Chinese Basketball Association Research Articles

Case Analysis of Improving Teaching Quality in Basketball Teaching through Information Technology

To discuss the impact of applying information technology in basketball referee training on referees’ self-efficacy, stress management, and job satisfaction, this study selected 200 registered referees from the Chinese Basketball Association as research participants, who were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received training in virtual reality (VR) technology and video analysis, while the control group adopted traditional training methods. Research methods included questionnaires, experimental observations, and data analysis. By evaluating the self-efficacy, stress levels, and job satisfaction of referees in both groups before and after training, the effectiveness of information technology was compared. The results indicated that the experimental group’s self-efficacy significantly increased, rising from 3.21 ± 0.14 to 4.46 ± 0.15 (P < 0.001), while the control group showed only a slight improvement. Furthermore, the experimental group experienced a notable reduction in stress levels, whereas the control group’s changes were insignificant (P < 0.05). Regarding job satisfaction, the experimental group’s satisfaction level improved from 3.53 ± 0.17 to 4.62 ± 0.16 (P < 0.001), while the control group showed a more modest increase. The conclusion suggests that information technology effectively enhances self-efficacy, reduces stress, and improves job satisfaction among referees during training, demonstrating broad application prospects.

The impact of internal and external loads on player performance in Chinese basketball association

BackgroundLimited research has investigated the association between training load and performance of basketball players during games. Little is known about how different indicators of player performance are affected by internal and external loads. The purpose of this study was to determine whether external and internal loads influence basketball players’ performance during games.MethodThis longitudinal study involved 20 professional male basketball players from a single team, classified as first-level athletes by the Chinese Basketball Association. During 34 games, external load was measured as PlayerLoad using micro-sensors, while internal load was assessed using session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). Player performance was quantified using three metrics: Efficiency, Player Index Rating (PIR), and Plus-Minus (PM). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the strength of the relationships between training loads and performance metrics. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to further analyze the influence of internal and external loads on basketball performance.ResultsPearson correlation analysis revealed moderate positive correlations between both sRPE and PlayerLoad with Efficiency and PIR. Specifically, sRPE (r = 0.52) and PlayerLoad (r = 0.54) were both significantly correlated with Efficiency. For PIR, sRPE (r = 0.50) and PlayerLoad (r = 0.56) also demonstrated moderate correlations. These correlations were further substantiated by linear mixed-effects models, which showed that sRPE (β = 2.21, p < 0.001) and PlayerLoad (β = 1.87, p = 0.004) had significant independent effects on Efficiency. Similarly, sRPE (β = 2.15, p < 0.001) and PlayerLoad (β = 2.36, p < 0.001) significantly predicted PIR. Additionally, a significant interaction effect between PlayerLoad and sRPE was found on Plus-Minus (β = -2.49, p < 0.001), indicating that the combination of high physical and psychological loads negatively impacted overall team performance. However, the correlation strengths for Plus-Minus were relatively low (sRPE: r = 0.16; PlayerLoad: r = 0.10).ConclusionBoth external and internal loads positively contribute to performance, the integration of objective (accelerometry) and subjective (sRPE) measures of load provides a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and psychological demands on athletes, contributing to more effective training regimens and performance optimization.

The impact of renovation on the air quality in the stadium, and prevention of indoor air pollution

Indoor air quality is a critical factor influencing athletic performance, particularly in professional sports settings, yet its impact remains underexplored. This study utilizes a panel dataset from 2516 Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) matches across 20 cities in China between 2014 and 2019. We integrate daily air pollution metrics with player efficiency ratings (PER) to investigate the effects of air quality on individual performance. We find that a 10% increase in the air quality index (AQI) corresponds to a 1.4223 decrease in PER, indicating a strong negative effect of poor air quality on player productivity. Different pollutants have varying effects, with some exacerbating the decline in both overall performance and precision in tasks. Notably, older players and international players exhibit greater resilience to air pollution. These insights contribute to the development of a comprehensive index for assessing work efficiency under varying air quality conditions and suggest targeted strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of air pollution in competitive athletic settings.

The Problems and Solutions for Chinese Basketball Association

Under the background of the slow and lack of development of Chinese basketball, Chinese basketball fans are so desperate to get better performances in national games like the Olympics. Now, the Chinese National Basketball Team (National Team in the later content) is only ranking 4th in Asia and 28th in the world. Almost all players in the National Team are selected by the league called Chinese Basketball Association (CBA), which is the finest and most well-known basketball league in China, and also is the first choice for most professional Chinese basketball players. Although it is the finest basketball league in China, there are still various problems existing. These problems have a strong and negative effect on the National Team. So this paper mainly points out three problems now existing in CBA: (1) the influx of talented players is not enough, (2) the problems of referees and players, and (3) lack of humanistic concerns. Then, give out the solutions of making policies, setting up players associations, organizing more competitions, considering social problems, and helping more poor children with basketball dreams.

Marketing and Business Operations Analysis of Modern Mainstream Sports Events: A Comparative Study of NBA and CBA

This study delves into the marketing strategies and business operations of contemporary mainstream sports events, focusing on a comparative analysis between the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). In today's globalized world, sports have evolved beyond mere competition into lucrative entertainment businesses. The NBA and CBA stand as two prominent examples of sports leagues that have garnered massive fan followings and commercial success, albeit in distinct ways. The research investigates the multifaceted aspects of marketing employed by these leagues. It explores how the NBA's international expansion strategies and well-orchestrated marketing campaigns have enabled it to establish a strong global presence. Meanwhile, the CBA's unique approaches to catering to its domestic audience and its collaboration with local brands are scrutinized for their impact on the league's marketability. Furthermore, the study dissects the business operations behind these sports leagues. It analyzes revenue generation models, including ticket sales, broadcasting rights, merchandise, and sponsorship deals, to discern their efficiency and sustainability. By comparing the revenue structures and financial performances of the NBA and CBA, this research aims to provide valuable insights into optimizing the business side of modern sports events. Through this comparative analysis, we hope to shed light on the key factors contributing to the success of sports leagues in the contemporary era. The findings are expected to be of interest to sports industry stakeholders, marketers, and businesses seeking to understand the dynamics of sports marketing and business operations in a global context.

Research on the Team Operation and Management Strategy of the Mainstream Basketball Leagues in China and America - Based on the Comparison Between NBA and CBA

This research comparatively analysis gameplay and strategies in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). The goal is to understand more about how the various professional basketball leagues work, how games are played, and how well the players perform. In contrast to the CBA's emphasis on disciplined offensive setups and team play, the NBA places a premium on athleticism and three-point shooting. The research in both leagues' sheds light on the significance of defensive strategies, team cohesiveness, and individual player duties. Based on best practices in the NBA, there are several potential enhancements to league administration and marketing and implications for CBA coaching and player development. The study's results highlight the dynamics of the worldwide basketball scene and give recommendations for developing professional basketball. The research also analyzes and contrasts NBA and CBA players' scoring, playmaking, and rebounding abilities, among other things. Based on the insights it gives into each league's distinctive traits and its players' performance, this study has significant significance for the growth and extension of professional basketball globally.

Factors Influencing the Performance of College Men's Basketball Teams: Taking the Southwest University Men's Basketball Team as an Example

The Chinese University Basketball League, abbreviated as CUBA, is a basketball league organized by the Chinese Basketball Association between universities. The purpose of the league is to "develop university basketball and cultivate basketball talents", and it is the best and most influential university level sports competition in China's development. CUBA has become one of the two major basketball competitions in China, with its influence second only to CBA. Now, the CUBA league has accompanied us through 24 seasons, carrying the youth of countless players and fans. As the training objects of internal competitive sports in universities, high-level basketball teams in universities have trained numerous excellent sports talents and continuously supplied fresh blood to the CBA league. This article explores and analyzes the factors that affect the performance of university basketball teams through literature review and questionnaire survey methods, and uses the men's basketball team of Southwest University as a reference to propose development strategies for building university basketball teams, providing reference for the construction of various university basketball teams.

Exploration of Intelligent Coaching Systems: The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Basketball Training

Basketball was invented in 1891 by James Naismith, a professor of physical education in Springfield, Massachusetts. It has a history of 130 years and is one of the most popular sports in the world. In the United States, the number of people who have played basketball at least once in a year in 2021-2021 will exceed 27 million people per year. The International Federation of Basketball Associations estimates that at least 450 million people around the world participate in this sport. In my country, the general basketball population in China is 125 million, accounting for about 1/4 of the total global basketball population, and the core basketball population is 76.1 million. It can be seen that basketball Sports are very popular in our country. The National Basketball Association (NBA) game is recognized as the highest level of professional basketball in the world. From 2001 to 2022, the total revenue of the NBA league will reach 10.02 billion US dollars. In recent years, many new technologies have been applied to basketball training and competitions. The "14th Five-Year Plan for Sports Development" issued by the State Sports General Administration in October 2021 clearly stated that information technology is widely used in the field of sports. The 14th Yao Ming, deputy to the 1st National People's Congress and chairman of the Chinese Basketball Association, said that Chinese basketball should take the "digital road". The digitalization of artificial intelligence is of great importance to improving the technical level of athletes, reducing sports injuries, enhancing game enjoyment, attracting fans, and promoting the development of basketball-related industries. significance. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that enables computers to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that automatically improves the performance of computing programs by learning patterns in data and has been successfully applied in various fields. The advantage of artificial intelligence is that it can quickly analyze and process massive data, and data analysis methods are continuously improved, enabling users to obtain important information that is difficult to obtain by manual methods. It is without a doubt one of the most promising technologies for the future of humanity, and its benefits are extending to the world of sports. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the application of artificial intelligence in the field of basketball.

Analysis on the Impact of Foreign Players on the Chinese Basketball Association from the Perspective of the Sports Economy

Established in 1995, Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) is the first-tier professional men's basketball league in China. CBA opening doors to foreign players has brought a lot of changes to the Chinese professional men's basketball league. By reviewing previous research, this paper conducts further analysis on the impact of the introduction of foreign players on CBA from the perspective of the sports economy, and gives suggestions on the future development of CBA. Finally, this paper draws a conclusion that the introduction of foreign players increased salary expenditure, ticket income, and the number of sponsors. However, it may also create obstacles to the balanced development of Chinese players and different CBA teams, as well as weaken their advertising value. Therefore, apart from foreign players, there is also a need for CBA to add more talents for better management in team operation and intangible assets, thus establishing a stable system and promoting the maturity of the Chinese basketball market.

Modeling the influence of basketball players' offense roles on team performance.

This study aimed to (1) use the clustering method to build a classification model based on the play-type data of basketball players, to classify native and foreign players into different offensive roles; (2) use the clustered offensive role model to investigate how different offensive roles influence team performance. The sample was drawn from 20 teams spanning five seasons (2017-2021) in the Chinese Basketball Association, comprising 823 native and 228 foreign players. The clustering results obtained fourteen offensive roles for native players and five for foreign players. Subsequent analyses revealed that the offensive roles of two native player clusters, namely N6 Spot-up Wings who Attack (OR = 3.281, p < 0.05) and N13 Bigs who Cut to the Rim (OR = 4.272, p < 0.05), significantly influenced team performance. Conversely, no significant impact was observed for foreign players. The findings of this study offer novel insights into player dynamics and offer coaches a fresh perspective on team composition.

Determining the Relationship between Physical Capacities, Metabolic Capacities, and Dynamic Three-Point Shooting Accuracy in Professional Female Basketball Players

Three-point shooting plays an important role in determining the outcomes of basketball games and could be relevant for player selection. However, there has been little research into the relationship between basketball players’ physical capacities, metabolic capacities, and three-point shooting accuracy, particularly among female players. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between physical capacities, metabolic capacities, and dynamic three-point shooting accuracy in female professional basketball players. Twelve female professional basketball players from the Women’s Chinese Basketball Association (WCBA) league (age: 19.04 ± 1.31 years, height: 181.33 ± 4.90 cm, playing experience: 7.83 ± 1.7 years) were recruited for this study. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analysis were run to assess the relationship between physical capacities, metabolic capacities, and dynamic three-point shooting. Results showed that coordination, balance, core strength, and relative average power were positively correlated with three-point shooting accuracy (r &gt; 0.58, p &lt; 0.05), while no other variables showed significant correlations. The current study suggests that coaching staff should consider coordination, balance, core strength, and anaerobic capacities when selecting players as well as in their training periodization if three-point shooting accuracy is considered relevant.

Air pollution and indoor work efficiency: Evidence from professional basketball players in China

Previous studies analysing the effects of air pollution on work efficiency did not pay much attention to indoor impacts. This paper attempts to fill this gap by using technical data from Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) players. For the first time, we present personal work efficiency using a comprehensive evaluation index, the player efficiency rating (PER). The information is then combined with daily air quality data. We find that air pollution reduces work productivity: for every 10% increase in the air quality index (AQI), the average PER decreases by 0.4221, and the effects vary by air pollutant. Heterogeneity analysis shows that at the level of competition venues, the negative impact of air pollution on work efficiency can be weakened at home, while the rising temperature in the competition city can amplify the negative impact of air pollution on work efficiency. At the level of individual players, older players and foreign players are less affected by air pollution. Moreover, we find that air pollution affects work efficiency by reducing total work output and work accuracy.Our research constructs a comprehensive evaluation index for work efficiency, enriches research on the influence of air pollution on work efficiency, and provides a policy basis for identifying groups that are sensitive to air pollution, which might help with air pollution control policy making.

Strategies to Promote the Chinese Basketball Association

CBA league is the highest-level basketball league in China. In recent years, the CBA league has faced many difficulties, such as how to ensure its exposure and popularity in the post-epidemic era. Especially after the emergence of COVID-19, the ticket revenue of the CBA league has been greatly reduced; After the emergence of the National Basketball Association and even the National Basketball league, the influence of the CBA league declined. This research aimed to discuss how to enhance the influence and popularity of the CBA league in the Chinese market. This article went through the analysis of Marketing Mix theory, according to the actual situation of the CBA league, from the four elements of the Marketing Mix theory in the analysis of the CBA league on these elements of consumer impact degree. At the same time, this article applied the SWOT analysis method, respectively from the internal and external advantages and disadvantages of CBA league analysis. The conclusion of this exploration was that the CBA league has great advantages in the two aspects of place and product, but under the influence of reality, there were different negative effects on promotion, place, and product. Therefore, the CBA league needs to be changed from inside to outside under the current background.

The Influence of Chinese Professional Basketball Organizations’ (CPBOs’) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Efforts on Their Clubs’ Sustainable Development

The positive effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on professional sports organizations’ (PSO) sustainable development have been studied in developed markets, e.g., the major four leagues in North America. To assess if CSR has similar effects on the emerging market, this study collected 373 questionnaires among the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) fans. The descriptive statistical results verified consumers’ positive responses to CSR in their favorite clubs in enhancing their team identification, loyalty, and purchase intentions of game tickets. There existed a strong relationship between team identifications and the clubs’ sustainable development. However, the results of the structural equation modelling indicated that the relationship between CSR and the clubs’ sustainable development was weak. The results indicated that fans generally considered a CBA team’s CSR effort as important, but the importance was not proportional to CSR-related team identification or the clubs’ sustainable development. Moreover, the lack of structural validity within each construct calls for more research frameworks and questionnaire designs for CSR investigations in the context of the emerging market. The practical implication of this study was that clubs with financial difficulties were only suggested to do what they could afford to do in CSR activities rather than get involved more than they could bear.

The Differences in the Performance Profiles Between Native and Foreign Players in the Chinese Basketball Association.

The aim of the study was to (i) use an clustering analysis method to classify and identify native and foreign basketball players into similar groups based on game-related statistics; (ii) use the Pearson’s Chi-square test to identify the key clusters that affect whether a team enters the playoffs; and (iii) use the classification tree analysis to stimulate the prediction of team ability and the construction of the team roster. The sample consisted of 422 foreign players and 1,775 native players across 9 seasons from 2011 to 2019. The clustering process allowed for the identification of nine native and six foreign player performance profiles. In addition, two clusters (p < 0.001, ES = 0.33; p < 0.001, ES = 0.28) of native players and one cluster (p < 0.05, ES = 0.16) of foreign players were identified that had a significant impact on team ability. These results provide alternative references for basketball staff concerning the process of evaluating native and foreign player performance in the Chinese Basketball Association.

Nationality Effects on the Allocation of Playing Time in the Chinese Basketball Association: Xenophilia or Xenophobia?

This paper uses 2011–2019 data from the Chinese Basketball Association to assess the determinants of playing time with a focus on the effects of players’ national origin. Playing time is explained by an array of standard performance variables as well as each player's characteristics (such as age, height, and weight). Controlling for these factors, we test for whether there is any evidence of preferential treatment for foreign players over Chinese players. Our findings, using both a fixed effects model and the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition approach, offer consistent support for discrimination in favor of U.S. players and other foreign nationals. Intriguingly, Chinese coaches discriminate against Chinese players even more than non-Chinese coaches. We argue that foreign players draw attendance and hence receive more playing time than is justified by their performance alone.

Nationality Effects on the Allocation of Playing Time in the Chinese Basketball Association: Xenophilia or Xenophobia?

This paper uses 2011-2019 data from the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) to assess the determinants of playing time with a focus on the effects of players’ national origin. Playing time is explained by an array of standard performance variables as well as each player’s characteristics (such as age, height and weight). Controlling for these factors, we test for whether there is any evidence of preferential treatment for foreign players over Chinese players. Our findings, using both a fixed effects model and the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach, offer consistent support for discrimination in favor of US players and other foreign nationals. Intriguingly, Chinese coaches discriminate against Chinese players even more than non-Chinese coaches. We argue that foreign players draw attendance and hence receive more playing time than is justified by their performance alone.

Modeling the Keys to Team's Success in the Women's Chinese Basketball Association.

The technical characteristics of women’s basketball may differ from men’s basketball, and there is a need to identify the key performance indicators (KPIs) that contribute to the success of women’s teams. The aim of the current study was to examine and quantify the relationships between technical performance indicators and match outcome in elite women’s basketball using both linear and non-linear statistical methods, the effectiveness of the two methods was compared as well. A total of 136 matches (n = 272 teams’ observations) in the regular season of Women’s Chinese Basketball Association (WCBA; season 2020–2021) were analyzed using multiple linear regression (MLR) and quantile regression (QR). Results showed that two-point percentage, offensive rebounds, assists and turnovers had significant effects on the match outcome for both MLR and QR analysis. No significant relationships were observed between match outcome and three-point percentage, steals, and fouls. The results between MLR and QR analysis were different in free-throw percentage, defensive rebounds and blocks. Current results highlighted QR analysis is an advanced statistical model more powerful than the traditional linear method for the identification of KPIs. The identified KPIs may help coaches to develop more specific training interventions and match strategies during match play.

A normalized score-based weighted PageRank algorithm on ranking prediction of basketball games

Ranking of sports teams has always been significant to sponsors, coaches, as well as audiences. Prevailing prediction methods investigate probabilities by taking into account of different kinds of attributes (e.g. field goals, fields goal attempts) in order to establish a detail-based mechanism for analyzing the capability among competing teams. The different types of activation and inhibition actions between athletes provide a considerable challenge in the framework of network analysis. Moreover, these attributes interactions might add up the substantial redundancy to network frame as well. This paper proposes a weighted PageRank algorithm based on the normalized basketball match scores from a macroscopic point of view. Taking Chinese Basketball Association and Chinese University Basketball Association as examples, the developed approach takes into account the win/lose nature of interactions between each pair of competing teams in the framework of PageRank network. We also evolve a weighted network model for the network matrix which highlights the capability difference of teams whose PageRank probabilities are most sensitive with respect to the scores of the two competing teams. The chance of championship of teams can be better demonstrated by the PageRank probabilities. The results show that our method achieves more precise predicting result than that of original PageRank algorithm and Hypertext-Induced Topic Search algorithm.

Sports in the Transnational Public Sphere: Findings from the Case of Daryl Morey’s Hong Kong Tweet

On October 4, 2019, Daryl Morey, the general manager of the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA), shared on Twitter a slogan: ‘fight for freedom, stand with Hong Kong’ in support of the 2019 Hong Kong protests. This tweet raised a rapidly growing fallout in both China and the US. This paper aims to assess sports in the transnational public sphere through Morey’s case. We monitored ‘Morey (莫雷)’ on Twitter, Sina Weibo, Baidu Index, Google trends, and Nexis News from October 4 to December 31, 2019. Our findings show that Morey's tweet offended Chinese Houston Rockets fans, which urged them to attack Morey on Twitter. The butterfly effect exerted influence onto the Chinese Basketball Association and the NBA, and gradually turned sports-related issues into politics- and business-related issues. Chinese NBA fans made the Chinese, American, and overseas public spheres overlap and contributed to the formation of a transnational public sphere. Therefore, the international political debates went into a ‘spiral of silence’, and faded out with the success of the ‘American value’. With globalization, sports inevitably intertwine with the transnational public sphere, so long as political conflicts continue. However, the globalization of sports ought to stress diversity and multiculturalism and remain uncontaminated by politics.