This paper by the following five areas: domestic resources and support capabilities, domestic production and supply capacity, international market ability to obtain national emergency regulation capacity, environmental security and ability to control to select the reserve-production ratio of the energy reserves replacement rate, the share of production, self-sufficiency ratethe share of imports, the price, the level of reserves, consumption intensity, carbon emissions, and clean energy proportion of 10 indicators, and finally design evaluation index system of energy security. It canbe description of the energy security overall situation by the energy safety index that calculated by weighted composite model.The results show that the energy security index the higher the value, the more secure the energy situation. The evaluation shows that under a realistic scenario, China's energy security degrees an average of 0.7125, which in the "basic security" state. If proper development planning, and effective measures, by the 2020, 2030, Energy Security degrees maybe to 0.8411,0.8477 into the "safe" range. Case of the international community for the implementation of energy blockade in China, China's energy security may be reduced to 0.5520 "unsafe" level.