Teeth In Children Research Articles

Regional Epidemiological Study on the Dental Status of the First Permanent Molar in Romanian Schoolchildren.

Background/Objectives: Dental caries remains a significant public health challenge in Romania, with recent studies reporting a prevalence of 40% in children's permanent teeth, with 90% of cases untreated. This study aimed to evaluate the dental status of the first permanent molars in children aged 11-12 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 12 months at the Integrated Center for Dental Medicine in Târgu Mureș and two private clinics in Transylvania. A total of 516 children, aged 11-12 years, were examined using the ICDAS II classification. Data on carious lesions and dental treatments performed were collected. Results: Of the 2064 first permanent molars examined, 57.99% had carious lesions, fillings, or extractions, while 41.28% were free from caries. Among the affected molars, 41.71% had untreated caries, 9.30% were filled, and 6.25% were sealed. Boys showed a significantly higher prevalence of advanced lesions (ICDAS 4-6) compared to girls. Caries predominantly affected the pits and fissures (87.46%). Conclusions: This study reveals a high prevalence of carious lesions in first permanent molars and a low rate of treatment. The findings emphasize the need for improved oral health education, increased access to dental care, and the development of national strategies to prevent and treat dental caries in children.

A Comparison Between Parents with Different Attitudes Towards Topical Fluoride Application for Their Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Although fluoride is known to be effective and safe, an increasing number of parents refuse to allow fluoride applications for their children. This study aimed to compare the parents who accepted and rejected fluoride application for their children in terms of their attitudes toward fluoride and vaccinations, sociodemographic characteristics, and source of knowledge. In this cross-sectional study, a previously validated questionnaire was administered to 85 parents who did not consent to have topical fluoride applied to their children's teeth (AF group) and the 143 parents who consented to have it applied (F group) in a pediatric dentistry clinic. Data were analysed using the independent t-test and chi-squared test. In the F group, the number of those who disagreed with the statement that fluoride causes intellectual disability, autism, and damages the pineal gland was statistically significantly higher than in the AF group (p 0.05). The most common source of information for the AF group was the internet/social media (67.06%), while for the F group, it was dentists/medical doctors (62.24%). More parents in the F group stated that childhood and Covid-19 vaccinations must be performed; this was a statistically significant difference (p 0.05). No relationship was found between fluoride hesitancy and the educational level of the parents. Most parents in the AF group have doubts and concerns about fluoride rather than being strongly opposed to it. Therefore, educational programs given to parents are likely to have a positive effect on their acquisition of correct information.

Oral Hygiene in Children with Autism: Teaching Self-Toothbrushing via Behavioural Intervention Including Parents.

Children on the autism spectrum experience more oral hygiene issues than peers, and tooth-brushing behavior seems particularly challenging for them since it includes diverse skills and collaboration. In this study, the efficacy is explored of a behavioral intervention mediated by staff and parents in teaching self-brushing teeth in eight autistic children. First, we wanted to examine whether the intervention improved self-brushing teeth skills in a short-term period. Second, we evaluated the long-term outcomes of the intervention. Finally, we analyzed the individual differences which might predict better outcomes. The training started during an ABA summer school with a supervised behavioral staff and lasted for eight sessions. The training package included several behavioral procedures such as prompting, fading, task analysis, chaining, differential reinforcement, direct instructions, visual aids, pictograms, and video modeling. According to a pre-and post-test design, we measured the frequency of independent self-brushing behaviors and interviewed the parents about the hygiene routines. The results indicate a significant improvement in children's self-brushing teeth behavior and maintenance, where 33.7% of the steps were achieved by children at baseline and 77.5% at post-training, and with four children, 100%. The parent questionnaires reported significant improvement in autonomy of self-brushing and times a day dedicated to oral hygiene. The severity of symptoms, sensory hypersensitivity, and lower IQ levels of the children negatively correlated with the outcome. These results point to relevant practical suggestions for families and clinical staff to address oral hygiene in the autism population.

Teeth Structure Analysis of Primary Teeth in Children with Congenital Heart Disease (Ventricular Septal Defect) in Erbil City

Teeth Structure Analysis of Primary Teeth in Children with Congenital Heart Disease (Ventricular Septal Defect) in Erbil City

Exploring and enhancing the accessibility of children's oral health resources (called HABIT) for high risk communities.

Within the city of Bradford in West Yorkshire, South Asian and Eastern European communities have an increased risk of childhood tooth decay, especially among families with Limited English Proficiency. Tooth decay is preventable, with national guidelines advocating home-based behaviours (toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and reducing sugar intake). In England, Health Visitors have opportunities to undertake oral health conversations during universal visits for children aged 0-24 months. The HABIT (Health visitors delivering Advice in Britain on Infant Toothbrushing) intervention provides structured oral health conversations, underpinned by complex intervention methodology. A feasibility study found HABIT acceptable to parents, feasible to deliver and led to improvements in home-based behaviours. However, the reach of this original study was limited to those proficient in English. This new study focused on exploring and enhancing the accessibility of the HABIT intervention to parents with Limited English Proficiency. Twenty-four parents participated in interviews and focus groups, with 21 requesting support from interpreters. Community centres and WhatsApp were used to maximise inclusivity. Interviews and focus groups, followed a topic guide and the "Think Aloud" technique, were professionally transcribed, managed in NVivo, and thematically analysed. Team discussions facilitated analytical rigour. Recruitment continued until data saturation. Three themes were developed: (1) Navigating linguistic barriers; (2) Engagement through visuals; and (3) Addressing oral health challenges. Parents employed diverse strategies to interpret resources, including Google Translate, as well as family and wider community members. Consequently, the HABIT resources were modified to include simple text, subtitles, and translation tools. Parents highlighted the benefits of shorter oral health messages with clear visuals to help understanding, and this strategy was applied across all resources. Challenges surrounding children's resistance to toothbrushing, high sugar intake within their wider families and communities, and limited dental access were all raised. The HABIT resources were updated to address these challenges. Collaborative community engagement has enhanced the HABIT resources, enabling access for high-risk communities to preventive oral-health programmes thereby promoting health equity.

Survival of Silver Diamine Fluoride Varnish Treated Teeth among Children with Single/Multiple Applications: A Split-mouth Randomized Clinical Trial.

Utilizing 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been demonstrated in clinical trials to prevent and halt early childhood caries (ECC). Based on a research evaluation, it has been found that 38% SDF can effectively prevent new tooth decay and stop existing tooth decay in children's primary teeth. This study aimed to assess the survival of teeth treated with repeated applications of 38% SDF in children with ECC and to compare the outcomes between single and multiple applications. A split-mouth, double-blind, active-control, parallel-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted following Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines. Children aged 4-5 years with bilateral ECC were recruited from a primary government school in Maharashtra, India. Treatment involved applying 38% SDF to carious lesions, with lesions randomized into two groups: single application and double application. Follow-ups were conducted at 6 and 12 months to assess lesion progression, depth, and survival. Eighty-four primary carious teeth from 42 female participants were included. Lesions were predominantly occlusal or proximal, with varying sizes and depths. After 12 months, 12 lesions failed in group I (single application) and 3 in group II (double application). The intergroup comparison of mean levels at 12 months showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01). Intragroup comparisons showed an increase in lesion depth and level from baseline to 6 months, with a subsequent rise from 6 to 12 months in group I. The mean survival rate of teeth after SDF application at the end of 12 months was around 94% for group II, while for group I it further decreased from 70 to 58%. Repeated applications of 38% SDF showed improved survival rates of teeth in children with ECC compared to single applications. Double application of SDF demonstrated superior efficacy in maintaining tooth survival over 12 months. Kharat PB, Rajpurohit L, Mathur A, et al. Survival of Silver Diamine Fluoride Varnish Treated Teeth among Children with Single/Multiple Applications: A Split-mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(11):1211-1218.

КЛИНИКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЛЕЧЕНИЯ КАРИЕСА ПОСТОЯННЫХ ЗУБОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ АДГЕЗИВНЫХ СИСТЕМ

Subject. Children's permanent teeth affected by caries at various stages of hard tissues mineralization. Objectives. To substsantiate the choice of various adhesive systems to treat dentine caries in permanent teeth with carious lesion of average intensity in incomplete and completed processes of hard dental tissues mineralization. Methodology. Clinical examination and treatment of 151 children (287 permanent teeth) for dentine caries (K02.1) aged 7 to 15 was carried out. Assessment of seals marginal integrity was carried out according to G. Ryge (1998) and using electrometric method. Results. In children's permanent teeth with incomplete processes of hard tissues mineralization, with total etching technology, unsatisfactory restorations frequency after 2 years was 21% and 57% with self-etching adhesive used. In group with total etching technology, electrical conductivity after 2 years was 42,8% lower than in that one with self- etching adhesive system. In children's permanent teeth with completed processes of hard tissues mineralization, unsatisfactory restorations frequency after 2 years was almost equal and amounted to 27% and 30%, respectively, in both groups with no significant differences in electrical conductivity rates. Conclusion. In children's permanent teeth with average carious process intensity and incomplete hard tissues mineralization processes there is a denser adhesive compound with total etching technology and in permanent children’s teeth with completed hard tissues mineralization processes there are no significant differences in marginal adhesion of fillings to dental tissues when self-etching adhesive technology of total etching is used.

Evaluation of ultrasonic and mechanical methods for assessing dentin demineralization in children's permanent teeth in vitro

Relevance. With the advent of advanced methods for functional diagnostics, dentists have gained new opportunities for detecting carious lesions. However, the diagnostic sensitivity of these methods requires further investigationPurpose. To evaluate the condition of intact and demineralized dentin in children's permanent teeth using both ultrasonic and mechanical methods.Materials and methods. Divided cross-section" models were created from premolars extracted from children for orthodontic purposes. After a 20-day exposure to a demineralizing buffer solution with a pH of 4.5, both the intact and demineralized dentin cross-sections were tested using ultrasonic and mechanical methods.Results. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean ultrasonic signal speed C between two independent sample groups: intact dentin (Group 1) and demineralized dentin (Group 2), based on Mann-Whitney U-test calculations (p = 0.01). In Group 2, the mean value of C was 27% lower compared to Group 1. Additionally, significant differences were found in the mean ultimate strength σ between two independent groups: intact dentin (Group 3) and demineralized dentin (Group 4), with Group 4 showing a 29.5% reduction in the mean σ value, according to Mann-Whitney U-test calculations (p = 0.01).Conclusion. Demineralization leads to significant changes in both the ultrasonic and mechanical properties of dentin. Statistical analysis of the laboratory test results using the "divided cross-section" model supports the effectiveness and diagnostic sensitivity of the methods applied for evaluating the extent of dentin demineralization.

“The Study Of Eruption Of Teeth In Children From Birth To 12 Years Of Age In Western Maharashtra Region.”

Human beings show 2 sets of dentition- deciduous and permanent2. Variation of tooth has been an enduring interest to clinical practitioner as well as from anthropological and forensic point of view7 . These variations in the form of teeth are characteristics of race, are of anthropological, genetic and forensic interest.2,7hence studies have been done using teeth for age, sex determination1,8 . As existing eruption schedule of dentition is based on western population this study is done in western Maharashtra region to find out variation in time number, form and pattern of eruption in deciduos and permanent teeth as well as in males and females.

Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear Among 12-Year-Old Hong Kong Children

ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the dental caries, erosive tooth wear status, and oral health-related habits of 12-year-old Hong Kong children. MethodsThis cross-sectional survey recruited 12-year-old children using clustered random sampling from three main districts. The trained examiner examined the children's caries status using the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization and recorded their caries experience using the decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT) index. The children's tooth wear status was determined using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. Their oral hygiene practice was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. ResultsWe recruited 445 children and 396 children participated (response rate: 89%). Their mean DMFT was 0.29 ± 0.73. Seventy children (18%, 70/396) had caries experience (DMFT > 0) and they had 116 teeth suffered from caries. Among these 116 carious teeth, 75 teeth (65%, 75/116) were filled (FT), one tooth (1%, 1/116) was extracted (MT), and 40 teeth (34%, 40/116) were carious (DT). Five children had more than one decayed tooth (DT > 1), and one child had the highest number of decayed teeth (DT) at 4. BEWE results showed 284 (72%, 284/396) children had no erosive tooth wear (BEWE = 0). No child had severe erosive tooth wear (BEWE = 3). However, children consuming lemon tea or lemonade and vitamin C drinks 3 times a week or more showed significantly higher BEWE scores. Additionally, 380 (96%, 380/396) children brushed their teeth daily and 116 children (29%, 116/396) flossed their teeth. ConclusionMost 12-year-old Hong Kong children had neither caries experience nor tooth wear, and their oral health-related habits were satisfactory. SignificanceThis study updated the caries status of the permanent dentition of 12-year-old Hong Kong children. The information offers updated oral health data for the local, regional, and global authorities for planning effective public health programmes to improve the oral health of children.

Oral Health Literacy and Patient Education Practices Among Non-Dental Professionals in Chongqing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND Preventing oral diseases is a critical aim in maintaining general health. Non-dental professionals (NDPs) should understand oral health-related knowledge to help patients maintain oral and general health. We investigated the oral health knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of NDPs regarding patient education and intersectoral collaborations for oral health. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this cross-sectional study, a web-based questionnaire of 36 questions was designed to collect characteristics, oral health knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of spreading oral health knowledge. A total of 406 NDPs, including 166 doctors and 240 nurses, at 3 randomly selected hospitals in Chongqing, China, were included. Data were collected electronically and statistically analyzed using the chi-square test. RESULTS Only 35.96% and 39.41% of respondents disagreed with "extraction can cause loosening of adjacent tooth" and "tooth loss is a natural part of aging", respectively. Of the respondents, 92.12% were aware of oral healthcare needs before pregnancy; 67.48% agreed with cleaning the gums before the eruption of children's teeth; only 57.14% and 56.16% knew the start time of dental cleaning for children and the relatively safe period of dental treatment for pregnant women, respectively; 73.40% of respondents were interested in oral health knowledge, and they mainly consulted dental professionals; 95.56% agreed with intersectoral collaborations for oral health; and 68.47% thought to conduct oral health education in the future. CONCLUSIONS NDPs knew about common oral health knowledge; however, the oral healthcare knowledge for special groups was insufficient. NDPs should improve their ability to educate the public on oral health and establish intersectoral collaborations.

Tooth brushing time table media as an effort to increase the independence of brushing teeth in preschool children

Background: Based on the Basic Health Research in 2018, in Banten province, the population who have dental problems in the form of damaged teeth, cavities or pain in the 3 - 4 year old group with a percentage of 36.4% and the 3 - 4 year old group who do tooth brushing care with the correct time is only 1.1%. Therefore, it is necessary to provide dental health education to children using methods and learning media that are tailored to child development. One of the methods used is by monitoring toothbrushing using toothbrush time table media. Objective: analyzing toothbrush time table media as an effort to increase the independence of brushing teeth in preschool children Methods: This study used a quasi experiment with pretest and post test design, conducted on 77 students as respondents obtained using the total sampling technique. The type of data used is primary data, which is data obtained directly by measuring the level of children's tooth brushing independence. The instrument used was a tooth brushing independence checklist sheet. Results: The results of the study before and after using the toothbrush time table media on 77 respondents, with the category needing guidance as many as 64 students (83.1%), became excellent toothbrushing independence as many as 60 students (77.9%), and the mean of toothbrushing independence with the results of 47.9, namely the category needing guidance changed to 87.9 with an excellent category, with independence p-value of 0.001 (p <0.05). Conclusion: The tooth brushing time table media can increase the independence of tooth brushing in preschool children

Factors related to parents' perceptions of oral health for children with Down syndrome in Japan.

To evaluate the perceptions of parents on general health, oral health, and dental care for children with Down syndrome (DS), and to investigate factors related to parents' perceptions of oral health. An online questionnaire survey was conducted of parents of children with DS. Forty-three percent and 81% of the parents rated their child's oral health and general health as good, respectively. Parent-rated oral health was strongly associated with general health, followed by the parents' satisfaction with their child's dentist, halitosis, difficulty in dental examination, and the number of times they helped their child with toothbrushing. Seventy-seven percent of the parents were satisfied or rather satisfied with their child's dentist. The parents expected the dentist to reassure their child and to be specialized in the treatment of persons with disabilities. Seventy-three percent of the parents brushed their child's teeth at least once a day, and 92% brushed their own teeth at least twice a day. The number of times the parents brushed their own teeth was strongly associated with the frequency of brushing their child's teeth. General health, a trusting relationship with the dentist, and parental perceptions of oral hygiene affect parent-rated oral health of children with DS.

In Vitro Fracture Strength of Primary Canine Teeth Reinforced With Prefabricated and Customized Fiber-Reinforced Post Systems.

The demand for esthetics has increased in today's worldand most parents prefer to preserve their children's primary anterior teeth until their natural exfoliation. However, an intracanal post is required to provide retention for reconstruction of severely damaged anterior teeth due to caries or trauma. Various materials and methods may be used for the fabrication of intracanal posts. This study assessed the fracture strength and fracture mode of primary canine teeth reconstructed with prefabricated and customized polyethylene and glass fiber posts. This in vitro study evaluated 60 extracted primary canine teeth in four groups (n = 15). After pulpectomy and post space preparation with 4 mm depth, composite resin post, prefabricated glass fiber post (Whitepost), customized glass fiber post (Interlig), or customized polyethylene fiber post (Ribbond) were placed in the root canals to provide retention, and the tooth crown was restored with bulk-fill composite resin. The fracture strength was then measured in a universal testing machine. The fracture mode was also evaluated visually. The mean fracture strength was 22.45 ± 5.06, 33.10 ± 8.5, 30.20 ± 7.33, and 32.61 ± 5.73 N/mm2 in the composite resin post, Whitepost, Interlig, and Ribbond groups, respectively. The fracture strength was significantly lower in the composite group than in the remaining three groups (p = 0.000). No other significant differences were found (p > 0.05).Also, no significant difference was observed among the study groups in the fracture mode (p = 0.241). The composite resin post yielded a significantly lower fracture strength than the prefabricated and customized glass and polyethylene fiber posts, but the fracture mode was not significantly different among the four groups.

Are there any limits to the dental treatment of children?

The objective of this paper is to describe and discuss the most commonly occurring limits in care provision between a dentist and a child, i.e. provider and recipient. The study was conducted online in the form of an anonymous questionnaire survey. We were looking for dentists to answer two basic modeled situations during the treatment of deciduous teeth (filling and extraction) in 4-year-old and 8-year-old children. Each modeled situation had 9 possible clinical scenarios. The age was chosen to factor the cooperation of a preschool- and a school-age child. The experience gained through clinical practice and the number of treated children show to be fundamental for the treatment of child's deciduous teeth and for the selection of a treatment method. Dentists acquire sufficient knowledge through their education in the faculties of medicine. The limit is the child itself, therefore it is desirable to build specialised centres for their treatment.

The Effectiveness of Video Tutorials to Increase Knowledge and Practices of Brushing Teeth in Preschool Children (Study of Preschool Children at Putra Harapan and Dewi Sartika Kindergarten Tuban)

Preschool children are children aged between 3-6 years, at this age, children like to imagine that they have the strength to do any activities without help. During the development period, children will increase their independence to a greater extent. The stage of development that indicates independence is that they can brush their teeth without help. One effort to increase children's independence in brushing their teeth is by providing education about brushing their teeth using video tutorial media. Problem: Low knowledge and practices of brushing preschool children's teeth. Method: The type of research is pre-experimental with a pre-test and post-test Control Group Design, with a population of 38 preschool children. The data collection instrument used was an observation sheet. The data analysis technique uses the Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was a difference in the effectiveness of education using video tutorials to increase the knowledge and practices of brushing teeth in preschool children at Kindergarten Putra Harapan and Kindergarten Dewi Sartika Tuban after 21 days of observation. Conclusion: There was an increase in preschool children's knowledge and teeth-brushing practices before and after education using video tutorial media. There are differences in the effectiveness of education using video tutorials to increase the knowledge and practices of brushing teeth in preschool children.

Clinical Outcome Success of Silver-Modified Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (SMART) in Treating Children with Dental Caries in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review

Abstract Objective: A novel approach called silver-modified atraumatic restorative therapy (SMART) integrates glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations with silver diamine fluoride (SDF). This new method combines the ability of GIC to seal the tooth and sever the nutrition that bacteria require to proliferate, with the bactericidal power of SDF. The purpose of this review is to evaluate and compare the available data regarding the efficacy of the SMART approach in treating children's carious primary teeth. Materials and Methods: The earliest date accessible up until February 15, 2024, was thoroughly searched in databases including Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Lilacs, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review only comprised randomized controlled trials. The PICO strategy (P: Children with dental caries in primary teeth; I: SMART; C: Conventional drill and fill method or atraumatic restorative treatment [ART] therapy; O: Clinical success) was adopted. Risk of bias assessment and quality of evidence were assessed using the RoB-2 tool and GRADE tool, respectively. Results: Four full-text publications that met the eligibility criteria underwent additional processing for data extraction and qualitative analysis. In three studies, no difference was found in the clinical performance of SMART and conventional drill and fill/ART therapy, whereas in one study, the clinical performance of SMART was found to be better than the conventional ART therapy. Conclusion: SMART and conventional drill and fill/ART techniques have comparable clinical performance for carious primary teeth of children. SMART can be used to treat asymptomatic deep carious lesions as well as apprehensive children. However, the cost-effectiveness of SMART restorations needs to be investigated in a variety of demographics.

Multilevel Interventions and Dental Attendance in Pediatric Primary Care

Untreated tooth decay is disproportionately present among low-income young children. While American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines require pediatric clinicians to implement oral health care, the effectiveness of these oral health interventions has been inconclusive. To test the effectiveness of multilevel interventions in increasing dental attendance and reducing untreated decay among young children attending well-child visits (WCVs). The Pediatric Providers Against Cavities in Children's Teeth study is a cluster randomized clinical trial that was conducted at 18 pediatric primary care practices in northeast Ohio. The trial data were collected between November 2017 and July 2022, with data analyses conducted from August 2022 to March 2023. Eligible participants included Medicaid-enrolled preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years attending WCVs at participating practices who were enrolled at baseline (WCV 1) and followed-up for 2 consecutive examinations (WCV 2 and WCV 3). Clinicians in the intervention group received both the practice-level (electronic medical record changes to document oral health) and clinician-level (common-sense model of self-regulation theory-based oral health education and skills training) interventions. Control group clinicians received AAP-based standard oral health education alone. Dental attendance was determined through clinical dental examinations conducted by hygienists utilizing International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria and also from Medicaid claims data. Untreated decay was determined through clinical examinations. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach was used for both clinical examinations and Medicaid claims data. Eighteen practices were randomized to either intervention or control. Participants included 63 clinicians (mean [SD] age, 47.0 [11.3] years; 48 female [76.2%] and 15 male [23.8%]; 28 in the intervention group [44.4%]; 35 in the control group [55.6%]) and 1023 parent-child dyads (mean [SD] child age, 56.1 [14.0] months; 555 male children [54.4%] and 466 female children [45.6%]; 517 in the intervention group [50.5%]; 506 in the control group [49.5%]). Dental attendance from clinical examinations was significantly higher in the intervention group (170 children [52.0%]) vs control group (150 children [43.1%]) with a difference of 8.9% (95% CI, 1.4% to 16.4%; P = .02). The GEE model using clinical examinations showed a significant increase in dental attendance in the intervention group vs control group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.69). From Medicaid claims, the control group had significantly higher dental attendance than the intervention group at 2 years (332 children [79.6%] vs 330 children [73.7%]; P = .04) but not at 3 years. A clinically but not statistically significant reduction in mean number of untreated decay was found in the intervention group compared with controls (B = -0.27; 95% CI, -0.56 to 0.02). In this cluster randomized clinical trial, children in the intervention group had better dental outcomes as was evidenced by increased dental attendance and lower untreated decay. These findings suggest that intervention group clinicians comprehensively integrated oral health services into WCVs. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03385629.

Systematic Review of the Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Delayed Teething in Children and Infants

Background: In oral health, there has been an increasing focus on vitamin D (VD) levels. VD deficiency (VDD) is linked to a broad range of oral health issues during growth and maturity, and reduced VD synthesis may hasten the onset of some of these illnesses. Severe VDD in children can lead to poor tooth mineralization, which can lead to dentin and enamel abnormalities. Consequently, there's a chance that these flaws will raise the chance of dental caries developing and spreading. Objectives: This study's main goal was to determine how vitamin D insufficiency affects children's and newborns' delayed teething. Methodology: We conducted a thorough search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct to find pertinent literature. The Rayyan QRCI was utilized during the whole operation. Results: The timing of the eruption and the amounts of vitamin D were shown to be significantly correlated (P < 0.001). Compared to infants with sufficient-to-optimal values of 25(OH)D (≥50.0 nmol/L) at birth, children with vitamin D deficiency at birth showed greater dental ages, higher developmental stages of the mandibular second premolar, and higher developmental stages of the mandibular second molar. Furthermore, compared to children with appropriate levels of vitamin D, those with a deficiency were 2.5 times more likely to have delayed teething. Additionally, the usual teething group had a mean blood vitamin D level of 26.8 ng/mL, whereas the delayed teething group had a mean level of 20.3 ng/mL. Conclusion: Studies from Saudi Arabia, India, Brazil, the United States, and Egypt have all underlined the effect that vitamin D insufficiency has on delayed teething in newborns and children. These findings emphasize the significance of maintaining appropriate vitamin D levels for healthy dental development by showing a continuous link between low levels of the vitamin and delayed teething eruption. Moreover, studies indicate that vitamin D concentrations in mothers and newborns may also influence how children's teeth develop. Promoting children's oral health outcomes requires addressing vitamin D insufficiency through suitable therapies and public health policies.

Inequalities in children’s tooth decay requiring dental extraction under general anaesthetic: a longitudinal study using linked electronic health records

BackgroundDental extraction under general anaesthetic (DGA) is the most severe and irreversible dental treatment for childhood tooth decay. We investigated inequalities in DGA in an ethnically diverse, disadvantaged school-age population...