Child Friendly Research Articles

A Tracer Study on Child Participation in Child Councillor Programmes Aimed towards Development of the Child Friendly Cities Initiative

The Child Friendly Cities Initiative introduced by UNICEF aims to help local governments realise child rights by utilising the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as its foundation. Using Lundy’s model of child participation, which focuses on spaces, voice, audience, and influence, this study assesses young people’s participation as child councillors in two programmes in one city in Malaysia. Ten young people who were former child councillors in one state in Malaysia participated in this study. This study employed thematic analysis in analysing the data obtained using focus groups. Based on the data presented, it was clear that adult (the responsible party) understanding of meaningful child participation is still weak. This study offers substantial contributions to the limited body of literature on child participation in Malaysia by focusing on the difficulties of former child councillors in engaging in meaningful participation. Thus, more efforts (for example, by using participatory methods) are needed to educate the responsible party on the importance of addressing the power dynamic between children and adults so that children can participate effectively in decision-making processes.

Pengurangan Perilaku Bullying pada Sekolah Ramah Anak

The background of this exploration is that schools are no longer a safe place from bullying and violence because the perpetrators are teachers, principals or friends. It is important to see examples of schools that are capable of being role models as Sekolah Ramah Anak (SRA), in this case MTsN 6 Padang. This research problem is to analyze the model of Child Friendly School (SRA) at MTsN 6 Padang, and the implementation of policies Child Friendly School (SRA) in reducing bullying at MTsN 6 Padang. The analysis theory of this study uses social fact analysis in Foucault's perspective. Foucault sees bullying as a target of power in the form of power and control relations in the field of education in schools. This exploration method system uses a qualitative with a descriptive type and case study approch. The results of the study show that the SRA model at MTsN 6 Padang is a Child Friendly Teaching Model (CFTM) based on 3P: Provision, Protection, and Participation. The implementation of the SRA policy in reducing bullying at MTsN 6 Padang is; 1) dissemination of anti-bullying, 2) preparation of a child's rights-based curriculum, 3) improvement of education of teachers and education staff, 4) completeness of child-friendly school facilities and infrastructure, 5) involving representatives of students as the implementing team, 6) increasing the participation of parents under supervision of child development.

IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE MINISTER OF WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT AND CHILD PROTECTION REGULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER 8 OF 2014 CONCERNING CHILD FRIENDLY SCHOOLS (SRA) POLICIES IN BANDAR LAMPUNG

Quality education supports the progress of a nation. Therefore, an education system is needed as a guideline for implementing an effective and efficient educational process. The education system implemented in Indonesia has undergone many changes. That with these changes Indonesian education is increasingly progressing. For this reason, an effort is needed in order to improve the quality of education and teaching, one of which is to choose a learning strategy or a way of conveying subject matter so that an increase in student learning achievement is obtained. Child-Friendly Schools, hereinafter abbreviated as SRA, are formal, non-formal and informal education units that are safe, clean and healthy, care and have a culture of the environment, capable of guaranteeing, fulfilling, respecting children's rights and protecting children from violence, discrimination and mistreatment. and support children's participation, especially in planning, policy, learning, supervision, and complaint mechanisms related to the fulfillment of children's rights and protection in education. The purpose of this article is to find out how the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2014 concerning Child Friendly School Policy (SRA) in Bandar Lampung. The research method used for this research is empirical juridical or socio legal. Based on the Regulation of the State Minister for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2014 concerning Child Friendly School Policy, there are several indicators that must be met in the learning component to become a Child Friendly School (SRA), namely: SRA Policy, Curriculum implementation, Educators and staff trained education on child rights, SRA facilities and infrastructure.

Influence of Smartphones on Childhood Trauma (Behavior): A Narrative Analysis of Secondary School at Karachi

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of smartphones on childhood trauma, particularly in the behavior of secondary school students in Karachi. The study used a qualitative approach and a sample size of ten (10) respondents, collected through snowball sampling. The data was gathered through structured interviews and analyzed using narrative and thematic analysis. The results indicated that excessive use of smartphones has negative effects on child behavior, including family and friend relationships, passions, and self-esteem. Moreover, the disproportionate smartphone use leads to reduced facial interaction, and increased loneliness, depression, stress, and anxiety among children. Children may also become disinterested in other activities due to the ease of accessing anything from anywhere through smartphones. The study recommends that parents monitor their children's social media use, be aware of the websites and games they visit, and encourage a balanced use of smartphones.

Life Satisfaction of Early Adolescents: Roles of Child Abuse, Friend Communication, and Self-Esteem

Life Satisfaction of Early Adolescents: Roles of Child Abuse, Friend Communication, and Self-Esteem

CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN TOURISM AND THE LEGAL SYSTEM: LESSONS FOR CHILD PROTECTION PROFESSIONALS

Almost everywhere around the globe children are subjected to maltreatment. Serious actions are required at all levels to end it with urgency. All children are entitled to full protection from all forms of abuse. This is reaffirmed by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in which all nations are obligated to protect children from all forms of abuse and promote the physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration of sexual abuse survivors. The objective of the review was to examine the gaps in child abuse prevention legal systems in order to share knowledge to better protect the children.
 Thus, a systematic review of the literatures using data from different sources was actuated. Different search engines were used to search for these articles. Only peer-reviewed scholarly publications published after 2000 were selected except extracts perceived to be critical. The review demonstrates that the protection of children against abuse through the existing legal systems is constrained by inadequacy of legislations, poor enforcement mechanisms, poverty and corruption, lack of rehabilitation programmes, negative attitudes, ineffective judiciary system, lack of training, inadequate multidisciplinary collaboration, lack of child friendly courts, threatening defense lawyers, lengthy and intimidating court procedures, inconsistent age of consent, lack of mandatory reporting of abuse, non-recognition of institutional crime, wee statute of limitation, insufficient funding, discriminatory laws, lack of cooperation and support, lack of birth registration; and lack of national sex offenders register. To conclude if the safety of the children is to be ensured, the challenges highlighted in the legal system must be addressed with urgency.
 Key words: Child Abuse, Legislations, Child Friendly, Courts, System.

Implementation of Child Friendly School Governance in Junior High Schools Country 3 Labuhan Deli Satu Atap

The realization of a child-friendly school requires the support of various parties, namely the family and the community, which are indeed the closest educational centers for children. Deli Serdang Regency, child-friendly schools are one of the innovations in formal, non-formal and informal education units that are safe, clean and healthy, care and have a culture of the environment, able to guarantee, fulfill, and respect children's rights and protect children from violence, discrimination, and other abuses and support children's participation, especially in planning, policy, learning, monitoring, and complaint mechanisms related to the fulfillment of rights and protection of children in education. The research was conducted at junior high schools country 3 Labuhan Deli One Roof, Deli Serdang Regency. The research approach is qualitative with a survey method of research indicators. The results of the study concluded: (1) Schools have written commitments regarding child-friendly school policies, but not all of them have been implemented, especially anti-violence policies in the form of official letters from internal schools, (2) Realization of a child-friendly learning process through non-violent discipline enforcement (3) Educators and education staff regularly attend training related to children's rights according to the characteristics of child-friendly schools, (4) School facilities and infrastructure have met safety requirements in terms of both building structures, security systems, lighting and cleaning facilities, (5) Child participation realized through the provision of opportunities to form communities to formulate school policies and regulations, (6) Realization of school cooperation with parents/guardians, community organizations, the business world, alumni and other stakeholders.

Characterizing U.S. mothers with high human papillomavirus vaccine intent yet unvaccinated adolescents

HPV vaccination rates remain suboptimal in the United States. While the current literature focuses on expressly hesitant parents, few studies have examined parents with “high intent”, or those indicating they definitely will vaccinate and have had the opportunity but not yet vaccinated their adolescents. Our objective was to differentiate characteristics of mothers with high intent from those who already vaccinated their adolescents using various socioeconomic, previous vaccine decision-making, and healthcare provider relationship-related variables. English-speaking mothers or female guardians of adolescents ages 11–14 years living in low HPV vaccine uptake states within the U.S. in September 2018 were recruited from a national survey panel as part of a larger study. We assessed HPV vaccine status of their adolescents and categorized respondents into two categories: Already Vaccinated and High Intent. We assessed differences using a multivariable logistic regression model. Among 2406 mothers, 18% reported high intent vs. 82% already having vaccinated. Mothers with high intent were more likely to identify as non-Hispanic White (p = 0.01), to have a younger adolescent (p < 0.001), and to report not receiving a provider HPV vaccination recommendation (p < 0.001). Mothers who estimated that half/more (vs. less) of their child's friends have received/will receive the vaccine had higher odds of already vaccinating (p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that clinicians may be able to improve HPV vaccination uptake within their practices by giving repeated, high-quality recommendations to parents of children who are not yet vaccinated. Additionally, these findings indicate perceived social norms may play a large role in on-time vaccine uptake. Reassuring hesitant parents that most parents accept the vaccine may also improve uptake in clinical practice.

Impact of residential everyday urban spaces conception on children community play behavior and cognitive development: the case of Cairo and Paris

This research was initiated with the objective of investigating the potential impact of urban space design on play behavior and child development. Two neighborhoods (in Paris and Cairo) with similar spatial typologies (garden, pedestrian pathways, assembly zone, courtyard, building buffers, and pockets), but with different spatial attributes forming different configurations, were investigated. The study relies on causal comparative survey and intrinsic case study approaches. Data collection was conducted through children behavioral observations on children aged from 5 to 12 , perceptual drawing activities and informal interviews with child-led walks. The children are from middle socio-cultural segments of both societies that helped in understanding children’s play in a variety of outdoor settings. The assembled data was analyzed within the shadow of Trialectic Space and Affordances theories to the two neighborhoods, where children perception to their lived ambiance was identified. Trialectic theory helps in comprehending the difference between the conceived space by designers, the perceive space by children, and the resulted lived space. Affordance theory helps to link the environmental characteristics and the users’ behaviors according to their capabilities. Based on the analyzed data, the study identified a set of specific spatial physical aspects and functional qualities “potentialities” associated to children experiences and their space preferences. The study recommended that urban planners should extract themes essential for creating “child friendly” environment.

Enhancing Breastfeeding Mothers' Knowledge and Expertise in Lactation Management in Menayu Village as a Child-Friendly Village

Menayu Village, Muntilan District, Magelang, became the pilot village as a Child Friendly Village (DLA). However, it does not meet the requirements as a DLA, especially in fulfilling children's rights in the cluster of children's basic health rights, such as the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, which does not match the national percentage, there are health cadres, but they do not focus on lactation issues. The purpose of this activity is to provide lactation management training to increase knowledge and skills among breastfeeding mothers. The method used is the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) model, which was carried out for three months in Menayu Village, the number of participants in this activity was 15-20 breastfeeding mothers and health cadres. The activity was carried out through the first stage, namely program socialization involving the village head, village midwife, and health cadres in the village. The second stage is counseling and training in lactation management skills, including the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, problems that occur during breastfeeding, skills in the form of oxytocin massage, how to express breast milk, and how to store breast milk. Finally, the assistance stage is followed by monitoring and evaluation. The results of lactation management training activities for breastfeeding mothers can increase their knowledge and skills in lactation management. This activity is an effort to fulfill children's rights in an effort to fulfill children's basic health rights in the process of growth and development in child-friendly villages in Menayu Village.

Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Khusus Pada Program Kota Layak Anak (KLA)

This article/writing discusses the implementation of special protection policies in the Child Friendly City (KLA) program. This article/writing aims to analyze how the implementation of special policies in this child-friendly city program goes well or vice versa. This special policy for the child-friendly city program is stated in the Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 25 of 2021 concerning Child-friendly Regency/City Policy, in which the discussion points regarding the special policy on the child-friendly city program are stated in the regulation. This writing. From the results of references from several literatures,this special policy in the child-friendly district/city program has several clusters, namely Victims of Violence &amp; Exploitation, Victims of Pornography &amp; Emergency Situations, Persons with Disabilities and ABH (Children in Conflict with the Law), Terrorism, Stigma. From several references and analysis of these references, it shows that the implementation of child-friendly city policies has been carried out well, although there are still obstacles or obstacles faced by relevant agencies or stakeholders such as the Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Agency. This happens because law enforcement officers have different perceptions, as well as the lack of public understanding of the existence of special policies in the child-friendly district/city program.

Metode Pembinaan Pendidikan Akhlak Tingkat Sekolah Dasar

Morals are behaviors that arise from good or bad habits. They help us to know what is right and wrong, and what is useful or not useful for ourselves. This research is a mix of library research (using books and other sources) and field research (gathering data through observation and interviews). The field research part of this study involved talking to Islamic religious teachers in elementary schools. The results showed that the use of many methods and varied approaches in fostering moral education at the elementary school level has been implemented properly. The various methods used to try to change someone's behavior include advice, warning, punishment, and habituation. The curriculum includes lessons on morality, respect for parents and elders, and being honest in speech. Additionally, students are taught how to protect the environment and conserve natural resources. The obstacles faced by Ustad Dalam in promoting moral education among children are that he does not know whether the children's friends are of good or bad character. It is hoped that this research will be useful not only for school principals and teachers as reference materials, but also for all readers in general.

Sekolah Ramah Anak dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar

Child Friendly Schools are a place to realize the goals of Islamic Religious Education which upholds human dignity, especially in the process of education and child care. The right and correct education and upbringing of students will determine the quality of human beings who are intellectually intelligent and have noble attitudes and behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the concept of Child Friendly Schools at the basic education level according to the Child Protection Law Number 14 of 2014 and its relevance to Islamic education. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method. Data collection techniques using documentation: editing, organizing, and finding. The results of this study indicate that Child Friendly Schools are the embodiment of a harmonious, safe, and friendly education model based on the principles of non-discrimination, the best interests of children, respecting children's views, and good management of all child-friendly education programs. Child-friendly education has a strong relevance and connection with Islamic education because Islamic education is also a systematic effort carried out in order to develop the potential of students through the provision of educational services that are humanist, inclusive, and uphold the dignity of children. Therefore, Islamic education sees child-friendly education as an inseparable part of the concept of education both ontologically and epistemologically

A Study on Community Play Space in the Eyes of Children under the Concept of Child Friendly City: A Case Study of Liupanshui City

Taking the "Children Friendly City" community as the background and the "Children's Perspective" as an auxiliary tool, through the investigation and research of community game spaces in Liupanshui City, we have learned about the stereotyped adult infrastructure in the community and the reality of the lack of children's space. We have found that the layout of community game spaces is unreasonable, the community game spaces do not take into account the needs of children, the facilities are single, and lack of interest the lack of openness in community children's play space and the lack of children's safe play needs in community play space. It also puts forward feasible suggestions on reasonable layout, creating diverse play styles for children, promoting their physical and mental health development, providing children with interesting community play space, and paying attention to safety issues.

Savaştan Etkilenen Çocukların Sağlık Sorunları: Sistematik Derleme

War Affected Children’s Health Problems: A Systematic Review Introduction: War impairs the bio-psycho-social health of individuals by increasing mortality and morbidity. Children’s basic lifestyles suffer. This systematic review was carried out to determine the physical, psychological and psychosocial health problems of children affected by the war and to present the initiatives applied to reduce these problems. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was prepared in accordance with The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis standards. In the study, the keywords “war affected youth”, “war affected boy or girl” and “war affected children” were used in Pubmed and CINAHL databases as English. Results: This study, a total of 105 articles were accessed and eight studies involving 3861 children were analyzed. In the study, which was examined in terms of physical health problems, it was found that the education level of the father affected the age of menarche (p&lt;0.05). In studies examined in terms of psychological health problems; 38.4% of children experienced at least one war incident and 21.4% of them were exposed to bombardment/gunfire; they were exposed to more trauma in their childhood (p&lt;0.001) and they experienced Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (p&lt;0.05); Stressful Life Events (SLE) significantly affected PTSD symptoms (p&lt;0.01); interventions reduced PTSD and distress symptoms (p&lt;0.05); It was found that PTSD scores decreased with Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Child Friendly Areas application (p&lt;0.001). In studies examined in terms of psychosocial health problems, the rate of involuntary injury was high in boys from veteran families (p&lt;0.01) and suicidal thoughts were found; It was determined that the children with high IQ levels had a good environment and a high income for the family (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the interventions applied in the studies were effective on children. It can be suggested to apply psycho-social-educational interventions in addition to medical treatments in order to improve the physical, psychological and psychosocial health problems of children affected by war and to ensure that these children are regained to themselves, their families and the society. Keywords: Child, health problems, war, violence.

The Evaluation of Children Friendly School's Programs towards Banjarmasin as a Children Friendly City

Background: Children Friendly Schools (CFS) are a dream for every student and parent, because in school students will get academic learning with a feeling of fun and calm. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the real conditions of primary schools in the city of Banjarmasin in the perspective of Child Friendly Schools and recommendations regarding the prototype of standard instruments and constructive criteria to measure the feasibility of schools as Child Friendly Schools with the standards set. Method: The research method uses R&amp;D techniques with stages: needs analysis, instrument prototype development, trials for construct validation and dissemination using 31 Elementary Schools in Banjarmasin City. The instrument of data collection uses a structured questionnaire. Findings: The results of the study show that the measuring instruments for achieving Children Friendly schools include 6 (six) components, namely (1) CFS policy, (2) implementation of the learning process, (3) Trained Educators and Education Personnel on Child Rights, (4) Infrastructure, (5) children's participation, (6) participation of parents, community institutions, business world, other stakeholders. There were 15 schools (48.39%) which were still below the average score and 16 schools (51.61%) were above the average score. The highest achievement level is the Learning Process Implementation Component (93.3%) and the lowest achievement is the Child Participation Component (56.68%). Schools have not been able to optimize the role of key targets to increase children's participation in planning, policy, learning, supervision and complaints mechanisms related to the fulfillment of children's rights and protection in education.

Principal Managerial in Creating Child Friendly Schools

This study aims to analyze and understand the managerial principles in creating child-friendly schools in the Pembina State Kindergarten, Padang Panjang City, West Sumatra. In this study, a phenomenological qualitative approach was used. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of child-friendly schools in the Pembina State Kindergarten of Padang Panjang City is carried out through various stages, namely SWOT Analysis, Branding Schools, Implementation of SRA Development, and Continuous Improvement. With the implementation of child-friendly schools in the Pembina State Kindergarten of Padang Panjang City, learning is more conducive and the trust of parents towards teachers is higher

Child Friendly City as a Participatory approach to enhance sustainable development: Case of Mingdong Community, Ningbo.

The aim of this paper is to introduce a model in children active participation mythologies in the community design process. It is divided in to three parts in addition to the introduction and conclusion. the first part is literature review introducing children, the Child friendly urban planning as a concept, children participation approaches, and sustainable development. The second part is the methodological approach proposed by author to reach a prototype model for children participation in community design process. The third part is presenting model empirical application on Ningbo china followed by discussion and conclusion parts. The prototype model was developed during YPPs workshop conducted by ISOCARP in Ningbo 2019. The YPP workshop presented an initial step to encourage child friendly Urbanism and shape their knowledge. The model combined child rights and sustainable urban development by answering three questions: How do the younger generations experience and perceive the city? How may Mingdong be imagined as a community that welcomes children? How should you proceed? The case study presented a testing ground for the task of enhancing Community children to participate actively and be core of development process during all phases.

Sosialisasi Penguatan dan Pengembangan Kabupaten/Kota Layak Anak di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

Socialization of Child Friendly Regency/City Development (KLA) is one form of government program activities in fulfilling children's rights. The socialization was carried out in the West Pasaman Region, initiated by the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning (DP3AP2KB) of West Sumatra Province. This activity aims to socialize Child Friendly Schools as one of the prerequisites for achieving Child Friendly Districts. This socialization method uses interactive lectures and discussions with DPRD members as well as all high school and vocational school principals in West Pasaman Regency and related local government organizations. The presentation shows that the socialization participants are very enthusiastic in asking questions and actively conducting discussions. Participants were given explanations regarding 24 indicators, namely; KLA local regulations, institutionalized KLA, community involvement (business and media), birth certificates, child-friendly information, child participation, consultation institutions for parents or families, alternative supervision institutions, child-friendly infrastructure, health facilities, prevalence of nutrition, PMBA, child-friendly health facilities, drinking water and sanitation, non-smoking areas, PAUD-HI, normal 12 years old, SRA, PKA, victims of violence and exploitation, victims of pornography and emergency situations, persons with disabilities and children with disabilities, stigma. The conclusion of this paper is that to achieve KLA, commitment from various related parties is needed.

The Greater Manchester Child Friendly Dental Practice Scheme: Using a Transformational Commissioning Approach to Align Paediatric Dental Service Provision with Childhood Oral Health Needs in Greater Manchester.

In response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to already oversubscribed specialist paediatric dental services, a pilot of an enhanced primary care paediatric dental pathway, known as the Child Friendly Dental Practice (CFDP) scheme, was commissioned by the Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership. Supported by a transformational commissioning approach, the ambition of the CFDP pilot was to manage or stabilise the oral health of high-need paediatric patients who had been referred to specialist dental services within Community or Hospital Dental Service settings, through timely access to primary care clinicians who were confident and experienced in treating children. The theory of change of the CFDP pilot proposed that rapid access to enhanced primary dental care would reduce the need for onward referral to specialist paediatric dental services, whilst also stabilising the oral health of children who require more complex management in specialist services. A formative evaluation of the phase one pilot implementation of the CFDP Scheme has demonstrated the potential of the CFDP Scheme to improve access to dental services for paediatric patients referred from their General Dental Practitioner. Comparison of waiting times between the CFDP pathway and the standard paediatric dental referral pathway have revealed substantially reduced waiting times to access care along the CFDP pathway, while less than 30% of those who attended CFDPs required onward referral to specialist paediatric dental services. Encouragingly, similar attendance and treatment completion rates were noted among patients from all levels of socio-economic deprivation, reducing concerns regarding the potential for service-based interventions to increase oral health inequalities. Following successful completion of the phase one pilot implementation and evaluation, the CFDP Scheme has now been rolled out across all localities in Greater Manchester as part of a second phase pilot implementation. Public Health Competencies; Equitable healthcare provision, Partnership working, Evidence-based public health, Systems thinking, Transformational commissioning, Healthcare evaluation.