Power Industry In China Research Articles

Study of magnetic resonance coronary angiography based on functional magnetic resonance imaging

China's economic development depends on the stable operation of power system. Whether in industry or agriculture, electric power resources have covered all aspects of people's production and life. In particular, China's economy is developing at a high speed, and the demand for power resources is increasing day by day. Based on this actual demand, this paper takes 35kV Transmission Line as an example to analyze its safe operation and maintenance in detail, aiming to provide reference scheme for China's power industry and promote the healthy and stable operation of China's transmission line.

Agent based simulation of centralized electricity transaction market using bi-level and Q-learning algorithm approach

The market participants face risks in market price fluctuations and uncertainties in the demand behaviour, regardless of the series of restructuring reforms of China power industry. To address this gap, the strategic pricing and bidding behaviour of generation and electricity selling enterprises in double-sided auctions of centralized electricity transaction market with elastic demand is examined. The market is modelled with two-level (Bi-level) mathematical optimization problem and Q-Learning algorithm. First, the upper level solves the profit maximization of the individual market players. Second, the lower level represents the market clearing at uniform transaction price by a market auctioneer using Lagrange relaxation method. Agent learning approach of Q-Learning algorithm is used to solve the two level mathematical problem. Both generation and electricity selling enterprises are modelled as Q-Learning agents with incomplete information about their counterparts. The simulation results show significant reduction in energy transaction price with the participation of flexible consumers in electricity market auctions, hence boosting the consumer savings. This study offers positive effects in reducing market prices in double-sided auction of electricity markets with elastic consumers using Q-learning algorithm as compared to a market with inelastic consumers.

Equilibrium strategy based policy shifts towards the integration of wind power in spot electricity markets: A perspective from China

As part of China's power industry reforms, developing appropriate market designs for the inclusion of renewable energy in the electricity spot market has been an ongoing challenge. This paper examined the effects of different market rules on wind power producer behavior to identify the policy implications for a renewable-friendly spot market, for which a market equilibrium model was developed to assess power transactions in the day-ahead and balancing markets, with the upper level being wind power producers seeking the best profits, and the lower level being the market clearing process to minimize generation costs. A case study is given, in which different scenarios are explored to assess the effects of bidding regulations and imbalance pricing mechanisms and to simulate the rising wind penetration in power systems. It was found that in the region modeled: more relaxed bidding regulations could provide wind producers incentives by allowing more profitable strategies; the imbalance pricing settings influence market results and producer revenues; and lower spot prices and power generation costs occur if a larger wind share was fed into the power system and could result in a unit revenue decline. Therefore, new policy directions are needed for the development of China's renewable-friendly electricity markets.

The SWOT Analysis and Countermeasure Research on the Development of Wind Power Industry in China

Under the dual pressures of conventional energy emergency and deterioration of the ecological environment, wind energy as a renewable clean energy is valued. Wind power has developed rapidly, and economic advantages have gradually become prominent. This paper analyses the development status of wind power industry in China, and the internal and external factors that affect the development of wind power industry are analyzed by using SWOT model. Research shows that the development of wind power industry is facing the bottleneck of independent research and development, technical barriers, benchmarking difficulties. This paper puts forward four strategies to get rid of the current dilemma and promote the healthy development of this industry, which is SO strategy— intensify the development, ST strategy— optimize the adjustment, WO strategy— handle the solutions to the toughest problems, WT strategy— strengthen the industrial development.

The Control System of Mountainous Multi-function Miniature Pile Drill WZFT

With the development of the power industry in China, in order to promote the further efficient and comprehensive development of the power industry in China, it is necessary to achieve precise mechanical automation in power engineering to meet the needs of the power industry in the new era, so that the level of automation of power machinery and equipment demand is higher and higher. Especially in the narrow, special field, mountain construction surface drilling operations of manpower and time cost of the project are heavier, to develop advanced first-class related drilling equipment is necessary, so as to improve the power industry punch into miniature pile operation automation level and efficiency, realize the equipment localization, To meet the requirements of high efficiency in the construction of power engineering, reduce the safety risk of construction personnel, greatly reduce the cost of the project, prevent soil erosion and protect the environment. The control system designed in this paper is to complete the power industry special multi-functional drilling equipment, to achieve the construction of drilling equipment used to drill into miniature piles, mainly through the open CAN bus control, and produced by Jiangxi Dongrui Machinery Co., Ltd., to achieve the control of high real-time and intelligence.

Water consumption and conservation assessment of the coal power industry in China

As the largest industrial water consumer in China, the coal power industry faces extreme pressure to balance its expansion and water shortage. Introducing non-coal power to replace coal power is universal knowledge to reduce water consumption, but the water conservation efforts and effects of the coal power industry itself are usually neglected or underestimated. This work aims to bring attention to the importance of the coal power industry’s own water conservation through a case study of China. A bottom-up province-level inventory that focuses on power-cycle water consumption in 2016 was developed, and how self-improvement measures improve this inventory from 2016 to 2020 is evaluated. The results show dynamically varied provincial water consumption intensities of the coal power industry with 0.52–1.85 L/kWh in 2016, which are expected to decrease by 0.04–0.27 L/kWh with a country’s total water conservation potential of 645 million m3 by 2020 thanks to self-improvement measures. The water conservation potential is almost equal to that from introducing non-coal power at 676 million m3. The considerable water conservation of self-improvement makes its effect after 2020 promising in coal-dominant provinces with high water consumption intensities of the coal power industry while introducing non-coal power may be preferred in other provinces.

Building an internationally competitive concentrating solar power industry in China: lessons from wind power and photovoltaics

ABSTRACT This article draws lessons from experiences of developing the photovoltaic (PV) and onshore wind power sectors in China for the development of Chinese Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) into an internationally competitive industry. We analyze the sectoral development with a framework that expands on the concept of lead markets, identifying factors that determine whether domestic industrial development paths may or may not generate export success. We find that the Chinese CSP sector has good potential for becoming internationally competitive because of a strong Chinese knowledge base, a clear eye for product quality, standard-setting, and a focus on the high-efficiency and large-storage technological routes most likely to see growing demand in future international markets. Chinese solar towers are already cheaper than international competitors and so far, appear reliable. However, continued and stable deployment support for CSP, designed to reward dispatchable solar power generation, enabling continued domestic learning-by-doing and -interacting is likely required to realize this export potential. To date, Chinese CSP policy has done many things right and, if the domestic market is maintained through renewed support, has put the Chinese industry well on the path to international competitiveness.

The influencing factors and hierarchical relationships of offshore wind power industry in China.

As a new and cost-effective renewable energy power generation technology, offshore wind power is getting more and more attention. The development of offshore wind power industry is affected by policy-making, technology management, resources and environment, market supply and demand, and the relationship among the influencing factors is complex. This paper analyzes the factors that affect offshore wind power industry from a unique and comprehensive perspective. Fourteen factors are selected and interpretative structural model (ISM) is established to study the relationship between the influencing factors of offshore wind power industry. The results show that 14 influencing factors can be divided into five levels: the first level is the surface factors, including the economic incentive policy, operation mechanism, industrial chain, energy market mechanism, investment, and financing mechanism; the second and third levels are the intermediate factors, including generation cost, operation management, and offshore wind power technology; the fourth and fifth levels are deep-seated factors, including development planning and grid price, site selection, R&D investment, environmental protection policy, and offshore wind power supply. Deep-seated factors have a direct impact on the intermediate factors, the intermediate factors have an important impact on the surface factors, and the surface factors directly affect the development of offshore wind power industry. The influence of the 14 factors selected in this paper on offshore wind power industry is from bottom to top, from deep to shallow.

Environmental regulation and energy investment structure: Empirical evidence from China's power industry

Investment structure optimization is important for achieving green development, and environmental regulation affects enterprises’ investment behavior significantly. This study divides environmental regulation into market-based and command-and-control policies. The latter is further divided into the formulation and implementation of policies. Using the Chinese power generation industry from 2007 to 2017 as a sample, we employ the system generalized method of moments (system GMM) to study the impact of environmental regulation on the energy investment structure and explore how differences in regions and environmental regulations affect the energy investment structure. The results show that although environmental regulation increased the proportion of investment in new energy power generation, different types and levels of environmental regulations affected investment in power generation differently. Stricter command-and-control environmental regulation policies at the formulation level increased the investment proportion of new energy power generation. However, the regional data show that different types and levels of environmental regulation affected the power generation investment structure in each region differently. Both command-and-control and market-based environmental regulation in China's central and western regions failed to play their role. Moreover, the implementation of command-and-control environmental regulation policies significantly influenced the direct increase in the proportion of new energy power generation in China's eastern region.

How Does the Efficiency of Value Realization on a Platform Influence Sustainability Transition? A Case of the Power Industry in China

In the era of the digital economy, for platform-based actors making a transition from one business field harmful for the sustainable development of society to a new field, their efficiency in value realization (EVR) has become inseparable from the digital platform used. The relationship between EVR on a platform and business transitions is a topic that has not been fully discussed, especially from the perspective of the platform service system. Also, few studies have explored transaction costs and opportunity costs using queuing theory. To fill these gaps and to inform transitions to sustainability, this paper applied a system dynamics method and proposed a framework for analyzing the relationship between EVR and the transition ratio. Findings suggest that improvements in the EVR lead to decreases in response time and may lead to an improved transition ratio. The ratio between EVR and the “entry rate” is important for predicting the transition ratio. However, preference, platform maturity, and the feedback of the transition ratio cause the effect of EVR to dynamically change. Based on this mechanism, the government can take incentive measures to maintain an acceptable transition ratio. For the power industry, the case simulated for this study, the transition can be improved by effectively transmitting a phasing-out policy for platforms and actors, and by guiding power exchange platforms to set reasonable rules, service levels, and growth rates.

Driving forces analysis of CO2 emissions from China's electric industry based on two-phase LMDI decomposition method

The electric power sector is the largest contributor of CO2 emissions in China. With an increasing concern about environment problems, it is essential to identify key factors that affect CO2 emissions from China's electric power industry so as to help the fossil fuel-based country reduce carbon emissions. For this purpose, the two-phase Logarithmic Mean Division Index (LMDI) decomposition method is presented in this paper. Covering the whole industry chain including power generation, transmission, and consumption, the two-phase LMDI decomposition model is constructed. Then, the influencing aspects are decomposed into ten driving factors, namely, (1) fossil energy power generation structure, (2) fossil energy consumption coefficient, (3) thermal power proportion, (4) power generation and consumption ratio, (5) transmission and distribution loss, (6) industrial power consumption intensity, (7) industrial structure, (8) per capita gross domestic product (GDP), (9) total population, and (10) resident power consumption intensity. Based on data from China statistical yearbook, China energy statistics yearbook, and China power statistics yearbook (2005–2017 edition), the decomposition calculation results show that the power generation and consumption ratio, industrial structure, resident power consumption intensity, per capita GDP, population size, and transmission and distribution loss factors are positive driving factors with contributions of 1.2%, 2.47%, 1.5%, 94.29%, 5.43%, and 4.64%, respectively. However, the fossil energy power generation structure, fossil energy consumption coefficient, thermal power proportion, and industrial power consumption intensity are negative driving factors with contribution rates of −0.34%, −21.72%, −9.85%, and −8.44%, respectively. According to the main effect factors identified, some corresponding measures are proposed to reduce carbon emissions from China's power industry.

Discussions on PV power Parity

China is the biggest coal country. However, China's power industry relies heavily on fossil energy, which seriously threatens China's energy security. It is unreasonable to use the current coal power price as a benchmark for parity. At present coal power price has not accounted for various emissions tax and the resource tax. so authentic parity must be fully included in resource costs and environmental costs. Fair pricing is the primary prerequisite for parity. Nowadays the biggest obstacle for the PV industry today is not technology, but the unreasonable price mechanism. The explore of photovoltaic electricity price as the benchmark electricity price can accelerate the development of the photovoltaic industry, can accelerate the green revolution of energy production, can also accelerate the construction of ecological civilization. Therefore, it is imperative to adopt PV power prices as a benchmark for parity in China as soon as possible.

Effect of the Digital Transformation of Power System on Renewable Energy Utilization in China

Renewable energy is the development direction of power system of China. To further boost the development of China's power industry, the digital transformation of the power is underway. This study examined the panorama of digital transformation of power system of China. Through analyzing the effect of digital transformation on renewable energy utilization, three business applications were identified: short-term prediction of renewable energy output, renewable energy equipment maintenance, and intelligent power-grid maintenance. The implementation process and effect of the three business applications are analyzed by using the data covering 2012-2019 from three aspects: the short-term prediction accuracy of renewable energy output, the reduction of the fault restoration mean time for renewable energy equipment to the industry average, the reduction ratio of the mean time of power grid fault restoration to the industry average, and the rate of renewable energy utilization. The results indicated that digital transformation boosted the efficiency of renewable energy utilization. Based on the findings, the following suggestions are proposed for improving the digital transformation of the power industry and thereby promoting renewable energy utilization: 1) the first is to emphasize the scale efficiency of digital application in the early stage of digitization and renewable energy development, and emphasize the technical performance of a digital application in the middle and later stages of development; 2) the second is to enhance data accuracy, such as meteorological data, historical data for renewable energy power stations, power equipment status data, and strengthen the application of algorithms and computational models; 3) the third suggestion is to improve the overall digitalization rate of the power industry.

Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Path for China's Power Industry

Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Path for China's Power Industry

Impacts of the coal resource tax on the electric power industry in China: A multi-regional comprehensive analysis

A coal resource tax is a common policy tool for promoting rational exploitation and utilization of resources. This study establishes a co-optimization model for both electricity and coal that not only depicts the power dispatched at the micro temporal scale but also considers the capacity expansion that occurs at the macro temporal scale and the spatial dispatch of coal. Based on this model, we investigate the impact of the coal resource tax on China’s electric power industry from four perspectives: economic efficiency, generation portfolio, inter-regional energy dispatch, and environmental benefits. The results show that the current tax rate has a relatively limited impact on the power system. Increasing the tax rate will inhibit the construction of supercritical and ultra-supercritical units and accelerate the diffusion of solar PV, small hydropower, and nuclear units. At the regional level, East China is most affected by the change in the resource tax, and other northern provinces are affected to varying degrees. The coal resource tax has little impact on inter-regional power grid investment, but it does affect the utilization efficiency of existing lines and reduces the volume of almost all coal transportation routes. Thus, it is necessary to consider the relationship between various policies and plans during decision-making.

Research on the Key Technologies of the Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things

With the rapid development of social economy in China, the demand for electric power resources for all the industries is increasing, and it also puts forward higher requirements for the development and operation of electric power industry. In this context, the power industry is also constantly using new technologies for positive and efficient innovation. The Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things is a new technology. In the practical application, the Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things mainly relies on electronic information technology, uses the big clouds move wisdom and other network means to combine with the power system to ensure the power production and the user’s connection more closely and to implement the one-stop service and the management for the user and so on. The construction and application of the Ubiquitous Electric Internet of Things can speed up the development of electric power industry in China, and realize the far-reaching development of electric power industry, so it is of practical significance to study its key technologies.

The impact of removing cross subsidies in electric power industry in China: Welfare, economy, and CO2 emission

There are cross subsidies in China's power industry and there is a gap between supply cost and the sales price of electricity to residents and enterprises. Enterprises pay for part of residents' electricity bills. As cross subsidies always have been criticized, this paper simulates counterfactual scenarios of removing cross subsidy by applying a dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium model. Based on the scenario analysis, the elimination of cross subsidy will have positive impact on economic performance, but negative on CO2 mitigation, industrial structure, and social welfare. Eliminating cross subsidies can reduce commodity prices, improve the competitiveness of enterprises, especially power-intensive enterprises. However, China is somehow an export-oriented country. Only a part of the benefits of the decrease in the product price is obtained by domestic households. Maybe removing cross subsidies is not a good policy in this kind of countries. However, under the background of power system reform, cross subsidy may not last long, and the price will not be regulated. With the marketization of electricity trading, appropriate imposed environmental tax or carbon tax will be more conducive to China's low-carbon development.

A cooperative game analysis for the allocation of carbon emissions reduction responsibility in China's power industry

Abstract The allocation of carbon emissions reduction responsibility (CERR) is a fundamental step to carbon emissions trading (CET) market. In China's power industry, regions with divergent power generation efficiencies and energy structures are connected by a nationwide power grid, causing shifts in carbon emissions. We construct a graph restricted cooperative game model for the allocation of CERRs among regions by proposing a novel characteristic function to describe possible minimal carbon emissions in which power generation is prioritized by efficiency. We employ the Myerson value as the solution of the game to capture the structure of the power grid and the power transmission. Our results indicate the following: (1) Power producing regions with high ratio of clean energy such as “Southwest” and “Sichuan and Chongqing” obtain negative shares of CERR. This provides an incentive for them to contribute to carbon emissions reduction. (2) Large power consumers such as “East” and “Bohai Rim” should take larger CERRs because they transfer carbon emissions to the power producing regions. (3) The role of a region in the power transmission network is an important factor in allocating CERR. This study provides insightful policy implications for the construction of a CET market in China's power industry.

Environmental effects evaluation of photovoltaic power industry in China on life cycle assessment

Along with the rapid development of Photovoltaic (PV) power industry, it is critical to evaluate its environmental effects based on life-cycle assessment, both of carbon emissions and carbon reduction. However, there are few studies focusing on the this issue. And almost all of the existing a few researches employ the carbon emission factor of the whole life-cycle for carbon emission calculation, and do not take distinctions between sub-stages into consideration. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate carbon emissions of PV power industry based on sub-stages in life-cycle, and evaluate environmental effects of China’s PV power industry during 2012–2017. Especially, carbon emission results utilizing the carbon emission factor of the whole life-cycle and sub-stages are compared. It is revealed that PV power industry’s carbon emission of China is increasing steadily, and using carbon emission factor of the whole life-cycle could neglect 90.77% of carbon emissions compared to using carbon emission factor of sub-stages. Furthermore, China’s PV power industry plays a negative role in reducing carbon emissions, with total net carbon reduction of −64.88 × 109 kg carbon dioxide equivalent. Among six power grids, only northwestern and southern power grid make positive contribution in reducing carbon emissions, while the other four power grids make negative contribution in reducing carbon emissions. This study provides expressive evidences for policy makers and investors to balance the role PV power played.

Competitiveness of the wind power industry in China: An analysis based on the extended Diamond Model

Over more than 30 years of development, China has become the unquestionable leader in the global wind power industry. Despite the fact that China has outperformed other countries in terms of installed capacity, it currently faces a number of challenges, such as the low utilization rate of onshore wind power and the inability to smoothly connect large-scale wind power to the power grid, which represents the industry's biggest bottleneck. This study employs the extended Diamond Model to examine the competitiveness of China's wind power industry as well as to identify its weaknesses and areas for improvement. The results suggest that digitalization, smart technology, and the Belt and Road initiative have brought new opportunities to China's wind-power producers. China's wind power industry has strong competitiveness in the basic factors of resource endowment, demand, enterprise strategy, related and supporting industry, and government policy support, but it needs to be improved and perfected with regard to market-oriented systems and mechanisms, core technology research and development, grid connection technology, and power grid construction. Then, a series of policy implications have been proposed, which will help China to realize the transition from a “big wind-power producer” to a “strong wind-power producer.”