Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify young childrenâs temperaments and their mothersâ corresponding parenting behavior profiles by applying latent profile analysis, and to explore how they relate to young childrenâs executive functions in each latent profile. Methods Participants included 294 children (146 boys and 148 girls) aged 3â5 years and their mothers. A scale of child temperament: EAS (20 questions), a scale of mother's parenting (34 questions), and a scale of executive functions: brief-p (43 questions) were used. Results Young childrenâs temperaments and their mothersâ parenting behavior profiles were classified into three groups. They were: ânegative emotionality child + inconsistent parenting (40%)â, âshy child + authoritative parenting (14%)â, and âsociable child + authoritative parenting (46%)â. As per the results of the three-step approach, there were significant differences in the executive functions (inhibition, shifting, and working memory) according to the three profiles. Conclusion This study is meaningful because it identified various aspects of a young childâs temperament with respect to his/her motherâs parenting. Identifying differences in the executive functions of young children will also help provide implications for the necessary preventative involvement of young child with various temperament characteristics and mothers. Keywords: childâs temperament, motherâs parenting, childâs executive function, latent profile analysis