Mothers Of Childbearing Age Research Articles

"Hit a bottleneck": a convergent mixed-methods approach to the Influencing factors and experience of fertility intention among mothers of childbearing age with two children in mainland China.

Fertility rates have been decreasing both worldwide and in China. Although current policies have been aimed at raising the birth rate in China, their overall effects have been unclear. Therefore, exploration of fertility intention and related influencing factors is crucial. This study used a convergent parallel mixed methods combining descriptive and cross-sectional designs with a framework analysis. Convenience sampling was used to select mothers of childbearing age with two children (n = 603), living in Guangdong Province, China. Participants completed an online questionnaire investigating sociodemographic characteristics, as well as determinants and attitudes regarding the third-child fertility intention. Correlation coefficients and multivariate regression analyses were used to present quantitative findings. Eleven interviews were conducted, and a framework analysis method was used for data analysis. The results for the qualitative and quantitative study components were analyzed separately and were subsequently integrated through side-by-side comparison and joint display. Attitudes toward fertility intention were negative, and the rate of fertility intention was 10.4% in Guangdong Province. In the quantitative component, women's age, perceived value of having a third child, and attitudes were found to be factors promoting the intention to have a third child, whereas monthly family income, grandparents' health status, and policy support were found to be factors hindering the intention to have a third child. Four major themes emerged regarding the perceptions and experiences regarding fertility intention in the qualitative component. After integrated analysis, younger age, knowledge regarding policy support, and access to childcare support were found to be factors significantly affecting the intentions of mothers with two children regarding having a third child. Fertility issues require continued attention. Our findings provide a reference for optimizing existing policies to increase fertility intentions. Providing policy support, such as public childcare support, flexible working hours for mothers, affordable childcare, and greater psychological support, would enable mothers to improve their parenting. In addition, increasing the dissemination of knowledge regarding policies is necessary to improve the level of public understanding and promote fertility intention.

Determinants of Utilization of Antenatal Care Services Among Women of Childbearing Age in Jigawa State, Nigeria.

Antenatal care (ANC) services play a crucial role in safeguarding the health of pregnant women during their reproductive years. This study aimed to evaluate the primary factors influencing the utilization of ANC among women of childbearing age in Isari town, Jigawa State. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 400 mothers of childbearing age, selecting them using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires. The statistical analyses performed were descriptive analysis, Pearson's chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis. The majority of respondents (92.5%) indicated awareness of ANC, with a significant proportion expressing the necessity of ANC services (85.7%). 57.8% of the respondents indicated attending ANC services at least four times during pregnancy. Furthermore, the number of visits has a significant relationship with age (P < 0.001), educational level (P = 0.003), occupation (P = 0.043), mother's knowledge of pregnancy danger signs (P = 0.001), and husband's support for ANC (P < 0.001). Enhancing ANC utilization will necessitate focusing on women residing in rural areas and those with limited educational attainment.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of childbearing age.

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the World Health Organization recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for up to 6 months. Despite the importance of breast milk, EBF is far less prevalent in Nigeria than is recommended for developing countries. Worse still, the odds of EBF practice are very low in rural communities. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of EBF as well as identify the factors associated with EBF practice among mothers of childbearing age in Chamo town, Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study is a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire to assess the required information. The methodology involved the use of simple random sampling to select mothers of reproductive age from Chamo town, which is a rural community located in Jigawa State, Nigeria. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the mother's knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding EBF. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with the practice of EBF. A total of 400 mothers between the ages of 18 and 41 took part in the study. More than half of the participants (57.8%) were between the ages of 26 and 33 and had a primary level of education (30.5%). Only 26.8% of the respondents practice EBF. Those with a tertiary education (AOR = 10.00, p < 0.001), civil servants (AOR = 12.51, p < 0.001), those aware of EBF (AOR = 3.65, p = 0.002), those with correct EBF knowledge (AOR = 4.61, p < 0.001), those with a positive attitude toward EBF demand (AOR = 0.51, p = 0.050), and those who received encouragement from their community (AOR = 9.87, p < 0.001) were more likely to practice EBF. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents' knowledge, attitude, and practice of EBF were minimal. This shows the need to step up efforts to educate mothers about the advantages of EBF for both their own health and that of their children while they are in the hospital recovering from childbirth.

Prevalence and Manifestations of Doctor-Diagnosed Allergies in Bulgarian Families with Atopy

Abstract Introduction Food allergy and atopic dermatitis are significant pediatric health problems in many developed countries. The prevalence of these conditions has been increasing over the past two decades in Western societies. However, there is a lack of epidemiological data for Bulgaria. Purpose To study the frequency of different manifestations of doctor-diagnosed allergies among families with atopy in Bulgaria. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,408 families with mothers of childbearing age hospitalized between 2017 and 2019 in the Maternity Ward of St. Anna hospital - Varna, Bulgaria. A direct individual questionnaire was applied to obtain information on social-demographic characteristics and manifestations of various forms of allergies. Data was analyzed with SPSS v. 21.0. Results The relative proportion of families with evidence of allergy on the side of the mother, father, or child was 11.63% (n = 280). The incidence of allergic diseases among mothers was 60.5% (n = 127), among fathers 38.6% (n = 8), and among children 57.8% (n = 63). Rhinconjunctivitis was the leading allergic manifestation in mothers (29.5%; n = 62) and fathers (24.8%; n = 52), and atopic dermatitis was the most common manifestation of allergy in their child (30.3%; n = 33). A significant relationship was established between atopic dermatitis in the family and the overall incidence of allergies in the child. Conclusions The data resulting from our study may serve as a basis for further research so the mechanisms of atopy to be investigated better. Prevention strategies need to be developed to address the march of allergy, characterized by the initial manifestation of allergy in childhood with atopic dermatitis and moving to food and respiratory manifestations. Key messages • The incidence of allergies has been increasing in recent years both in the world and in Bulgaria. • Тhe development of preventive measures to reduce the risk of allergic diseases could be of great importance for public health.

Institutional delivery knowledge, attitude, and practice among mothers of childbearing age with one or more children, Ethiopia.

Institutional delivery is Giving birth in medical institution under the care and Supervision of trained health care providers which promotes newborn survival and reduces maternal mortality. The objective of the study was to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards institutional delivery among mothers of child bearing age who have one or more child and visit MCH clinic Adaba health center, West Arsi zone, South East Ethiopia.Institutional based cross sectional study design was conducted. The study was conducted starting from May 1-30, 2021 at Adaba health center, West Arsi zone, South East Ethiopia. Our study sample size is 250 mothers who have at least one birth and visiting MCH at Adaba health center. Systematic random sampling was used to select mothers, Data was collected by using structured questionnaire. Finally, data was analyzed by SPSS version 21.Out of 250 women during our data collection time 246 (98.4%) were our respondents and 4 (1.6%) were non respondents. Among 246 women 213 (86.6%) had good knowledge and 33 (13.4%) had poor knowledge. While 212 (86.2%) had good attitude and 34(13.8%) had poor attitude and 179 (72.8%) had good practice but 67 (27.2%) had poor practice.Increasing knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers towards institutional delivery plays a key role in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. However, the prevailing level of KAP towards institutional delivery is not satisfactory. Increasing utilization of institutional delivery by increasing awareness of each community through health information dissemination on importance of institutional delivery is needed.

Institutional delivery service utilisation and associated factors among mothers of childbearing age in Delgi District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study design

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the use of institutional delivery services and associated factors among Delgi District mothers of childbearing age.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study design.SettingAt five Kebeles in Delgi District,...

The diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy presenting to Mater Dei Hospital between June 2019 and June 2020

The incidence of ectopic pregnancies has steadily increased over recent years and despite advances in treatment it still remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this audit was to assess whether diagnosis and management is occurring as per international suggested guidance and practice. This study is a retrospective one using data collected from June 2019 to June 2020. All data were password protected and kept anonymous. No patient contact occurred. The standard cross referenced was the ‘April 2019 NICE Guideline on the Management of Ectopic Pregnancy’. Thirty-one ectopic pregnancies occurred between June 2019 and June 2020. Twenty-nine underwent surgical management and two medical. Six out of the 29 surgically managed patients were managed incorrectly. Twenty-four of the surgical cases were managed laparoscopically. Presence of a foetal heart rate remained undocumented in 21 out of 31 of cases. The results highlight the ease of access to emergency gynaecological services at Malta’s national hospital. However, this audit did highlight the discrepancy that can occur in examination in association with ectopic pregnancy. An inconsistency was noted in documentation. Additionally, a number of cases could have been offered and benefitted from different modes of management. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in mothers of childbearing age. The diagnostic method and appropriate management for EP has been extensively studied. Concrete- and evidence-based guidelines guide clinical management and improve morbidity and mortality. Local guidelines improve clinical outcome. What do the results of this study add? This study shows the impact of clinical outcome without a national guideline to guide management on a national level. Malta has one national hospital in which the local obstetrics and gynaecology department is run. The results of this study thus comprise of nationwide statistics on EP and its management. Ectopic pregnancies are managed without a local guideline in place. It also reflects the ease of access to health care in smaller countries. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The findings of this study have resulted in the production of a local guideline for the management of EP, as well as the introduction of a protocol for obtaining methotrexate for medical management. It has introduced new ultrasound machines and staff training to aid diagnostics. Further re-auditing will be carried out to analyse the impact a local guideline has on clinical practice at a national level.

Reducing Stunting Prevalence: Causes, Impacts, and Strategies

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was still high at 24.4% based on the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Study, while at 20.9% in Central Java. Policymakers need to make quick and practical decisions to support the creation of an environment that empowers communities in stunting prevention. This current study aimed to describe the cause and effect of stunting and various applicable models of community empowerment in various regions of Indonesia to prevent stunting cases. This study used a qualitative method and focus group discussions (FDG) for data collection. It was conducted in mid-2022. The participants were the technical officers of the provincial government, National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN), non-government organizations, nutritionists, child health experts and academicians, as many as 2 participants from each organization selected by the purposive sampling method. The FGD results showed several good practices in some regions. One initiative to replicate is providing stunting prevention training for cadres and mothers of childbearing age and health promotion programs for prospective brides at least three months before marriage. Besides, forming a team for collecting data on prospective brides, and improving the existing recording system is required to reduce stunting prevalence.

Value of Children among Chinese Mothers: Cohort Effects and Urban-rural Differences

China is facing a dramatic decrease of fertility rate, even after the one-child policy has been changed to two-children policy. Psychologists propose that value of children may account for willingness to deliver babies. Value of children (VOC) includes VOC+ (which means the positive values of children) and VOC- (the cost and expenditure of having children). This study compared value of children among different cohorts of Chinese women and women in urban and rural areas in China. In Study 1, 203 mothers of childbearing age in China were recruited to complete VOC scale. Their responses were then compared with 208 mothers born in 1920~1949 and 206 mothers born in 1950~1979 in the study by Zheng et al., (2005). Cohort effects were found in all VOC dimensions, the current generation pays less attention to children s traditional value of economic support and old-age security, and pays more attention to children s emotional and familial values, as well as the disadvantages and constraints in delivering babies, indicating Chinese women s values of children have changed over time. In Study 2, women in three areas of different economic levels were recruited. Results showed differences in both VOC+ and VOC- dimensions: women in remote rural areas put more emphasis on “traditional VOC”, while participants in urban areas rated higher in VOC-. This may explain why the fertility rate in urban area is even lower than that in rural area in China. Reasons of intergenerational and urban-rural differences are further discussed.</br></br> Key Words: Value of children, cohort effect, urban-rural differences, Chinese mothers

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN MINAT IBU PASANGAN USIA SUBUR (PUS) DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI DALAM RAHIM (AKDR) DI PUSKESMAS DURAI

The data portrays Puskesmas Durai as the health centre with the lowest used of IUD for birth controlling in Karimun which reached only 12 people (1.1%) from the total population of 1.061 people. This study aims to investigate the correlation between knowledge and interest of childbearing age mothers toward IUD use in Puskesmas Durai in 2018. This study used analytical survey with control case study design. The sample of this study was 12 IUD users as the case group, meanwhile the control group was taken with a ratio of 1: 5, and thus 60 respondents were taken. Therefore the total sample was of 72 respondents. The data analysis technique employed was the Risk Estimate test. The result shows 15 people (20.8%) have good knowledge on IUD, however 57 of them (79.2%) have poor knowledge about IUD. On the other hand, it is also shown 15 people (20.8%) are interested in using IUS, but 57 of them (79.2%) have no interest at all. Based on the statistical test, it is indicated that there is no significant correlation between respondents’ knowledge and IUD use with Odds Ratio value of 0.723 (0.141-3.719). Besides, there is also no significant correlation between their interest and the use of IUD with Odds Ratio value of 0.723 (0.141-3.719). Therefore, it is concluded that the knowledge and interest of childbearing age mother are still low toward the IUD use for birth controlling tool, particularly in Puskesmas Durai in 2018. As the suggestion, it is hoped that health personnel to provide more information and health counseling specifically on the benefit of the UID as another contraception option.

PEMANFAATAN PELAKSANAAN LOKAKARYA MINI PUSKESMAS OLEH PETUGAS PENANGGUNGJAWAB PROGRAM DALAM RANGKA PENCAPAIAN TARGET KINERJA PROGRAM UKM (UPAYA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT) ESENSIAL DI PUSKESMAS AEK HABIL KOTA SIBOLGA TAHUN 2019

One of the duties of the Puskesmas is to carry out Community Health Efforts with indicators that assess the achievement of the Minimum Service Standards target. Achievement of Minimum Service Standards indicates that there are essential Public Health Effort programs that have not reached the target. The forum used to help achieve the Minimum Service Standard targets is a mini Puskesmas workshop. This study aims to determine the use of the mini Puskesmas workshop by the program officer in achieving the performance targets of the Essential Public Health Efforts program at the Puskesmas. The research method uses descriptive exploratory qualitative. The main informant is the person in charge of the essential Public Health Program and the additional informant is the Head of the Puskesmas, the Coordinator of Public Health Efforts and the financial manager. The results showed that the knowledge of program managers about the mini workshop was quite good, they considered the mini workshop very important and carried out the resulting agreement. But the mini workshop did not guarantee that the performance target would be achieved. Many factors hindered it, on Maternal and Child Health because the K4 achievement calculation could not be completed in one year and K4 drop out. In the family planning program, mothers of childbearing age are reluctant to use contraceptives and their husband's perception is not good. In the Disease Prevention and Control program on early detection of cervical and breast cancer, the reluctance of women aged 30-50 years to do early detection is due to shame, lack of knowledge, perceptions of poor health, and the lack of active roles from cadres and cross-sectoral. In screening visual and hearing acuity due to new performance indicators, lack of competence and number of officers. It is recommended that the person in charge of the program be more active in managing the program, coordinating with other programs and for the Head of the Puskesmas to improve monitoring and evaluation of the performance of the person in charge of the program.

Dental caries risk factors of childbearing-age mother in rural village: A cross-sectional study

Aim: To evaluate the risk factors of dental caries in childbearing-age mother. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-observational study. The samples were selected by using the total sampling method in the population of childbearing-age mothers in Urung-urung Village, Indonesia, with a total sample of 85 respondents. This study used a questionnaire for risk factor assessment, as well as intra-oral examination using the DMF-T index (decay, missed, filled teeth index) and the OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified). Data that had been obtained were processed to determine the caries level based on the DMF-T index. From the DMF-T index data, a cross-tabulation test was carried out between the DMF-T score and education level, age, daily expenditure, use of prostheses, toothbrush habits, knowledge of oral health, and status of oral hygiene presented in table form. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS Ver 18 Software Program (IBM, New York). Results: Overall, 65% of the respondents have a high DMF-T score (>6). The results of the cross-tabulation test with the DMF-T score showed that age (OR = 1.151), educational background (OR = 2.625), access to health services (OR = 1.140), knowledge of dental caries (OR = 1.040), and the OHI-S score (OR = 3.087) were risk factors for the severity of dental caries. However, only the OHI-S score showed a significant Odds Ratio (OR) <0.05. Conclusions: The OHI-S score variable represented the risk factor of caries severity in the childbearing-age mother population in Urung-urung Village.

Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Peningkatan Kesehatan Reproduksi melalui Pemeriksaan Organ Reproduksi Mandiri

Community service activity aims to increase the understanding of the people of Gayaman Village and to change behavior regarding early detection of cervical cancer and breast cancer. The method used is health education, discussions, questions and answers. The material given to mothers of childbearing age is about early detection of breast cancer with BSE and early detection of cervical cancer by IVA examination. This activity was attended by 20 women of childbearing age in Gayaman Village, Mojoanyar District in March - June 2020. The results obtained were that the participants were enthusiastic about the education and counseling that had been carried out supported by significant results, where 90% of the participants understood and were able to practice early detection of BSE examination. This activity should be carried out regularly and continuously so that mothers of childbearing age can increase knowledge and increase the coverage of early screening for cervical cancer and breast cancer.

Magnitude of home delivery and associated factors among child bearing age mothers in Sherkole District, Benishangul Gumuz regional state-Western-Ethiopia

BackgroundThe World Health Organization estimates that globally only 43% of women have access to skilled care during deliveries and the rest are exposed to unskilled delivery service. A recent Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey report stated that maternal death was 412 per 100,000 in 2016.This still indicates that maternal health remains a major public health problem in Ethiopia irrespective of the government’s measure to institutional delivery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of home delivery and associated factors among women of child bearing age in Sherkole district, Western Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross sectional study was conducted among women aged 15–49 years in Sherkole district, Benishangul Gumuz region from January to June 2018. A total of 451 randomly selected women were included in the study. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with home delivery among women in the child bearing age. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance.ResultsThe magnitude of home delivery was 353 (80%) and were assisted by non-skilled birth attendants. Mothers whose husband chooses the place of delivery [AOR: 5.6, 95% CI (2.1–15.2), Mothers’ occupation ([AOR: 0.21 95% C I (0.08–0.57), ANC visit [AOR: 95 CI: 5.1(1.6–15.8), decision making [AOR: 95 CI: 0.3(0.01–0.7)] and traditional remedies [AOR: 95%CI: 0.03 (0.01–0.09)] were significantly associated with home delivery.ConclusionsBased on the findings of the survey, it was concluded that the overall magnitude of home delivery was found to be high. Therefore, it is recommended that the promotion of antenatal care follow-up with maternal and child health information particularly on delivery complications or danger signs needs due attention and remedial actions. In addition, it is indispensable introducing defaulter tracing mechanisms in ANC services, by learning from experiences of settings that have already adopted it.

Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Uptake and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Gave Birth in the Last 12 Months in Errer District, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia.

Background Maternal tetanus is defined as tetanus acquired during pregnancy or within 6 weeks after the end of conception. As tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease, immunization of pregnant mothers with a TT (tetanus toxoid) dose is one of the most effective ways to protect against the disease. Some studies showed that 94% of neonatal mortality reduction could be achieved through immunization of pregnant and childbearing-age mothers with at least two doses of TT vaccination. Objective To assess the uptake of tetanus toxoid vaccine and associated factors among mothers who gave birth in the last 12 months in Errer district, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia, 2017. Methods and Materials A community-based cross-sectional study design was implemented to study 440 mothers who gave birth in the last 12 months. Participants were selected using the strata and systematic sampling technique after conducting a preliminary survey. Data were collected through a face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire. The collected data was entered into EpiData version 3.02 and then exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were carried out to see the association between variables at p < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Finally, the information was presented by using frequencies, summary measures, and tables. Result The overall tetanus vaccination uptake (≥TT2) doses was found to be 51.8%, 95% CI (47.7%, 56.4%). The total number of mothers who complete the five TT doses was 31 (14.8%). Urban residence [AOR = 6.1, 95% CI: (2.33, 10.43)], multiparity [AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: (1.7, 6.4)], and traveling less than 30 minutes from the home to a health facility [AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: (1.34, 6.72)] were some the factors that were significantly associated with tetanus toxoid vaccination uptake. Conclusion and Recommendation. Although TT immunization is a scientifically proven mechanism to protect against maternal and neonatal tetanus, only half of the district mothers received ≥TT2 doses. Besides, our study revealed that the low vaccine uptake is attributed to long distance travel to reach a health facility, maternal illiteracy, and pastoralist lifestyle of mothers in the district. Thus, the regional stakeholders are required to scale up efforts on mother's awareness creation towards the importance of the vaccine through health education and to arrange outreach TT vaccination campaigns in distant pastoralist communities within the region.

Maternal depression, a hidden predictor for severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6-59 months: a case-control study at Omdurman Paediatrics Teaching Hospital, Sudan.

Malnutrition remains one of the main disabling issues in child health, especially in developing countries. Maternal depression by its related disabilities has been linked with children undernutrition in the studies abroad. Unfortunately, not much is known regarding this issue in Sudan, so this study aims to examine the association between maternal depression and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children under 5 years of age. A matched case-control study was conducted in Omdurman Paediatrics Teaching Hospital. Children admitted with SAM were assigned as cases, whereas controls were age- and sex-matched children with normal weight and height admitted in the same hospital. Mothers of both cases and controls were assessed for depression utilising the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 tool. The prevalence of depression among mothers of malnourished children was high (41.5%) compared to the mothers of controls (19.1%). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of maternal depression were markedly higher in cases than in controls (AOR = 3.09, p = 0.002), as was the odds of below 1-year breastfeeding weaning (AOR = 18.60, p = 0.006) and mother illiteracy (AOR = 2.42 p = 0.031). Furthermore, the analysis found a significant negative association between the occurrence of malnutrition and exclusive breastfeeding (AOR = 0.43, p = 0.015). Maternal depression carries a significant burden in the mothers of children hospitalised with SAM. We strongly recommend routine screening and treatment for depression in childbearing age mothers in the available relative maternal and child health clinics.

Prevalence and Knowledge towards Breastfeeding of Mothers Attending the Well-Baby Clinic at Primary Health Centers in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 2018

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding offers a lot of benefits to both the mother and infant. The World Health Organization (WHO) even recommended breastfeeding as an effective way in promoting infant nutrition. However, despite of advancing medical technology, breastfeeding practice is continually declining in Saudi Arabia as caused by a variety of factors. AIM: The aim of this research is to assess the knowledge on breastfeeding, its prevalence, and the socio-demographic factors affecting the knowledge of mothers attending a well-baby clinic in primary health care centers in Makkah. Methodology: The researcher conducted a cross-sectional survey to working mothers attending a well-baby clinic in primary health care centers in Makkah. Mothers of childbearing age and of any nationality were included in this study. A self-administered questionnaire involving three main sections, namely: socio-demographic information, level of knowledge, and attitude of mothers was utilized for data collection. Results: Majority of the respondents score correctly in 19 out of 20 knowledge items concerning breastfeeding practice. Relating the socio-demographic characteristics of participants towards their breastfeeding knowledge, the average knowledge score was found to range from 13 to 14, suggesting that the sampling population have an average knowledge on breastfeeding and its benefits. Mothers with infant delivered via spontaneous vaginal delivery and with housemaid were reported to have higher mean knowledge scores and are deemed to have better knowledge towards breastfeeding. Likewise, those who breastfed until 6 months, those who stopped breastfeeding after 12 months, and those who introduced supplemental food between 4 and 6 months garnered a higher mean knowledge scores. On the other hand, mothers who consulted their doctor on choosing artificial milk as well as those whose milk had been changed more than once had gotten a lower mean knowledge score. Conclusion: The result of self-administered questionnaire suggests that the sampling population have an average knowledge on breastfeeding and its benefits. Factors such as nationality, occupation of the mother, and mode of infant delivery were not significantly associated to breastfeeding practice. On the other hand, experiencing the SVD or CS mode of infant delivery and having housemaids can aid in the dissemination of breastfeeding knowledge.

Vitamin A intakes remain higher among intervention participants 3 years after a biofortification intervention in Mozambique.

The Reaching End Users (REU) project introduced orange sweet potatoes (OSP) to farmers in northern Mozambique between 2006 and 2009, and the associated cluster randomised control trial found increased vitamin A intake among targeted children and women of child-bearing age and reduced prevalence of inadequate vitamin A intake. Yet little is known about whether successful agricultural-nutrition interventions have lasting effects. This study measures the lasting effects of the REU project, 3 years after the project ended, on vitamin A intake. To do so, dietary intake data were collected in the same thirty-six villages as the original study, focusing on both women of child-bearing age and children under 6 years old, the latter including both children who had been measured before and younger children (under 3 years old) in the same farmer groups. The dietary intake is then converted to micronutrient intake to compare treated households with control households. Vitamin A intake remains higher in treated villages than in control villages among both children under 3 years old, who had not been born when the original intervention ended, and mothers of child-bearing age. Differences in vitamin A intake can wholly be attributed to differences in OSP intake. Therefore, the REU project appears to have had lasting impacts on vitamin A intake beyond the intervention period. Had the vine retention component been enhanced, lasting impacts could have been even larger.

Women’s experiences of ceasing to breastfeed: Australian qualitative study

ObjectiveTo investigate mothers’ infant feeding experiences (breastfeeding/formula milk feeding) with the aim of understanding how women experience cessation of exclusive breastfeeding.DesignMultimethod, qualitative study; questionnaire, focus groups and interviews.SettingNorthern and Southern...

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU USIA SUBUR DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN IVA DI PUSKESMAS SUNGAI LIMAU

Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women and is the biggest cause of death in the world. The incidence of cervical cancer in Indonesia is &lt;19.92% per 100,000 women per year. Prevention of cervical cancer can be done by early detection of IVA examination. The UPTD of the Gasan Gadang Community Health Center is the lowest achievement of the IVA examination of 2,322 WUS in which only 45 people conducted IVA examinations. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes of Fertile Age Mothers Against IVA Examination. This type of research is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study was 127 people and a sample of 56 people was taken by simple random sampling. The dependent variable is IVA examination while the independent variable is the level of knowledge and attitude. Data was collected through questionnaires given to women of childbearing age based on inclusion criteria. Data analysis was done by univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate by chi square test (p = 0.05). The results showed that more than half of the respondents had a low level of knowledge, more than half of the respondents were negative about IVA examination, and most respondents did not conduct IVA examinations. The results of bivariate analysis have a relationship between the level of knowledge (p = 0.001) and attitude (p = 0.018) with IVA examination. It can be concluded that a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes toward IVA examination. Suggestions for research sites, namely Sungai Limau Health Center to further improve counseling and a good approach must be made to the community, especially mothers of childbearing age, to IVA examination.