Chief Editor:Toshisada Nishida, Japan Monkey Centre, JapanDeputy Chief Editors:Kazuhiko Hosaka, Kamakura Womenʼs University, JapanMichio Nakamura, Kyoto University, JapanAssociate Editors:Christophe Boesch, Max-Planck Institute, GermanyJane Goodall, Jane Goodall Institute, USATakayoshi Kano, Kyoto University, JapanTetsuro Matsuzawa, Kyoto University, JapanWilliam C. McGrew, University of Cambridge, UKJohn C. Mitani, University of Michigan, USAVernon Reynolds, Budongo Forest Project, UKYukimaru Sugiyama, Kyoto University, JapanRichard W. Wrangham, Harvard University, USAEditorial Secretaries:Noriko Itoh, Kyoto University, JapanKoichiro Zamma, Hayashibara GARI, JapanAgumi Inaba, Japan Monkey Centre, JapanInstructions for Authors: Pan Africa News publishes articles, notes, reviews, forums, news, essays, book reviews, letters to editor, and classified ads (restricted to non-profit organizations) on any aspect of conservation and research regarding chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bilias (Pan paniscus). Contributors are requested to write in English and the papers except forums, reviews and essays should usually be 1,500 words or less. Articles and notes will be peer-reviewed by at least one appropriate expert on request of the PAN editorial staff.Manuscripts should be formatted as DOC or RTF files and submitted by e-mail to: pan.editor@gmail.comPhotos and figures should be formatted as JPEG or GIF files and sent separately by e-mail attachments.PAN is published twice a year in June and December. Deadline for manuscripts is one month before publication (i.e. the ends of May and November).