Preparation Of Children Research Articles

The importance of games in pre-school age

As the leading type of activity of preschool children is play, games are the basis of organizing their preparation for school. In order to increase the effectiveness of children's preparation for school training, it is useful to apply didactic games in training sessions. Knowledge given in the form of a fun game is more quickly, solidly and easily grasped by children. The game is a type of training where the student actively and creatively learns the behavior rules and norms of the society, people's attitude to work, public property, mutual relations between people.

Therapeutic Procedures and Care of a Child Nursing Considerations

As pediatric nurses, our mission is atraumatic care i.e. to shield children from needless trauma and pain caused by medical procedures. Child's preparation prior to the procedure includes need based assessment of the procedure and readiness for procedure, building trust and establishing rapport as well as clustering multiple procedures to minimize trauma. Prior to procedure informed consent is necessary whenever required. It is essential to follow family centred care and educate the child and family as family is the integral part of child’s life. Preparation of child according to age, utilization of age appropriate equipment and age specific techniques, keen observation of child and surrounding are important aspect of childcare. Pharmacological, non-pharmacological and psychological strategies, involvement of loved one’s aid for minimizing the pain fear anxiety and distress. The physical and psychological safety of child should be of prime concern while performing a nursing procedure on child, the aim should be to successfully complete the procedure minimizing the negative effects of the same. Therefore, it is vital that any medical procedure is ended in a positive manner.

The impact of parent mediation on young children's home digital literacy practices and learning: A narrative review

AbstractBackgroundIn today's society, a growing body of literature attests to the importance of young children's early digital literacy skills in their home environments and how acquisition of these digital literacy skills relates to their future learning and digital literacy.ObjectivesResearch on young children's digital literacy practices at home was reviewed to explore the positive and negative influences on early learning. This is important due to the children's rapid uptake of online digital technologies over the past decade.MethodsPeer‐reviewed research articles on home digital literacy practices of children (aged 0–8 years old) published between 2010 and 2021 from four education databases were carefully selected based upon pre‐determined criteria and examined using content analysis.Results and ConclusionA high proportion of studies (29 of the 31; 93.5%) demonstrated significant benefits of young children gaining a range of skills, including digital operational, early literacy and language, socio‐emotional, and STEM, through the use of digital technologies at home. Five of the 31 (16.12%) studies reported negative effects of digital technologies in the home context, including distraction, aggressive behaviour, and false self‐confidence. Tablets and smartphone use gained greater momentum in the home context, especially between 2015 and 2021, and there was a positive shift in parental mediation, family involvement, and the children's home digital literacy practices.ImplicationsBy leveraging children's acquisition of digital literacy skills in the home and taking into account the sociocultural context, we can enhance young children's preparation for the future and provide opportunities for skill development across various learning domains.

Use of Herbal Tea/Herbal Preparations for Children with Symptoms of Viral Upper Respiratory Infections.

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common in children. To treat the symptoms of simple health problems, individuals look for natural healing methods that can be easily prepared at home. The aim of this study was to determine the plants and herbal products used by the parents of children suffering from viral upper respiratory tract symptoms by questionaire. In the study, applications and products, other than plants used by families for their children were also investigated. This study is a cross-sectional survey conducted at Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University (Ankara, Türkiye). A questionnaire form was used by scanning the existing literature and reviewed with the patients face to face by the researchers. The data obtained from the study were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical program. About half of the participants reported that they used non-chemical drug practices for their children with upper RTIs. The most common practice was to prepare herbal tea (30.5%), followed by mandarin/orange and/or their juice (26.9%) for oral application. The most used herbal tea for upper RTIs is with linden (Tilia sp.). Patients who used linden usually prepared it as tea, in other words by infusion, and served their children 1-2 cups/1-3 times a week. Except for herbal tea, the participants mostly used honey (19.0%) for their children's symptoms. Where available, appropriate doses and dosage forms of herbal supplement products with scientifically proven efficacy and safety should be determined for the pediatric population. Parents should use these products based on the recommendations of their pediatrician.

Long-Term Data Confirm the Superiority of Total Body Irradiation-Containing Conditioning Regimen in Comparison to a Chemotherapy-Based Preparation in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Above the Age of 4 Years Given an Unmanipulated Allograft. Results of the Forum Randomized Clinical Trial

Background Conditioning regimen plays a crucial role in determining the outcomes of patients with hematological malignancy treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In a multicenter, international, randomized, phase 3 clinical Trial (FORUM study), we documented (Peters C, et al. J Clin Oncol 2021) that children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) given total body irradiation (TBI) in combination with etoposide had a superior probability of 2-year overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in comparison to patients given either one of two myeloablative chemo-conditioning regimens. In this report, we assessed whether the benefit deriving from the use of TBI was sustained over time. Patients and methods Patients <18 years at diagnosis, 4-21 years at HSCT, in complete morphological remission (CR) pre-HSCT, and with an HLA-compatible related or unrelated donor (UD) were randomly assigned 1:1 to a myeloablative conditioning regimen with fractionated TBI and etoposide or fludarabine, thiotepa, and either busulfan (BU) or treosulfan (TREO). Children transplanted from a matched sibling donor (MSD) received cyclosporine A only as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis, whereas recipients of UD HSCT also received short-term methotrexate and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG). Further details on transplant procedure have been described elsewhere (Peters C, et al. J Clin Oncol 2021). Results Between 04/2013 and 12/2018, 413 patients were randomly assigned to receive either TBI (212) or a chemotherapy-based conditioning (201). Compliance with random assignment was 92%. Sixty-five percent of patients were male, 72% had B-cell precursor ALL, 73% were transplanted from a UD, and in 82% of patients bone marrow was the stem cell source employed. Fifty-four percent of patients were in CR1 at time of allograft, while 40% and 4% were transplanted in CR2 and CR3, respectively. Patient's outcomes were updated on February 1st, 2022. With a median follow-up of 3.7 years (range, 0.3-7.9), the 3-year probability of OS of patients allocated to TBI/etoposide or to the chemotherapy-based conditioning regimens was 90±2% and 71±3% (p<0.001), respectively, while that of 3-year EFS was 81±3% and 59±4% (p<0.001). OS and EFS remain comparable in patients receiving BU or TREO in combination with fludarabine and thiotepa. In detail, OS and EFS of the 102 patients given BU, fludarabine and thiotepa were 73±5% and 69±5% respectively, while those of the 99 patients treated with TREO, fludarabine and thiotepa were 62±5% and 61±5%. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the use of chemotherapy-based regimens correlated with worse OS [Hazard Ratio, HR, 2.63, 95% confidence interval, CI, (1.61- 4.31), p<0.001] and EFS [HR 2.30, 95%CI (1.58- 3.35) p<0.001]. Transplantation in >CR1 predicted a worse EFS in multivariate analysis, as well [HR 1.67, 95% CI (1.14- 2.45) p=0.009]. Patients given TBI benefited from a lower cumulative incidence of relapse (Figure 1A), as well as from a lower 3-year cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality (2+1% vs. 10+2% in the chemo arm, p=0.007). The 3-year cumulative incidence of chronic GvHD was comparable between the 2 arms (15+3% vs. 12+2% in the TBI and chemo arm, respectively, p=n.s.). We also analyzed the probability of GvHD/relapse-free survival (GRFS) considering both relapse and chronic GvHD as events; children prepared with TBI had a better 3-year GRFS probability (Figure 1B) as compared to chemo-prepared patients. Five patients (all transplanted from an UD) developed secondary malignancies: 4 of them had received TBI. Conclusions With a significantly longer follow-up, we confirm that the use of TBI during the conditioning regimen is associated with better outcomes in children and adolescents with ALL above the age of 4 years transplanted in CR, mainly due to a lower risk of leukemia recurrence. The number of cases of secondary malignancies, particularly in patients offered radiotherapy, deserves particular attention and underlines the importance of continuous safety monitoring over time to comprehensively evaluate the long-term sequels observed in this population. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

Children's preparation for school education in foreign experience

The readiness of children for school education is important today in the life and development of children, the experience of foreign countries highlights the readiness of children for school education, its ways. Taking samples from foreign experience, introducing them in practice with a creative approach, development of normative documents, teaching aids, teaching materials in accordance with modern requirements, on the basis of advanced foreign experience in the heads and specialists of preschool educational institutions Tasks for the formation of knowledge and skills in the field of modern management and pedagogical technologies.

The Efficacy of Virtual Reality Game Preparation for Children Scheduled for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Procedures (IMAGINE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundIt is known that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures generate fear and anxiety. Children may become restless during scanning, which results in movement artifacts requiring the MRI procedure to be repeated with sedation. Few studies seem to have looked at the effect of immersive virtual reality (IVR) on anxiety in children scheduled for MRI scans and how to identify which children are more responsive.ObjectiveThe aims of this study are 3-fold: develop an algorithm of predictability based on biofeedback, address feasibility and acceptability of preprocedural IVR game preparation for anxiety management during MRI procedures, and examine the efficacy of IVR game preparation compared with usual care for the management of procedural anxiety during MRI scans.MethodsThis study will have 2 phases. We will first conduct a field test with 10 participants aged 7 to 17 years to develop a predictive algorithm for biofeedback solution and to address the feasibility and acceptability of the research. After the field test, a randomized controlled trial will be completed using a parallel design with 2 groups: an experimental group (preprocedural IVR game preparation) and a usual care group (standard care as per the radiology department’s protocol) in an equal ratio of 49 participants per group for 98 participants. Recruitment will be carried out at a hospital in Quebec, Canada. The experimental group will receive a preprocedural IVR game preparation (IMAGINE) that offers an immersive simulation of the MRI scan. Participants will complete a questionnaire to assess the acceptability, feasibility, and incidence of side effects related to the intervention and the biofeedback device. Data collected will include sociodemographic and clinical characteristics as well as measures of procedure-related anxiety with the French-Canadian version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (score 1-3) and the Children’s Fear Scale (score 0-4). Physiological signs will be noted and include heart rate, skin conductance, hand temperature, and muscle tension. Measures of the level of satisfaction of health care professionals, parents, and participants will also be collected. Analyses will be carried out according to the intention-to-treat principle, with a Cronbach α significance level of .05.ResultsAs of May 10, 2022, no participant was enrolled in the clinical trial. The data collection time frame is projected to be between April 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.ConclusionsOur study provides an alternative method for anxiety management to better prepare patients for an awake MRI procedure. The biofeedback will help predict which children are more responsive to this type of intervention. This study will guide future medical practice by providing evidence-based knowledge on a nonpharmacological therapeutic modality for anxiety management in children scheduled for an MRI scan.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04988516; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04988516International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/30616

Experiences of Filipino Physical Therapists in Using Outcome Measure Tools in Pediatric Telerehabilitation: A Phenomenological Study

Aim: The researchers describe Filipino physical therapists' experiences using outcome measure tools (OMTs) in pediatric telerehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Using a phenomenological qualitative study design, researchers employed one online focus group discussion with six de-identified participants through purposive and snowball sampling and transcribed them manually. Researchers utilized Colaizzi’s thematic analysis and constant comparison to analyze data. Findings underwent member checking and peer debriefing with a qualitative expert. Results: Thematic analysis identified the following themes: facilitators, barriers, and recommendations, categorized under three domains. On the OMT's level, facilitators include objective and standardized measures, appropriateness, and modifiable, while barriers include lack of evidence and time-consuming. No facilitators were identified on the carer's level, while barriers include lack of resources, lack of clinical background, technical issues, a non-conducive environment, and language barrier. Finally, the interdisciplinary approach was identified as a facilitator on the therapist's level, while barriers include optional use and lack of handling. Sub-themes for recommendations include selecting appropriate tools, understanding the child's context, carer empowerment, pre-session preparation, time efficiency, and support group. Conclusion and Implications: The study found that barriers outweigh the facilitators, particularly at the carer’s level, possibly limiting the use of standardized tools. These findings instigate the need to explore carers' perceptions on OMT usage in pediatric telerehabilitation. Researchers recommend that academicians, clinicians, and administrators adjust to the current situation by mitigating these barriers and encouraging facilitators through therapists’ recommendations.z

PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS DALAM SENTRA PERSIAPAN DI TA-TK AL AZHAR SYIFA BUDI SOLO

This paper describes the development of creativity in the preparation center for TA-TK Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Solo. The preparation center is one of the learning centers in early childhood education institutions. This center is a place to play for reading, writing, math, and other activities that support children's preparation for primary school. However, it should be noted that provision for early childhood to continue primary school is not only reading and counting skills, but also children's creativity needs to be developed. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the preparation center in developing children's creativity in Al Azhar Syifa Budi Solo Kindergarten. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The results of this study indicate that the four elements of creativity (person, process, press, product) are contained in learning at the center of creativity. The purpose of developing creativity in Al Azhar TA-Kindergarten is to build children's character and to recognize children's talents and interests. The teacher is the main key to developing children's creativity. Because the teacher plays a role in designing activities, selecting games, presenting games, and evaluating the results of children's play. There are efforts to improve teacher competence, namely by participating in seminars, workshops, training and competitions which are participated in by teachers.

Children's preparation for school education in foreign experience

Children's preparation for school education in foreign experience

Improving Social Performance Through Video-feedback with Cognitive Preparation in Children with Emotional Problems.

Anxious children report a more negative perception of their social performance and increased nervous behaviors. The video-feedback with cognitive preparation allows children to contrast and modify their negative social self-image, increasing their self-confidence and decreasing anxiety behaviors. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the Super Skills for Life (SSL) program in improving social performance in a sample of children with emotional symptoms. Results indicated that both objective and subjective evaluation showed positive effects of the SSL program on the children's social performance, enhancing their social skills and reducing anxiety behaviors in social situations, both during the program and in the last session. Girls felt more comfortable and showed better speech and social performance than boys. Our findings increase the evidence about the short-term effects of the video-feedback with cognitive preparation of the SSL program and provide a useful transdiagnostic protocol for application in the clinical setting.

E-11 Social Peace and Reform, the foremost contemporary need (In perspective of practical role of 1st century Hijri Muslim women)

Life cycle is started with a man and a woman. Women bring up the human beings,while children's care, home management and preparation of food have also been remained in their duties. Due to strong arms man can do hard task that a woman thinks beyond her limitations. Therefore, he has given high status but in the past, the status of women was very pitiable. So, man has deprived females for the basic rights, from which every human being must enjoy. Peace is called alternate of security. Thus a developed society comes into existence where there is a clear and harmonious relationship among entire its masses. Reformation is the name of correction. So, it must be in view that where Islam wants collective reform, it does not ignore person's correction but it declares that man's correction is truly a social reform. Hence the feminist part is called a spinal cord of society, if they participate to improve the work of reform, unite each other with the concept of every correction; the destination of our society will be closer. And then, in reality, the society will become a real model of peace. Thus it can be called a peaceful and reformed society. In this article, contemporary needs relating to Muslim women in peace and reform will be highlighted in the light of Muslim women’s role of 1st century Hijra.

Child Preparation for Adoption as an Ethical Requirement during Pre-Placement: The PPCA

Child adoption is a highly demanding process for all those involved, including the child, parents, and professionals. Support is needed to maximize the chances of adequate preparation, focusing on not just the parents’ preparedness but also the child’s preparation for adoption. Preparing a child for adoption is an ethical obligation. Assuming that the child is at the center of the adoption process, this paper highlights the importance of acknowledging the child’s specific needs and giving them adequate opportunity to develop into a fully engaged agent throughout the process. This article focuses on the Program for Preparing Children for Adoption (PPCA), a specific manual intervention designed to help professionals prepare children for adoption. The program is based on theoretical concepts of the psychology of adoption, the bioecological development perspective and a narrative psychology approach. First, the PPCA’s theoretical background is presented, followed by each one of its core aspects and specific activities. The article concludes with a summary of this program’s major contributions to child preparation as well as recommendations for future research and practice.

Preparation of Children on Environmental Conservation in the Rural Area – Turbo Kenya

Most Kenyans are so much concerned in the way forests are destroyed by the get rich quickly Kenyans. The wanton destruction of forests and indigenous trees has left many people wondering as to what is happening with the people especially their leaders. This wanton destruction has had big effects on the country’s environment such as drastic climatic change, which has affected farming greatly. Farming is the main occupation in Kenya that earns the country foreign currency. While this cruel destruction is going no drastic measures have been taken to instil a sense of value and education to the growing and developing children as part of discipline to preserve forests. Therefore, this paper discusses ways and means of preparing children as early as possible. This preparation is meant to help children grow with a high sense of respect towards the environment especially the preservation of forests for the benefit of mankind.

Efficacy of Single‐ Versus Split‐dose Polyethylene Glycol for Colonic Preparation in Children

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is the most effective colon-cleansing agent but volume-related adverse effects are common. Though split-dose PEG is used in adults, no pediatric study so-far has compared split-dose with single-dose PEG. We aimed at comparing the efficacy and tolerability of split-dose versus single-dose PEG for bowel preparation in children. Consecutive children (1-18 years) were randomized into either single-dose or split-dose PEG. Single-dose group received 4000 mL/1.73 m PEG solution day before colonoscopy whereas split-dose group received half dose day before and the remaining half on the day of colonoscopy. Effectiveness of bowel preparation was assessed on Aronchik scale, by the endoscopist who was blinded to the type of preparation. Interobserver variability was analyzed by comparing with independent scoring by the blinded trained endoscopy-nurse. The trial was registered with Clinical Trials Registry of India (Trail number 2017/08/009303). Of the 220 randomized children, 179 completed the study (split-dose: 93, single-dose: 86). The mean age of the study population was 11.51 (4.82) years (72.6% boys). The efficacy of bowel preparation was better with split-dose (satisfactory preparation:76.34% vs 43.02%, P < 0.001) with almost perfect inter-observer agreement (k = 0.803). Nausea, vomiting, and sleep disturbance were significantly less in split-dose than single-dose group (P < 0.05). Split-dose patients were able to drink PEG solution faster (P = 0.002). Total sleep duration and uninterrupted sleep duration was also better in split-dose group as compared with single-dose (P = 0.001). Split-dose PEG is more effective than single-dose regimen for bowel preparation with better tolerability and improved sleep quality in pediatric population.

Domácí příprava dítěte na vyučování - pohledy rodičů. Sledovaná nebo opomíjená problematika ve vzdělávání?

Cilem přispěvku je poukazat v ceskem prostředi na malo zkoumanou problematiku domaci připravy jakožto významneho clanku v procesu vzdělavani ditěte. Zaměřujeme se na proměnu přistupů rodice k teto spolecne cinnosti rodice a ditěte a výzkumným popisem strategii rodiců k dosaženi stanovených cilů v domaci připravě. Teoreticka východiska představuji hlavni subjekt domaci připravy - rodice s akcentem na socialni kontext rodiny a specifikaci zapojeni rodice do domaci připravy v kontextu rozdilnosti vzdělani, sociokulturniho prostředi rodice a vlivu domaci připravy na uspěsnost ve vzdělavani ditěte. V ramci kvalitativně orientovaneho výzkumneho setřeni formou interview s vybranými rodici žaků prvniho stupně zakladni skoly poukazujeme na způsoby intervence rodice v domaci připravě ovlivněne individualnimi strategiemi rodice. Rodici vnimane formy a způsoby zapojeni do domaci připravy jsou představovany jako konkretni přiklady výsledků výzkumneho setřeni. Z výsledků rozhovorů s 15 převažně vysokoskolsky vzdělanými rodici vyplýva, že aspekty zapojeni rodice do domaci připravy jsou jednoznacně strukturovany podle rozdilnosti osobnich a profesnich podminek i preferenci rodice s ditětem na primarnim stupni vzdělavani.

Parents' Attitudes about the Tasks of Preschool Teachers in the Preparation of Children for the Teaching of Initial Writing

ABSTRACTThe preparation of children for the teaching of initial writing is a problem which is, in the system of unique institutional education, addressed by the preschool institution and the school. The open preschool education system includes the engagement of parents in these activities. The aim of this paper was to determine the attitudes of parents about the tasks of preschool teachers in the preparation of children for the teaching of initial writing. The research was conducted by using the descriptive method and a process of inference. A Likert-type descriptive attitude scale was used for the purposes of this research. The research results suggest that it is necessary to achieve a continuous cooperation between preschool teachers and parents in preschool institutions, in terms of informing parents about the children’s possibilities and the tasks of preschool teachers in activities that prepare children for the teaching of initial writing.

生体腎移植を受ける子どもと親へのプレパレーションの取り組み 第2報 : 7事例の検討

生体腎移植を受ける子どもと親へのプレパレーションの取り組み 第2報 : 7事例の検討

小児のプレパレーションに対する看護学生の認識 : 講義前・後・実習後の変化より

小児のプレパレーションに対する看護学生の認識 : 講義前・後・実習後の変化より

生体腎移植を受ける子どもと親へのプレパレーションの取り組み 第1報 : 活動の経緯と看護者の意識の変化

生体腎移植を受ける子どもと親へのプレパレーションの取り組み 第1報 : 活動の経緯と看護者の意識の変化