Childhood Programs Research Articles

A Feasibility Study of Headsprout Reading Program in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Reading Delay

A Feasibility Study of Headsprout Reading Program in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Reading Delay

Change in Urinary Inflammatory Biomarkers and Psychological Health with Gut Microbiome Modulation after Six Months of a Lifestyle Modification Program in Children.

Background: Obesity is a metabolic disorder that negatively impacts the quality of life. Long-term methods such as exercise and low-fat diets can help regulate this health issue, but 93.3 million Americans continue to struggle. Our research investigates if lifestyle changes can affect urinary inflammation markers and psychological aspects through the modification of gut microbiome composition. Methods: Our study included 16 healthy controls with normal BMI as a comparison group and 22 overweight/obese (OW/OB) adolescents. We collected demographic, clinical, psychological, stool, and urine sample data at enrollment and six months after implementing lifestyle modifications. Bacterial genomic data and inflammatory markers in these samples were analyzed. Results: The lifestyle interventions were associated with decreased inflammation and enhanced mental health among overweight teens. We observed differences in bacterial community compositions between healthy participants and those who underwent treatment, including exercise and dietary habit adjustments, although there was no significant change in bacterial species richness. Mental health correlated with gut microbiota compositions without any demographic influences. The research also uncovered connections between inflammatory markers, psychological factors, and gut microbiota phyla through carbohydrate metabolism alterations. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that lifestyle modifications are associated with improved mental health and a reduction in inflammation in overweight adolescents by adjusting the gut microbiota composition.

A Study on Effect of Sleep Training Program in Children with ADHD: A Comparative Prospective Study

Objective: To study complementary effect of sleep training program in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) receiving tablet methylphenidate with respect to sleep, quality of life (social, behavioral, emotional, and executive functioning of children), and their parent’s emotional state. Methods and Materials: It was a comparative and prospective study, and it was conducted in child mental health services of a tertiary care municipal hospital. The children (age 8−12 years) were diagnosed with ADHD using DSM 5 criteria. The children’s sleep habit questionnaire (CSHQ) and Kiddie-SADS-PL questionnaire (K-SADS-PL) were used to select 100 consecutive participants (parent–child dyad). They were randomly equally divided into two groups: A and B. Semi-structured proforma was filled and different scales were applied for children; these scales include Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PQLI), Stroop test (ST) and Verbal fluency test (VFT), and to parent-Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The participants in group A received a validated sleep intervention and the scales were reapplied after 12 weeks. We used Chi-square test, paired t-test, unpaired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation test, and logistic regression analysis for data analysis. p-Value <.05 was taken as significant. SPSS version 20 software was used for data analysis. Results: We found significant post-intervention improvement in sleep, quality of life, social, emotional, behavioral, and executive functioning in children and emotional factors in parents. Conclusion: The combination of sleep intervention and tablet methylphenidate were more effective in improving these factors.

Principles Of Best Interests For Children In The Broadcasting Industry

The regulation about child protection in the broadcasting services providers sometimes conflicts with the freedom of speech principles. Limiting children's exposure to harmful content that may affect their future is also part of the public interest principles in the communication policy. Indonesia regulates child protection in broadcasting through National Regulation (Undang-Undang) No 32 the year 2002 and there is also guidance about broadcasting behavior and broadcasting program quality. However, the regulation has several limitations, as there are several programs such as infotainment, drama, and others that do not specifically regulate children's protection. Compared to the comprehensive regulation in the United Kingdom, and specified regulation for children's classification programs In Australia, there was huge homework that Indonesia needs to catch up, on to ensure child protection is being mainstream in the broadcasting industry; especially television.

Investigating Children's Programming Skills Through Play with Robots (KIBO)

Investigating Children's Programming Skills Through Play with Robots (KIBO)

Digital employment of education data in children's television programmes

The communication inspiration formed an essential foundations for contribute the influence individuals and recipients, whether negatively or positively, through the messages that were published and presented in them with multiple themes and viewpoints that covered all parts of the world and all age groups; it is directed to children addressing the various stages of childhood, as it simulates many goals, including what is directed through the digital use of educational data in television production, as it is considered an intellectual and mental bag to deliver ideas and expressive and aesthetic connotations to children, where the songs and cartoons carrying data on education; within adjacent relations and in a mutual direction, both of them support each other to achieve meaning and awareness. So that, the foregoing, the researcher has taken to delving into the folds of this title and its axes in a group of horizons and depth in its contents in terms of content and form; also, the exposure to the system of educational values in education and the age groups of children, as well as a review of the digital use of educational data in children's television programs and the method of technical treatment of them; the research aims to study the subject in its aspects, and from this point of view, the researcher formulated the research problem to launch his study with the following question; what are the technical and digital uses and treatments of education data in television production, and since it aims to reveal the employment of digital employment of educational data in children’s television programmes, the approach was adopted for descriptive (content analysis) being more appropriate to achieve the goals and reach the desired results, among which lies the plurality of contents and educational values in the children’s television program from the production of data that contribute to the establishment of education through digital software to produce an expressive, semantic and aesthetic level.

Evaluating the long-term effects of cognitive behavioural therapy as an early intervention for at-risk anxiety disorders among preschool children in Asia.

There are few evaluations of early intervention for the prevention of anxiety disorders in East Asia, and those that exist generally evaluate outcomes to a maximum of 6-12months. The current study evaluated the long-term effect (5years) of an anxiety prevention program presented to preschool children and their parents in Japan. Participants for the study were 10 inhibited children 5-6years old and their parents. The parent's and children's program comprised group sessions of a cognitive-behavioural program. Parents and teachers completed the anxious/depressed, withdrawn and behavioural inhibition at pre-post-intervention and 3-month follow-up. Five years after starting the intervention, participants were invited to a diagnostic interview, Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS) to examine a long-term preventive effect of the intervention. The majority of children showed a reduction in anxious/depressed, behavioral inhibition, and approximately half showed reliable change according to parents' and teachers' reports. Moreover, the results indicated that 9 of the 10 children did not met the diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders. These results suggested that the early intervention had preventive effects because the diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders were not met in the follow-up assessment conducted five years later.

Maternity care experiences and breastfeeding at discharge among Maryland WIC participants: A qualitative analysis.

Breastfeeding imparts numerous health and social benefits for families. Barriers deter some individuals from breastfeeding. Rates are lower among certain populations, including participants of the federally funded Women, Infants, and Children's Program (WIC). Women, Infants, and Children's Program provides low-income pregnant and postpartum women and children under 5 with nutrition education, supplemental foods, breastfeeding education and support, and resource linkages. Investigation of WIC participants' hospital experiences and breastfeeding decisions is limited. We explore qualitative themes associated with breastfeeding-related hospital maternity care practices experienced by WIC participants. Thirty pregnant individuals intending to breastfeed were recruited at WIC clinics to complete in-depth interviews at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months of postpartum. Using the Thematic Framework methodology, we analyzed data from the two-week interviews of 29 participants with respect to hospital breastfeeding experiences. Fourteen participants were exclusively breastfeeding at discharge (EBFD). Fifteen were partially breastfeeding at discharge (PBFD). Differences between groups were found in hospital breastfeeding experiences, particularly in staff support. All participants EBFD reported positive breastfeeding-related staff experiences. Most participants PBFD reported limited and ineffective staff interaction, leading to formula introduction. Individuals EBFD and those PBFD reported about the same rate of hospital breastfeeding difficulties, yet half introduced formula within the first few days postpartum. Results reiterate the importance of hospital staff support to breastfeeding exclusivity at 2-3 days postpartum. The challenges that these individuals faced may have been resolved through available, responsive, and effective intervention. Data-driven breastfeeding education programs for hospital health professionals are critical to affect patient breastfeeding outcomes.

Festival Anak Sholeh Sebagai Sarana Penanaman Nilai Religius Di Dusun Kunden, Sendangsari, Pajangan, Bantul

<p>The Saleh Children's Festival is one of the collaborative programs organized by the Alma Ata University Community Service Program students in the hamlet of Kunden. The purpose of holding this pious children's festival program is 1. to increase enthusiasm in learning Islam, 2. to develop interests and talents in the field of religion, 3. to increase the self-confidence of the children of the Kunden village. In the implementation of the pious children's festival program, there are 4 categories of competitions, namely: Adhan competition, short letter memorization competition, daily prayer memorization and calligraphy coloring. the method of implementing the activity is by analyzing the needs of children of primary school age, planning, implementing, and evaluating as well as following up on the activities that have been taught. The results of this pious children's festival program are so that the children of Dusun Kunden are more enthusiastic in teaching Islam, then the children of Dusun Kunden are also bolder to show their talents and increase their self-confidence after participating in the pious children's festival program. Keywords: Sholeh Children Festival, Keywords: Festival Anak Sholeh, Race, Method</p><p> </p>

YouTube – YouPray? – katecheza dla dzieci na YouTube

Now, media are used in almost every human activity. This was intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic when we had lockdowns nearly all over the world. The result of that was that our lives have moved to the Internet. On the Internet, we organize social lives, and we also learn. The potential of information and communication technologies was also noticed by priests and catechists, thanks to which we can practice our faith via the Internet. Religious channels available on YouTube perfectly complement and, at the same time, significantly expand the offer of public television, both for adults and the youngest Catholics. The aim of the article is to analyze selected amateur Catholic YouTube channels for children of preschool and early school age. In the qualitative analysis, attention was paid to such areas as: the number of subscriptions, the most popular material, the leading target group, the type of published content, the regularity of publishing materials, language, form, the personality of the host, meetings with viewers, product sales, format, multichannel, video quality, and audio. The channels Ksiądz Skaut and Katecheza przedszkolaka were selected for the analysis. These channels have a similar number of subscribers (around 3,000). We can notice differences between them, e.g., form, type of prepared content, and the regularity of publishing. They are a perfect example that catechesis can be carried out via the Internet and support the work of catechists and priests. The article, in addition to the analysis, also presents a brief introduction to the media and the functions they can perform. The oldest Catholic children's program broadcast on Polish public television – Ziarno, was also characterized. The part immediately preceding the analysis describes the educational potential of YouTube. At the end of the article, it was noted that the subject requires extensive quantitative research. Keywords: child, catechesis, YouTube, media, education,

Cognitive stimulation of executive functions through computational thinking

The healthy development of cognitive functions, including executive functions, has been shown to depend mainly on the experiences and learning opportunities of people, especially during childhood. Over the past few years, researchers have been studying the impacts of diverse types of interventions on children’s cognitive development in which computational thinking programs are a recent field. This pilot study evaluated the effect of computational thinking training based on the “Programming for Children” program on the executive functions of children aged 10 and 11 years: working memory, inhibition, and planning (N = 30). The results showed that children in the experimental group improved on tests of visuospatial working memory, cognitive inhibition, and sequential planning compared with the control group. However, tests of verbal working memory, memory strategy, and visual spatial planning did not show any observed changes. Although this was an exploratory study, and its findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the small sample size, the findings support the relevance and feasibility of conducting similar larger studies with larger samples.

Penerapan Program Celengan Kayu dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Karakter Hemat pada Anak Raudatul Athfal

This study aims to describe: (1) implementation of the children's wooden piggy bank program, (2) Obstacles faced and, (3) Suggested solutions This research is qualitative in nature with strategic case studies. The research location is Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Al Ghozali Porong Sidoarjo. Research subjects; Children, Principals, Teachers, and Parents. Collecting research data by means of; observations, interviews, documents, and audiovisual materials. After the data has been collected, data analysis is carried out by means of data condensation, data display, and conclusions drawing. The results of the study: (1) The application of the wooden piggy bank program is carried out every 15 (fifteen) first minutes of class entry or during recess. The wooden piggy bank program is a program to strengthen the character of independence, especially the character of frugal living (2) Constraints faced; there are economic limitations so that no one brings money, lack of awareness and knowledge of parents to routinely carry money that will run out (4) Solutions; teachers need support and patience to create a pleasant saving atmosphere, parents need support to regularly bring money to save according to ability

Antifungal stewardship in practice: Insights from a prospective audit and feedback program.

To identify characteristics of antifungal prospective audit and feedback (PAF) and to compare rates of PAF recommendation and acceptance between antifungal and antibiotic agents. Retrospective cohort study of antifungal and antibiotic audits by a children's hospital antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) from November 1, 2020, to October 31, 2022. Antimicrobial audit data were retrieved from the ASP data warehouse. We characterized antifungal PAF using descriptive statistics. We then compared the overall rates of PAF recommendation and recommendation acceptance between antifungals and antibiotics. We also compared the differences in antifungal and antibiotic PAF recommendation and acceptance rates across various factors, including infectious problem, medical service, and recommendation type. Of 10,402 antimicrobial audits identified during the study period, 8,599 (83%) were for antibiotics and 1,803 (17%) were for antifungals. The highest antifungal recommendation rates were for liposomal amphotericin B, antifungals used for sepsis or respiratory tract infection, and antifungals prescribed in the cardiovascular intensive care unit. The rate of PAF recommendation was higher for antibiotics than for antifungals (29% vs 21%; P < .001); however, the rates of recommendation acceptance were similar. Recommendations to discontinue or for medication monitoring were more common for antifungals. Our analysis of antifungal PAF identified key opportunities to improve antifungal use, including the optimized use of specific agents and targeted use by certain medical services. Moreover, antifungal PAF, despite identifying fewer recommendations compared to antibiotic PAF, were associated with similarly high rates of acceptance, highlighting a promising opportunity for antifungal stewardship.

User Satisfaction Levels about m-Health Application for Growth Monitoring and Children's Development in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background: The level of user satisfaction with the m-health application has a significant impact on its long-term viability.&#x0D; Aims: This study aims to determine user satisfaction levels about m-health applications for growth monitoring and children's development in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.&#x0D; Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to November 2022 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The satisfaction survey was conducted on 100 respondents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using the RASCH method with a mean rating of 1 2 3 4, from very disagree until very agree.&#x0D; Results: This finding showed that using RASCH method with 14 criteria the mean rate of user satisfaction is 3.5±1.5. The lowest rating is about the app's usage time suits me (3.1±1.4) and the highest rating is about the ease of use and I have many information about children health care (3.5±1.2 and 3.5±1.5 respectively).&#x0D; Conclusion: Based on user satisfaction evaluation tests, overall are good, for ease of use, helpfull time friendly, comfort, and providing information swiftly and properly. Futher this application needs policies to support children's health programs extensively.

Parental reflective functioning and coping among parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities: An early integrative bio-psycho-social rehabilitative intervention in daycare facilities

BackgroundParental reflective functioning has a positive effect on parents' wellbeing. It is associated with positive outcomes for their children. However, there is little research on it among parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities. AimsWe examined an early bio-psycho-social rehabilitative intervention with parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities in daycare programs and its contribution to their parental reflective functioning and coping. Methods and proceduresSeventy parents of children (ages 3 months to two and half years) responded to measures before and after the intervention in their children's daycare programs. Structural equation modeling of the mediation model revealed that the therapeutic inputs were associated with more adaptive coping strategies by increasing parental reflective functioning. Outcomes and resultsParents who participated in an intervention of 13 sessions or more significantly increased their reflective functioning. The path analysis showed that parental reflective functioning after the intervention mediated the association between its prior level and the therapeutic inputs, and the parents’ proactivity and search for support. Conclusions and implicationsParental reflective functioning positively affects parents’ adaptive coping styles. A bio-psycho-social intervention targeting parental reflective functioning benefits parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities.

Feasibility of a Home-Based Mirror Therapy Program in Children with Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy.

Children with Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy (US CP) have motor and somatosensory impairments that affect one side of their body, impacting upper limb functioning. These impairments contribute negatively to children's bimanual performance and quality of life. Intensive home-based therapies have been developed and have demonstrated their feasibility for children with US CP and their parents, especially when therapies are designed with the proper coaching of families. Mirror Therapy (MT) is being studied to become an approachable intensive and home-based therapy suitable for children with US CP. The aim of this study is to analyze the feasibility of a five-week home-based program of MT for children with US CP that includes coaching by the therapist. Six children aged 8-12 years old performed the therapy for five days per week, 30 min per day. A minimum of 80% of compliance was required. The feasibility included compliance evaluations, total dosage, perceived difficulty of the exercises, and losses of follow-ups. All children completed the therapy and were included in the analysis. The total accomplishment was 86.47 ± 7.67. The perceived difficulty of the exercises ranged from 2.37 to 4.51 out of 10. In conclusion, a home-based program of Mirror Therapy is a safe, cost-efficient, and feasible therapy for children with US CP when the therapist is involved as a coach during the entire program.

Antifungal Stewardship Programs in Children: Challenges and Opportunities.

Antifungal Stewardship Programs in Children: Challenges and Opportunities.

Out-of-school Art Curriculum Design based on Piaget's Cognitive Theory

The development of children's art programmes plays an important role in implementing national policies on aesthetic education, advancing the development of aesthetic education curricula and promoting the holistic development of children. At every age we see physical development, cognitive, emotional and social development, and children cannot develop without the influence of art education. Based on Piaget's four-stage theory of cognitive development, this paper designs an art curriculum for children of all ages to address existing problems with out-of-school children's drawing activities.

Humanitarian Action of United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) in Jayapura During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The issue of humanitarianism in international relations is a vital topic to probe deeper. Activist groups, individuals, and institutionalized groups or organizations, such as the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), have been carrying out humanitarian actions in Papua. UNICEF has been around for a long time in Papua, running several programs, including children's education program in Papua. However, education in Papua remains relatively low due to high rates of illiteracy and school dropouts, and poor literacy. This research explains that international organizations working in the humanitarian field can carry out the basic principles of humanitarianism, specifically, how UNICEF's programs adhere to these principles during the Covid-19 era. Direct interviews and secondary data collection were conducted in this qualitative descriptive research. The results show that UNICEF, as an international humanitarian organization, managed to uphold four basic principles in carrying out its role, particularly in improving the quality of education in Jayapura City. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has posed such obstacles to UNICEF related to donors, program implementation, and personnel that the practiced humanitarian principles became blurred and somewhat questionable. While the best practice promotes faithful adherence to the basic principles of humanity, it is undeniable that almost all organizations cannot exist without assistance from third parties which would ignore the principle of impartiality.&#x0D; Keywords: Covid-19, education, humanitarianism, Jayapura, UNICEF

Life Stressors During Pregnancy in Women With Epilepsy: Results From the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System.

To compare specific life stressors and domestic abuse that pregnant women and others with epilepsy (WWE) experience compared with pregnant women and others without epilepsy (WWoE). The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) is an annual weighted survey of randomly sampled postpartum women administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We used data from the PRAMS from 2012 to 2020 in 13 states to assess the life stressors reported by WWE compared with WWoE. We adjusted the data for maternal age, race, ethnicity, marital status, education, and socioeconomic status (SES; using income, Women, Infants, and Children program [WIC], and Medicaid use). We also examined reported abuse in WWE compared with WWoE. This study included data from 64,951 postpartum women, representing 4,072,189 women through weighted sampling. Of these, 1,140 reported having a diagnosis of epilepsy in the 3 months before their pregnancies (representing 81,021 WWE). WWE experienced a higher number of stressors compared with WWoE. WWE were more likely to have experienced 9 of the 14 stressors asked in the PRAMS questionnaire: severe illness of a close family member, separation or divorce, homelessness, loss of a partner's job, cut in work hours or pay, arguing more than usual with their partner, serving jail time, substance abuse problem in a close contact, and death of a close contact. After adjusting for demographics (age, race, and SES), epilepsy was still associated with a higher number of stressors in pregnant women. Other factors associated with stressors were younger age, Indigenous or mixed race, non-Hispanic ethnicity, lower income, and WIC or Medicaid use. Those who were married were less likely to report stressors. WWE were also more likely to report abuse before or during their pregnancies. Although managing stress is important in both epilepsy and pregnancy, WWE experience more stressors than do WWoE. After adjusting for maternal age, race, and SES, this increase in stressors persisted. Women who were younger, with lower income, on WIC or Medicaid, or not married were also more likely to experience life stressors. Alarmingly, reported abuse was also higher in WWE compared with WWoE. Attention from clinicians and support services for WWE are needed to optimize good pregnancy outcomes.