Chi Test Research Articles

Ivermectin vs moxidectin for treating Strongyloides stercoralis infection: a systematic review.

The aim was to assess the efficacy of ivermectin vs moxidectin for treating Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for studies comparing ivermectin and moxidectin from inception to February 2024. The outcomes: elimination of infection or parasitological cure, mortality and serious adverse events. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous data. Heterogeneity was assessed using Chi2 test for statistical heterogeneity and results of the I2 statistic. Two trials met the inclusion criteria that included 821 adult participants. Both studies were conducted in southeast Asia (Cambodia and Laos). Neither trial included immunocompromised patients. The mean age of the participants ranged from 40 to 45 years old, with a similar distribution of males and females. For all participants, S. stercoralis infection was confirmed by Baermann method. The evidence was moderate for parasitological cure rate. Certainty was downgraded by 1 level because of imprecision. Moxidectin was not inferior to ivermectin: OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.36–1.25 (P = 0.21), I2 = 0%, 821 participants. No deaths were reported in either trial. One trial reported mild adverse events. In total, 153/726 (21%) participants had an adverse event. The most reported symptoms were abdominal pain and headache. There is evidence for moderate quality that moxidectin is non-inferior to, and as safe as ivermectin; however, more high-quality and well-designed trials are needed. For patients with some underlying immunosuppressive disorder, or in patients who are very young or very old, current data are insufficient to be recommended.

Describing COVID-19 immunizations for First Nations people on-reserve in Alberta using real-time integration of point of care and provincial data.

COVID-19 profoundly impacted First Nation peoples. Historically, records of on- and off-reserve vaccine delivery have been fragmented. For the first time in Canada, we aimed to describe complete immunization rates, on- and off-reserve vaccine delivery, for COVID-19 in Alberta, Canada among First Nations on-reserve. Fifteen First Nations in Alberta, Canada participated in this prospective, descriptive cohort study whereby real-time integration (RTI) was deployed to reconcile COVID-19 vaccine delivery records on-reserve (local database) to those reported off-reserve (provincial database) between January 3, 2021-December 1, 2022. Immunization data (individuals ≥6months) were aggregated into 100 one-week intervals. Weekly immunization rates were assessed by age, sex, community size, and location of vaccine administration (on- or off-reserve) using multiple linear regressions and chi2 tests. 50,758 First Nation people were included, approximately 50% of whom were female. RTI data showed that 64% received at least one dose of vaccine with higher rates in older First Nation adults. No sex differences were observed. Nearly half received their first dose off-reserve and would have been missed by local public health on-reserve (local database) without the implementation of RTI. First dose immunization rates rapidly increased with graduated First Nation-specific eligibility and provincial incentives promoting uptake (p<0.001). We accurately assessed complete immunization rates among First Nation people receiving services on-reserve irrespective of delivery of immunizations on- or off-reserve through deployment of an innovative RTI approach. Without these RTI advances, immunization rates would have been substantially under-reported and may have misdirected public health initiatives around vaccine uptake. RTI should be a priority for all provinces in Canada to ensure accurate coverage rates for First Nation people.

Changes in primary healthcare workforce burnout during and after the termination of COVID-19 emergency response: A one-and-half-year observational study

ABSTRACT Background: Primary healthcare workforce (PHCW) should be suffered from less burnout after the termination of the COVID-19 response. The current study compared the changes in the three dimensions of burnout in PHCW during and after the response. Methods: Two convenience-sampling, online, cross-sectional questionnaire studies were conducted in local PHCW. Studies were administered in April 2022 and 8 months after the termination. Burnout was measured by the Chinese version of 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (reduced PA). The primary outcome was the prevalence of its three dimensions. Data on demographics, work environment, health conditions, and outlets for stress reduction were collected. We compared burnout and associated factors between the study periods by using Student’s t-test, Chi test, or Mann‒Whitney test. The association between factors and burnout was identified by a logistic regression model. Results: In total, 162 and 200 participants completed the questionnaires during and after the response. No significant differences in demographics, including age, gender, education attainment, work experience, or seniority level were observed. The prevalence of burnout-free status was similar (9.9% vs 12.5%, P = 0.434) between the two periods. Severe burnout decreased from 45.7% to 0%, and moderate burnout nearly doubled after the response. The prevalence of EE decreased the most, by 55.0%, followed by that of DP, which decreased by 38.4% (all P &lt; 0.001); however, there was no difference in the prevalence of reduced PA (77.2% vs 74.5%, P = 0.557). Logistic regression showed that promotion and alcohol consumption decreased the risk of EE. Considering leaving the job increases the risk of DP, a lower self-evaluated health score and more distress were associated with EE and DP. Exercise decreased the risk of reduced PA. Conclusions: Inconsistent with the hypothesis, we found that severe burnout decreased, but moderate burnout increased in PHCWs after the response. EE and DP decreased more, but reduced PA had no change. Incentives, improved self-evaluated health conditions, alcohol consumption, and exercise ameliorate burnout. Healthcare policy makers must consider multiple effective ways to mitigate burnout in the post-epidemic era.

Foramen tympanicum: tomographic study of a large cohort of Europeans.

The foramen tympanicum (FT) is an anatomical variation of the tympanic part of the temporal bone located in the anteroinferior part of the external auditory pore (EAP) and posteromedial to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The FT is most often asymptomatic, but it can be symptomatic in rare cases. The prevalence of FT varies widely in the literature. The aim of our study was to determine the radiological prevalence in a European population. We retrospectively analyzed the presence of FT in all patients who underwent brain or rock scans from January 2021 to July 2022 in University Hospital. Demographic characteristics such as age and gender were collected. Morphometric measurements on the FT were also carried out manually: axial, sagittal and area calculation. Binomial test, Pearson's Chi2 test or Student's T test were carried out according to the type of analysis. A total of 2040 patients were included. 145 patients with FT were identified, giving a prevalence of 7.11%. FT were unilateral in 39% and bilateral in 61% of cases (p = 0.008). Women were statistically more likely to have one (p = 0.00002). Higher age was correlated with an increase in the prevalence of FT (p = 0.03). The morphometric measurements did not reveal any differences depending on the side. This study is the largest series of Computed Tomography (CT) scans on the prevalence of foramen tympanicum. Although rare, every surgeon must keep in mind this anatomical entity to limit the risk during a surgical procedure.

Analisis Marketing Mix 7P terhadap Minat Kunjungan Ulang Pasien di Klinik Khasanah Medika dan Baitul Syifa Tahun 2024

Number of repeat visits from old patients in 2023 at the Baitul Syifa Clinic is 74%, while at the Khasanah Medika Clinic ber of patient visits has an impact on low clinic income, so that Marketing Mix 7P can be used as an appropriate marketing strategy to increase patient interest in repeat visits. The purpose of this research analyze influence Marketing Mix 7P on interest in re-visiting patients at the Baitul Syifa Clinic and Khasanah Medika Clinic and analyzing the variabels that have the most dominant influence on interest in re-visiting patients. This type of research is quantitative research by design cross sectional. Sampling technique with Purposive sampling. The subjects of this research were outpatients at the Baitul Syifa Clinic and Khasanah Medika Clinic. The number of samples in this study was 100 patients from each clinic. The research instrument uses a questionnaire with statistical tests chi square. The research results stated that Marketing Mix 7P has a significant effect on interest in repeat visits by Baitul Syifa clinic patients, including variabels Product with a value of 81% (p=0,000), Price with a value of 79% (p=0,000), Promotion with a value of 78% (p=0,000), Place with a value of 80% (p=0,000), People (p=0,000), Process with a value of 80% (p=0,000), and Physical Evidence with a value of 78% (p=0.000), whereas Marketing Mix at the Khasanah Medika clinic which consists of Product with a value of 80% (p=0,000), Price with a value of 80% (p=0,000), and Place with a value of 78% (p=0.000) has a significant effect on patient interest in repeat visits, other variabels, namely Promotion with a value of 43% (p=0,909), People with a value of 67% (p=0,970), Process with a value of 68% (p=0,268), and Physical Evidence with a value of 48% (p=0.983).

Brown adipose tissue activation in paediatric and adolescent oncological (Hodgkin lymphoma or sarcoma) cases visualised on FDG PET/CT

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to study the possible factors influencing visualisation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) on FDG PET/CT at diagnosis in children.MethodA total of 92 children or adolescents were included (63 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and 29 patients with sarcoma). We examined FDG PET/CT images obtained at diagnosis and searched for FDG uptake in BAT. We analysed the relationship between BAT activation and different possible influencing factors, such as age, sex, outside temperature or season, histological type of malignancy (HL or sarcoma), and volumetric and metabolic values of the tumour tissue. Mann-Whitney, Chi-2 and Fischer's exact tests, and logistic regression analysis were used.ResultsWe found no significant difference in the BAT activation frequency between patients with HL and those with sarcoma (P = 0.12). BAT visualization on FDG PET/CT in the HL subgroup showed a trend towards lower TMTV (P = 0.06) and TLG (P = 0.09).The logistic regression analysis did not show a significant correlation between BAT visualisation on FDG PET/CT and TMTV values.In terms of age, we found a slightly significant correlation for the whole group (P = 0.06) and for the subgroup of HL patients (P = 0.04) in logistic regression. In terms of seasons, the majority (45%) of BAT positive cases were found in autumn.ConclusionsBAT visualisation may be associated with a low HL tumour mass. Multivariate analysis revealed a correlation between BAT activation and age in paediatric patients. BAT visualisation do not differ between boys and girls.

Comparative Demography of Biliary Atresia and Choledochal Malformation in London.

Choledochal malformation (CM) and biliary atresia (BA) are the two most important bile duct pathologies arising in infancy and childhood. The aim was to investigate for evidence of shared demographic features in a common temporo-spatial area. Patients identified prospectively and defined as being born within metropolitan London in the period 1999-2022. Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) Rank Index (based on maternal post-code - England 2019) and live-birth data taken from the Office of National Statistics to assess incidence and differences assessed using the Poisson distribution and Chi2 tests. P≤0.05 was regarded as significant. 280 patients (BA n=202; CM n=78). The incidence of BA and CM in London was 7.45/100,000 (1 in 13,430) and 2.9/100,000 (i.e. 1 in 34,480) with no change over the period. The incidence of BA in Inner London was significantly higher at 9.42/100,000 (1 in 10,650) (P=0.006). Marked female predominance evident in the CM group (77% vs. 54.4%; P=0.0006) with more patients of non-white ethnicity in both groups (BA=52.4%; CM=55%, P=0.32). No difference in IMDR between BA and CM (11,557 vs. 11,594; P=0.26), with a marked difference between Inner and Outer boroughs for CM (8976 vs. 16,717; P<0.001), but less so in BA (10,384 vs. 12,891; P=0.039). IMDR was higher in those of white ethnicity for BA (11,979 vs. 10,660; P=0.03). Inner London has the highest incidence of BA than anywhere in Europe or North America. The calculated incidence of CM is higher than anticipated and the first to be based on actual observation.

Clinical, Epidemiological and Therapeutic Aspects in Elderly Congolese Diabetics

Background: The global growth in the number of elderly people is associated to the increasing of CVD and their complications. The Congolese population is predominantly young, with predominance of diabetes between 40 and 60 years of age. This study highlights the particularities of diabetes in elderly congolese diabetics. Aim of the study: To describe clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of elderly Congolese diabetics. Method: Retrospective study based on the analysis of the records of patients aged 65 and above admitted from 2010 to 2016 to Adolphe Sicé General Hospital. The studied parameters are: sociodemographic, duration of diabetes, CVRF, complications, glycaemia, HbA1c, treatment and evolution. The analysis was done by Epi info 7.2.1.0, using Student's and Chi-2 tests with p &lt; 0.05 significant. Results: A total of 2816 patients were admitted, among them 326 patients (8.64%) were aged 65 and above. 53.70% women and 46.30% men, the mean age was 72.77±5.83. Sex ratio is 0.8. Mean duration of diabetes was 5.7 years. 60.00% were known diabetics, with mean duration of 9.5 years and 40.00% were newly diagnosed. T2DM represents 98.00%. Hypertension was found in 63.50% of patients and metabolic syndrome (30%). Macro and microvascular complications: stroke (24.54%), PAD (21.00%), neuropathy (51.00%) and nephropathy (42.40%). Hyperosmolar coma represented 20.20% of acute complications, hypoglycemia (7.36%). Mean glycaemia was 3.44±1.25 g/l and HbA1c 9.94±3.54. Mortality was 8.00%. Conclusion: This study shows that diabetes in the elderly Congolese subject is not rare. Its association with CVRF is frequent, increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Study of the influence of monetary incentives in conduction of experiments

The use of monetary incentives in experiments is a subject of intense debate in academic literature, since there is no consensus regarding its suitability as a tool to encourage the participants of an experiment. Several authors consider it essential, others, however, dismiss its use. This article studies the influence that monetary incentives may or may not produce on the results provided by the participants of an experiment. To this end, an experiment was conducted with 280 university students, which involved forecasting the future value of a financial index. The experiment was comprised of two phases and was applied to two groups of people. Group 1 was formed with 124 students, to whom a monetary incentive for their participation was offered. Group 2 consisted of 156 students, although considering the difference of not offering a monetary incentive, their participation being free and voluntary. This permitted the comparison of results of both groups with the aim of establishing the degree of influence of the monetary incentive. Likewise, taking into consideration that a financial forecast based on the present value was performed, the influence of the anchoring and adjustment heuristics was measured. Results were analyzed by means of the Mann-Whitney non-parametrical test and the Chi2 test. It can be concluded that the monetary incentive does not have an impact on the participants’ responses, and the influence of the anchoring and adjustment heuristics in the forecasting of the financial index used in the study was confirmed.

Damage to doping victims of the GDR

Many former top GDR athletes are still suffering from the consequences of the GDR doping system, which has so far been dealt with by the sports historian Giselher Spitzer in particular with questionnaire surveys. The present study analyzes medical reports of n = 107 recognized GDR doping victims, categorizes the symptoms in analogy to Spitzer's survey and compares both surveys. All specialist reports, hospital and rehabilitation stay reports of the recognized doping victims (56 ♀ , 51 ♂ ) provided were reviewed, analyzed, adapted to Spitzer's previously known rubrication, presented descriptively, tabularly and graphically and statistically tested (e.g. Shapiro-Wilk, Chi² test, Spearman coefficient, Bland-Altman plot). Both in the Spitzer survey and in the current study, multiple degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system dominate. Mental illnesses follow in second place in both studies. The statistical evaluation of the damage spectrum in the comparison of the current study with Spitzer's surveys did not reveal any significant results in the median test, so that a common population could be assumed. In the correlation analysis, a significant correlation coefficient of r = 0.7 was found. However, Spitzer's data show more thyroid diseases and dermatological problems, while the current survey shows more fractures and andrological consequences of doping. It is possible that up to 12,000 people suffer from the psychological and somatic consequences of state-ordered GDR doping, some of which can be found throughout the Federal Republic. The focus is primarily on orthopaedic damage with corresponding chronic pain and, secondarily, mental disorders. This study is intended to raise awareness of the chronic suffering of the doping victim group among practitioners and clinical colleagues. The results are also intended to deter young competitive and amateur athletes from abusing doping substances in sports medical consultations.

Factors Influencing Novice and Beginner Nurses' Intention to Report Medication Errors and Near Misses.

Novice and beginner nurses make more medical errors than senior nurses. However, there is significant underreporting of medication errors and near misses among novice and beginner nurses. To identify the factors that influence the intention of novice and beginner nurses to report medication errors and near misses. A cross-sectional exploratory study was carried out among third-year nursing students in a Quebec university (n = 143). Data was collected through a self-reported questionnaire based on the adapted Theory of Planned Behavior. Simple descriptive analyses and a series of contingency analyses were performed using Chi-2 or Fisher exact tests. Correction of multiple tests was done using Bonferroni test. All theoretical constructs were significantly associated with intention. Sociodemographic factors (age, sex, experience and education program) were also associated with intention. Further studies are needed to identify the determinants of intention to report medication errors and near misses among novice and beginner nurses. More attention is required in nursing practice and education to act on these factors, thus encouraging novice and beginner nurses to report medication errors and near misses.

Cage only or cage with plate fixation in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery - analysis of a national multicenter dataset.

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) is a surgical technique that can be used to treat several conditions of the cervical spine. Small sized studies have reported differences in radiological findings between cage only and cage with plate fusion techniques but no differences in clinical outcome, hence, larger studies are needed. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of ACDF between cage only and cage with plate fixation. Retrospective study design on prospectively collected registry data. Individuals treated for cervical degenerative radiculopathy, with ACDF using either cage only or cage with plate fixation were identified in the Swedish Spine registry (Swespine). Included individuals had available baseline and 1-year postoperative data for the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for neck and arm pain. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) included were NRS for neck and arm pain, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Complications reported by clinicians and patients were also available in the Swespine registry, as well as the degree of satisfaction at the 1-year follow-up. Outcomes at the 1-year follow-up were compared between the cage only or cage with plate groups. In a secondary analysis, one or two levels of surgery was compared between the groups. The number of patients that reached the Minimum Clinically Important Difference (MCID) in improvement after treatment was calculated and compared between the groups. The Mann Whitney-U test was used for continuous variables and the Chi2 test for categorical variables. The groups included 344 individuals instrumented with cage only, and 334 receiving cage with plate fixation. NDI improvement was -14.0 points (95% CI: -12.2-[-15.8]) in the cage only group and -17.9 points (95% CI: -16.1 - [-19.8]) points in the cage with plate group (p=.007). A lower rate of hoarseness post-operatively was reported by the cage only group (OR: 0.65 [0.45-0.93], p=.026). No differences were seen in other outcomes. Clinical improvement was seen in both groups, but the improvement of NDI was better in the cage with plate group and the rate of hoarseness was lower in the cage only group.

Anxiety Decreases the Success of Misoprostol Induction

Pregnancy post term increasing the duration of waiting time for birth can cause a stress reaction in the form of anxiety. Termination of pregnancy using misoprostol in post term pregnancies is expected to result in immediate labor and end in vaginal delivery. Research analyzes the influence of anxiety experienced by pregnant women post term on the success of misoprostol induction. The research design uses prospective cohort, sampling technique consecutive sampling with a minimum sample size of 37 samples. Data collection uses questionnaires Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A). Data were analyzed univariately, followed by bivariate tests Chi Square using SPSS version 2022. The results 78.3% of pregnant women post term experiencing anxiety before giving birth, 59.5% of mothers given misoprostol gave birth vaginally.

The Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation According to Occupation and Other Employment Variables.

Background: The literature is scant on the associations between employment-related variables and suicidal ideation. Aims: The objectives were to explore these associations in the national French working population. Methods: The study relied on two independent national French surveys and their samples of 22,420 workers (employees and self-employed workers) and 25,628 employees, respectively. Employment variables included occupation, economic activity of the company, public/private sector, company size, permanent/temporary work, full/part time, seniority, and employee/self-employed worker. Suicidal ideation was assessed using one item. The associations between employment variables and suicidal ideation were studied using bi- and multivariable weighted analyses (Rao-Scott Chi-2 test and logistic regression). Gender differences were explored and covariates were taken into account. Results: The associations between employment variables and suicidal ideation were mostly not statistically significant. Some differences in suicidal ideation between occupations and economic activities were difficult to interpret due to overlaps in the confidence intervals. The prevalence of suicidal ideation increased with seniority among employees. Limitations: The study design was cross-sectional. Conclusion: The studied employment variables may have little effect on suicidal ideation. As suicidal ideation is a risk factor for suicide, more research is needed to explore the work-related risk factors for suicide and suicidal ideation.

Abnormal Menstrual Chart Patterns, Their Treatment and Fertility Outcome Among Women with Hormonal Infertility at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Background:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Infertility is a global public health issue, affecting one in six individuals at some point in their lives. Menstrual cycle patterns serve as indicators of reproductive health, and tracking these patterns is a simple, noninvasive, and cost-effective method that all women should consider. This study aimed to analyze menstrual chart patterns, associated clinical profiles, interventions and fertility changes among women with hormone-related infertility at Bugando Medical Centre. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Methods&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;: A prospective longitudinal study that involved 230 women with hormonal infertility aged 18-44 years, was carried out at Bugando Medical Centre from March 2023 to March 2024. A pretested data collection tool was used. Mothers were instructed to chart their menstrual cycle biomarkers. Basic hormonal profiles were investigated. Data analysis was done according to the objectives using STATA version 15 and Pearson’s Chi2 test or Fisher’s Exact test was used to measure the association between menstrual patterns and clinical profiles. The significance level was determined at p-value &amp;lt;0.05. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Results:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; The mean age of the participants was 32.2 ± 5.7 years. The years of infertility ranged from 1 to 20 with a median age of 4 [IQR=2–7] years. Participants with normal HbA1c conceived more than those with abnormal HbA1c; 34.7 % (41/118) versus 22.3 % (25/112), (p-value 0.037), while those with normal thyroid function 31.1% (61/196) conceived more compared to those with thyroid dysfunction 14.7% (5/34) (p-value 0.035). At the end of three months, most of them were ovulating. Among those who ovulated 28.7% conceived within three months. &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Conclusion:&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Answers to infertility are hidden within the menstrual cycle patterns. Menstrual cycle charting and lifestyle changes should be incorporated as tools in managing women with infertility.

Too Busy to Read, Too Important to Ignore: How Teachers Manage to Read Work-Related Literature in Their Day-to-Day Work

Educational policy and research demand evidence-orientation from teachers in their professional activities. However, how teachers should integrate this requirement into their everyday work remains controversial. The resources available to teachers—above all time—play a central role. Teachers are a very heterogeneous professional group that differs at least in terms of the subjects they teach. Using teacher data from PISA 2022, this study explores: (1) whether mathematics teachers differ from others in reading work-related literature, (2) whether there are distinct types of mathematics teachers based on time investment during a regular workweek, (3) how these types differ in mental health, job satisfaction, collaboration, and training needs, including the respective role of reading work-related literature, and (4) what conclusions can be drawn for education policy and practice. Data from 2516 teachers in Germany were analyzed using K-means clustering, mean comparisons, and Chi2 tests to compare mathematics teachers with other subject teachers and examine time allocation with respect to the engagement in reading work-related literature. The results highlight the importance of categorizing teachers into specific subgroups and considering various factors affecting their teaching and commitment in professional development. For mathematics teachers, the findings offer initial insights into how their time investment impacts their ability to engage with work-related literature and the unique challenges they face. This has implications for their professional development and support.

Determinants of obstetric vesicovaginal fistula surgery at the National Reference Center for Obstetric Fistula (CNRFO)

Vesicovaginal fistula is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa in general and in Niger in particular. The objective was to study the determinants of obstetric surgery of the vesicovaginal fistula. This was a cross-sectional, analytical, retro-prospective study conducted from January 2022 to February 2024. All women with obstetric vesicovaginal fistulas who had been treated were included. The search for factors associated with surgical treatment was performed by bivariate analysis using the Pearson Chi2 test at the 5% significance level. A total of 64 patients were identified, the frequency was estimated at 22.14%. The mean age was 30.09 years. Uneducated patients accounted for 71.95%; 78.12% had a low socio-economic level and for 81.3%, the age at first marriage was between 15 and 25 years old. The causal duration of labour was ≥ 72 hours in 57.8%. The surgical treatment (fistulorrhaphy) was a success for 92.18%. The causative child was stillborn in 84.4% of cases. Withdrawal was observed in 46.66%. In the bivariate analysis, the result of surgical treatment was statistically associated with the number of interventions (p = 0.007). The fistula sufferer is a young woman, uneducated, of low socio-economic status who has lost the fruit of her pregnancy and who is socially withdrawn in our study. The reconstructive surgery performed was mostly successful. The best way to eliminate obstetric fistula is to prevent it through interventions that protect women's health. Socio-professional reintegration is necessary in order to reduce the psychosocial repercussions of this pathology. Keywords: determinants, surgery, fistulas, vesico-vaginal, obstetrics, Niger.

Abstract 4136498: Analysis of Cardiovascular Events in Cancer Survivors: A Comparative Study of Solid Tumors and Hematologic Malignancies at a Tertiary Cardiovascular Center

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer represent the leading contributors of death worldwide. Although advancements in antineoplastic therapies have notably enhanced prognoses, CVD now emerges as the primary cause of mortality in this population. Ojective: To assess the occurrence of CVD in cancer survivors and investigate disparities based on their previous cancer diagnosis, categorized into solid tumors or hematological malignancies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including adult oncology survivors who had previously undergone oncological treatment and were referred to our center between 2010 and 2023 due to the presentation of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). They were categorized into two groups: those with hematological cancer and those with solid tumors. We used Chi2 test to assess differences between categorical variables and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test to evaluate differences in continuous parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using R 4.0 and StataMP 14.1. Results: A total of 214 oncological patients were included (median age: 69 [IQR: 55-80], women: 53%), comprising 164 (76.6%) with solid tumors and 50 (23.4%) with hematological cancer. Baseline characteristics were mostly similar between the groups (Table 1), with diabetes being more prevalent in patients with solid tumors (26% vs 12%, p=0.036). The prevalence of heart failure was predominantly NYHA I and II in solid tumors and NYHA III in hematological cancer (p=0.002) (Table 2). The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) was the most common MACE in solid tumors (39% vs 34%), but this was not statistically significant (p=0.04). In hematological cancer, the most frequent MACE was myocardial dysfunction, showing a significant difference (46% vs 24%, p=0.002). Similarly, valvular heart disease (VHD) appeared more frequently in this group (38% vs 20%, p=0.01). The remaining MACEs did not show significant differences, nor did the count of MACEs upon hospital arrival. Conclusion: Myocardial dysfunction and VHD exhibited a higher incidence in hematological cancer compared to solid tumors. Conversely, the incidence of CAD was higher in the solid tumor group; however, similar to the occurrence of other MACEs, there was no significant difference between the two groups. These findings could emphasize the importance of closely monitoring specific cancer types to enhance prevention strategies but still need further analysis to also determine the exact etiologies.

COVID-19 Concerns and Resources Allocation on Smallholder Rice Farms in Cote D’ivoire

Covid-19 has caused a great deal of concern among the population, particularly in rural areas. Smallholder farmers have reacted in various ways to these concerns and to the psychological stress associated with the spread of the virus. This study analyzes the correlation between producers’ concerns about COVID-19 and productive resource allocation decisions on smallholder rice farms in Côte d’Ivoire. Using cross-sectional data obtained from 1359 households in the Poro, Tchologo and Tonkpi regions through a stratified random sampling technique where each village was considered a stratum, the study uses descriptive statistics, chi-2 tests and Pearson correlation tests to achieve the objectives. The results indicate that producers’ concerns are related to family, travel, finances and product availability. These concerns vary from region to region. In addition, the results indicate that concerns about COVID-19 led producers to reduce inputs used on the plots and to increase labor for cultivation activities. The study makes several recommendations, including the psychological consideration of small-scale producers in rural areas and the effective subsidization of inputs during health crises to avoid food insecurity problems.

Dietary supplement consumption and associated factors among Algerian population residing in Tebessa: Cross-sectional survey

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of dietary supplement consumption among Algerians in Tebessa. Materials and methodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out over two months. The study included 216 Algerian men and women selected via simple random sampling. Approximately half of the participants were under 27 years old, with a mean age of 30 years. Variables assessed included the use of dietary supplements, reasons for consumption, frequency of use, types of supplements used, sources of purchase, and sources of advice regarding consumption. Continuous and categorical variables were compared using the Mann–Whitney test and Chi2 test, respectively. Logistic regression was employed to examine associations between dietary supplement consumption and explanatory variables, including socioeconomic factors. ResultsThe prevalence of dietary supplement use was 88.4%. The most common reasons cited for consumption were muscle mass enhancement and fatigue reduction. Vitamins were the most frequently used supplements, followed by trace elements. Consumption patterns were significantly associated with socioeconomic factors. ConclusionsA large part of the population has consumed food supplements for different reasons. This consumption could be beneficial for their health. Therefore, information-based on scientific evidence is important to prevent inappropriate use of dietary supplements by consumers. This study could serve as the foundation for a nationwide multicenter study to gain a better understanding of dietary supplement use among Algerians.