Children's Career Research Articles

Impact of a chapter book and collectible cards describing the lives of seven veterinarians on third-grade students' career aspirations and expectations.

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of exposure to a chapter book and collectible cards describing the lives of 7 veterinarians on career aspirations and expectations of third-grade students. DESIGN Survey. SAMPLE 176 third-grade students from 6 schools in Indiana. PROCEDURES Students responded to a questionnaire by stating their career aspirations and expectations before and within 8 days after classroom exposure to the chapter book and collectible cards. RESULTS As a group, significantly more students answered that they would like or expect to be a veterinarian when they are an adult after exposure to the book and cards. By gender, more boys, but not girls, answered that they would like or expect to be a veterinarian after exposure to the book and cards. Additionally, more White students and more rural students answered that they expected to be a veterinarian after exposure to the book and cards. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that young children's career aspirations and expectations can be influenced, at least in the short term, by exposure to educational materials about veterinary medicine when delivered as part of a classroom curriculum.

Counselling psychology research in Greece

Research activity in the field of counselling psychology has been growing relatively fast in Greece, raising new scientific challenges and generating new knowledge relevant to the Greek population and culture. In an effort to disseminate the current advances in this special field and to stimulate discussion on the future research directions, this special issue of The European Journal of Counselling Psychology is dedicated to recent developments in counselling and counselling psychology research in Greece.The scientific fields of Counselling and Counselling Psychology are fairly new in Greece and it is primarily due to the recently established post-graduate programmes that these psychology specialties have become better known in our country. Thanks to these and other European post-graduate counsellor education programs, mainly in Anglo-Saxon countries, Greek students now have the opportunity to systematically study and practice counselling in various settings, drawing from diverse orientations, theories and models. As a result, many young scientists have poured into the field with some of them occupying relevant academic positions in the main Greek universities. They constitute a very active, albeit small, research community, conducting counselling, teaching and investigating various issues related to the specific characteristics of the Greek culture and population.To give a flavor of this activity, six articles have been invited, which we believe provide a representative sample of the research currently being carried out in our country. The articles have been presented at the 5th PanHellenic Counselling Psychology Conference, which took place at the University of Patras in November 2014. All articles address issues that are considered important regarding therapeutic applications of counselling Greek people. In addition, all studies have been conducted by eminent Greek scholars and their collaborators, using rigorous methodological approaches, which varied from qualitative to quantitative methods and from case studies to longitudinal research designs. By reading these papers, one gets a feeling for the variability of the topics that Greek counsellors and counselling psychologists deal with, as well as their propositions of where future research should mostly focus.The first three papers examine issues related to children's special physical psychological or mental states. The last two papers focus more on family related issues. The fourth paper is the only one touching upon the effects of the economic crisis on people's well-being. This longitudinal study tries to investigate the role of the economic crisis, which started in Greece around 2010, on several psychological problems such as depression, anxiety and stress.The special issue begins with a paper co-authored by Angeliki Gena, Petros Galanis, Erifylli Tsirempolou, Eleni Michalopoulou, and Kalliopi Sarafidou regarding Parent-Training for Families with a Child with ASD: A Naturalistic Systemic Behavior Analytic Model. The paper aims at presenting the importance of early intervention in the case of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), based on an intensive parent-training programme. Although the study described in the paper was based on only two cases of toddlers, it managed to highlight the procedures through which such a program can prove its effectiveness.The second paper entitled Parents' and School Career Counsellors' Evaluations of the Occupational Competence of Children with Dyslexia is by Kleopatra Diakogiorgi and Ermioni Tsiligirian. It studies the cognitions of parents of dyslexic children and school career counsellors about dyslexic children's career choices by examining their evaluations of occupational competence (EOCs). …

Parenting Gains in Head Start as a Function of Initial Parenting Skill.

Using data from the Head Start Impact Study (n = 3,696), this article examines whether one year of Head Start differentially benefited parents as a function of their initial parenting behaviors. Four outcomes are examined, namely parents' rates of engaging in cognitive stimulation, reading to their child, and spanking, as well as their depressive symptoms. In general, most parents demonstrated improvements in their reading practices and cognitive stimulation, regardless of their parenting behaviors at baseline. However, depressive symptoms and spanking behavior showed improvements only among parents who began the Head Start program with the most depressive symptoms and the most frequent spanking, respectively. These findings suggest that treatment-induced changes in parenting can vary by parents' incoming attributes and that heterogeneity of effects should be considered. Implications for Head Start and other parenting interventions are discussed.

Ecology of Children's Career Development: A Review of the Literature

ABSTRACT Previous efforts to elaborate an organizing framework for the study of children's career development identified its main dimensions and processes. However, the existing literature on children's ecological subsystems is scarce. This article presents a literature review of the context of children's career development. Based on Bronfenbrenner's theory, 36 eligible articles covered the following subjects: the microsystems family and school; the mesosystems family-school/peer-school relations and antecedents of transitions; the exosystems parents' work situation, social class, curriculum and teachers' professional development; the macrosystems ethnicity and culture; and the chronosystems passage of time over the life-course and across generations. An ecological perspective can be included in an organizing framework of children's careers and support further research and intervention. Empirical and practical implications are discussed.

Individualisation and familisation in Japan's home-owning democracy

Japan's post-war housing system has been dominated by family-owned housing. However, the centrality of family home ownership has declined since the 1990s. Housing careers and family formation patterns have diverged leading to the re-organisation of boundaries separating owning and renting. Using Japan as a focus, this paper explores the role of individualisation and familisation in transforming homeowner societies. On one hand, the individualisation of younger generations in Japan has encouraged a notable increase in one-person households living in private rented housing. On the other hand, a growing number of young households have purchased houses with assistance from their parents. This has been interpreted as an intergenerational familisation of access to home ownership. There is also an increasing number of unmarried adults living in their parents’ homes, which reflects the individualisation of younger cohorts and simultaneously the familisation of adult children's early housing careers. Moreover, it has recently been pointed out that Japan's system of extended family households and the related practice of transferring family properties across generations, has not declined. This paper argues that individualisation and familisation are combining to reorganise the ‘edges’ of home ownership, by helping determine who can enter owner-occupied housing sectors, and who is excluded.

The Effects of Perceived Parental Expectations for the Future Careers of Children on Career Decision-Making Difficulties among Undergraduate Students : Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Desire for the Future Jobs in Public Sector and Big Business

The Effects of Perceived Parental Expectations for the Future Careers of Children on Career Decision-Making Difficulties among Undergraduate Students : Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Desire for the Future Jobs in Public Sector and Big Business

International note: Are Emirati parents' attitudes toward mathematics linked to their adolescent children's attitudes toward mathematics and mathematics achievement?

Drawing on data from the 2012 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) and employing multilevel modeling as an analytic strategy, this study examined the relations of adolescent children's perceptions of their parents' attitudes towards mathematics to their own attitudes towards mathematics and mathematics achievement among a sample of 5116 adolescents from 384 schools in the United Arab Emirates. The results of this cross-sectional study revealed that adolescents who perceived that their parents liked mathematics and considered mathematics was important for their children not only to study but also for their career tended to report higher levels of intrinsic and instrumental motivation to learn mathematics, mathematics self-concept and self-efficacy, and mathematics work ethic. Moreover, adolescents who perceived that their parents liked mathematics and considered mathematics was important for their children's career tended to report positive intentions and behaviors toward mathematics. However, adolescents who perceived that their parents considered mathematics was important for their children's career tended to report higher levels of mathematics anxiety. Finally, adolescents who perceived that their parents considered mathematics was important for their children to study performed significantly better on the mathematics assessment than did their peers whose parents disregarded the importance of learning mathematics.

Perencanaan Komunikasi Bank Mandiri Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan

The Effective parent communication with their children in terms of child education will support the achievement of optimal learning achievement. Being a parent's career is a life choice. The reason they work because of a demand to meet the needs of the economy and a social demand at this point that encourages parents not only father and mother engage in work outside the home. Parents to a career decision can not be released from his responsibilities as the primary educator in the family. The success of the learning achievement of children in school, there is effective communication relationship with both parents. In connection with it, the writer is interested in conducting further research on the relationship parent communication with the learning achievement of children's career acceleration program in SD Muhammadiyah 7 Bandung. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parent communications career and academic achievement of children. This research is expected to be useful to provide input and consideration for parents of a career in the field of communication sciences in particular and generally for other disciplines. The data obtained will be analyzed using quantitative correlational analysis to determine the relationship between variables. In this research, the weighting of indicators parent communication and learning achievement career with ordinal scale with the Spearman rank correlation test model. Based on the analysis later in this study concluded that H0 is accepted or rejected H1 is no relationship between parental communication careers and academic achievement. Advice given researchers in this study is that parents can establish communications career and good relationship quality with their children.

Emotional aspects of childhood career development: importance and future agenda

Childhood is a central period for career and social-emotional development. However, the literature covering childhood career development and the role of emotions in careers is scarce. In this article, we advocate for the consideration of emotions in childhood career development. Emotional aspects of children’s career exploration, key-figures and interests, as well as of childhood antecedents of lifelong career processes are presented. Relations between childhood emotion, behavior, functioning and learning are also presented. Conclusions center on a call for focused study of the role of emotion in childhood career development and how such an agenda will advance the literature.

Maternal Education and the Link between Birth Timing and Children's School Readiness.

This study explored whether mothers' education magnified the benefits of their fertility delays for their children. Multiple-group path modeling assessed whether and why the positive association between mothers' age at first birth and children's test scores was greater for children of college educated women than children of other women. Older age at first birth was associated with higher math and reading test scores among the children of college educated women via their mothers' higher income and cognitive support for children. These mediational paths were less pronounced among the children of high school educated women and were not observed among the children of high school dropouts. The potential for women's delayed fertility to have benefits for their children's early educational experiences depended on their own educational attainment.

아동이 지각하는 어머니의 양육태도가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향 : 진로성숙도의 매개효과

아동이 지각하는 어머니의 양육태도가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향 : 진로성숙도의 매개효과

Is Science for Us? Black Students' and Parents' Views of Science and Science Careers.

ABSTRACTThere are widespread policy concerns to improve (widen and increase) science, technology, engineering, and mathematics participation, which remains stratified by ethnicity, gender, and social class. Despite being interested in and highly valuing science, Black students tend to express limited aspirations to careers in science and remain underrepresented in post‐16 science courses and careers, a pattern which is not solely explained by attainment. This paper draws on survey data from nationally representative student cohorts and longitudinal interview data collected over 4 years from 10 Black African/Caribbean students and their parents, who were tracked from age 10–14 (Y6–Y9), as part of a larger study on children's science and career aspirations. The paper uses an intersectional analysis of the qualitative data to examine why science careers are less “thinkable” for Black students. A case study is also presented of two young Black women who “bucked the trend” and aspired to science careers. The paper concludes with implications for science education policy and practice.

아동기 진로지도를 위한 부모코칭프로그램의 구성 및 적용효과

The purpose of this study was to show that parents can provide career guidance coaching for their children at home in conjunction with the primary education curriculum. The need for and importance of children to receive career guidance has been emphasized more and more, and career guidance has already been implemented in children's education programs. According to this purpose, an exploratory study was conducted with the development of a parent coaching program for children's career guidance, and the components of the program were reviewed, reconfigured and verified. In developing the program, the requirements survey was conducted for 70 parents who had a child attended at elementary school on September 2013, and the result of this survey was reflected in the program. The program was conducted with 8 sessions for 16 mothers who had a student of lower-grade of the elementary school located at Suwon city, Gyeonggi-do, and the effect of this program was analyzed qualitatively. This program supports the parents’ role of searching for, developing, and managing their children's career as a coach in their children's developmental stage. Thus, this program is expected to have a positive effect, from children's career recognition to their selection of their own career.

Childhood Career Development in Mainland China: A Research and Practice Agenda

Career development in adolescence and adulthood has been widely researched; however, less is known about childhood career development, particularly in non‐Western cultures. This is especially the case in mainland China, where children grow up in a unique context. The Confucian tradition of emphasizing education as an important social ladder and parents' role in their children's development may restrict children's development of career‐planning skills. By contrast, the shift from a planned economy to a market economy enables individuals to choose careers and demands that individuals have career‐planning skills. The elementary school years could be a starting point to develop such skills by providing career guidance for children. This article considers childhood career development in mainland China, discusses the status quo of childhood career development research and practice, and considers an agenda for future research and practice.

Executive Function Treatment and Intervention in Schools

This selective review article examines treatment and intervention strategies for executive function (EF) deficits within the school environment. We begin by providing a broad definition of EF. We then examine the scope of EF deficits within the school setting and identify profiles of special populations of students who present with such deficits. A focus is placed on the developmental trajectory that both EF and the frontal lobes follow and how this drives the selection and effectiveness of treatments and interventions at particular “critical periods” throughout a child's academic career. Direct and indirect school-based diagnostic assessment methods to identify EF deficits in students will be briefly reviewed. Against that background, various treatment methods and intervention strategies to remediate both cognitive and affective EF deficits within the confines of the school setting will be presented. Individual and group intervention strategies will be presented as will their current acceptance within the scientific community and applicability to the educational arena. The importance of incorporating school-based neuropsychological assessment methods that aid in the differential diagnosis of academic and behavioral difficulties directly related to EF will also be discussed, as the accurate identification of these impairments is necessary to facilitate data-based decision making when selecting the most appropriate interventions following a developmental model in educational settings. Topics addressing EF treatment modalities and research-based interventions for clinical and school-based practitioners to consider within educational settings will also be presented as suggestions for future research with pediatric populations.

The Effect of 'Occupation' Project on Young Children's Career Awareness

The Effect of 'Occupation' Project on Young Children's Career Awareness

Parenting in youth sport: A position paper on parenting expertise

ObjectivesIn line with the aims of this special issue, the purpose of this paper is to forward a position on the concept of sport parenting expertise through the presentation of six key postulates. DesignLiterature review and position statement. MethodBy adopting methods associated with an academic position paper, a statement is presented that we believe encapsulates sport parenting expertise. Six key postulates of parenting expertise, formulated from critically reviewing and interpreting relevant literature, are then presented. ResultsWe propose that sport parenting expertise is dependent on the degree to which parents demonstrate a range of competencies; namely that parents, (a) select appropriate sporting opportunities and provide necessary types of support, (b) understand and apply appropriate parenting styles, (c) manage the emotional demands of competitions, (d) foster healthy relationships with significant others, (e) manage organizational and developmental demands associated with sport participation, and, (f) adapt their involvement to different stages of their child's athletic career. ConclusionExpertise in sport parenting requires parents to develop knowledge and utilize a range of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational skills in order to support their child, manage themselves, and operate effectively in the wider youth sport environment. Recommendations for applied researchers to further investigate these postulates and substantiate the components of sport parenting expertise are offered.

Consulting young children about barriers and supports to learning

ABSTRACTFrom consideration of children's rights in general and equal opportunities for disabled children in particular, it is important to consult children about barriers and supports to learning and participation. Finding appropriate and feasible ways, however, to incorporate this into educational programmes for younger children can present challenges. Here we report on what happened when teachers from reception classes in England for children aged 4–5 years implemented activities designed to access pupils' views about what helps or hinders at school. Teachers evaluated the feasibility and usefulness of the activities and, together with a small sample of children's responses, this showed that young children could indeed identify aspects of school life they like or dislike, laying the foundations for identifying barriers and supports to learning. Teachers' responses highlighted the importance of careful choice of activity to meet the needs of young children, particularly those with communication difficulties and/or low self-confidence, with staff in some cases adapting and merging activities to suit pupils' needs. Sensitive issues emerged concerning the introduction of consultation activities early in children's school careers. The implications of a compliant rather than collaborative approach by teachers are discussed in the context of children's right to have their views heard, and their developing understanding of difference.

Parent–child career construction: A narrative study from a gender perspective

Nine families composed of mother and father, one son and one daughter were involved in this study to examine the role played by parents on children's career development from a gender perspective. In particular, this paper addresses the questions of how the parent–child dyad constructs stories about the child's career and the role played in it by the parent, and how same-sex dyads versus opposite-sex shape these stories. The narrative method was used as it lends itself to capturing family members storytelling about children's career. A narrative interview was administered to thirty-six participants with the data being analyzed using the adaptation of a tried-and-tested narrative analysis procedure. The findings show the importance of same-sex dyads in constructing career stories, plotted around themes of father–son educational and occupational transmission and mother–daughter alliance in facilitating girls' self-making. The study shows how storytelling helps family members to accommodate disruptions experienced during career transitions and to motivate choices that make vocational identity more stable. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

English

Despite the weak involvement of families in the school life of their children, there is a widespread perception and a tacit acceptance of the importance of this involvement and implication, by the strong and positive correlation that it has with the school and educational success of children, adolescents and youngsters. In a research carried out under the PhD in Educational Sciences and from the perception of parents and teachers who play the roles of Class Tutors, it was possible to identity very significant benefits that can result from a close and constructive relationship between the school, the surrounding community, and particularly families. The joint reflection on these results as well as the objective to put it at the service of the improvement of the school educational activity, the project Parents and Teachers in Training/Action was born. Aiming the promotion of an active and informed participation of families in their children's school careers and relying on the commitment of the internal actors, this project chooses as primary intervention strategy the training of parents and teachers as they are more directly responsible in the educational process. Through the development and deepening — by specialized teams — topics, mostly suggested by recipients, a contribution to the construction of a space of reflection around the complex daily school life is provided, in joint pursuit of the most appropriate responses to the problems and constraints that characterize it.