Objective: To analyze the urinary conditions and assess the effects of pelvic floor muscle electrical stimulation combined with biofeedback treatment in female patients with stress urinary incontinence. Methods: 80 patients with stress urinary incontinence admitted to Haimen District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2023 to September 2023 were included as the research subjects. Following the principle of random grouping, they were divided into an observation group and a control group. Patients in the control group received single pelvic floor muscle electrical stimulation treatment, while patients in the observation group underwent pelvic floor muscle electrical stimulation combined with biofeedback. The treatment effects, pelvic floor muscle strength, quality of life, and any adverse reactions in both groups were analyzed. Results: The total effective rate of patients undergoing combined treatment was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the control group with a single treatment. While there was no significant difference in the pelvic floor muscle data between the observation and control groups before treatment, after treatment, the data in the observation group showed a significant increase (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in quality of life data between the two groups (P > 0.05), but after treatment, the quality of life score in the observation group was significantly higher (P < 0.05). No adverse reactions were reported in either group during the treatment process. Conclusion: Pelvic floor muscle electrical stimulation combined with biofeedback can effectively improve urinary leakage in patients with stress urinary incontinence, demonstrating a relatively ideal clinical effect. Furthermore, this combined treatment can enhance pelvic floor muscle condition, improve quality of life, and effectively safeguard the physical and mental health of female patients.