Children's Fear Research Articles

Which audio distraction technique is more effective for reduction the pain and anxiety of pediatric dental patients; “music” or “kids-story”? A randomized split-mouth crossover clinical trial

ObjectiveControl of pain, fear, and anxiety of children during dental procedures is a major challenge in pediatrics. This study aimed to compare the effect of audio distraction by music and audio-story on pain and anxiety of children during dental treatment. MethodsThis randomized crossover clinical trial evaluated 60 systemically healthy children between 4 and 8 years, who were candidates for pulpotomy and steel crown of bilateral primary maxillary first or second molars. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of music-story (M first), and story-music (S first) according to the sequence of receipt of the distraction techniques with a split-mouth design. The level of pain and anxiety of patients was measured using physiological scales such as pulse rate (PR), sound-eye-motor (SEM) and faces pain rating (FPR). The pkcross package in Stata software version 14 was used to assess the treatment effect, period effect, sequence effect and carryover effect. ResultsIn each group, 28 cases were included in the analysis. The difference in PR was not significant at the onset and termination of each treatment session between two distraction techniques and also, the mean FPR (P = 0.55) and SEM (P > 0.99) scores were not significantly different between the two groups. ConclusionsThe “audio-story” and “music” distraction techniques were not significantly different for pediatrics relieving during LA administration. Thus, considering the equal efficacy of the two techniques, dental clinicians can use any of the two to distract children. Registration informationThe study registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20190702044077N1).

The effect of lighted toy on reducing pain and fear during blood collection in children between 3 and 6 years: A randomized control trial

BackgroundThis study was carried out as an experimental research to determine the effect of the light toy on reducing pain and fear during blood collection in children. MethodsThe data were obtained 116 children. The “Interview and Observation Form Children's Fear Scale, Wong-Baker Faces, Luminous Toy and Stopwatch” was used for data collection. The data were evaluated using percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, t-test, correlation analysis and Krusskal Wallis test in SPSS 21.0 package program. FindingsThe fear score average of the children in the lighted toy group was 0.95 ± 0.80, while it was 3.00 ± 0.74 in the control group. The difference between the groups in terms of the fear score average of the children was found statistically significant (p < 0.05). When the difference between groups in terms of pain status of children is examined, the pain level of children in the lighted toy group (2.83 ± 2.82,) was found to be significantly lower than the pain level of the children in the control group (5.86 ± 2.72) (p < 0.05). DiscussionAs a result of the study, it was found that the lighted toy given to the children during blood collection reduces their fear and pain levels. In the light of these findings, it is recommended to increase the use of lighted toys in blood collection. Application to practiceThe use of lighted toys as a distraction method during blood collection in children is an effective, easy-to-access and low-cost method. This method demonstrates that there is no need for expensive methods of distraction.

Dental Fear and Anxiety of Chinese Preschool Children in a School-Based Outreach Service Using Silver Diamine Fluoride for Caries Control: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Limited data are available regarding the patient-based outcomes of SDF therapy in the kindergarten setting. This study aims to evaluate the dental fear and anxiety (DFA) of preschool children after participating in a school-based outreach service using SDF to arrest early childhood caries (ECC). The study recruited 3- to 5-year-old children with untreated ECC. A trained dentist performed a dental examination and applied SDF therapy to the carious lesions. ECC experience was measured using the dmft index. Questionnaires for parents were used to collect the children's demographic information and their dental treatment experiences. The children's DFA before and immediately after SDF therapy was assessed using the self-reported Facial Image Scale (FIS) on a Likert scale of 1 (very happy) to 5 (very distressed). The association between the children's DFA after SDF therapy and the potentially related factors, including demographic background, caries experience, and DFA before SDF therapy, were analysed using bivariate analysis. Three hundred and forty children (187 boys, 55%) joined this study. Their mean (SD) age and dmft scores were 4.8 (0.9) and 4.6 (3.6), respectively. Most of them (269/340, 79%) never had a dental visit. After SDF therapy, 86% (294/340) of the children exhibited no or low DFA (FIS ≤ 3), whereas 14% (46/340) reported high DFA (FIS > 3). No factor was associated with children's DFA after SDF therapy (p > 0.05). This study showed most preschool children with ECC exhibited no or low DFA after SDF therapy in a school setting.

Fear in children: what is the importance of gender

IntroductionWhen we were children we all remember hearing expressions like: “Do not be afraid.”, “What are you afraid of?”, “You are strong, you are not afraid!”. This primary emotion is introduced in our development associated, most of the time, with a negative connotation. However, we know that fear, as a normal response to a real or imagined threat, is an integral part of human development (Sequeira, 2011).The existence of research on fears is relevant for the definition of developmental patterns, characteristics such as frequency and intensity, but also for the identification of risk factors that may be at the genesis of the development of anxiety disorders (Ollendick, King &amp; Murris, 2002).ObjectivesIn Portugal, studies on fears are scarce, contrary to what happens in other countries (Sequeira, 2011).MethodsThe study sample consists of 121 students from the 1st cycle of basic education, 65 (53.7%) attending the 3rd year of schooling and 56 (46.3%) attending the 4th year of schooling, 66 ( 54.5%) were female and 55 (45.5%) were male, aged between 7 and 10 years old (M=8.5; SD=0.61).For each child, an adult, parents or parental figures also participated in the study, most of which were the mother (89.3%) and the remaining participants were the father (7.4%), father and mother (1.7%), grandmother (0.8% ) and brother (0.8%).ResultsFears are more frequent in females than males.ConclusionsIn general, anxiety disorders tend to be more prevalent in girls than in boys (Ollendick, King &amp; Murris, 2002).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The influence of problem drinking persons on the quality of life of their surroundings depending on gender and age

IntroductionThe social consequences of alcohol affect not only drinkers, but also the people communicate with him. They are including: mental health, quality of life, health, living conditions and needs in using health system resources.Objectives1,531 people were examined, who belonged to three qualitatively different comparison groups: patients with alcohol addiction (329 people); healthy relatives of patients with alcohol addiction (238 persons) and representatives of the general population (964 persons).Methodsclinical, clinical and psychopathological, methods of quantified scales and mathematical statistics.ResultsThe data obtained indicate that the majority of respondents who caused some harm to the respondents were men. But the level of harm of alcohol abuse of women was significantly higher. Alcohol abuse problems of microsocial environment (substance abuse, employment, financial problems, and health effects) had a more significant effect on depressive disorders in the control group than in the alcohol addiction group and their relatives. Significant correlation of depressive disorders due to the drunkenness of others was associated with fear for children, the possibility of aggression. Depressive disorders in the group relatives of patients with alcohol addiction correlated with aggression towards them with patients with alcohol addiction or persons in a state of alcohol intoxication, discomfort due to being with their relatives in public, at parties, inability to control alcohol use. It was shown that the presence of drinkers in the company of women significantly increases the specific weight of people with depressive disorders among them, while such an effect was not found among male respondents. It has been established that in the case of the presence of drinkers in the environment, the expressiveness of such manifestations of depression as insomnia increases the most in women; weight loss, sexual disorders; suicidal tendencies and feelings of guilt. The influence of presence of drinkers in the environment of children on tfrequency of manifestations of their discomfort is described. It has been confirmed that the most frequent cause of children’s ill health is their drinking parents, as well as other (besides parents and siblings) drinking relatives. It was found that in healthy respondents, the unfavorable features of the behavior of relatives and close drinkers are always directly correlated with indicators of the ill health of children in their environment, while in respondents addicted to alcohol, these correlations have a complex, mosaic nature.ConclusionsThe study found the prevalence of depressive disorders in the microsocial environment of drinkers. A significant decrease in the quality of life was noted primarily in children and women who had drinking relatives with a large number of drunk days.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Comparing the Effect of Music and Puzzle-Solving on Anxiety Before Surgery in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Hospitalization and the possibility of surgery are known as the main causes of anxiety in children, and anxiety is a natural physiological process in individuals that allows them to adapt and deal with a diversity of adverse conditions. The purpose of this research aimed to compare 2 methods of distraction including puzzle-solving and music on anxiety before pediatric surgery. This study is clinical trial research. First, 90 children 6 to 10 years old were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. In group A, the visual puzzlesolving items were presented, in group B, music with related pictures via a tablet was presented in the waiting room for surgery, and in group C, only standard care for each patient was presented. Anxiety before surgery was measured with a Children's Fear Scale questionnaire before moving the patient to the operating room, then 30 minutes before surgery in the pre-surgery waiting room, and the third stage immediately after transfer to the operating room before induction of anesthesia. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, and Tukey test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 21.0. The results of this research showed that the levels of anxiety significantly improved in the intervention groups compared to the control group after the intervention (P < .001). Music and puzzle-solving as complementary therapy can improve the levels of anxiety in children before surgery. Therefore, this technique can be recommended to be used along with modern medicine in children.

The relationship between temperament and dental fear and anxiety: a systematic review.

To investigate the relationship between temperament traits and dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in children and adolescents by the means of a systematic review (PROSPERO #CRD42020207578). The PEO (Population, Exposure, and Outcome) strategy was followed using children and adolescents as the population, temperament as the exposure, and DFA as the outcome. A systematic search for observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort) without restrictions on year or language of publication was performed in seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycINFO) in September 2021. Grey literature search was performed in OpenGrey, Google Scholar, and in the reference list of included studies. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out independently by two reviewers. The Fowkes and Fulton Critical Assessment Guideline was used to assess methodological quality of each study included. The GRADE approach was performed to determine the certainty of evidence of relationship between temperament traits. This study recovered 1362 articles, of which 12 were included. Despite the high heterogeneity of methodological aspects, qualitative synthesis by subgroups showed a positive association/correlation between emotionality, neuroticism, and shyness with DFA in children and adolescents. Different subgroups analysis showed similar results. Eight studies were classified as having low methodological quality. The main shortcoming of the included studies is the high risk of bias and a very low certainty of evidence. Within its limitations, children and adolescents with a temperament-like emotionality/neuroticism and shyness are more likely to present higher DFA.

The prevalence and influencing factors of gag reflex in children aged 7-14 years in the dental setting.

Gag reflex may occur in patients of all ages and often considered having a multifactorial aetiology. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of gag reflex in Turkish children aged 7-14 years in the dental setting. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 320 children aged between 7 and 14 years. First, an anamnesis form which include sosyodemographic status, monthly level of income, children past medical and dental experiences was filled by mothers. Children's fear levels were evaluated using the Dental Subscale of Children's Fear Survey Schedule(CFSS-DS) while mother's anxiety levels using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale(MDAS). The revised dentist section of gagging problem assessment questionnaire (GPA-R-de) was used for both children and mothers. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS program. The prevalence of gag reflex among children was 34.1%, among mothers was 20.3%. The association between child and mother gagging was found statistically significant (χ2 =53.121, p < 0.001). When the mother of the child gagged, the risk of child gagging increases 6.83 times (p < 0.001). Higher CFSS-DS scores of children increase risk of gagging (OR=1.052, p=0.023). Children who were previously treated mostly in public hospitals significantly more likely to gag compared with private dental clinics (OR=10.990, p < 0.001). It was concluded that negative past dental experiences, previous dental treatments with local anaesthesia, history of hospital admission, number and place of previous dental visits, dental fear level of children, and low education level and gagging of mother have an influence on the gagging of children.

How much maternal sensitivity is adaptive: Fear temperament, high-intensity fear, and preschooler's behavioral problems

BackgroundThe current study focused on the role of temperament and parenting in contributing to high-intensity fear during toddlerhood and its impact on behavioral problems in the preschool age. MethodsA sample of 1292 low-income rural families were recruited, where infant fear temperament at 6 months old and toddler's fear expressions at 15 months old were observed and assessed. Maternal sensitivity was also observed and assessed at both time points. Mothers rated their children's behavioral problems at 36 months old. ResultsA path model revealed quadratic effects of maternal sensitivity on the development of high-intensity fear at 15 months, in that a moderate level of maternal sensitivity was linked with higher high-intensity fear for children with extra high temperamental fear, while high and low levels of maternal sensitivity were linked with higher high-intensity fear for those with extra low temperamental fear. A quadratic effect was also found, where high maternal sensitivity channeled toddlers with low normal fear towards internalizing behaviors at 36 months. Finally, a quadratic effect suggested that high maternal sensitivity increased the risks for externalizing behaviors at 36 months for toddlers with high versus low levels of high-intensity fear. LimitationsThe low-income, rural community sample limited study generalizability. ConclusionsThese findings speak to the complexity of person-environment interactions in the development of fear and associated behavioral problems, with implications for future research and intervention efforts.

Association between Intelligence Quotient Dental Anxiety and Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Children: A Cross-sectional Study.

Determining the intelligence quotient (IQ) grades of children help in managing dental anxiety (DA) and maintaining the good oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). To assess the association between IQ, DA, and OHRQoL in children aged 10-11 years. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 202 children aged 10-11 years in the Southern part of Tamil Nadu, India. The IQ level, DA, and OHRQoL were measured using Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM), Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), and Child Oral Health Impact Profile Short Form (COHIP-SF) 19, respectively. Chi-squared test and Spearman rank order correlation test were used for analysis. The results revealed a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05; r = -0.239) between IQ and OHRQoL. DA was negatively correlated with IQ (r = -0.093) and OHRQoL (r = -0.065), but it was not statistically significant. The gender-based comparison revealed no significant difference in the distribution of girls and boys within different grades of IQ levels (p = 0.74), DA (p = 0.29), and OHRQoL (p = 0.85). Children with higher IQ showed low OHRQoL scores. DA was negatively correlated with IQ and OHRQoL. Asokan S, PR GP, Mathiazhagan T, et al. Association between Intelligence Quotient Dental Anxiety and Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(6):745-749.

Positive effects of a child-centered intervention on children's fear and pain during needle procedures.

To examine whether children experience less fear or pain using a child-centered intervention and if there were differences between the intervention group and the control group regarding heart rate, time required for the procedure, success rate for the cannula insertion, and patient satisfaction. A controlled single-center case study of observational design, with one control and one intervention group. Child self-reported fear or pain levels did not reveal any differences for those receiving the intervention compared with controls. However, according to a behavioral observation measure with the Procedure Behavior Check List, effects of the intervention were lower distress in relation to fear and pain during the cannula insertion. The time it took to perform the cannula insertion also decreased significantly in the intervention group. More children in the intervention group reported that they were satisfied with the needle procedure compared with the children in the control group. The child-centered intervention provides reduced observed distress related to fear and pain in children undergoing a cannula insertion and reduced total time by more than 50%. This study found that child involvement in care strengthen their ability to manage a needle procedure.

Study of dental phobia, psychological resilience, and related factors in children aged 8-9 years in Weifang city.

To investigate the influencing factors of children's dental fear (CDF) and the relationship of CDF with resilience in children aged 8-9 years in Weifang city to provide evidence for the early prevention and intervention of CDF. Random cluster sampling method was applied. A total of 1 995 children aged 8-9 years from 10 primary schools in four districts of Weifang city were selected from June to October 2021 as the survey objects. General information questionnaire, the children's fear survey schedule-dental sub-scale, and adolescent resilience scale were used in the investigation. The CDF detection rate was 31.78% (634 cases) in children aged 8-9 years in Weifang city, including 28.41% (296 cases) in boys and 35.47% (338 cases) in girls. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that female gender [odds ratio (OR)=1.329, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.062-1.665], dental caries (OR=1.961, 95%CI=1.330-2.891), dental pain (OR=2.133, 95%CI=1.700-2.676), and dental treatment experience (OR=3.621, 95%CI=2.888-4.540) are risk factors for CDF. Parents with tertiary education or higher (OR=2.123, 95%CI=1.546-2.916; OR=3.304, 95%CI=2.368-4.612), high scores in the positive cognition factor of the psychological resilience-personal strength dimension (OR=1.520, 95%CI=1.141-2.025), high scores in the interpersonal assistance factor of the psychological resilience-support strength dimension (OR=3.819, 95%CI=2.743-5.318), and high scores in the family support factor (OR=5.634, 95%CI=4.047-7.844) were protective factors for CDF occurrence (P<0.05). Children with high psychological resilience scores have low CDF incidence, and good parenting practices are beneficial in reducing CDF incidence.

Barriers in the School-Based Pan-Gender HPV Vaccination Program in Sweden: Healthcare Providers' Perspective.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines effectively prevent, and can even eliminate, HPV-related cancers. Currently, vaccination rates are suboptimal in the national Swedish school-based vaccination program. School nurses play a key role in all aspects of the vaccination process. Therefore, this study aims to explore school nurses' perceived HPV vaccination challenges. Seven focus group interviews were conducted with school nurses (n = 35) working in nine socio-demographically diverse municipalities in mid-Sweden. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Participants described difficulties in encountering and handling the diversity of reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Parents known to be skeptical of vaccines in general were seen as most difficult to reach. Uncertainty was expressed concerning the extent of professional responsibility for vaccine promotion. The informants expressed a lack of guidelines for vaccine promotion and described challenges in supporting the child's own wishes. Creating a safe space for the individual child was seen as crucial. Other problems described were the challenges of overcoming children's fear of needles, supporting unvaccinated children, and being confronted with the remaining gender inequities of the pan-gender vaccination program. Our results suggest that school nurses, especially those new to their profession, may benefit from training and guidance22 material on how to address vaccine hesitancy.

The effect of the distraction methods used before the COVID-19 test on the fear and anxiety levels of children: a RCT study

ABSTRACT The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the distraction methods employed before nasopharyngeal swab sampling from children within the scope of the COVID test on their anxiety and fear levels. The study was an RCT with parallel groups conducted according to the CONSORT statement at the pediatric emergency unit of a hospital in Turkey. Children aged 5–10 years were randomized into three groups: Kaleidoscope, Visual Illusion Cards, and control. Data were collected by the researchers using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Children’s Anxiety Meter-State, and the Children’s Fear Scale. According to the reports of the children, the parents, and the nurse, the mean anxiety score and the mean fear score in the experimental groups were significantly lower after the nasopharyngeal swab procedure compared to the control group (p < .05). Fear and anxiety were observed less in the visual illusion cards group and the kaleidoscope group.

The effect of playing music and mother's voice to children on sedation level and requirement during pediatric magnetic resonance imaging

BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging examinations frequently cause anxiety and fear in children. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of listening to music sound, the mother's voice, and sound isolation on the depth of sedation and need for sedatives in pediatric patients who would undergo MRI. MethodsNinety pediatric patients aged 3 to 12 years who were planned for imaging in the MRI unit were randomly assigned to isolation group (Group I), musical sound group (Group II), and mother's voice group (Group III). We evaluated patients' anxiety and sedation levels via the Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) ResultsHeart rate, oxygen saturation, OAA/S, and Ramsey scores during the procedure were not significantly different among the groups (p>0.05). The mean amount of propofol and total propofol consumption was statistically lower in the mother's voice group than in the isolation and music sound groups (p<0.001). Mean propofol amount and total propofol consumption were not significantly different in isolation and music sound groups (p>0.05). No difference was found between the groups regarding the time it took for the patients' Modified Aldrete score to reach 9 (p>0.05). ConclusionsIn pediatric patients, listening to the mother's voice during MRI decreased the total sedative requirement consumed without increasing the depth of sedation.

How "peer-fear" of others' evaluations can regulate young children's cooperation.

Children's cooperation with peers undergoes substantial developmental changes between 3 and 10 years of age. Here we stipulate that young children's initial fearfulness of peers' behaviour develops into older children's fearfulness of peers' evaluations of their own behaviour. Cooperation may constitute an adaptive environment in which the expressions of fear and self-conscious emotions regulate the quality of children's peer relationships.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain Perception and Fear among Children with Cancer Undergoing IV Cannulation.

Cancer children are subjected to multiple cannulations during hospitalization. Pain and fear are most common during invasive procedures that are performed, especially IV cannulation, which can lead to worry. Exactly 25% of children are reported to have a fear of needle-related procedures. To examine the impact of virtual reality (VR) distraction on pain perception and fear in children with cancer undergoing IV cannulation. Using a quasi-experimental design, 80 cancer children with IV cannulation between ages 7-18 were recruited to the intervention and control group (N = 40 + 40) using the purposive sampling technique. The virtual reality distraction device was used 10 min before the peripheral IV cannulation procedure and remained in place until the procedure was completed in the intervention group, and no device was used in the control group. Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and Children's Fear Scale were used to assess the pain and fear of children and their mothers. Pain perception was found to be significantly lower in the VR distraction group among both children and mothers (1.82 ± 0.18, 8.01 ± 3.21) 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.82, 2.16] compared to the control group, respectively (P = 0.001**). Fear was found to be significantly lower in the VR distraction group among both children and mothers (0.81 ± 0.71, 3.01 ± 1.42) 95% CI [0.46, 0.91]. A strong positive correlation was found between children's and mothers' pain perception (r = 0.91, P = 0.001**) and fear (r = 0.84, P = 0.001**). VR distraction can be used as an effective device in pain and fear management among children undergoing IV cannulation.

Under greater cooperative care, childhood fear is more accommodated, but less warranted.

The target article posits that caregiver cooperation rendered heightened expression of childhood fear an adaptive response to threat. I argue that caregiver cooperation rendered childhood fear expression less accurate as a signal of actual threat, and hence less effective for harm avoidance. Further, other emotional expressions that avoid unwarranted caregiver stress may be more likely to evoke needed care.

Trends of conscious sedation in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the Dankook University Dental Hospital for 11 Years.

Anxiety and fear in children's dental care are major impediments to successful dental care. High-quality dental treatment can be achieved using various behavioral control methods; however, conscious sedation using drugs can be used if behavioral control is difficult, owing to excessive fear and anxiety. This study aimed to examine the trends in conscious sedation implemented in pediatric dentistry at the Dankook University Dental Hospital over the past 11 years. This study included 6,438 cases of dental treatment under conscious sedation conducted over 11 years between January 2011 and December 2021 in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Dankook University Dental Hospital. Over the past 11 years, the number of dental treatments under sedation has increased. In the case of inhalation sedation using nitrous oxide, the rate of increase was approximately twice every year, and the use of midazolam gradually decreased. The average age of children who underwent sedation was 5.11 years, and the rate of sedation treatment in children aged <4 years tended to decrease, while that of children aged >5 years tended to increase. This is related to the trend of changes in drugs used. In a sex-based survey, sedation treatment rate was higher in males than that in females. Appropriate selection of sedatives can reduce the frequency of general anesthesia and minimize complications through efficient and safe dental treatments. Trend analysis of sedation by year will help provide guidelines for the appropriate selection of sedation for dental treatment of children and patients with disability.

Dentophobia, Exploring Parental Factors - A Cross-sectional Survey

Aim To examine the relationship between parentsrsquo socioeconomic status parental dental anxiety parenting style on childrenrsquos oral health behaviour childrenrsquos dental anxiety and dental visit frequency.Methods A cross-sectional study was designed with a sample of 101 physically and mentally healthy children in the age group of 6-13 years. Two google forms were formulated. One for the parents to fill out and the other form for the child. Form 1 to be filled by the parent included four sections - Socio-demographic details Dental anxiety scale CORAHrsquoS revised DAS-R Parenting style and dimension questions PSDQ Childrenrsquos fear survey schedule CFSS-DS. Form 2 to be filled by the child included three sections - Dental anxiety scale CORAHrsquoS revised DAS-R Oral health behaviour perception scale and Childrenrsquos fear survey schedule CFSS-DS.Using the results of the two formsThe proportion of children with dental anxiety was assessed.Comparison of childrenrsquos dental anxiety to those of their parents was done.The correlation between parenting style to a childrsquos dental anxiety was assessed.Childrsquos oral health behaviour was correlated to their anxiety.Socioeconomic status with oral health behaviour was assessed.Childrsquos degree of anxiousness was determined.Results This study investigated the association between childrenrsquos dental fear and anxiety DFA and family-related factors. It showed significant correlation between dental anxiety of children and dental anxiety of parents oral health behaviour of parents fear in parents. Oral health behaviour perception of children was found to be significantly associated with dental anxiety of parents oral health behaviour perception of parents and fear in parents. Fear in children was found associated with dental anxiety of parents oral health behaviour perception of parents.Conclusion It can be concluded that parentsrsquo dental fear and anxiety are reflected in their children. It in turn affects the childrsquos oral hygiene behaviour