Chinese Airports Research Articles

Applied Technology in Robust Optimization Model for Airport Flow Allocation

To solve the airport arrival and departure flow allocation problem under the condition of uncertain capacity, one of robust optimization methods was applied. Applied technology in Robust Optimization Model with the aim to minimize expected delayed flights at certain robustness level was proposed. The robustness factor constraint, airport capacity curve constraint, fix capacity constraint and airport capacity scenario constraint were included. To test how well the model would be in real world, a numerical test was performed based on the data of a Chinese international airport. Test results show that there is a negative relationship between expected delay flights and robustness level. Compared with typical model, Applied Technology in Robust Optimization Model proposed achieves better effect at the same robustness level.

Efficiency measurement of Chinese airports with flight delays by directional distance function

This paper employs directional distance function to evaluate the technical efficiency of twenty major Chinese airports from 2006 to 2009 within a joint production framework of desirable and undesirable output (i.e. flight delays). The results indicate that the overall average efficiencies of Chinese airports increased over the period of time. The international hub airports are found to operate at higher efficiency level, which indicates that these airports run well in producing more desirable outputs and controlling flight delays. Although the average efficiency score of listed airports is higher than non-listed ones, the difference between the two group is statistically insignificant. A comparison between the results without and with flight delays show that several airports experienced significant changes in their efficiency scores after considering undesirable output.

Research on the Flight Delay Model and Calculation of the Airport`s Punctuality Rate

With the rapid development of Chinese economy, flight delay happen frequently in many airports. Now, there is an error point in China civil aviation system that is they are all seem to hope expansion airspace to enhance capacity to solving this problem. But in fact, airline company`s service confusion leading to the airspace`s low-effective using is the major cause of delay. Only the more effective using of the existing airspace, the more benefit. This paper analyses the reasons of flight delay, explores the relation of flight delay and air traffic movements mainly, uses the analytical model to calculate the China three major airports ` punctuality rate under the condition of service level reaching the international level, which is higher than the actual data. The result shows that the service quality is the leading cause of influencing punctuality rate. Only improving the service standard, Chinese airports` flight delay can be solved effectively.

Jet Blast Resistance Experiment of Engineered Material Arresting System

Engineered materials could arrest aircrafts rushing out of runway, but its fragile and can be easily damaged by jet blast exhausted by taking off aircraft nearby. Engineered material unit coating and encapsulation were described in this paper, and a jet blast resistance experiment is designed to quantitatively measure the units resistant capability. In this experiment, a test bed built by units will receive a taking-off Boeing 737-300 aircrafts jet blast for over 60 seconds. The test order decreased distance from aircraft tail to the test bed. And the predicted air velocity and temperature was calculated through aircrafts characteristics contour. All the design made the experiment high reliable and economical. Experimental result indicated that the nearest distance from the test bed to aircraft tail could be 15 meters, and this experiment result has already been used for design of the arresting system in a Chinese civil airport.

Evaluating the performance of Chinese airports

This paper assesses whether geographical characteristics and service strategies influence the performance of Chinese airports. It examines the technical efficiency of 41 Chinese airports in 2008; with data envelopment analysis then regressed on environmental factors. The results show that airports located in cities with populations of more than two million are more efficient than those for other city sizes. Further, airports that are able to accommodate A380 or Boeing 747 aircraft are operationally more efficient than other categories, and airports' efficiency improves with the number of airlines using them. The distance between an airport and the local central business district, however, does not significantly affect its performance.

Dynamic formation mechanism of airport competitiveness: The case of China

With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the demand of air transportation has increased enormously and airports are facing intensive competition, so the issue of how to enhance airport competitiveness has attracted serious concern of the public. The formation mechanism of airport competitiveness is very complex and the research is insufficient on this topic. In this paper, index system of airport competitiveness is built from four aspects: Regional Development, Production Factors, Demand Conditions and Support Industry. Dynamic formation mechanism of airport competitiveness is studied through Structure Equation Model as well as System Dynamic with the historical data of 25 Chinese airports from 2006 to 2010. Then the influencing mechanism of some important influencing factors is analyzed with the help of Vensim software, which verifies the rationality of the model. The results show that airport investment and city R&D inputs are the two most important influencing factors of airport competitiveness, which could provide guidance for decision makers on airport competitiveness cultivation.

Prediction of Airport Energy Consumption Using a Hybrid Grey Neural Network Model

Prediction and control of airport energy consumption plays an important role in promoting energy saving and emission reduction in the civil aviation industry. In view of the complexity and nonlinearity of energy consumption system, as well as a small number of airport energy consumption data, this study develops a hybrid grey neural network model, which organically combines GM (1, 1) model and BP neural network in parallel and series connections, on the basis of analysis of main prediction methods. With energy consumption data from one Chinese airport for the whole year 2010, this study analyzes and compares different prediction results using different models through matlab. It shows that the hybrid model has a better accurate prediction, and its prediction accuracy can be controlled within 7%.

Analysis of the Chinese air route network as a complex network

The air route network, which supports all the flight activities of the civil aviation, is the most fundamental infrastructure of air traffic management system. In this paper, we study the Chinese air route network (CARN) within the framework of complex networks. We find that CARN is a geographical network possessing exponential degree distribution, low clustering coefficient, large shortest path length and exponential spatial distance distribution that is obviously different from that of the Chinese airport network (CAN). Besides, via investigating the flight data from 2002 to 2010, we demonstrate that the topology structure of CARN is homogeneous, howbeit the distribution of flight flow on CARN is rather heterogeneous. In addition, the traffic on CARN keeps growing in an exponential form and the increasing speed of west China is remarkably larger than that of east China. Our work will be helpful to better understand Chinese air traffic systems.

The implications of the re-establishment of direct links across the Taiwan Strait on the aviation industries in Greater China

This paper investigates the economic implications of the liberalization of air transportation across the Taiwan Strait to the region's aviation industries. Our analysis suggests that (1) liberalization has brought substantial benefits to airports and airlines in Mainland China and Taiwan. Negative impacts to Hong Kong are largely compensated by traffic increase in routes linking Mainland China. (2) In general, Taiwanese airports and airlines have benefited more from liberalization compared to airports and airlines on the mainland and Hong Kong. Such asymmetric effect is due to the larger size of the Mainland Chinese aviation market, which allows Taiwanese airlines to exploit network-related benefits. (3) Our investigation suggests that foreign hub carriers and medium sized Chinese airports will benefit most from China's future liberalizations.

Evaluating the technical efficiency of Chinese airport airside activities

This paper evaluates the technical efficiency of 37 Chinese airport airsides. We introduce take-off distance available, landing distance available, and aircraft-parking position as inputs into the efficiency evaluation. This study also estimates the input excess and output shortfalls. Benchmarks are identified for those technically inefficient airsides.

Comparative Analysis of Efficiency for Major Northeast Asia Airports

AbstractGrowing airport capacity constraint, airports' increasing attention to profits, and regional hub formation in Northeast Asia suggest a need to study efficiency performance of the region's major airports. This article empirically evaluates the level and change of efficiency (productivity) of Tokyo (Narita), Osaka (Kansai), Seoul (Incheon and Gimpo), Beijing Capital, Shanghai Hongqiao, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong airports. We apply data envelopment analysis (DEA) to new panel data covering the 1994-2007 time period. We find that all the sample airports have recorded an increase in productivity over the period. Given the initial low productivity level of Chinese airports, this finding suggests that a series of deregulatory measures adopted by the Chinese government may have worked in improving airport productivity. On the other hand, no sample airports have experienced consistent growth in productivity. To improve productivity, the airports in Northeast Asia need not only technological revolutions at the industry level, but also technical improvements, such as better airport management, operations, and investment, at an airport level. Alternatively, the region may need to adopt more aggressive liberalization measures to stimulate further traffic growth. A number of future research areas are also discussed.

Comparative Analysis of Efficiency for Major Northeast Asia Airports

Abstract Growing airport capacity constraint, airports' increasing attention to profits, and regional hub formation in Northeast Asia suggest a need to study efficiency performance of the region's major airports. This article empirically evaluates the level and change of efficiency (productivity) of Tokyo (Narita), Osaka (Kansai), Seoul (Incheon and Gimpo), Beijing Capital, Shanghai Hongqiao, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong airports. We apply data envelopment analysis (DEA) to new panel data covering the 1994-2007 time period. We find that all the sample airports have recorded an increase in productivity over the period. Given the initial low productivity level of Chinese airports, this finding suggests that a series of deregulatory measures adopted by the Chinese government may have worked in improving airport productivity. On the other hand, no sample airports have experienced consistent growth in productivity. To improve productivity, the airports in Northeast Asia need not only technological revolutions at the industry level, but also technical improvements, such as better airport management, operations, and investment, at an airport level. Alternatively, the region may need to adopt more aggressive liberalization measures to stimulate further traffic growth. A number of future research areas are also discussed.

A Study on the prospect of Sea & Air multi-transport in the perspective of international logistics environment

The positive and negative opinion to cargo demand of Incheon's SAMT in the near future remains cloudy. Considering port and shipping environmental changes and the logistics situation of China which explains the lack of facilities in Chinese airports, the creating of SAMT cargoes of the Incheon region could catches a favorable opportunity to be a logistics hub in the North-East Asia. On the other hand, as open-sky policy and direct-call service has been carried out between China and N.A.(North America), Incheon could cause a loss of competitiveness in SAMT because the enhancement in the aspect of the connectivity of Chinese airlines and shipping lines makes customer sent to last destination their cargoes whenever they want. In the same context, this paper analyses on conditions of domestic and international SAMT and proposes in this uncertainty future forecasting of SAMT of Incheon by scenario planning according to changes in integrated SAMT, measuring the likelihood of final scenario. This study shows the Sea & Air multi-transport volume will have either slight increase or decrease from the current condition. Consequently, RFS expansion and system & service improvement through strong ties with major cities in China will be required in a short run aspect. Nonetheless, we also need to take domestic & international transportation environment into account in the long run.

Evolution of Chinese airport network

With the rapid development of the economy and the accelerated globalization process, the aviation industry plays a more and more critical role in today’s world, in both developed and developing countries. As the infrastructure of aviation industry, the airport network is one of the most important indicators of economic growth. In this paper, we investigate the evolution of the Chinese airport network (CAN) via complex network theory. It is found that although the topology of CAN has remained steady during the past few years, there are many dynamic switchings inside the network, which have changed the relative importance of airports and airlines. Moreover, we investigate the evolution of traffic flow (passengers and cargoes) on CAN. It is found that the traffic continues to grow in an exponential form and has evident seasonal fluctuations. We also found that cargo traffic and passenger traffic are positively related but the correlations are quite different for different kinds of cities.

Research and Design of Hongqiao Airport Water Management Information System

According to the general planning requirements of Outside Management Center (OMC for short) of Hongqiao Airport and on the basis of water management business description, this paper divides three levels for the water information system management structure, designs the overall structure of the water information system, analyses the function of the system structure, and then applies the data mining technology in the layer of water management decision, finally gives data levels of data mining system. This project can provide reference and help to related Chinese airport’s planning and construction projects.

Using DNA barcodes to identify a bird involved in a birdstrike at a Chinese airport

One day at dusk in August, 200X, an airplane was struck by a bird at a Chinese airport (M Airport). After a careful check, some blades of the plane's engine were found to be out of shape and a few feathers and some bloodstains were found in the air intake of the engine. In order to know which species of bird was involved in the birdstrike, firstly we extracted DNA from the bloodstains; secondly, the DNA barcode (portion of COI gene) of the unknown species was amplified by PCR method; thirdly, sequence divergences (K2P differences) of the DNA barcode between the unknown species and a library of 59 common bird species distributed at the airport area were analyzed. Furthermore, a neighbor-joining (NJ) tree based on COI barcodes was created to provide graphic representation of sequence divergences among the species to confirm the identification. The result showed that red-rumped swallow (Hirundo daurica) was involved in the birdstrike incident. Some suggestions to avoid birdstrikes caused by red-rumped swallows were given to the administrative department of M Airport to ensure flying safety.

COMPETITIVE POSITION OF PRIMARY AIRPORTS IN THE ASIA‐PACIFIC RIM

AbstractThis paper measures and compares the network performance and hub competitive position of primary airports in the Asia‐Pacific rim, taking into account the quantity and quality of both direct and indirect connections. The results reveal that Tokyo has the best network performance and hub competitive position. The most striking growth of network development is found at Chinese airports, while network performance deteriorates at Oceanian airports. Finally, the results show that the position of Oneworld and Star Alliance is stronger in this region, whereas SkyTeam has an innegligible position especially at Japanese airports, owing to the fifth and sixth freedom rights.

Analysis of Network Security and Risks Prevention Strategies of Hongqiao Airport West Terminal

The sharing and openness of network are convenient to the airport operations and passenger information inquiry, but also result in information security issues. In the design of Hongqiao Airport West Terminal network system, information security issues have been taken as important topics, and preventive strategies which aim at the specific circumstances have been formulated by comprehensive analyzing the causes of potential security hazard of airport network system security. This project can provide reference and help to related Chinese airport’s planning and construction projects.

Efficiencies and scope economies of Chinese airports in moving passengers and cargo

The paper looks at the technical efficiency of Chinese airports using multi-output stochastic input distance function analysis. This method provides a statistical test of scope economies to investigate the contribution of air cargo transport to airport efficiency. Our findings confirm the presence of scope economies in air passenger and air cargo transport among airports in China. We compare and contrast these results with results obtained from single-output stochastic production frontier analysis in which the effect of scope economies is not included. Our results indicate that the presence of scope economies significantly affects the estimation of technical efficiency, thus implying different efficiency rankings among airports in China.

Effects of competition and policy changes on Chinese airport productivity: An empirical investigation

This paper investigates the influence of competition and aviation policy reform (for example, the airport localization program and listing airports on stock markets) in China on the efficiency of Chinese airports. By using Data Envelopment Analysis, we estimate both the productivity level and its growth for 25 sample Chinese airports. After controlling for hub status and other airports' characteristics, we find that: (i) publicly listed airports are significantly more efficient than non-listed airports; (ii) airports with more competition are more efficient than their counterparts; (iii) the airports' efficiency and the technical progress are positively correlated with the airport localization program; and (iv) the impacts of open-skies agreements and airline mergers on the airports' efficiency are statistically insignificant.