Children's Social Behavior Research Articles

Brothers as Playmates for Their Siblings with Developmental Disabilities: A Multiple-Baseline Design Study

The feasibility of using typically developing siblings as social interaction intervention agents has been suggested in the literature addressing interactions and relationships between children with disabilities and their siblings. However, the outcomes are not completely understood. This study evaluated an intervention that targeted the social play of children with developmental disabilities (DD) that was implemented by typically developing brothers in the children’s home settings. A multiple-baseline design across three sibling dyads was used to examine the effectiveness of the social interaction intervention. The findings resulted in a moderate change in social behaviors of children with DD and increased social skill strategies used by typically developing boy siblings. Percentage of non-overlapping data and Tau-U indices were provided and discussed for the use of sibling-mediated social play intervention with children with DD. The goal of sibling-mediated social interaction intervention is to provide typically developing siblings with specific techniques to engage children with disabilities in play, with the intention of encouraging their active participation to improve the quality of their interaction. By individually fine-tuning the activities to meet the interests of both children with disabilities and their siblings, typically developing siblings can be taught some social competencies that have value not only for children with disabilities, but also for themselves. They can become cognitively aware of their own thought processes.

Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms and Bullying Victimization Among Children with Autism in the United States.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience more frequent bullying victimization compared to their neurotypical peers. This study used the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services to examine associations between six Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ) subscales and bullying victimization among 1057 children with ASD. Bivariate results showed significant correlations between each CSBQ subscale and more frequent bullying victimization. Yet results from multinomial logistic regression models indicated that after adjusting for all CSBQ subscales and covariates, two of the CSBQ subscales remained significantly associated with greater risk of bullying victimization: not being optimally tuned to the social situation, and resistance to changes. Implications for future research and efforts toward reducing bullying victimization among children with ASD are discussed.

The Longitudinal Israeli Study of Twins (LIST) Reaches Adolescence: Genetic and Environmental Pathways to Social, Personality and Moral Development.

The Longitudinal Israeli Study of Twins (LIST) focuses on the developmental, genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in children's and adolescents' social behavior. Key variables have been empathy, prosocial behavior, temperament and values. Another major goal of LIST has been to study gene-environment correlations, mainly concerning parenting. LIST includes 1657 families of Hebrew-speaking Israeli twins who have participated at least once in the study. Children's environment and their development are assessed in a multivariate, multimethod fashion, including observed, parent-reported and self-reported data. The current article summarizes and updates recent findings from LIST. For example, LIST provided evidence for the heritability of human values with the youngest sample to date, and the first genetic investigation of adolescents' identity formation. Finally, future aims of LIST are discussed.

Parenting stress in caregivers of young children with ASD concerns prior to a formal diagnosis.

Robust findings demonstrate that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high levels of parenting stress that are associated with negative outcomes for families. Although the majority of research on parenting stress has focused on parents of children with an existing diagnosis, parents of young children with concerns about ASD-related behaviors also face many unique challenges before the time of diagnosis. However, no study to date has examined patterns of parenting stress among parents of children with ASD concerns prior to a formal ASD diagnosis. Therefore, the current study investigated longitudinal trajectories of parenting stress among parents of young children with ASD concerns compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns (e.g., language delay), and parents of children with no developmental concerns. Known predictors of parenting stress were also examined. Results from multilevel model analyses revealed that parents of children with ASD concerns experienced consistently higher levels of parenting stress across early child development compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns and those with no concerns. Additionally, parenting efficacy, psychological functioning, social satisfaction, and child social communication behaviors predicted levels of parenting stress for all parents. Autism Res 2020, 13: 82-92. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined parenting stress across time among parents of young children with ASD concerns before receiving a diagnosis. Parents of children with ASD concerns reported consistently higher levels of parenting stress compared to parents of children with other developmental concerns and parents of children with no concerns. Also, ASD concerns predicted parenting stress in addition to other parent and child predictors of parenting stress. These findings highlight the need to better support families before an ASD diagnosis.

Relations of Shyness and Unsociability with Adjustment in Migrant and Non-migrant Children in Urban China.

The present study examined the relations of shyness and unsociability with indexes of adjustment in migrant and non-migrant Chinese children. Participants were migrant (n = 413) and non-migrant students (n = 513) in fourth to seventh grades (M age = 11.4years) in urban China. Data on shyness, unsociability, and adjustment were collected from multiple sources, including peer evaluations, teacher ratings, self-reports, and school records. The results showed that shyness was associated with social and school adjustment problems more evidently in non-migrant children than in migrant children, whereas unsociability was associated with social adjustment problems more evidently in migrant children than in non-migrant children. The results indicate that the functional meanings of children's social behaviors may differ across contexts.

Developmental sociolinguistics: Children's acquisition of language variation.

Developmental sociolinguistics is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary framework that builds upon theoretical and methodological contributions from multiple disciplines (i.e., sociolinguistics, language acquisition, the speech sciences, developmental psychology, and psycholinguistics). A core assumption of this framework is that language is by its very nature variable, and that much of this variability is informative, as it is (probabilistically) governed by a variety of factors-including linguistic context, social or cultural context, the relationship between speaker and addressee, a language user's geographic origin, and a language user's gender identity. It is becoming increasingly clear that consideration of these factors is absolutely essential to developing realistic and ecologically valid models of language development. Given the central importance of language in our social world, a more complete understanding of early social development will also require a deeper understanding of when and how language variation influences children's social inferences and behavior. As the cross-pollination between formerly disparate fields continues, we anticipate a paradigm shift in the way many language researchers conceptualize the challenge of early acquisition. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Linguistic Theory Linguistics > Language Acquisition Neuroscience > Development Psychology > Language.

Screening of Broader Autism Phenotype Symptoms in Siblings: Support for a Distinct Model of Symptomatology.

Research on siblings of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that some phenotypic presentation, known as the broader autism phenotype (BAP), is common among siblings without an ASD diagnosis (e.g., Ruzich et al. in Autism Res 9(6):658-665, 2016). Whereas the symptoms that underlie both ASD and the BAP share commonality, the structure of these symptoms in youth with ASD and their siblings may differ. The current study assessed whether differences arise in the factor structure of the Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ) between youth with ASD and their siblings in a sample of 221 sibling dyads. Results suggest similar factor structures for ASD and BAP; however, number of symptoms endorsed, as opposed to the degree of severity, may better differentiate BAP.

Effect of Education Income Levels and Parenting Patterns on Children’s Social Behavior

The purpose of this study is to describe the influence: income level, level of education with parenting, income level, education level with children's social behavior, parenting parents with children's social behavior, income level, level of education with children's social behavior through parenting old. Descriptive quantitative research methods and path analysis. The sample of the study was 257 children 5-6 years in 11 TK Sambas District, West Kalimantan, cluster sampling was chosen using the Slovin formula from a population of 684 children in the Kindergarten of Sambas District, West Kalimantan. Data collection uses questionnaires, documentation and observation. The results showed that income levels influence parenting style, education level influences parents' parenting style, income level influences children's social behavior, education level influences children's social behavior, parenting parents influence children's social behavior, parenting parents are an intermediary influence the level of income on children's social behavior and level of education on children's social behavior.

Animal-Assisted Activity for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Parents' and Therapists' Perception.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by communication and social interaction difficulties, might be positively influenced by animal-assisted activity (AAA). The aim of this study was to investigate the parents' and therapists' perception to behavior in children with ASD after they underwent AAA. The study was performed in a specialized therapeutic center in Curitiba, South of Brazil. A total of 15 children (14 boys and 1 girl), aged 5.6 ± 1.6 years, diagnosed with ASD, underwent at least 10 weekly 30-min AAA sessions. Three trained dogs were used in total, and there were two dogs in each session. Children were free to interact with dogs and among themselves, in groups of 11.2 ± 2.2 children per session, in the presence of therapists, the researcher, and a veterinarian observing the dogs and ensuring safety. The parents and therapists completed two questionnaires on their perception of the children's behavior before and after AAA. A total of 18 visits were necessary to complete the 10 sessions for each of the 15 children. According to the therapists' perception, AAA increased positive gestures and facial expression in children (p = 0.010) and improved peer interaction. Even though there was a 50% reduction in the parents' feedback at the end of the study, according to their perception there was a reduction in self-aggression and repetitive stereotyped movements, as well as an improvement in speech communication and creativity. This study demonstrated the positive effects of the AAA on the social behavior of children with ASD.

The effects of exposure to political and domestic violence on preschool children and their mothers.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exposure to political violence on preschool children and their mothers. We explored whether these dyads are different from dyads with no known history of exposure to violence and from mother-child dyads with known exposure to domestic violence. Specifically, we explored differences in mothers' psychological status (depression and anxiety), dyadic emotional availability (EA), children's social information processing, and children's social behaviour, in a sample of 216 dyads divided into three groups (exposure to political violence, no exposure to violence, and exposure to domestic violence). We found evidence to support our hypotheses that children exposed to domestic violence exhibit the highest levels of social maladjustment with smaller but still significant differences between children exposed to political violence and children in the comparison group. As expected, the lowest EA scores were found in the exposure to domestic violence group, followed by dyads in the exposure to political violence group. Dyads belonging to the comparison group (no exposure) exhibited the highest levels of EA. These findings contribute to our understanding of the meaning of exposure to political violence, as well as sharpen the difference between exposure to political and domestic violence.

Vaikų elgesio kultūros ugdymo(si) būdai ir metodai Radviliškio miesto „X“ ikimokyklinėje ugdymo įstaigoje (atvejo analizė)

Nesvarbu, kokio amžiaus vaikas bebūtų, ugdant tinkamą elgesio kultūrą, svarbiausi yra suaugusieji, kurie savo elgesiu ir požiūriu į juos daro didžiausią įtaką. Ne tik šeima, bet ir ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaiga tampa atsakinga už vaikų elgesio kultūros ugdymą, švietimą bei skatinimą elgtis mandagiai, pagarbiai, sąžiningai, draugiškai ir t. t. Kultūringo elgesio įgūdžių ir įpročių formavimas, įvairiapusis elgesio kultūros ugdymo būdų taikymas, laisvas kūrybinis darbas sudaro sąlygas ugdytiniams save pažinti, kurti, išreikšti. Darbo procese jie ugdo(si) bendravimo ir bendradarbiavimo įgūdžius, atsakomybę už savo ir grupės darbo rezultatus. Šiame kontekste formuluotas probleminis tyrimo klausimas – kokiais būdais ugdoma vaikų elgesio kultūra ikimokyklinėje ugdymo įstaigoje?Tyrimas buvo atliekamas „X“ miesto ikimokyklinėje ugdymo įstaigoje. Vykdant pedagogų apklausą raštu atskleistos trylikos pedagogų patirtys apie jų taikomus būdus vaikų elgesio kultūrai ugdyti. Kokybinio tyrimo duomenys apdoroti turinio analizės būdu.Atliktas pedagogų patirties tyrimas atskleidė, kad ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigoje dirbantys pedagogai elgesio kultūros ugdymą laiko prioritetine sritimi. Veikloje vyrauja tradiciniai, vaiko poreikius atitinkantys elgesio kultūros ugdymo metodai, t. y. žaidimai, pokalbiai, pavyzdžio metodas, rečiau minimos netradicinės ugdymo formos. Kaip labiausiai pasiteisinusius vaikų elgesio kultūros ugdymui(si) būdus, metodus pedagogės vardijo tokius, kaip drausminimas, skatinimas, taisyklių laikymasis, ekskursijų ir išvykų organizavimas, grožinės literatūros skaitymas ir analizė.

Ankara İli 5 Yaş Grubu Çocuklarda Anadilde Dua Deneyimi İle Sosyal Davranış İlişkisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi çocuklarda anadilde dua deneyimi ile sosyal davranış ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarında çeşitli nedenlerle, içe kapanıklık, öfke ile zarar verme, yalan söyleme gibi sosyal davranış sorunları ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu davranış sorunlarının azaltılması için kendi dilinde dua etme deneyiminin, çocuğa içsel bir pekiştirme sağlayacağı, onu manevi açıdan güçlendireceği, sorunlarla baş etme kapasitesini artıracağı ve çocuğun sosyal davranışlarını belirlemede etkili olacağı düşünülmüştür. Bu düşünceyle sekiz oturum boyunca Türkçe dua etkinlikleri düzenlenmiş ve dua etkinliklerinin çocukların sosyal davranışları üzerindeki yansıması, öğretmen formu aracılığıyla uygulanan okul öncesi sosyal davranış ölçeğinin ön-test ve son-test verileri karşılaştırılarak araştırılmıştır. Uygulamalar neticesinde çocukların sosyal davranış sorunlarının azaldığı saptanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre dua deneyiminin çocukların sosyal davranışları üzerinde olumlu etkisinin olduğu söylenebilir.

POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DALAM PERKEMBANGAN PERILAKU SOSIAL ANAK DI TAMAN KANAK –KANAK AISYIYAH BUSTANUL ATHFALKECAMATANTANETE RIATTANG KABUPATEN BONE

This study examines the pattern of Parenting in the Development of Child Social Behavior in Kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tanete Riattang Sub-district Bone District. The problems statement of the research is: how is parenting pattern in the development of social behavior of children In Kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tanete Riattang Sub-district Bone District. The purpose of this research is to obtain data in depth about the condition of natural objects. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, that is trying to know parenting pattern in the development of social behavior of child. The source of data in this research is 17 parents who are educated and educated in groups B (B1, B2, and B3) which are 17 children. Techniques of collecting data which are used in this research include observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of research are: parenting parenting is one of the things that affect the development of social behavior of children. The development of children's social behavior in the Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten is characterized by the increasing cooperation of children, having the character of generosity, sympathy and selflessness.

English

The manner in which family-centered capacity-building practices and parenting efficacy beliefs were directly and indirectly related to parent-child interactions and child behavior and development was investigated using meta-analytic structural equation modeling. The participants were 6507 caregivers of young children with identified disabilities and developmental delays in 13 studies. Results showed that capacity-building practices were directly related to parenting efficacy beliefs and indirectly related to parent-child interaction mediated by belief appraisals; parenting efficacy beliefs were directly related to parent-child interactions and indirectly related to child social competence mediated by parenting practices; and parent-child interactions were directly related to both child behavior and child development. Results also indicated these relationships were not moderated by parents’ education, severity of child disability, or frequency of practitioner-parent contacts. Implications for investigating the influences of social and family systems intervention practices on parent, family, and child outcomes of early childhood intervention are described.   Key words: Family-centered practices, capacity-building, parenting efficacy, parenting practices, child social behavior, child cognitive development.

Examination of school readiness constructs in Tanzania: Psychometric evaluation of the MELQO scales

This study examines the development and learning of 684 Tanzanian children starting school, averaging 7 years of age. A primary goal was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a globally-informed measure of school readiness. Using multiple measures including newly-developed direct assessment, and teacher and parent reports of child development, we hypothesized that children's development and learning would demonstrate expected constructs of academic and social/emotional skills and associations with family and child characteristics. Children's direct assessment scores factored into five domains measuring pre-mathematics, pre-literacy, executive functioning, fine motor skills, and socioemotional knowledge. Teachers' reports of children's social/emotional abilities factored into three domains measuring children's social competence, attention/self-regulatory abilities, and problem behaviors. Structural analyses indicated that children's attentional/self-regulatory abilities were associated with their direct assessment scores. Future research should examine these constructs in other countries, with additional methodologies to examine cultural fit and relevance.

Physical Activity and Social Behaviors of Urban Children in Green Playgrounds

Nature exposure is associated with many wellbeing benefits. However, the influence of green space on the physical activity and social behaviors of children is not completely understood. The purpose of the study was to complete a stepwise impact evaluation of a large-scale playground greening project at a Title 1 elementary school in Los Angeles, California. Physical activity and social interaction data were collected with direct observation and accelerometers pre-, immediately post-, and 4 months post-greening at control (students enrolled=393) and experimental (students enrolled=538) locations from 2016 to 2017. Effects of relevant variables on recess behavior were analyzed with linear mixed models in 2018. Zone popularity and recess behaviors did not change for control students during the study (p>0.05). Areas replaced by green space became the most popular for experimental students who transitioned from traditional playground games/sports to tag/chasing, gymnastics, climbing/jumping, and creative play. The percentage of students observed as sedentary decreased by 10.0% (95% CI=4.9%, 15.0%) at 4 months, p=0.003. Vigorous activity participation increased pre to post at the individual (48.5%, 95% CI=29.1%, 67.9%, p<0.001) and population level (41.2%, 95% CI=27.3%, 55.1%, p=0.003) and remained higher than pre-greening at 4 months (p<0.05) for girls in the experimental group only. The moderate to vigorous physical activity differential between green space and hardscape was greater for fifth graders than all other grades, p=0.002. Student physical and verbal conflict rates decreased below pre-greening rates after 4 months for the experimental group, p<0.001. Results suggest that adding green space to asphalt-covered schoolyards helps expose children to nature, increases daily activity levels, and promotes social wellbeing in sex- and age-dependent ways.

Assessment of Disruptive Behaviour Disorder, Academic Performance, and School Social Behaviour of Children

Assessment of Disruptive Behaviour Disorder, Academic Performance, and School Social Behaviour of Children

Measuring child social communication across contexts: Similarities and differences across play and snack routines.

Improving measurement of outcomes in randomized controlled trials of early interventions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been identified as a priority in the field. In addition, the importance of measurement across contexts has been indicated by researchers and community stakeholders alike [Lord et al., ; McConachie et al., ; Schreibman et al., ]. The Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC; Grzadzinski et al., ), an observational rating scheme of brief play interactions, was developed to address a need for measures that are reliable, sensitive to change, and valid for use in research settings. The goal of this study was to examine the feasibility and utility of applying the BOSCC to a new context: a home snack routine. Results suggest that rating the BOSCC on home snack routines is feasible and psychometrically sound, and captures change in child social communication behaviors. However, the utility of the BOSCC for measuring restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) is less clear. Nonetheless, differences in RRBs across play and snack lend support for the claim that measurement across contexts is essential. Application of the BOSCC across contexts may allow researchers to obtain a more accurate estimate of intervention response and help capture context-specific changes in social communication. It may also provide a method for researchers to evaluate the effect of context on child social communication more broadly. Autism Res 2019, 12: 636-644. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Improving measurement of outcomes in studies of early interventions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been identified as a priority in the field. The importance of measurement across contexts has also been indicated by researchers and community stakeholders. The goal of this study was to determine whether an existing observational rating scheme, the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC), could be applied to a new activity: a home snack routine. Results suggest that rating the BOSCC on home snack routines is feasible and promising for capturing change over time. In addition, some child behaviors differed across play and snack, lending further support for the claim that measurement across activities is essential.

Manfaat Interaksi Teman Sebaya Terhadap Perilaku Sosial Anak Usia Dini Di Ra Muslimat Nu 007 Gandu 1 Mlarak Kabupaten Ponorogo Provinsi Jawa Timur

To create a good social environment for children, peers are needed, because peers have an important role in creating a social environment that supports the development of children's social behavior. In life among peers there is a social process in which processes influence and influence each other. This research is a descriptive qualitative study, data obtained by observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The validity of the data technique uses triangulation techniques. Analysis of qualitative data is carried out interactively and takes place continuously until complete, so the data is saturated. Activities in data analysis are data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verification ". From the results of the study, it can be seen that the social behavior of early childhood at Muslimat RA NU 007 Gandu 1 Mlarak Ponorogo develops well which can be proven by the existence of mutual help, mutual respect, mutual cooperation, being able to distinguish between good and bad and being able to be polite. peers are also developing well. The benefits of peer interaction with early childhood social behavior include children can learn to respect others, have an attitude of responsibility, learn to work together, share and care about the conditions of other friends. They learn to empathize and start learning to help friends who are in trouble.

Structuring collaboration: Multi-user full-body interaction environments for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

BackgroundCollaboration is an interpersonal process which builds upon social skills and mutual understanding. Due to characteristic social challenges, children with Autism Spectrum Disorders may benefit from structured collaborative virtual environments that offer adequate conditions to practice communication and social behaviors with other users. This paper provides an overview of methods to structure collaboration in multi-user technologies for autism. MethodsOutcomes are highlighted from two full-body interaction collaborative systems which were tested to foster social behaviors in children with ASD while playing with peers. The first system, which presented an enforced collaboration paradigm, was tested with 15 users, aged from 4 to 6, who played 4 sessions of 30 minutes each. The second system presented an encouraged collaboration paradigm tested with 10 users, aged from 10 to 14, who played 3 sessions of 15 minutes each. ResultsIn both settings we observed a significant increase in social and collaborative behaviors. Controlled mechanisms may have contributed to differences in game experiences between the two paradigms, including specialized game mechanics, shared goals, narrative formation, user roles, and clear visibility of others actions. ConclusionsOur application of this classification framework is novel in the field of interactive technologies for autism, as we identify the nature of various methods which are used to structure collaboration, and how those affect user behavior. In formalizing these methodologies within the field of full-body interaction, we draw out knowledge that could be useful to designers of technologies for autism based on observations of related projects and our work.