Unfortunately, the lack of bilateral information on trade in services is a limitation for this kind of studies. It is highlighted that there will be additional large gains which would emerge from trade in goods, cooperation or investments.

China actively promotes CO2 capture, utilization and storage research to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality

China actively promotes CO2 capture, utilization and storage research to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality

The Effectiveness of Xi Jinping’s Metaphorical Discourse in Cross-Cultural Communication

Metaphor is not only a linguistic and rhetorical phenomenon, but also an important cognitive and thinking mode, which plays an important role in the formation of human conceptual system. Conceptual metaphor theory holds that metaphor is the foundation of human conceptual system and the essence of metaphor is the mental mapping from source domain to target domain on the basis of similarities. In recent years, more and more metaphorical expressions can be found in Chinese President Xi Jinping’s speeches, which have attracted wide attention of the researchers. This paper aims at exploring the effectiveness of Xi Jinping’s metaphorical discourse from the perspective of cross-cultural communication. The study shows that the use of metaphor in political discourse helps to bring about novelty, break cultural barriers, enhance cultural identity, so as to enhance cross-cultural understanding and promote the effectiveness of cross-cultural communication. Conceptual metaphor provides an effective perspective for the study of political discourse, and also provides a new perspective for constructing China’s communication discourse system to the foreign countries in the world.