Children's Playground Research Articles

공동주택 의무보험의 법적 쟁점에 관한 연구

Most Korean citizens reside in multi-unit dwellings. In such densely populated and confined spaces, there is a significant risk of accidents, including fires. Accordingly, compulsory insurance coverage is taken out for such incidents, for example, personal injury liability insurance for fires, disasters, elevator accidents, and children's playground accidents. This paper investigates several issues regarding compulsory insurance for multi-unit dwellings and offers measures for improvement. Regulations on liability for damages by owners of special buildings in relation to fire-related disaster compensation and insurance enrollment are examined, with a specific focus on the provisions in the Act on the Indemnification for Fire-caused Loss and the Purchase of Insurance Policies that restrict the handling of bodily injury liability special coverage for fire incidents to insurance companies. Additionally, the justification behind the penalty provisions for non-enrollment in bodily injury liability special coverage for fire incidents is assessed.
 Institutions related to deductibles, like insurance companies, are involved in the administration of various compulsory insurances; however, notably, there are no limitations imposed on these institutions by other laws governing compulsory insurance. Consequently, it is unjust to confine the administration of personal injury liability insurance for fires solely to insurance companies when considering the principles of equity. Furthermore, the punitive measures for non-compliance with insurance requirements seem excessively severe.
 It is necessary to expand the scope of insurance companies specified in the Law on Personal Injury Liability Insurance for Fires to include institutions related to deductibles. Furthermore, it is deemed necessary to align the penalties for non-compliance with compulsory insurance with the sanctions imposed on other forms of compulsory insurance. Therefore, a proposal for legislative amendment is presented to address these concerns.
 This paper also examines the issue of tenants bearing the burden of insurance premiums while being excluded from the benefits of insurance. In the case of fire insurance, amendments to standard terms and conditions have been made to protect tenants. However, these amendments are yet to be incorporated into disaster insurance, leaving tenants without legal or precedential protection should disaster insurance be the only policy obtained. Therefore, a proposal for the amendment of the terms and conditions of disaster insurance is offered that includes provisions for tenant protection.
 In conclusion, this paper identified potential concerns associated with the concurrent reimbursement of liability insurance for multi-unit dwellings and internal medical expense coverage riders that are part of comprehensive medical insurance. These concerns include the potential for an increase in intentional accidents and the facilitation of excessive medical treatment. Given these concerns, this study recommends that the terms and conditions of comprehensive medical insurance be revised and proposes that medical expenses received to cover actual expenses should be compensated proportionally in accordance with insurance contracts.

An optimised design for transport noise pollution reduction in the children's area and recreation spots

Over the years, the issue of improving the urban environment remains relevant, especially in the design of children's playgrounds and recreation areas. In addition to the analysis of available vegetation and terrain conditions, the noise pollution of the environment should also be considered in order to take into account suitable measures for its reduction. The most effective ecological and aesthetic method is the establishment of plant barriers to reduce the noise discomfort. The aesthetically designed vegetative isolation barriers, in addition to the healing effect on the microclimate of the territory, also contribute to the visual aesthetics: bringing in decorative plant species that bloom, have spectacular foliage, have an interesting habit, or the delicate use of aromatic plants and those with phytoncide activity. In recent years, there has been a trend towards expanding urban areas and the concentration of population in urban agglomerations, which leads to many environmental problems. One of them is the lack of territories with trees and shrubs of the forest park type, providing acoustic and aesthetic comfort to the population. The ecological balance of urban territories necessitates a long-term ecological strategy for the creation of similar territories in the urban development plans.

TINGKAT KEPUASAN PENGUNJUNG PUSKESMAS DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Low public service has become a strategic policy issue because it shows organizational performance which is marked by a lot of dissatisfaction with public services. Objective: This study aims to determine how much visitor satisfaction (based on the rating/value) of Puskesmas in Yogyakarta City is and the factors that cause visitors to be satisfied and disappointed. Methods: quantitative descriptive research. The sample is visitors at 18 Puskesmas in Yogyakarta City who gave reviews on Google Maps as many as 1,096 people. Satisfaction is categorized into satisfied and disappointed. Data were analyzed using proportions. The results showed: 29.29% of visitors were disappointed with the services provided by the Puskesmas and 70.71% of visitors were satisfied. Based on the star rating, it is known that 1 star is 15.88%, 2 stars 5.2%, 3 stars 8.21%, 4 stars 20.44%, and 5 stars 50.27%. If you look at the number of stars given, the average value of visitor satisfaction with 18 Puskesmas in Yogyakarta City is 3.87 (out of a maximum value of 5). The satisfaction of Puskesmas visitors is due to the service factor 24.4%, the location 6%, the staff 4.8%, the queue 3.3%, the facilities 2.9% and the children's playground 1.5%. Meanwhile, visitor disappointment was caused by 10.5% service, 5.05% queue and registration, 2.9% staff, 2.3% parking lot, 0.9% waiting room.

Relevance of Soil Heavy Metal XRF Screening for Quality and Landscaping of Public Playgrounds.

Heavy metals have become widespread urban pollutants, exposing vulnerable age groups such as children to potential risk. Specialists need feasible approaches that can routinely assist them in customizing options for sustainable and safer urban playgrounds. The aim of this research was to explore the practical relevance of the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) method from the perspective of landscaping specialists, and the practical significance of screening for those heavy metals that currently present elevated levels across urban environments Europe-wide. Soil samples from six public children's playgrounds of different typologies from Cluj-Napoca, Romania, were analyzed. The results indicated that this method was sensitive to identifying thresholds stipulated in legislation for the screened elements (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb). Coupled with the calculation of pollution indexes, this method can serve as a quick orientation in landscaping options for urban playgrounds. The pollution load index (PLI) for the screened metals showed that three sites displayed baseline pollution with incipient deterioration in soil quality (PLI = 1.01-1.51). The highest contribution to the PLI among the screened elements, depending on the site, was due to Zn, Pb, As, and Mn. The average levels of the detected heavy metals were within admissible limits according to national legislation. Implementable protocols addressed to different categories of specialists could help to transition towards safer playgrounds and more research on accurate cost-effective procedures to overcome the limitations of existing approaches is currently needed.

CHANGES IN PROFITABILITY OF THE AVIGNON RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX CONSTRUCTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS

This article is devoted to managing the profitability of the construction of the residential complex "Avignon" in the city of Odessa, located near the seaside, under the condition of changing organizational factors. The residential complex consists of 13 sections arranged in circular shapes, with sports and children's playgrounds in the middle. Each section has two underground levels of parking, except for one atypical section for a commercial pavilion with a structural glass facade. The buildings have a monolithic load-bearing frame, pile foundation, and enclosing structures made of non-removable formwork using a new technology with the use of foam concrete.To manage the profitability of construction, project management software and correlation-regression analysis were used. Modeling was carried out in Microsoft Project, which allows determining the sequence of tasks, estimating the duration of work, calculating the financial movement schedules, and determining the necessary resources. Using the COMPEX program, regularities were built on the change in the intensity of construction financing in accordance with the theory of experimental planning. These regularities allow controlling the duration of construction by changing the intensity of the use of working time and the compatibility of construction processes. Thanks to the data obtained as a result of experimental-statistical modeling regarding the maximum and average intensity of financing, the total cost of construction was determined, taking into account the use of credit funds. Further, when calculating the profitability of construction, the amount obtained as a result of the dependence of construction on all selected factors was used. Profitability was calculated depending on the average price per square meter according to the data of the Ministry of Regional Development. As a result of the research, it was determined that when changing organizational factors (the intensity of the use of working time and the compatibility of processes), the profitability of the construction of the "Avignon" residential complex changes from 11.4% to 41.8%.

MANAGEMENT OF THE CONTINUITY OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE "AVIGNON" RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX

The article discusses the management of the construction period of the residential complex "Avignon," located in Odessa city near the sea coast, with changes in organizational factors. The residential complex consists of thirteen sections arranged in the form of rings, with a sports and children's playground in the courtyard. The rings comprise 12 typical sections (four rectangular and eight corner ones) with six floors and an attic, each of which has two levels of underground parking. Additionally, there is one non-standard section for a three-story trading pavilion (without parking) with a structural glass facade. The residential complex comprises buildings with a monolithic load-bearing frame, stiffness core, and piles foundation, as well as fencing structures made of a non-removable formwork based on new technological solutions. Different materials are used for the non-removable formwork on a steel frame.A numerical experiment was conducted using project management software and correlation-regression analysis. The management of the construction period was modeled using Microsoft Project software, according to the selected plan of organizational factors' changes. The change in construction period was subsequently modeled in the COMPEX program. The obtained patterns allow for managing the construction period by changing the main organizational factors: the intensity of the use of working time and the combination of construction processes. The experimental-statistical modeling enables obtaining the limits of the construction period under the influence of the current constraints in the conditions of varying organizational factors. The obtained data can be further used by developers to establish their needs and limitations.

Towards sustainable urban communities: Investigating the associations between community parks and place attachment in master-planned estates in Sydney

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected our living experiences in cities and neighbourhoods. It is urgently necessary to understand more about place attachment and human-environment interactions in urban communities. Master-Planned Estate (MPE) as a sustainable residential form, provides physical and social infrastructures to build a healthy community and sustainable environment. Place attachment is one essential factor of community sustainability. However, there is a significant research gap in exploring the relationship between neighbourhood built environment and place attachment in MPEs. This study investigates the associations between community parks and place attachment in MPEs in Sydney. Using the data collected via a resident survey in two MPEs in Sydney during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, we found that three factors of community park use are significantly and positively associated with place attachment: pedestrian accessibility to parks, pedestrian connectivity with surroundings and satisfaction with children's playground in parks. This study provides theoretical, empirical, and practical contributions to sustainable communities. It tests place attachment theory in the Australian MPE context. It provides first-hand empirical evidence to understand human-environment interactions in MPEs and adds evidence from the COVID-19 context to the literature. The findings provide practical implications for sustainable urban communities in Sydney or wider regions.

Konsep Keamanan Untuk Anak Bermain di Kali Kendedes, Kecamatan Singosari, Kabupaten Malang

Kali Kendedes in Singosari District, Malang Regency is a stream of water originating from a local source. This river is used as a children's playground. The observation results show that there is a potential for danger during activities, especially when children are swimming or playing in water. The writing of this article is aims to develop a safety concept for children playing in the Kendedes river. The technical application designed is a ladder up and down like a ladder in a swimming pool and hangers for visitors' things.

PROTECTION OF CIVILIAN POPULATION IN PUBLIC TERRITORY

In the conditions of modern war, the protection of the civilian population has become the biggest problem. Contrary to all the rules of warfare, the enemy's main goal is not victory on the battlefield, but the destruction of the entire population of Ukraine. To do this, rocket strikes are carried out at night against residential buildings and during the day at places of population concentration in the territory of cities. Shelters on the territory of cities are not provided for in the legislative and regulatory documentation. In these conditions, the city authorities of many cities in Ukraine took responsibility for people's lives. Within the limits of their authority, representatives of the city government and public organizations made significant efforts to ensure the protection of citizens in parks and squares, at public transport stops, and in children's playgrounds. The existing condition of the shelters installed at public transport stops in the cities of Ukraine, their structural and operational properties were analysed. The analysis of the existing shelters showed that to provide protection against small arms, missile fragments and air waves, the original shelters are quite suitable, but none of the structures that should become protection for citizens, first for the less mobile part of society, does not meet the requirements of accessibility Unprofessionalism of designers, lack of regulatory documentation, failure to take into account operating conditions eventually led to the gradual transformation of these shelters into public toilets and places for homeless people to sleep. The planning properties of a typical shelter project were analysed, non-compliance with accessibility conditions was pointed out, and the correction of design decisions was suggested. Changes are proposed to ensure the availability of shelters and their intended use; namely, the blocking of the specified buildings with trade and public catering establishments and public toilets.

Children's playgrounds: ‘inadequacies and mediocrities inherited from the past’?

ABSTRACT This Viewpoint considers why children's playground provision has changed so little in the UK over the last century despite radical changes in our understanding of children's geographies, considerable research into play space design and committed advocacy that has promoted children's more equitable access the city. It argues that the equipped playground has become increasingly embedded in to social, political and professional attitudes relating to the provision of public space for play. This history continues to have an enduring influence on the present-day management and maintenance of more than 26,000 children's playgrounds and the £86m spent on them each year.

Peluang dan Tatangan Dinas Pariwisata Dairi Membangun TWI Menjadi Wisata Religius

The development of a tourist destination area is one thing that must always be considered and implemented, because the development of a tourist destination area determines what the future of the tourist destination area will be like. Taman Wisata Iman is a potential tourist destination that needs to be developed. This is because the features of the religious tourism park itself are very different from pine forests in general. The presence of houses of worship for five religions in Indonesia makes this religious tourism park a place of worship or a resting place for tourists. Each building in Taman Wisata Iman has its own meaning. For example, in Islam, residents are given a replica of the Kaaba for pilgrimage rituals. The large statue of Adam and Eve celebrates the beginning of human life on earth. Apart from worship at the Usko tourist park, visitors can enjoy camping, outdoor activities, children's playgrounds and shopping for souvenirs at the Usko tourist park. Usko tourism park also often organizes events to support tourism development, such as charity events for park maintenance in pine forests, scout weekend camps and many more. The purpose of this study is to analyze and become material that supports the development of attractions at Taman Wisata Iman Sitinjo. In this study the implementation activities and the impact of the implementation are described in a narrative manner using qualitative methods. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews and documentation. Methods of data analysis with data reduction, presentation and triangulation. The results of the study show that the role of the community and government in the development of the Sitinjo Iman Tourism Park as a tourist destination is very impressive. This was revealed through interviews with managers and employees of the Dair Regency Tourism Office. Year after year, this relatively minimal development repeatedly makes visitors bored and don't want to visit. The number of support services that are not paid attention to also makes visitors rate Taman Wisata Iman reviews on websites and personal blogs as lacking, which leads to a decrease in tourist interest. In the future, the authors hope that the management and government will pay more attention to the Iman Tourism Park tourist attraction by adding other tourist objects so that tourists don't get bored easily, and also pay attention to support services so that they can be repaired or improved immediately.
 Keywords: opportunities, challenges, faith tourism park,

IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI WISATA DI DESA PIPIT TEJA DALAM MENDUKUNG TERWUJUDNYA DESA WISATA PIPIT TEJA DI KABUPATEN SAMBAS

Pipit Teja is a village located in Teluk Keramat sub-district, Sambas Regency that ha s tourism potential from culture, nature and man-made that can be developed into a tourism destination. This village has human resources that have the potential to develop the area. This research is an action research conducted by mapping the tourism potential in Tebing Jaya Village through a study of the potential of natural, artificial, and cultural tourism attractions and measuring the level of readiness to become a tourist attraction. The potential of tourist attraction is an important capital to make Pipit Teja village towards a Tourism village in Sambas Regency in order to improve the economic level of the village community. Data collection methods by means of observation, interviews, and documentation with purposive sampling techniques on the Village Government, community leaders, and Traditional Leaders. The data analysis technique uses qualitative technique analysis. The results found that Pipit Teja village has natural, cultural and artificial tourism potential. Natural potential is rice fields, while cultural potential is Berattep, Beraddad, and Dhikr. Furthermore, artificial potential consists of cafes, children's playgrounds, bird song competitions, sports competitions such as playing dynasty and futsal competitions. These three potentials can be developed because they will be the reason for outsiders to visit Pipit Teja village. Pipit Teja village has tourism potential that is very potential to be developed towards Pipit Teja village as a Tourism Village.

التصميم بإدماج الطبيعة كمدخل لتكامل الفراغات للأطفال في مراحل التعليم المبكرة

In dense urban cities, many children are cut off from nature, despite the opportunities for learning and exploration that nature provides to the child and its positive impact on the development of the child's skills and fulfill his needs and well-being. Children’s playgrounds can be an opportunity to reconnect and experience directly with nature; As the child has an innate biological tendency known as "Biophilia or love of nature". Therefore, this study aims to investigate the attributes and patterns of "Biophilic design" that are appropriate to be implemented in the design of children's playgrounds, and to find practical ideas for these patterns to be applied in the design of children's playgrounds, with safety standards of the CPSC and thus improving the design of children's playgrounds.

Courtyard Existence between the Past and the Present, Case Study: Central Region, Saudi Arabia

The courtyard is one of the architectural features used in ancient times for many purposes, such as climate modifiers, as a place for family gatherings, and as a playground for children. Over time, the courtyard gradually disappeared, and it no longer has a special presence in residential buildings. The study deals with exploring courtyards in the old and modern buildings in the central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which was characterized by its strong presence in ancient times. Therefore, the paper holds seven case studies to compare the most important features in commons, middle, and contemporary houses. The research reaches the truth of the extinction of the courtyard and its replacement by other elements that negatively affected the social, ecological, and economic aspects of Saudi residents, and assures the dependence on mechanical treatments that harmfully distressed the building energy likewise affected the social aspects at the level of family and society alike. Courtyards with environmental design basics provided high energy efficiency to building through daylight and ventilation which helps in decreasing electricity and HVAC loads. This paper invites researchers and builders to reuse the courtyard or the Patio concept again as a design tool in contemporary buildings to save future resources and maintain sustainability principles.

The Russophone Literature of Resistance: Introduction

The Russophone Literature of ResistanceIntroduction Mark Lipovetsky (bio) and Kevin M. F. Platt (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution Citizen-activist Evgenia Isayeva doused herself with red paint as part of the "Heart Bleeds" action near the Duma Tower, St. Petersburg, Russia, March 27, 2022. Her banner reads: "My heart bleeds. / I sense that it is pointless to make an appeal to reason, so I appeal to your hearts. / Every day in Ukraine, women, children, and the elderly are dying. In bombing raids, from starvation, because they are trapped under debris or cannot get medicine. Their graves with hand-made crosses are visible in courtyards and children's playgrounds. Thousands of wounded and mutilated; millions of lives ruined. If you can find any justification for this, then your heart is blind. / Find in yourself the strength to show mercy and compassion. / Don't support the bloodshed!" / Photo by Sergey Nikolaev [End Page 38] Introduction The Russian Federation's unprovoked and cruel war against Ukraine has cast a shadow over all Russian culture, it would seem. At present, one may hear voices accusing Pushkin, Tolstoy, and Dostoyevsky of guilt for the atrocities of the Russian Federation's army and leadership. The relation of these classics to Russian imperial violence, past and present, is an enormous topic, which we will not take up here. Instead, let us consider contemporary Russian writers and writing, which, unlike Tolstoy, have no hope of an alibi, some would argue. As the writing we have assembled for this special issue of World Literature Today demonstrates, the language one speaks is not a marker of complicity. In fact, what we regard as the most important writing in Russian of the past two decades has taken the form of a rejection, explicit or implicit, of Putin's dictatorship, Russian nationalism and imperialism, homophobia, xenophobia, and the whole matrix of what official Russia now terms "patriotic" values. This writing has been global in scope, including authors from the many places in the world where Russian is spoken and from new and old emigrations. In addition to the many readers this literature has accrued over the past decades, it is fast gaining new ones, comprised of the hundreds of thousands who have fled the Russian Federation over the past year because they could not imagine continued existence in such a murderous country. We should add to these the many who, for various reasons, have remained in Russia yet regard the regime and the needless and horrific war it has unleashed with the same eyes as those who have observed it with disgust and dismay from without and those who have left. With this special issue, we hope to add the readers of WLT to this circle. Of course, this issue can only present the tip of the proverbial iceberg. So let us sketch out in a few words the contours of the iceberg as a whole—the contours of the "russophone literature of resistance," as we call it, drawing on important recent scholarship by Naomi Caffee, Marco Click for larger view View full resolution A protester witnessing the "Heart Bleeds" action near the Duma Tower, St. Petersburg, Russia, March 27, 2022. The babushka's sign reads: "There also is some good news: they still haven't banned the word 'peace.'" / Photo by Sergey Nikolaev Puleri, and others. In distinction from "Russian"—a contested term that may demarcate a nation, politically bounded territory, or its citizens—"russophone" refers to language alone. In the broadest sense, "russophone writing" includes far-flung and diverse communities that, perhaps, should not be regarded as a singular or unified entity at all. It embraces authors both within and without the Russian Federation. In some logical sense, russophone writing could be said to include authors of any political position at all who write in Russian—yet those aligned with the Russian Federation and its aggression would hardly agree to be described with this term. We propose that, within this large and variegated field, we may discern a globally networked community of writers working intently against the culture and politics of Putin's Russia. Indeed, the unifying feature of russophone literature of resistance is rejection of...

IDENTIFIKASI KELAYAKAN FASILITAS RUANG BERMAIN RAMAH ANAK DI WISATA PANTAI BIRU

The government is committed to achieving the Subtainable Development Goal or SDG's targets, especially those related to child development at the Regency/City level. Protection of children in order to fulfill children's rights to grow and develop without discrimination, one of which is building child-friendly spaces as explained in Law No. 23 of 2001 Article 56 (1) concerning efforts to obtain children's play facilities by fulfilling health and safety requirements. Limited public facilities force people to be creative in managing the natural environment, one of which is in the beach tourism sector by paying attention to child-friendly play rooms. This study aims to analyze the implementation of child-friendly tourism programs at Blue Beach Tourism, Bangkalan Regency. The selection of the Blue Beach Tourism location is because it provides children's playgrounds and is dominated by children visitors. The study used a qualitative case study method with interview, documentation, and observation techniques. Based on the analysis results show that there is no exploitation and discrimination in the blue beach and blue beach tourism areas have adequate facilities by caring for and maintaining these tourist facilities.

Spatial Multi-Criterion Analysis (SMCA) to Determine the Suitability of Green Open Space (GOS) at Kalurahan Wonokromo, Special Region of Yogyakarta

Rapid urbanization and growth in the Kalurahan Wonokromo, situated in the peri-urban area of Yogyakarta City causes the loss of children's playgrounds while the number of children is increasing. Preserving the remaining space for Green Open Space (GOS) is crucial. Amid the space limit, choosing the right location is one of the keys to ensuring the space functions optimally. We employ the Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (SMCA) in selecting several location candidates for the development of GOS using 9 criteria of tree cover, existing open green space, ricefield, social facilities, accessibility, distance to school, presence of small shop, children density, and the riverbank. The SMCA analysis is powered by Analytical Hierarchical Process using expert judgment combined with GIS analysis to yield the weight priority and score for each criterion. As the result, the score for each criterion is 0.3218 for existing open green space, 0.1616 for social facilities 0.1446 for small shops, 0.1265 for roads or accessibility, 0.085 for vegetation, 0.0504 for distance to school, 0.0499 for the riverbank, 0.0367 for the children density, 0.0234 for the ricefield. We obtain 9 candidates for the GOS. The Kalurahan Wonokromo has also planned to build and rehabilitate the open space but needs to acknowledge the needs for GOS from gated communities and pesantren communities as the different types of communities with a different kind of GOS.

Toxocara Infection in Dogs and Cats in Isfahan Province of Iran in 2021.

Toxocariasis is an acute or chronic disease caused by parasites of the Ascaridae family, especially Toxocara of dogs and cats. Eggs are excreted out by feces of these animals on soil. Infective eggs develop on soil which can be infective to human. In this study, infection rate of Toxocara spp. in dogs and cats of urban and rural areas of Isfahan province of Iran has been investigated. Three hundred and seventy-five stray dog feces and 230 stray cat feces were collected from the public environment (slaughterhouses, parks, children's playgrounds, student dormitories, university environment, streets and squares) in Isfahan province of Iran. At first, dogs' and cats' feces were examined for the presence of Toxocara spp. eggs using formalin ether method. In the second stage, by using molecular methods, Toxocara eggs spp. (Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati) were identified. From 375 dog fecal samples, 39 (10.40%) and from 230 cat fecal samples, 38 (16.52%) were positive for presence of the Toxocara eggs. Dogs and cats in Isfahan province of Iran were infected with Toxocara parasite. These infections can be potential risk for human toxocariasis.

Проблемы организации лесопарковых зон на примере дендропарка г. Иркутска

In the structure of urban space, landscaping areas are extremely important due to purifying, environmental, aesthetic, scientific, educational and recreational functions. However, when creating green areas of cities, certain difficulties arise both in the implementation of legislative acts and in the design and implementation of planned works. The article discusses the features of the “Arboretum” of the Akademgorodok of Irkutsk. The history of its formation is presented. Taking into account these historically established conditions of formation and the initial concept of the park, which is close in its functions to the type of botanical garden, the problems that arose during its planning and implementation of the arrangement are considered. The following problems are noted: expansion of areas for buildings at the expense of green spaces; implementation of standard proposals for landscaping (placement of objects such as children's playgrounds, sports grounds and dog walking, scenes for entertainment events, etc.); excessive increase in the infrastructure of the park due to the excessively wide path network, flower beds with retaining walls, observation decks, etc., instead of increasing the plant diversity of the “Arboretum” and information support for scientific, educational and recreational functions corresponding to its basic concept. Recommendations for the improvement of the arboretum are proposed, enhancing its health, scientific and educational functions.

Karakteristik Spasial - Fungsional Ruang Terbuka Hijau Taman Olahraga-Rekreasi dan Taman Bermain Anak Pada Taman Trunojoyo Kota Malang

The existence of public space is an indication of good urban spatial planning. Activities in green open spaces are a simple way to improve mental and physical health. In post-pandemic conditions, people's preference for choosing public spaces, especially green open spaces as places for activities, socializing, or cheap recreation in the city center, has decreased. Therefore, a study was conducted to see the quality and characteristics of green open spaces which are the preferences of the people of Malang City in carrying out activities in these spaces. The research focuses on two types of green open spaces, namely sports recreation parks and children's playgrounds located in Trunojoyo Park, Malang City. This research uses a rationalistic study approach, with primary data from observations and interviews and secondary data through an assessment of 10 success criteria for public spaces according to Carmona (2019), namely evolving, diverse, free, delineated, engaging, meaningful, social, balanced, comfortable, robust. The study result shows that people's preferences in choosing green open spaces are the completeness and condition of the facilities in them.