Chest Circumference Research Articles

Impact of Supplementation of Different Levels of Rumen Protected Fat on Productive Performance, Lipid Profile and Hot Carcass Characteristics in Fattening Sheep

The present study was aimed at establishing an association between productive performance, lipid profile, and hot carcass quality in fattening sheep supplemented with different levels of rumen protected fat (RPF). Twenty-four adult ewes of 8 - 12 months of age were randomly divided into three groups with eight animals in each; one without supplementation (CSFA0); two supplementation groups (CSFA3 and CSFA5) that were supplemented with 3% and 5% additional RPF in the form of calcium salts of long chain fatty acids (CSFAs), respectively on dry matter intake (DMI). Productive performances and the blood lipid profile were evaluated at fortnightly intervals, and at the end of 60 days, animals were slaughtered and hot carcass characteristics were recorded. Body condition score (BCS) was higher (P<0.05) in CSFA3 and CSFA5 sheep fed with 3% and 5% additional fat by 34.17% and 37.40%, respectively than CSFA0. The average daily gain (ADG) was higher (P<0.05) in sheep fed with CSFAs by 1.51-1.65-fold and enhanced live body weight (LBW) in the CSFA3 and CSFA5 groups by 11.36% and 14.48%, respectively. Plasma HDL and LDL concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in CSFA3 and CSFA5 sheep supplemented with additional RPF. Inclusion of CSFAs in the diet increased (P<0.05) fatness score of hot carcasses in CSFA3 and CSFA5 by 26.19% and 59.52%, respectively. Hot carcass weight (HCW), separable fat, neck, shoulder, flank and breast weights, and carcass compact index (CCI) were higher (P<0.05) in supplementation groups, which increased the dressing percentage (DP) by 3.21% to 3.68%. The BCS, LBW, slaughter weight, separable fat, fore and hind saddle weights were positively (P<0.01) associated with the HCW. Further, HCW, shoulder, and chest circumferences showed a positive (P<0.01) correlation with CCI and DP. The results of the current study concluded that supplementation of 3% and 5% CSFAs improved BCS, ADG, and LBW which enhanced the hot carcass characteristics and quality with an extra DP of 3.21 to 3.68%. However, we were unable to discern a discernible change in productive performance and hot carcass features between 3% and 5% administration of CSFAs. Therefore, inclusion of a 7% (basal diet 4% + 3% supplementation) source of lipids or fat on DMI is preferred for maximizing the desired productive performance and hot carcass quality in fattening sheep.

Differences in Labor Outcomes for Mothers with Regular and Irregular Antenatal Care (ANC)

The occurrence of labor complications can be prevented by carrying out treatments such as carrying out antenatal care (ANC) during pregnancy. The study was conducted to determine the differences in birth outcomes between Regular and Irregular antenatal care (ANC). This was an analytical observational study using a prospective cohort approach involving 44 pregnant women, who were recruited between January and April 2022 at the Barana Health Center, Jeneponto Regency. The research instrument used was the observation sheet. Data analysis used analytical test (Mann-Whitney and unpaired T test). There was a significant difference between regular and irregular ANC with length of stage I (multipara and grande multipara) p-value=0,040, baby's birth weight (p-value=0,047), baby's body length (p-value=0,009), and baby's chest circumference (p-value=0,009) (p-value<0,05). Whereas in regular and irregular ANC with the length of the first stage (primipara) (p-value=0,958) and the newborn head circumference (value=0,141) illustrates that there was no significant difference (p-value>0,05). Pregnant women with regular ANC tend to have birth outcomes with a longer first stage (multipara and grande multipara), weight, body length, and chest circumference of normal newborns compared to pregnant women with irregular ANC.

Association Analysis of PRKAA2 and MSMB Polymorphisms and Growth Traits of Xiangsu Hybrid Pigs.

In this study, Xiangsu hybrid pig growth traits were evaluated via PRKAA2 and MSMB as candidate genes. Sanger sequencing revealed three mutation sites in PRKAA2, namely, g.42101G>T, g.60146A>T, and g.61455G>A, and all these sites were intronic mutations. Moreover, six mutation sites were identified in MSMB: intronic g.4374G>T, exonic g.4564T>C, exonic g.6378G>A, exonic g.6386C>T, intronic g.8643G>A, and intronic g.8857A>G. Association analysis revealed that g.42101G>T, g.60146A>T, g.61455G>A, g.4374G>T, g.4564T>C, g.6378G>A, g.6386C>T, g.8643G>A, and g.8857A>G showed different relationship patterns among body weight, body length, body height, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, tube circumference, and chest depth. Real-time polymerase chain reaction results revealed that the expression of PRKAA2 was highest in the longissimus dorsi muscle, followed by that in the heart, kidney, liver, lung, and spleen. The expression of MSMB was highest in the spleen, followed by that in the liver, kidney, lung, heart, and longissimus dorsi muscle. These results suggest that PRKAA2 and MSMB can be used in marker-assisted selection to improve growth related traits in Xiangsu hybrid pigs, providing new candidate genes for Pig molecular breeding.

Isparta İlinde Yetiştirici Koşullarındaki Kıl Keçilerinin Morfolojik Özellikleri

In this study, the morphological body characteristics of hair goats bred in Isparta province, such as withers height, back height, rump height, chest width and body length, were investigated. The animal material of the study consisted of 45 hair goats in 3 farms in total, in lowland conditions, high pasture and highland conditions in the center of Isparta. In the examinations, it was found that the measurements of the males were longer than the measurements of the females in terms of withers, back and rump height, chest circumference and body length, respectively. While the difference was found to be significant in terms of withers height, back height, rump height, and body length (p

Study of head and chest growth and their equalization in Churachandpur, Manipur during the first year of life

Background: The study of head and chest circumferences and the subsequent age at equalization, when studying infant growth, played a vital role in a community as it helps in identifying those who are susceptible to nutritional issues. Keeping in view the importance, a journey was embarked upon with the object of finding out the growth of head and chest circumferences as well as their age of equalization among the tribal infants in Churachandpur, Manipur.Methods: Using longitudinal setting, infants taken into account were full term born and measurements were recorded within 24 hours of birth from maternity clinics and hospitals in Churachandpur. The growth pattern of head and chest circumferences were measured independently from birth till the child attained 1 year of age at monthly interval following standard techniques given by Weiner and Lourie by using a narrow, flexible, non-stretch steel tape calibrated in centimetres.Results: Observation of earlier equalization of head and chest circumferences is recorded among the tribal group studied. After the observation of equalization, chest circumference remains larger than head circumference in both sexes throughout the first year of life, which signifies a good growth among the infant group studied.Conclusions: It can be recommended from the present study the use of head and chest circumference for identifying vulnerable infant/children from their nutritional standpoint in any kind of settings as it is easily accessible and cost effective. The present study shows a positive secular trend when compared with other available literatures.

Regional variation in growth status: A cross-sectional survey among Tibetan adolescents living at three different high altitudes in Tibet, China.

To explore the regional and age variation in growth status and age-by-site interaction effect on the growth status among Chinese Tibetan adolescents at different altitudes in Tibet, China. The research was conducted in three regions of Tibet, China: Nyingchi (average altitude 3100 m), Lhasa (average altitude 3650 m), and Nagqu (average altitude 4500 m). A total of 3817 Chinese Tibetan adolescents aged 12-18 years were tested for height, weight, chest circumference, and waist circumference. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the growth status of Chinese Tibetan adolescents. Two-way ANOVA was used to explore the age-by-site interaction effect on the growth status of Chinese Tibetan adolescents. The height, weight, and chest circumference of Chinese Tibetan adolescents in Nagqu are the lowest among the three cities. Age and site have an interaction effect influence on the growth status of Chinese Tibetan adolescents (p < .01). The growth indicators (height, weight, chest circumference, WC) of Chinese Tibetan adolescents differed with altitudes. Policies to improve the growth status of Chinese Tibetan adolescents in Nagqu are urgently needed.

Breeding characteristics of Romanov sheep depending on polymorphism of growth hormone gene

The search for new markers of high productivity of sheep and the introduction of evaluation and selection methods for these indicators is an urgent direction in breeding of Russian sheep. The material for the research was the results of assessment of exterior, live weight of Romanov sheep. Genetic studies were carried out using tissue samples (ear plucking). Polymorphism of growth hormone gene in Romanov sheep was evaluated by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and polymerase chain reaction. Evaluation of polymorphism of growth hormone gene in the population of Romanov sheep showed the presence of three allelic variants - AA, AB and BB, with a frequency of 0.24, 0.63 and 0.14, respectively. The statistically significant difference between the indicators of live weight in animals with genotypes GHAB and GHAA, GHAB and GHBB was: at birth 210 g and 140 g (P 0.95), respectively; at weaning 350 g and 1260 g (P 0.95), respectively. The phenotypic variability of live weight was the highest at birth and at weaning and amounted to 31.732.5 % for all genotypes. Animals with genotypes GHAA and GHAB outperformed their peers with genotype GHBB in dimensions of rump width in tuber coxae, rump width in tuber trochanterica, chest width, chest circumference, and therefore, had a wide body. When studying the phenotypic and genetic correlations of measurements of exterior and live weight at the age of 12 months, a reliable positive relationship was established with height at withers height (rP = +0.13*; rG = +0.02), rump height (rP = +0.14**; rG = +0.03), rump length (rP = +0.14**; rG = +0.02). The new knowledge gained about polymorphism of GH gene and its relationship with productive traits of Romanov sheep will allow for in-depth evaluation, targeted selection and selection of individuals with desirable genotypes.

Analysis of somatometric parameters of children with recurrent subluxations of C1–C2 vertebrae

Introduction. The problem of instability in the cervical spine in children has been repeatedly discussed in the medical literature and has become the subject of discussion. This is due to a significant increase in the number and recurrence of subluxations in the C1–C2 segment. An assumption is made about the relationship of this pathology with systemic connective tissue dysplasia, but evidence-based studies are required.Aim. To make a statistical analysis of individual somatometric indicators in children with recurrent subluxations of the C1–C2 vertebrae and signs of connective tissue dysplasia.Materials and methods. The analysis of measurements of selected body parameters in pre-pubertal children with acute and recurrent torticollis against the background of systemic connective tissue dysplasia was carried out. The data of 186 children aged 9–11 years in comparative groups for the period 2016–2021 were studied. Modern methods of statistics were used.Results. Dependences were obtained confirming the hypothesis of the relationship between asthenic physique (high height, low weight and chest circumference) and recurrent dislocations in the C1–C2 segmentConclusions. When comparing the average values for two independent samples made up of the indicators of the main group and the comparison group, the conclusion obtained during visual examination and somatometric examination of patients diagnosed with torticollis at admission to the hospital was confirmed: relapses are inherent in children with high growth, low weight, smaller chest circumference and smaller wrist circumference.

Analysis of the dynamics of physical development of cadets as a result of the application of crossfit equipment

Purpose: to investigate the impact of classes in the program of physical training of cadets of military institutions of higher education at the stage of primary training with the use of crossfit tools on the physical development of cadets. Material &amp; Methods: was organized and conducted. anthropometric study and calculation of indices of physical development of cadets. The study was conducted in the sanitary section of the National Academy of Ground Forces named after Hetman Petro Sahaidachny by medical personnel 30 minutes after the ascent. Results: it was determined that conducting training sessions using crossfit equipment has a positive effect on strengthening the musculoskeletal system of cadets and improving their muscular system (especially the muscles of the back, legs and shoulder girdle). During the study of body weight, there were positive changes in the direction of weight reduction by 3.62 kg (t=2.52; p&lt;0.05) at the end of the experiment; the average value of VL in EG improved compared to the initial data by 245.48 ml (p&lt;0.001), and in EC – by 78.22 ml (p&lt;0.05); the difference between the dynamometry indicators of the left and right hand of the EG at the first and fifth stages of the study was 3.18 kgc and had positive significant changes (t=3.18; p&lt;0.01), the difference between the dynamometry indicators of the left and right hand of the CG was 2.19 kgf and had positive unreliable changes (t=1.85; p&gt;0.05). As a result of the pedagogical experiment, it was determined that the dynamometry indicators of the right and left hands of EG and CG cadets at the end of the experiment differ significantly (p&lt;0.01), which indicates the effectiveness of the physical training program. The chest circumference of the cadets at the beginning and at the end of the experiment has reliably stable results and is only 2.04 cm (p&gt;0.05) and are reliable. As for the Quetelet index, there were positive changes towards improvement, namely: at the beginning of the experiment it was 4.85 g/cm (t=0.69; p&gt;0.05), at the end – 25.80 g/cm (t=4.09; p&lt;0.001), which emphasizes the positive impact of exercise and crossfit. Conclusions: it has been proven that the application of a physical training program at the stage of primary training with the use of crossfit equipment ensures the positive development and strengthening of the musculoskeletal system of cadets, the improvement of their muscular system. Under the influence of systematic crossfit classes, the VL increases, the circumferences of the chest and shoulders increase, the volume of the waist decreases, and body weight stabilizes. These circumstances have a positive effect on the work capacity of cadets, improve their physical health, improve their well-being and increase their work efficiency.

Morphometric characterization and genetic distance in bitches (oryctolagus cuniculus) in several regions in Indonesia

Rabbits are a group of animals that are very popular and enjoyed by the community. Rabbits, in general, have the high biological and economic potential to produce quality meat, skin, and hair, as well as pets (ornamental) and modern business farming. Rabbits are well known in Indonesia and developed mostly for farming. This literature study discusses morphometric characteristics and genetic distances among rabbits. The parameters used were head length (PK), head width (LK), ear length (PTL), ear width (LTL), chest circumference (LKD), chest width (LD), humerus bone length (PH), radius-ulna bone length (PRU), tibial bone length (PT), and body length (PB). The results of body variables measurement in FG rabbits had a higher mean for body size, including PK (12.64 cm), PTL (13.59 cm), LTL (6.47 cm), PH (9.52 cm), PRU (8, 95 cm), and PB (41.97 cm) compared to other families. Genetic distance shows that it has a close genetic distance (0.63106), while the farthest genetic distance is found between Rexb rabbits and ES rabbits, which is 6.96749. The genetic distances and tree phenogram construction are useful for estimating kinship between Rabbits clumps.

Some Morphologic Characteristics of Central Anatolian Merino Sheep

This study aimed to investigate the body weight and some body measurements in Central Anatolian Merino sheep regarding ages and to carry out a comparative analysis between them. The study included a total of 60 animals aged 2, 3 and 4 years. The sheep were fed daily with hay, vetch, alfalfa and limited amount of concentrated feed (400 g head-1) until the pasture period, and pasture grass and mixed grass-clover hay during the pasture period. The live weights of the sheep of different ages in the farms were measured with a digital scale, and some body size were measured using a measuring tape and a measuring stick. When the live weight and chest circumference values of the 4-year-old sheep were compared with the data obtained in the other age groups (2 and 3 years old), and it was statistically significant, chest width and rump height values were found to be similar to those in the 3-age group. There were significant correlations between live weight and chest circumference, between withers height and rump height and significant correlations between live weight and chest width, body length with rump height, chest width with chest depth. In addition, significant correlations were found between live weight and chest depth, and between withers height, body length, and chest depth. Present findings revealed that the Central Anatolian Merino sheep can be beneficial in the development of meat-type sheep breeding.

The body weight heritability and the effect of non-genetic factors on the body measurement traits in Qinchuan cattle

This study aimed to understand the influence of the non-genetic factors that include breeding year, season, and sex of growth and development traits of Qinchuan cattle and to estimate the heritability of body weight at different growth stages. The Qinchuan cattle measurement records were by the Experiment farm of the National Beef Cattle Improvement Center (Yangling, China) from 2000 to 2017. SPSS and R software were used to analyze the influence of non-genetic factors on body size traits that include body weight (BW), withers height (WH), hip height (HH), body length (BL), chest circumference (CC), abdominal girth (AG), and calf girth (CG), at birth, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Meanwhile, the single-trait animal model of DMU software was used to estimate the variance component and the heritability of body weight. The results of GLM analysis showed as follows: sex, birth year, and birth season had effects on the body size traits of Qinchuan cattle at different growth stages. Respectively, the heritability of body weight at birth, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age were 0.43, 0.32, 0.37, 0.32, and 0.38.

Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tube-Predicting Insertion Depth and Tube Size Based on Patient's Chest X-ray Image Data and 4 Other Body Parameters.

In thoracic surgery, the double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) is used for differential ventilation of the lung. DLT allows lung collapse on the surgical side that requires access to the thoracic and mediastinal areas. DLT placement for a given patient depends on two settings: a tube of the correct size (or 'size') and to the correct insertion depth (or 'depth'). Incorrect DLT placements cause oxygen desaturation or carbon dioxide retention in the patient, with possible surgical failure. No guideline on these settings is currently available for anesthesiologists, except for the aid by bronchoscopy. In this study, we aimed to predict DLT 'depths' and 'sizes' applied earlier on a group of patients (n = 231) using a computer modeling approach. First, for these patients we retrospectively determined the correlation coefficient (r) of each of the 17 body parameters against 'depth' and 'size'. Those parameters having r &gt; 0.5 and that could be easily obtained or measured were selected. They were, for both DLT settings: (a) sex, (b) height, (c) tracheal diameter (measured from X-ray), and (d) weight. For 'size', a fifth parameter, (e) chest circumference was added. Based on these four or five parameters, we modeled the clinical DLT settings using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). After excluding statistical outliers (±2 SD), 83.5% of the subjects were left for 'depth' in the modeling, and similarly 85.3% for 'size'. SVM predicted 'depths' matched with their clinical values at a r of 0.91, and for 'sizes', at an r of 0.82. The less satisfactory result on 'size' prediction was likely due to the small target choices (n = 4) and the uneven data distribution. Furthermore, SVM outperformed other common models, such as linear regression. In conclusion, this first model for predicting the two DLT key settings gave satisfactory results. Findings would help anesthesiologists in applying DLT procedures more confidently in an evidence-based way.

Association between body image dissatisfaction and body anthropometric indices among Chinese children and adolescents at different developmental stages.

Children at different developmental stages show different physical development and psychological cognitive characteristics and may pay different attention to body parts. The purpose of this study was to analyze the associations between body image dissatisfaction (BID) and body anthropometric indices (BAIs) among Chinese children and adolescents at different developmental stages. A total of 609 Chinese primary and secondary school students aged 8-15 years (329 boys and 280 girls) were selected using stratified cluster sampling. The students' body height, sitting height (SH), weight, chest circumference (CC), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), scapular skinfold thickness (SST), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), and abdominal skinfold thickness (AST) were measured. Boys' testicular volumes and first spermatorrhea and girls' breast measures and menarche were assessed using the Tanner stage standard. A body shape questionnaire (BSQ) was used to survey the subject's BID. In boys with testicular volume < 4 ml, the hip-to-height ratio (HHR) was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 8.17, P < 0.01). In boys with testicular volume ≥4 ml and nonfirst spermatorrhea, the HHR and SST were positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 2.51, P = 0.04; β = 4.98, P < 0.01). In boys with first spermatorrhea, weight was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 10.30, P < 0.01). In girls with breast development < Tanner stage II, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 5.12, P < 0.01); In girls with breast development ≥ Tanner stage II and nonmenarche, chest-to-sitting height ratio (CSHR) was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 10.82, P < 0.01), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was negatively correlated with BSQ score (β = -3.61, P = 0.04). In girls with menarche, WHtR and sitting height-to-height ratio (SHHR) were positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 6.09, P < 0.01; β = 2.05, P = 0.02). The associations between body image dissatisfaction and anthropometric indices among Chinese children and adolescents at different developmental stages are different.

Effects of CrossFit training program and traditional gym training on morphological characteristics of men

CrossFit is recognized as one of the fastest-growing high-intensity functional training modes in the world. The study aimed to compare the effects of the CrossFit training program and traditional gym training on anthropometric measurements in healthy, active men. The study sample consisted of 50 participants who were divided into two groups, 22 participants who practiced the CrossFit training program (CFT group; 28.64±2.04 years; body height 181.74±6.96 cm; body mass: 72.75±5.53 kg), and 28 participants who applied traditional gym training (GT group; 26.89±2.99 years; body height: 184.52±7.80 cm; body mass: 74.86±8.48 kg). A total of ten anthropometric measurements (Body height, Body mass, BMI, Subscapular, Abdominal and Triceps skinfolds, Chest, Forearm, Upper arm, and Thigh circumferences) were monitored before and after twelve weeks. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the normality of distribution. The multivariate analysis covariance (MANCOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. The results of this study indicated that there were statistically significant differences between groups in the Circumference of the upper arm (p=0.02), Thigh circumference (p=0.00), Chest circumference (p=0.03), and Subscapular skinfold (p=0.00). The findings of this study demonstrated that healthy, active males who participated in the 12-week CrossFit training program improved their anthropometric measurements more than those who trained in the traditional gym training.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi untuk Estimasi Bobot Daging Sapi Berbasis Android

Calculation of the weight of an animal is very important because in the body of an animal there are many things that can be utilized, one of which is cattle. Therefore, beef cattle weigh the cattle in order to estimate the weight of the beef using a conventional method. However, this use is considered inefficient because the number of scales is very limited and it is not easy to carry around. Therefore, for the process of estimating the body weight of the cattle, it is very important for livestock owners to know the body weight of the cattle. Information System for Estimating Beef Weight Based on Android is designed on Android operating system with minimum API 22 (Lollipop) and target API 26 or 27 (Oreo). For testing the application will be carried out on Asus Zenfone 2 with the Marshmallow version of the Android operating system (API 23). In this case the method used is the Indonesian Winter Formula, namely by measuring the chest circumference and body length. Based on the test results on the design of information systems for estimating the weight of beef based on Android, it can be identified and can be concluded as follows; based on the results of testing and measurements on 5 (five) cows showing an accuracy value of up to 98.75%, and the results of measuring the body weight of the cow depend on the calculation of the length and chest circumference of the cow where the process will greatly affect the calculation results.

Effects of Genetic Variation of the Sorting Nexin 29 (SNX29) Gene on Growth Traits of Xiangdong Black Goat.

Previous studies have found that the copy number variation (CNV) and insertion/deletion (indels) located in the sorting nexin 29 (SNX29) gene, which is an important candidate gene related to meat production and quality, are associated with growth traits of African goats and Shaanbei white cashmere goats. However, the genetic effects of SNX29 genetic variation on growth traits of Xiangdong black (XDB) goat (a representative meat goat breed in China) are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to detect the mRNA expression level of SNX29 and to explore the genetic effects of CNV and indel within SNX29 on growth traits and gene expression in XDB goat. The SNX29 mRNA expression profile showed that the SNX29 was highly expressed in adipose tissues, indicating that the SNX29 gene could play a key role in subcutaneous adipose deposition of XDB goat. 17 bp indel (g.10559298-10559314), 21 bp indel (g.10918982-10919002) and CNV were detected in 516 individuals of XDB goat by PCR or qPCR. The association analysis of SNX29 CNV with growth traits in XDB goats showed that SNX29 CNV was significantly correlated with chest circumference and abdominal circumference (p &lt; 0.01), and the normal type of SNX29 CNV goat individuals were more advantageous. For the mRNA expression of SNX29 gene, individuals with SNX29 copy number normal type had a higher trend than that of SNX29 gene with copy number gain type in longissimus dorsi muscle (p = 0.07), whereas individuals with SNX29 copy number gain type had a higher trend in abdominal adipose (p = 0.09). Overall, these results suggested that the SNX29 gene could play an important role in growth and development of XDB goats and could be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in XDB goats.

Correlation between Anthropometric and Ultrasound Measurement for Dry Needling of the Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle with a Safety Protocol: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

the management of musculoskeletal pain through the application of dry needling (DN) is effective. The application of this technique can carry very infrequent major risks on muscles, such as on the iliocostalis lumborum due to its proximity to the kidney and the peritoneum. It is important to establish a DN protocol based on the different anthropometric variables of the subjects. the main objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between different anthropometric variables and the skin-kidney and skin-peritoneum distances to establish the size of the needle that could perform DN in the iliocostalis lumborum muscle without risk. a cross-sectional observational study was conducted. a total of 68 healthy subjects were evaluated. Demographic and anthropometric data, such as age, gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), chest (xiphoid process and axilla) and abdomen circumferences, and skinfold thickness were collected. The measurements of skin-upper and lower edge of the iliocostalis lumborum muscle and the skin-peritoneum and/or kidney in the regions of L2 and L4, and on both sides, were assessed using ultrasound imaging. a multiple linear regression analysis was performed, confirming that, in L2 without compression, gender significantly predicted the distance, with the distance being greater in women than in men. The measurement without compression increased with age up to 50 years, and it also increased with higher measurements for the chest-triceps, iliac crest, and thigh skinfold thickness, and decreased with higher measurement for the abdominal circumference. It was verified that the measurement with compression in L2 decreased as the neutral axillary circumference and the skinfold thickness in the abdomen-iliac crest increased, while the distance increased with larger measurements obtained in the neutral abdominal circumference and in the skinfold thickness of the chest-triceps. It was also verified that the measurement with compression in L4 increased up to a body mass index of 25 and then decreased even if the index increased further, and it decreased as the skinfold thickness in the abdomen-iliac crest decreased and increased as the measurements of the neutral abdominal circumference and the skinfold thickness in the chest-triceps increased. In L4 without compression, the gender variable significantly predicted changes in the measurement, with women tending to have a smaller distance compared to men. the measurements of the neutral abdominal circumference, chest-triceps, and abdomen-iliac crest skinfold thickness could help clinicians predict the skin-kidney and skin-peritoneum distances for dry needling of the iliocostalis lumborum with the methodology described.

Local Standards for Anthropometric Measurements in Children and Adolescents of Magadan: Report 1

Background: The recent expansion of scientific knowledge of child development under effect of man-made environmental changes is of great importance for monitoring health of the younger generation and elaborating the theory of adaptation in terms of ontogenesis. Objective: To develop regional standards for the main anthropometric parameters used to assess growth and physical devel- opment of children and adolescents in the city of Magadan. Materials and methods: We analyzed data on 4,660 schoolchildren (2,295 boys and 2,365 girls) aged 8–17 years collected in 2009–2019. The main anthropometric measurements, including body height, weight, and chest circumference, were taken to estimate reference centile row variables. Results: We created centile tables based on the results of measuring body height, weight, and chest circumference in the study population and established that in local boys, all findings were above the upper limit of the national averages (i.e., the range of 25th to 75th percentiles) while in girls, the same was true only for body weight and chest circumference. The maximum difference between body measurements and the respective upper limits was observed in the adolescents. Distribution of an- thropometric parameters of the schoolchildren by the regional standard centile rows indicates compliance with the average body height and weight in 50.0 % and 50.1 % and with chest circumference – in 49.0 % of the children, while deviations, less than the 3rd and equal to and more than the 97th percentile, occurred in 2.0 % to 5.5 % of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: It is important to continue developing up-to-date regional child growth standards in the city of Magadan and to introduce them into the practice of preventive health screening.

PERFORMANS PEDET SAPI ACEH HASIL KAWIN ALAM DENGAN INSEMINASI BUATAN (IB) DI BPTU-HPT INDRAPURI

This researched aims to compared the birth performance of Aceh cattle resulted natural mating and artificial insemination mating at BPTU-HPT Indrapuri. The Aceh calves used in this study amounted to 14 calves. This research uses quantitative methods and the data obtained by t test. The parameters measured from the performance of Aceh cattle calves are: shoulder height (cm), body length (cm), and chest shoulder height (cm). The average value of the shoulder measurement of natural mating calves is 55.50 cm while the results of artificial insemination mating is 59.71 cm, the average body length of natural mated calves is 48.79 cm while the results of artificial insemination mating is 54.29 and the average chest circumference is the calves. natural mating 54.21 cm while the result of artificial insemination mating 58.14 cm. Based on the average value and the results of statistical tests, the birth performance of Aceh cattle with natural mating and artificial insemination mating showed a significant difference (P0.05) where the birth performance of artificial insemination mating better than that of natural mating.Keywords : Shoulder height, body length, chest circumference, calves, Aceh cattle, natural mating, artificial insemination (IB)