Rights Of Child Research Articles

Child Rights, Abuse and Mitigating Options in Nollywood Films: A Study of <i>Wives on Strike</i> and <i>Itoro</i>

Child rights are those fundamental privileges that contribute to the overall development of children in society. The increasing rate of child abuse impinges on the rights of children resulting in numerous negative effects that are harmful to their growth and well-being. Although some Nollywood films portray the problem of child abuse in society, not much has been done to examine the rights of children and how these rights are violated as a result of cultural and social factors that condition the well-being of children. The study examined the representation of child rights, abuse and mitigating options in Omoni Oboli’s <i>Wives on Strike</i> (2016) and Precious Adeyemi’s <i>Itoro</i> (2017). These Nollywood films were selected through a purposive sampling technique because the have thematic importance relevant to the problem of the study. James Garbarino’s Social Habitability theory was adopted as the theoretical framework for the study. Findings revealed that child labour and marriage are dominant abuses of children and teenagers in Nigeria with adverse consequences on their development. It also revealed that the girl child is at the greatest risk of abuse due to cultural and social factors. The study recommended further exposition of this crime, especially other forms of child abuse by Nollywood film practitioners to mitigate its scourge because the future of every nation depends on children.

Implementing Children's Rights in Vietnamese Families: Cultural and Socioeconomic Influences

Family and family culture are compelling research topics for Social Science researchers. The complexity of this category requires an approach tailored to the research field. In legal science, the family is studied as an entity encompassing relationships regulated by law, such as those between spouses and between parents and children. However, a more practical approach to researching the family from a legal perspective necessitates a general understanding of family culture and its specific impact. As contemporary family culture values continue to evolve, traditional values are sometimes overridden, giving children more autonomy. In this article, we aim to outline the fundamental aspects of family culture and explore the impact of changing family culture on upholding children's rights in Vietnam.

Eksistensi Sekolah Pesisi Juang Dalam Memenuhi Hak Pendidikan Bagi Anak-Anak Pesisir Di Lingkungan Bintaro Kecamatan Ampenan Kota Mataram

This research explores the role of Sekolah Pesisi Juang in fulfilling the educational rights of coastal children in Bintaro, Ampenan, Mataram. The research focuses on the school's contribution to enhancing learning motivation, literacy, and practical skills of the children, who face various social and economic challenges. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings show that the school has implemented various educational programs, including Early Childhood Education (PAUD), Pojok Baca, Pojok Kreasi, and additional classes that have successfully helped meet the educational needs of these children. The study also highlights supporting and inhibiting factors in the school's efforts and presents strategies for overcoming obstacles.

Why is regulation of the online world urgently needed to protect children’s wellbeing?

Abstract Background The online world affords children many benefits, such as connectivity and access to educational and cultural content. Simultaneously, it increases their likelihood of encountering harmful or distressing web-based content and behaviour, such as marketing for harmful products, violent or discriminatory material, and cyberbullying. Yet, there is a dearth of objective research globally on children’s real-time experiences, with current research relying on self-reports or observations made in experimental conditions. This paper reports on the nature and extent of children’s online world. Methods Kids Online Aotearoa is a cross-sectional observational study of children’s real-time experiences of the online world. A strategic sample of 180 12-year-olds from schools in the Wellington region of Aotearoa, New Zealand, used Zoom video conferencing software to record their online world for four days. Recordings were analysed manually and using AI. Results Children spend most of their time online on their phones, often using TikTok. Children spend 25 % of their online phone time gaming or watching games (game time). They encounter many gambling and gambling-like activities while doing so. Of game time, 16% of the time children are exposed to marketing. Preliminary analysis reveals that children are exposed to marketing for alcohol, junk food, tobacco, vapes and gambling. This is counter to national legislation prohibiting or restricting such marketing to children. Conclusions This novel methodology reveals the actual online experiences of children as they go about their daily lives. This includes engaging in harmful behaviours such as gambling and encountering harmful product marketing. While from New Zealand, this study is likely to be relevant for other countries given the global reach of the online world. The research indicates the urgent need for national and global government regulation of the online world to protect the rights of children and ensure their wellbeing. Key messages • Kids Online Aotearoa reveals the nature and extent of children’s online world, including their exposure to harmful product marketing. • National and global regulation of the online world is urgently needed to protect child rights and wellbeing.

Experiences with paediatric hospital health care: a cross-sectional study among paediatric patients

Abstract Background The measurement of patient experiences is gaining importance in many healthcare systems, including the Slovenian one. The need for a national survey on patient experiences in the paediatric inpatient settings emerged recently. Methods The survey took into account various aspects of inpatient healthcare such as admission, hospital staff, safety, food and discharge from hospital. As part of the study, children/parents were able to give praise and suggestions for improvements. We used three different questionnaires adapted to the cognitive abilities of children - a child questionnaire for the age group 9-13 years in paper form, an online adolescent questionnaire for the age group 14-18 years, and an online parent questionnaire for the age group 0 (1 month)-8 years. The questionnaires were cognitively tested and piloted before national rollout. Results The national survey was conducted between September 2023 and March 2024 and included paediatric patients who spent at least one night in an acute paediatric hospital ward. The survey included 25 paediatric wards and totally 1965 questionnaires were valid for analysis. The rough response rate was 17,6 %. The first preliminary results of the qualitative analysis suggest that surveyed paediatric patients and their parents rate highly inpatient health care services received, however they point out also to areas that need improvement such as environmental factors (noise, temperature), food, infrastructure (outdated facilities & equipment) and in some cases attitude of hospital staff. Conclusions National institute of public health carried out the first national survey on paediatric patient reported experience measures in acute hospitals in Slovenia. The results of this survey will be used to improve the quality of inpatient health care services in paediatric wards, as well renew focus on the requirements of European charter of children rights and United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Key messages • National institute of public health carried out the first national survey on paediatric patient reported experience measures in hospitals in Slovenia. • The results of this survey will be used to drive hospital quality improvements.

Children’s Rights Perspective on Privacy and Data Protection in the Digital Age

The digital age has transformed children's lives, raising new challenges for their privacy and data protection. This paper examines the conflict between children's rights to privacy and parents' freedom to share online, focusing on issues like "sharenting" and data exploitation. It also reviews global legal frameworks such as the UNCRC and GDPR, assessing their effectiveness in protecting children's digital rights. The study proposes legal reforms and best practices, emphasizing the need to prioritize children's best interests while balancing parental responsibilities and children's autonomy in the digital world.

CHILDREN'S RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN PUBLIC SPACES FOR REINFORCING DEMOCRACY: EVALUATIONS ON THE CASE OF TURKIYE

Public spaces are areas that allow people to interact, express themselves, and make them visible. Yet, limited attention has focused on understanding and designing public spaces with regard to children’s rights. Grounded in Habermas's deliberative democracy model, the research explores the intricate relationship between children and public spaces. This study aims to the discourse on public spaces, and their significance in facilitating children's interaction and expression. In the study, the relationship between children and public space is established within the framework of deliberative democracy and children's rights, and then the characteristics of accessible public spaces for children are discussed. The study was designed in accordance with qualitative research methodology, and the data were obtained through document analysis technique. Here we show that organizing public spaces as child-friendly environments will make them new actors of democracy by gaining visibility in public spaces and this will guide the making of public policies. Keywords: children, children's rights, children participation, public space, democracy

Child and Youth Friendly Justice for the Climate Crisis: Relying on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

Abstract The climate crisis is a human rights crisis, and one of the worst affected groups is children and youth. This same group has been key to climate action in and outside of the courts. As well as engaging in numerous consultative fora such as cop, and in the introduction of a General Comment on the right of children to a healthy environment, they have gone on to become key litigators in climate cases/applications at both national and international level. These justice processes are, however, notoriously ill suited to the particular needs of children and youth. Child friendly justice is a concept which has been elaborated in recent years by the Council of Europe. Yet climate litigation is very different to the cases (e.g. in family law) in which children have traditionally been parties – amongst other things it can involve very public campaigns. This article considers child and youth friendly justice in the context of the climate crisis through the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, and through the concepts of access, participation, interests, and judgments.

Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 2580 K/Pdt/2016 on Divorce from Mixed Marriage between Indonesian and French Citizen

This research examines the legal aspects related to divorce in mixed marriages between Indonesian citizens (WNI) and foreign nationals (WNA). In the context of marriage, which is a fundamental event in human life, the issue of mixed marriage is becoming increasingly relevant as interactions between countries increase. This research focuses on analyzing the Supreme Court's decision in Decision Number 2580 K/Pdt/2016, which dealt with a divorce between an Indonesian citizen and a foreigner from France. Using normative legal methods, this research explores the legal norms governing divorce in mixed marriages and assesses the consistency of the applicable law in Indonesia. The findings show that there are legal complexities at hand, especially regarding jurisdiction and children's rights, where the Supreme Court's decision has the potential to influence the handling of similar cases in the future. This research is expected to provide insight into the challenges of the Indonesian judicial system in dealing with international divorces as well as the legal implications resulting from the decision.

“No one wants you back, you will stay here forever”: Exploring the story of the Israeli children who were held in captivity by Hamas

BackgroundRecent armed conflicts around the world have highlighted that child abduction and hostage-taking are pervasive, and of high concern for child rights, child development, and well-being. Little research exists on child hostages in specific conflict contexts. ObjectiveThis study was designed to examine child hostage stories conveyed by the Israeli children who were released from captivity in Gaza, post the October 7, 2023, Hamas-led attack on Israel. Child hostage stories, as published in Israeli media, were based on recorded interviews with the children. Participants and settingFifty-seven child interviews were identified, based on 18 children and youth who were aged 8 to 18. The child interviews in the media were in Hebrew. MethodsChild interviews were gathered from popular Israeli news channels, which were manually searched using systematic keywords. A search was also conducted through Google and YouTube. All of the included recorded interviews with the released child hostages were analyzed qualitatively, using inductive thematic analysis. ResultsThree main themes were generated: 1) the event of being kidnapped from Israel, with three sub-themes, including the kidnapping experience, atrocities witnessed, and entering the territory of Gaza; 2) the story of captivity, with four sub-themes including experiencing harsh environmental conditions, emotional abuse, medical neglect, physical and sexual abuse; and 3) the release from captivity, including experiencing the release, being put into a media show, separating from other hostages, experiencing fear during the exiting, and experiencing disbelief about their freedom. ConclusionsThe Israeli children held captive by Hamas in 2023 endured horrific experiences. Researching these children's experiences through their own words is essential for validating their stories, bearing witness, and deepening our current understanding of the trauma and the violation of these children's rights. This study acknowledges the limitations in its methodology, while also demonstrating the viability of collecting children's testimonies from the media when done ethically. This research advocates for future studies to examine children held captive in such contexts around the globe, and urges the implementation of children's rights paradigm and trauma-informed policy and practice in supporting these children.

The Role of the Religious Affairs Office in Reducing Early Marriage (Implementation of Law No. 16 of 2019 in Sidowayah Village, Pancur District, Rembang Regency)

This research aims to examine the role of the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) and the effectiveness of the implementation of Law No. 16 of 2019 in reducing early marriage in Sidowayah Village. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The results showed that the KUA in Sidowayah Village plays an active role in socializing and edufuture bride and groomg the community about the dangers of early marriage and the provisions of Law No. 16 of 2019. The KUA's efforts have increased the community's understanding of the negative impacts of early marriage and children's rights. The implementation of Law No. 16 of 2019 has shown positive results by increasing public awareness of the minimum age for marriage. Education programs related to the dangers of early marriage and children's rights have shown positive results with indications of a decrease in the number of early marriages. However, there are several challenges in the implementation of this law, such as a lack of public awareness of the importance of complying with the law, strong cultural resistance in some environments, inconsistent law enforcement against violations of underage marriage, and social structures that support early marriage such as poverty and gender inequality. This research provides an overview of the role of KUA and the effectiveness of Law No. 16 of 2019 in efforts to reduce early marriage. Continuous and collaborative efforts from various parties, such as KUA, local government, and the community, are needed to address early marriage and achieve children's welfare. Keywords: Early marriage, Law no. 16 of 2019, KUA

Research on the Design of Child-Friendly Landscape Space in Chengdu Crown Community Based on SDG

Objective: This study aims to explore and implement a child-centred landscape space design strategy to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in the old residential environment of the Crown Community in Chengdu, China. Theoretical Framework: The study constructs a theoretical framework for child-friendly communities based on the United Nations' children's rights and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and Goal 13 (Climate Action). Method: Through literature review and field research, combined with questionnaires, this study collected 120 child samples, analyzed their behavioural needs, and proposed corresponding landscape space design strategies. Research Implications: The study found that the needs of children in the Crown Community mainly focus on natural experience, research experience, game interaction, and hiding exploration. The design strategy transforms the existing space into an art garden, a book garden, and a children's playground to meet these needs and promote the realization of SDGs. Research Significance: The study emphasizes that improving children's living environment through landscape design is significant to achieving the goals of sustainable cities and communities in SDGs. Originality/Value: This study provides an innovative approach to integrating SDGs into renovating old communities and offers a new perspective for designing child-friendly landscape spaces, which will help promote the renewal of old urban communities and the construction of child-friendly cities.

State Protection of the Family, Motherhood, Paternity, and Childhood: Examining Jurisdictional Challenges in Divorce Cases

The author argues that, currently, courts lack the procedural tools, specialized professional training, and sufficient time to adequately protect the rights of minor children during divorce proceedings. This situation highlights the urgent need for the development of a more effective extrajudicial mechanism to ensure state oversight of parental compliance with the rights and interests of minor children in divorce cases. The proposed procedure is based on the concept that, in addition to courts, other authorities within their respective competencies should oversee the legality of decisions related to divorce proceedings. Specifically, courts should handle legal disputes; registry offices should manage the registration of civil status acts, and guardianship authorities should monitor the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of minors and disabled family members in contentious situations

The Student Affairs Management by Educational Institution Administrators under the Jurisdiction of the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office

Background and Aims: The objectives of this research are as follows: 1) to study and compare student affairs administration of educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position Education level and the size of the educational institution. 2) To compare student affairs administration among educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position education level and the size of the educational institution. And 3) to study guidelines for developing student affairs administration among educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Methodology: The sample in this research consisted of 331 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined according to Krejci and Morgan's table. Using the stratified random sampling method. The research tools consisted of a questionnaire with 5 rating scales and an interview form. Which has a consistency index between 0.80 - 1.00 and a confidence value for the entire questionnaire equal to 0.89. For data analysis, statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used, as t-tests and F-tests. Results: The results of the research found that: (1) the level of student affairs administration of educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Overall and in each aspect are at a high level. (2) Comparison of opinions regarding student affairs administration among school administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position Education level and the size of the educational institution It was found that overall and in each aspect there were no differences. (3) Guidelines for promoting the development of student affairs administration for educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office, consisting of 6 areas: 1) promoting guidance activities in educational institutions, 2) promotion of health, sports and recreation, 3) promotion of boy scouts, girl guides, and red cross youth activities, 4) promotion of democratic activities and student discipline, 5) promoting and developing student councils to strengthen student and youth organizations in educational institutions; and 6) promoting the protection of children's and youth's rights. Conclusion: According to the findings, Bueng Kan school administrators perform well in all aspects of student affairs administration, with no significant differences based on position, education level, or institution size. It also outlines six key strategies for improving student affairs: promoting guidance, health, and recreational activities, developing leadership skills through scouting and democratic initiatives, strengthening student councils, and protecting children's rights.

Contextual analysis of child labor laws and educational rights for children in Pakistan with a focus on KPK province

Child labor is defined as the exploitation of children in any form of labor that destructively affects the child's mental, social, and physical health and creates hurdles to obtaining a regular education. This study was conducted to investigate the main socio-economic factors contributing to child labor and barriers to education and analyze the practical implications of child labor laws in Pakistan. The study area in this study is Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, Pakistan. The primary data were collected through an online questionnaire survey from teachers, school administrators, government officials responsible for enforcing child labor laws and educational policies, and representatives from non-governmental organizations (NGOs), while personal observations and interviews were used for the collection of data from child laborers, parents or guardians of child laborers. A total of 80 teachers or education experts, 70 children and their guardians, 30 policymakers, and 20 social workers were participants in the data collection process. The outcomes of this study concluded that about 78% of participants lacked awareness of these laws, while 71% perceived them as ineffective. The socioeconomic factors contributing to child labor are quantitatively assessed, with poverty identified as the primary factor (65%). The statistical analysis indicates that the socioeconomic factors have a significant contribution to the implementation of child education laws in Pakistan (a p-value lower than the level of significance (0.05). Discrimination based on gender or social status, high cost of education, and insufficient qualified teachers are significant barriers to providing quality education for children in Pakistan. This study recommends promoting inclusive education and strengthening social welfare programs to support their efficacy in combating child labor and ensuring access to quality education for all children in Pakistan.

A child-centred intercultural approach to the socio-educational inclusion of migrant and refugee children

The increasing trend of child migration, whether forced or voluntary, poses a challenge to policies aimed at ensuring social cohesion and protecting children's rights. Inclusive educational environments play a crucial role in the integration of migrant and refugee children by promoting intercultural dialogue and participation. This study aims to explore the potential of a child-centred approach to the socio-educational inclusion of migrant and refugee children in Europe, proposing a framework of inclusive interculturalism to address the specific challenges these children face in educational settings. A narrative review was conducted, examining a wide range of peer-reviewed sources to synthesise current knowledge on child-centred education and its applicability to migrant and refugee children. The review identifies key challenges in adopting a child-centred approach, including socio-cultural, linguistic and psychological barriers that hinder migrant and refugee children's full participation in education. It highlights the importance of promoting agency, cultural competence and emotional well-being through inclusive and intercultural educational practices. Implementing a child-centred, inclusive intercultural approach can promote social cohesion and reduce inequalities by ensuring that all children, regardless of their background, have access to quality education and opportunities for personal development. However, more empirical research is needed to translate these theoretical frameworks into practical interventions.

О проведении историко-генеалогического конкурса «моя родословная» среди обучающихся школ кластера непрерывного казачьего образования, кадетских корпусов и других образовательных организаций

Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to one of the forms of patriotic education of schoolchildren — the holding of the Historical and genealogical Research Competition “My family Tree” and the final Educational and Research Conference «The fate of the family in the fate of the country: the Light of the Great Victory» for students of schools of the cluster of continuing Cossack education, cadet corps and other educational organizations. Regulatory documents. When writing this article, the authors relied on the Strategy for the Development of Education in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 29, 2015 No. 996-R, as well as on the Strategy of State Policy of the Russian Federation in relation to the Russian Cossacks for 2021-2030, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated August 9, 2020, No. 505. These Strategies take into account the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal laws, Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation, normative legal acts affecting the field of education aimed at protecting children's rights and forming a sense of patriotism among children, involvement in the historical and cultural life of the people and the fate of Russia. In the year of the family, we tried to emphasize the special importance of holding the Contest ”My family Tree”, which shows the role of the family, schools, universities in educating children and youth a sense of patriotism, pride in the Fatherland. The purpose of the article. The article substantiates the effectiveness of using our proposed methodology for conducting historical and genealogical work on this Competition - "My family Tree" with further analysis of the students' works and subsequent exchange of experience at the Conference held annually at the Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (PKU) "The fate of the family in the fate of the country: the Light of the Great Victory." Conclusion. According to the authors, such a form of consolidating the results of the Competition is useful not only for students, but also for managers of children's projects.

Sustainability, play and children´s agency: a comparative study of the Swedish and Turkish preschool curricula

ABSTRACT In this study, we compared how sustainability, children’s agency, and play are addressed in preschool curricula in Sweden and Turkey. Content analysis was used to analyse, interpret, and compare the content. The findings indicated that sustainability is explicitly integrated into the Swedish curriculum but only partly mentioned in the Turkish curriculum. Play is a core part of children’s learning in Sweden, whereas, in Turkey, play is mainly referred to as a method. The Swedish preschool curriculum emphasises democracy as a central aspect, which reflects the dedication to fostering children's agency and their comprehension of rights and participation. The Turkish curriculum, meanwhile – while acknowledging democratic principles, child rights, and participation – does not provide a comprehensive framework for promoting children’s agency. Our qualitative study contributes to knowledge about policies that may lead to practices concerning preschool education in Sweden and Turkey that focus on sustainability, children’s agency, and play.

Establishment and Development of the Institute for the Protection of Children’s Rights in International Law

In the article, legal aspects of the establishment of the institute of international child protection law are studied by means of a retrospective, inductive and deductive method. A comprehensive study of historical and legal aspects in modern legal science will make a big contribution to the further development of science, filling the gaps in this area. The purpose of the article is to reveal common features and features, characteristic features by revealing its legal status, meaning and essence through the study of legal aspects. To achieve the goal, the task set is to generalize the objective and subjective causal conditions of the establishment of the protection of children's rights and its substantive features. As a result of the article, the characteristic features of the legal aspects of the establishment of the Institute for the Protection of Children's Rights are determined.

Nikāh Sirri and Its Impact: The Perspective of Maqashid Ash-Shari’ah of Imam Asy-Syathiby

Background. The legal status of nikāh sirri (secret or unregistered marriage) is controversial because it is not announced and not officially recorded. The views of scholars on secret marriage and the factors causing it, as well as the legal regulations in force in Indonesia, need to be studied. Aim. Examines nikāh sirri from the perspective of maqāṣid asy-syari’ah, which includes five essential goals of Islamic law: the maintaining religion (hifẓ ad-dīn), soul (hifẓ an-nafs), descendants (hifẓ an-nasl), property (hifẓ al-māl), and reason (hifẓ al-’aql). Method. This research utilizes a literature review with a descriptive-analytical approach to Islamic jurisprudence and relevant regulations. Result. Nikāh sirri causes more harm (mafsadat) than benefit (maslahat), particularly concerning the rights of wives and children in inheritance, financial support, and legal protection. Based on maqāṣid asy-syari’ah, nikāh sirri is considered impermissible (haram) due to its adverse effects on mental well-being, economic instability, and threats to legitimate lineage. The formal registration of marriage is crucial for ensuring the protection of family rights.