Chemical Oxidation Process Research Articles

Sulfamethoxazole degradation by alpha-MnO2/periodate oxidative system: Role of MnO2 crystalline and reactive oxygen species.

Pollutant degradation via periodate ([Formula: see text]) and transitional metal oxides provides an economical, energy-efficient way for chemical oxidation process in environmental remediation. However, catalytic activation of periodate by manganese dioxide and the associated mechanism were barely investigated. In this study, four MnO2 polymorphs (α-, β-, γ- and δ-MnO2) were synthesized and tested to activate [Formula: see text] for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The reactivity of different MnO2 structures followed the order of α-MnO2 > β-MnO2 > γ-MnO2 > δ-MnO2, suggesting that the particular crystalline structure in α-MnO2 would exhibit higher activities via [Formula: see text] activation. Herein, in α-MnO2/[Formula: see text] system, 91.1% of SMX was eliminated within 30min with degradation rate constant of 0.0649min-1, and the neutral pH exhibited higher efficiency in SMX degradation compared with acidic and alkaline conditions. Singlet oxygen (1O2) was unveiled to be the dominant ROS according to the results of electron paramagnetic resonance, chemical probes and radical quenching experiments, whereas [Formula: see text] and •OH were mainly acted as a free-radical precursor. Six oxidation products were identified by LC-MS, and the elimination of sulfonamide bond, hydroxylation and direct oxidation were found to be the important oxidation pathways. The study dedicates to the mechanistic study into periodate activation over alpha-MnO2 and provides a novel catalytic activation for selective removal in aqueous contaminants.

Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide via chemical looping

Selective oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide over platinum-group metal alloy gauzes is the crucial step for nitric acid production, a century-old yet greenhouse gas and capital intensive process. Therefore, developing alternative ammonia oxidation technologies with low environmental impacts and reduced catalyst cost are of significant importance. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a chemical looping ammonia oxidation catalyst and process to replace the costly noble metal catalysts and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. The proposed process exhibit near complete NH3 conversion and exceptional NO selectivity with negligible N2O production, using nonprecious V2O5 redox catalyst at 650 oC. Operando spectroscopy techniques and density functional theory calculations point towards a modified, temporally separated Mars-van Krevelen mechanism featuring a reversible V5+/V4+ redox cycle. The V = O sites are suggested to be the catalytically active center leading to the formation of the oxidation products. Meanwhile, both V = O and doubly coordinated oxygen participate in the hydrogen transfer process. The outstanding performance originates from the low activation energies for the successive hydrogen abstraction, facile NO formation as well as the easy regeneration of V = O species. Our results highlight a transformational process in extending the chemical looping strategy to producing base chemicals in a sustainable and cost-effective manner.

Simultaneous aerobic-anaerobic biodegradation of an industrial effluent of polymeric resins with high phenol concentration at different organic loading rates in a non-conventional UASB type reactor

The presence of phenol in the environment is a consequence of both natural actions and anthropogenic contributions, mainly of an agricultural and industrial nature. Its concentration in wastewater ranges from 0.1 to 3,900 mg/L and in some cases from 30,000 to 80,000 mg/L. Among the technologies used for its elimination, are the physicochemical, biological, adsorption, and chemical oxidation processes. For its recovery, there is adsorption, ion exchange, extraction, volatilization, polymerization, electrocoagulation, advanced oxidation and ion exchange. In this research, a new configuration Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor (UASB) was studied to biodegrade the phenol present in an industrial effluent of polymeric resins by varying the organic load rate in 3.2 ± 0.6, 13.9 ± 0.8, 33.5 ± 1.1 and 34.6 ± 0.9 kg COD/m3.d, at two rates of Dissolved Oxygen (DO): 0.78 ± 0.18 mg/L (experiments 1–3) and 1.23 ± 0.02 mg/L (experiment 4), with a Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 0.5 days at 30 ± 0.5 °C. The results showed the best Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal rate and phenol biodegradation (64 and 74%, respectively) at a lower organic load (experiment 1). With a gradual increase in this, during experiments 2 and 3, it decreased by 55.6 and 17%, respectively. However, by increasing the dissolved oxygen rate to 1.23 ± 0.02 mg/L during experiment 4, the phenol biodegradation rate was slightly improved, but not the COD removal rate.

Structure and thermoelectric behavior of polyaniline-based/ CNT-composite

Thermoelectric materials have the capability of harvesting and converting the heat wasted into useful electrical current. Polymer thermoelectric composites have recently received attention and experienced a rapid development because of their low density, versatility, ease of synthesis and processing and low thermal conductivity. Herein, we report on synthesis and characterization of pristine polyaniline and polyaniline/carbon nanotubes network nanocomposite. In the preparation, aniline was polymerized via a facile chemical oxidative polymerization process, in which 30 wt% multiwall carbon nanotubes were in situ incorporated. Both pristine polyaniline and its composite were examined by XRD. For their thermoelectric performance, Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were characterized using a home-built setup operated by keithley Multimeter (Model:2000). The fabricated composite exhibited superior increase in Seebeck coefficient and power factor to reach 141 μV/K and 0.004 μW/mK2, respectively at 95 °C. The corresponding I–V curves were further measured. The current was found to increase substantially to reach 2.2 mA at 1 V; almost one order of magnitude higher when compared to that of the pristine polyaniline sample.

Chemical remediationandadvanced oxidation process of polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soils: a review.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic organic compounds ubiquitously distributed worldwide due to their persistence, long-range atmospheric transport, and bioaccumulation. Owing to teratogenic properties, PCBs are a global environmental problem. Different physical, biological, and chemical techniques are utilized for the remediation of PCBs. This review paper discusses the recent development in photocatalytic and chemical techniques for the remediation of PCBs in contaminated soils. In particular, the photocatalytic degradation of PCBs combined with soil washing, Fe-based reductive dichlorination, and advanced oxidation process (Fenton advance oxidation and persulfate oxidation) is discussed and reviewed in detail. The review suggested that advanced oxidation is an efficient remediation technique with 77-99% of removal efficiency of PCBs. Persulfate oxidation is the most suitable technique which could work at normal environmental conditions (such as pH, temperature, soil organic matter (SOM), etc.). Different environmental factors such as pH, temperature, and SOM affect the Fe-based reductive dechlorination and Fenton advance oxidation techniques. The surfactants and organic solvents used in soil washing combined with photocatalytic degradation affect the degradation capability of these techniques. This review will contribute to PCBs degradation by the detailed discussion of development in chemical technique future perspective and research needs.

Feasibility of bioleaching integrated with a chemical oxidation process for improved leaching of valuable metals from refinery spent hydroprocessing catalyst.

Bioleaching is considered an eco-friendly technique for leaching metals from spent hydroprocessing catalysts; however, the low bioleaching yield of some valuable metals (Mo and V) is a severe bottleneck to its successful implementation. The present study reported the potential of an integrated bioleaching-chemical oxidation process in improved leaching of valuable metals (Mo and V) from refinery spent hydroprocessing catalysts. The first stage bioleaching of a spent catalyst (coked/decoked) was conducted using sulfur-oxidizing microbes. The results suggested that after 72 h of bioleaching, 85.7% Ni, 86.9% V, and 72.1% Mo were leached out from the coked spent catalyst. Bioleaching yield in decoked spent catalyst was relatively lower (86.8% Ni, 79.8% V, and 59.8% Mo). The low bioleaching yield in the decoked spent catalyst was attributed to metals' presence in stable fractions (residual + oxidizable). After first stage bioleaching, the integration of a second stage chemical oxidation process (1 M H2O2) drastically improved the leaching of Ni, Mo, and V (94.2-100%) from the coked spent catalyst. The improvement was attributed to the high redox potential (1.77 V) of the H2O2, which led to the transformation of low-valence metal sulfides into high-valence metallic ions more conducive to acidic bioleaching. In the decoked spent catalyst, the increment in the leaching yield after second stage chemical oxidation was marginal (<5%). The results suggested that the integrated bioleaching-chemical oxidation process is an effective method for the complete leaching of valuable metals from the coked spent catalyst.

An Overview of Chemical Oxidation Based Remediation technologies for Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids Removal from Soil

&lt;p&gt;This review provides a general overview of the application of chemical oxidation to hydrophobic contaminants in the form of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). Three types of chemical oxidation processes, conventional activated persulfate, permanganate, and ozonation, along with three advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), the Fenton process, photocatalysis, and plasma oxidation are presented discussed. In addition, this paper provides a brief insight into the combination of chemical oxidation with other remediation technologies for the efficient removal of NAPLs. The common and wide use of activated persulfate for soil remediation is hindered by the fact that it needs heat activation, whereas the main drawback of using permanganate is the precipitation of manganese oxide at the NAPLs face. In addition, the high cost of equipment at the site restricts the ozone application for in-suit soil remediation. The application of AOPs processes such as Fenton and plasma oxidation has received great attention due to its high removal efficiency. However, photocatalysis technology in the field is difficult because it needs photo energy to run the oxidation process. Although plasma oxidation can degrade contaminants in minutes, some active species have short-lived time that could disappear before entering the soil layer. Ozonation is efficient in treat soils with low moisture and large pore spaces. Nevertheless, the optimal pH for ozonation oxidation is 3, which is hard to achieve in real-world applications. Combining chemical oxidation with other remediation technology is a valuable technique of soil remediation as the synergetic effects may increase the sustainability of the applied process towards green technology for soil remediation.&lt;/p&gt;&#x0D;

Review on Self-Heating of Biomass Materials: Understanding and Description

Storage of bulk biomass materials is essential along the feedstock supply chain of bioenergy production. The self-heating accompanying biomass storage has hazardous consequences. With the increasing biomass utilization for bioenergy production, the risk and economic and environmental concerns about biomass storage have been attracting extensive research attention aimed at understanding the processes of heat generation, evaluating the propensity of a material to self-heating and spontaneous ignition, describing and predicting the self-heating process and consequences in biomass storage, and developing strategies and technologies for storage management. The advances in the understanding and description of heat generation processes including water-associated physical processes, microbiological degradation processes, and chemical oxidative processes during the self-heating in biomass storage are reviewed, with the focus on understanding the processes and their underlying mechanisms, reaction kinetics, and heats of reaction through experimental studies and description of heat generation and self-heating processes through kinetic analyses and modeling. This review highlights the need to improve the mechanistic model description of the self-heating processes and associated material changes and product formation, which demand a better understanding and description of microbial degradation and chemical oxidation through experimental study.

Decolourization of Safranine Dye by Iron(II)/HClO4/CAB System from Wastewater Assisted by Response Surface Modeling

The response surface methodology (RSM) is applied for predictive estimation and optimization of decolourization of safranine, a phenazine dye by a chemical oxidation process using iron(II) as homogeneous catalyst and chloramine B (CAB) as an oxidant in acid medium. All experiments were based on the statistical designs in order to develop the predictive regression models and for optimization. Four independent variables (temperature, catalyst, CAB and acid concentration) were chosen to optimize the decolourization of safranine. When variance was analyzed (ANOVA), values of R2 and adjusted R2 were 0.9618 and 0.9262, respectively. The data derived from the experiments were in alignment with a second order regression model. In order to achieve a maximum decolourization, the optimal settings were found to be 0.0178 M HClO4, 0.004 M CAB, 0.0016 M iron(II) and 43.1 ºC, respectively. Under optimal reaction conditions, effect of temperature (15, 25, 35, 45 ºC) on decolourization rate was studied. Data received were in congruence with the second order kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters were also computed for the decolourization process. Maximum percentage of decolourization of safranine was predicted and experimentally validated.

Paracetamol - A Contaminant of High Concern: Existence in Environment and Adverse Effect

Pharmaceuticals (analgesics and non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs- NSAIDS) though, a major human scientific development, have undoubtedly lengthened life spans, cured millions from deadly diseases, and made life comfortable and free from pain. This very success has now led to their emergence as rapidly growing environmental pollutants and contaminants. Paracetamol (4’-hudroxyacetanilide, acetaminophen or N-acetyl-p-aminophenol) is amongst the most popular pain killers and widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug which is used for relieving pain and fever as a non prescription drug, worldwide. Such huge consumption all over the world can be expected to result in the contamination of the environment and threat to human health, since residual drugs after usage, easily accumulate in the environment especially aquatic environment through human excreta and industrial effluents produced from paracetamol active ingredients production. Its presence has been found in the environment which has been detected drinking water, waste water and sewage treatment plant effluents. Recent researches focus on adverse effects of paracetamol usage and health hazards in the form of increasing behavioural disorders in offspring. Although chemical oxidation process is done for the treatment of waste water to remove paracetamol but severe reaction conditions, production of secondary pollutants as by products and huge operational expenses associated, leave no choice but to find other methods of treatment. Biodegradation of paracetamol by microorganisms is now being considered as an environment friendly alternative which has bearable cost. The widespread use of paracetamol and the scarcity of parallel and safe alternatives, its impact on the environment and on human health deserves further investigations and researches. The main aim of this review is develop comprehensive understanding on the percolation of paracetamol in environment through uncontrolled usage its toxic effects and proposed metabolic pathways of its biodegradation.

Fabrication, Characterization and NH3 Sensing Properties of Zinc Supported TiO2 Doped Polypyrrole Nanocomposite Thin Films

A series of conductive and porous Zn/TiO2 doped polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites thin films were prepared by adding Zn/TiO2 (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.%) in an aqueous solution of polypyrrole using a chemical oxidative polymerization process at room temperature. The prepared Zn/TiO2-PPy films were characterized by electrical resistivity by two probe techniques, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface morphology of Zn/TiO2-PPy films has found signicant influence on the gas sensing properties. Results from FTIR and XRD verified the structural formation of Zn/TiO2-PPy films from the pyrrole monomer. When the amount of Zn/TiO2 increased, the optical absorption in visible (500-700 nm) and UV (200-400 nm) regions decreases, according to an analysis of the optical characteristics of all tested films. The NH3 gas was used to examine the prepeared nanocomposites thin films’ sensing properties.

Facile preparation of reduced graphene oxide for removing tetracycline from water: Kinetics and thermodynamics studies

ABSTRACT In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was successfully produced from graphite precursor by chemical oxidation and exfoliation processes that were followed by a reduction process under mild conditions. SEM/EDX, XRD, FT-IR, BET, pHpzc were conducted to characterize the as-synthesized materials. Impacts of different factors such as contact time, temperature, pH of the solution, adsorbent load, and tetracycline (TC) concentration on TC removal efficiency were examined. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherms were also investigated. As the result, the adsorption process of TC onto rGO was spontaneous, endothermic, and governed by both physisorption and chemisorption. The maximum uptake calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 58.03 mg/g. rGO material could be regenerated by using methanol and diluted NaOH solutions. The findings in this work provided complete data on the TC adsorption process onto rGO and the process of the recovery and reuse of rGO.

Can radicals-orientated chemical oxidation improve the reduction of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by mesophilic anaerobic digestion of sludge?

The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) increases risks towards human health and environmental safety. This work investigates the control of ARGs abundance and bacterial community evolution involved in waste activated sludge (WAS) treatment by chemical conditioning and subsequent mesophilic anaerobic digestion (MAD). The different chemical oxidation processes of ferrous iron-activated oxone and hydrogen peroxide (PMS-Fe2+ and H2O2-Fe2+) and thermal-activated oxone (PMS@80 ℃) were investigated, and the ferric chloride (FeCl3) and inactivated oxone (PMS) were compared. PMS@80 ℃ decreased the absolute abundance of most ARGs by 10.6–99.3% and that of total ARGs by 66.3%. Interestingly, oxidation pretreatment increased rather than decreased the relative abundance of most ARGs. MAD with PMS@80 ℃ pretreatment increased the absolute abundance of total ARGs by 51.6%, and other MAD processes decreased it by 8.6–47.4%. PMS-Fe2+ and PMS@80 ℃ negatively inhibited methane production from 98.3 to 81.7 and 94.4 mL/g VSS in MAD. MAD effluent showed high abundance of Arcobacter genus in the range of 8.1–17.4% upon PMS-based pretreatment, possibly related to sulfur oxidation, nitrate reduction, and blaVEB enrichment. The radicals-orientated chemical oxidation can hardly improve the ARGs elimination by MAD due to the extremely high competitive organics in sludge.

Formation and characterization of acid mine drainage in the Madzharovo ore field, Southeastern Bulgaria

The formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental problem in areas with mining and processing industries worldwide. Their generation is associated with chemical and biological processes of oxidation of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite. Sources of AMD can be deposits of sulfide minerals and coal with a high content of pyrite sulfur, mining waste and some tailings. The impact of AMD on surface and groundwater in mining areas continues for decades after the cessation of extraction. An example of the negative impact of generated acid mine drainage on the state of surface waters is in the region of Madzharovo. Years after the cessation of mining, the waters at the discharge points "Momina Skala", "Harman Kaya" and "Pandak Dere" are characterized by low pH values and high concentrations of iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and manganese.

LED Light Integrated Reactors: Study of the Methylene Blue Chemical Oxidation Process

The contamination of water by organic dyes, such as methylene blue, is a risk factor for the environment, since all aquatic fauna and flora are immensely affected due to the reduction of the amount of dissolved oxygen and the passage of light, affecting the photosynthesis. The main source of contamination comes from the textile industry, so it is necessary to study efficient techniques for treating effluent without the cogeneration impact. In the present work, a study was developed to evaluate the best combination of factors of a batch treatment to be applied in a continuous treatment system. The removal of methylene blue by chemical oxidation was evaluated using sodium persulfate as an oxidizing agent. A complete experimental design 2 3 was devised to evaluate the effects of the activation of the oxidizing agent by iron sulfate (II) and visible light (LED), these being the factors. After this batch step, the tests that were efficient in degrading the contaminant were carried out in the continuous reactor. The degradation results showed that, in batch, the oxidation with activation of sodium persulfate by iron sulfate (II) is more efficient, removing 91.2% of the dye in 20 minutes. In the continuous reactor, activation with a visible light source showed greater conversion due to its greater contact surface with water contaminated with dye, removing 59.2% over 15 meters from the reactor and residence time of 109 seconds.

Modulation of a μ-1,2-Peroxo Dicopper(II) Intermediate by Strong Interaction with Alkali Metal Ions.

The properties of metal/dioxygen species, which are key intermediates in oxidation catalysis, can be modulated by interaction with redox-inactive Lewis acids, but structural information about these adducts is scarce. Here we demonstrate that even mildly Lewis acidic alkali metal ions, which are typically viewed as innocent "spectators", bind strongly to a reactive cis-peroxo dicopper(II) intermediate. Unprecedented structural insight has now been obtained from X-ray crystallographic characterization of the "bare" CuII2(μ-η1:η1-O2) motif and its Li+, Na+, and K+ complexes. UV-vis, Raman, and electrochemical studies show that the binding persists in MeCN solution, growing stronger in proportion to the cation's Lewis acidity. The affinity for Li+ is surprisingly high (∼70 × 104 M-1), leading to Li+ extraction from its crown ether complex. Computational analysis indicates that the alkali ions influence the entire Cu-OO-Cu core, modulating the degree of charge transfer from copper to dioxygen. This induces significant changes in the electronic, magnetic, and electrochemical signatures of the Cu2O2 species. These findings have far-reaching implications for analyses of transient metal/dioxygen intermediates, which are often studied in situ, and they may be relevant to many (bio)chemical oxidation processes when considering the widespread presence of alkali cations in synthetic and natural environments.

Chemoenzymatic conversion of furfural to methyl‐2‐furotate

AbstractFurfural (FF) is an important bio‐based platform compound derived from lignocellulose. It can be converted into many industrially valuable chemicals, a typical one being methyl‐2‐furoate (MF). At present, MF production depends largely on vigorous one‐step chemical catalysis (oxidative esterification), in which expensive catalysts (precious metals) and a high temperature (60–120 °C) are required. To reduce the costs of this procedure, a mild, green, and cheap chemoenzymatic process is proposed where FF is initially chemically oxidized to furoic acid (FA), and then FA is enzymatically esterified to MF. Neither step requires an expensive catalyst, and both occur at low temperatures (30–50 °C). For the chemical oxidation process, the optimized FA yield of 83.7% was obtained at 40 °C with an FF/BTIC (1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) imidazolium chloride) molar ratio of 0.18, 10 mL N‐methyl pyrrolidone, and 0.1 MPa oxygen pressure. For the enzymatic esterification, the optimized MF yield reached 80.6% at 50 °C with 50 mg•mL−1 enzyme loading and an alcohol/acid ratio of 7:1. Kinetic studies demonstrated the oxidation to be a sixth‐order reaction, and the esterification to be an endothermic reaction. For both oxidation and esterification reactions, the relationship between the rate constant and temperature agreed well with the Arrhenius equation. For esterification, the relationship between the equilibrium constant and the temperature also agreed with the Van't Hoff equation. A 67.5% MF yield was obtained when sequential oxidation and esterification were initiated from FF. The development of chemoenzymatic processes for MF production from FF is effective and has potential value in decreasing the production cost of MF. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd

Low temperature thermal desorption-chemical oxidation hybrid process for the remediation of organic contaminated model soil: A case study

The efficiencies of thermal desorption and oxidation process in engineering soil remediation are to some extent limited due to the huge loss of heat to the soil or underground water or mass transfer resistance in the soil. To enhance the oxidation and improve the energy utilization. Herein, the thermal desorption process and the oxidation process (by ozone) are combined together to remediate the organic contaminated model soil (take the 2,4-dimethylaniline (2,4-DMA) as pollutant). Results show that this hybrid process could not only reduce the thermal desorption temperature (as low as 50–90 °C), but also improve the oxidation efficiency significantly, even achieving 100% degradation of 2,4-DMA in less than 10 min in the soil. It is found that the remediation efficiency by the hybrid process is also highly dependent on different operational parameters, including the heating temperature, ozone concentration, especially the moisture content in the soil. The results suggest that a proper content of water in the soil is beneficial for the degradation of pollutants by the hybrid process. Finally, the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of 2,4-DMA in the soil by the hybrid process has been primarily discussed. These findings suggest that the low temperature enhanced chemical oxidation process would be a promising method for future remediation of organic contaminated soil due to its relatively low energy consuming and high removal efficiency in shorter time.

How Organic Substances Promote the Chemical Oxidative Degradation of Pollutants: A Mini Review

The promotion of pollutant oxidation degradation efficiency by adding organic catalysts has obtained widespread attention in recent years. Studies have shown that organic substances promote the process of traditional oxidation reactions by accelerating the redox cycle of transition metals, chelating transition metals, activating oxidants directly to generate reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl and sulfate radical, or changing the electron distribution of the target pollutant. Based on the promotion of typical organic functional groups on the chemical oxidative process, a metal-organic framework has been developed and applied in the field of chemical catalytic oxidation. This manuscript reviewed the types, relative merits, and action mechanisms of common organics which promoted oxidation reactions so as to deepen the understanding of chemical oxidation mechanisms and enhance the practical application of oxidation technology.

Fabrication of efficient and robust Fe0/Ni2P/CC composite and the employment for electrochemical reduction of nitrate

The process of electrochemical nitrate reduction behaving the merits of sufficient efficacy and environmental benignity has attracted immense interest for the nitrate (NO3-) disposal. However, the practical application of this technique is seriously restricted due to the defects of generating by-products (such as ammonium and nitrite), and the presence of total nitrogen (TN) with a high concentration. In this work, a novel catalyst composite (Fe0/Ni2P/CC) was fabricated via the combined method involving liquid-phase reduction, electroless nickel-phosphorus plating and phosphation processes. The crystal structure, morphology, and chemical component of the obtained composite were characterized. The influences of operating parameters (pH value, current density, initial nitrate-N concentration and coexisting substances) on the NO3- reduction were assessed. At the optimized conditions, the synthesized Fe0/Ni2P/CC composite displays the fascinating performances in NO3- conversion (89.81%), N2 selectivity (95.55%) and tested endurance, comparing with other three samples (i.e. Fe0 +Ni2P/CC, pure HER and pure Fe0). For the disposal for simulated effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent, this composite exhibits a superb NO3- conversion of 89.81%, and the concentration of TN (1.92 mg L−1) is lower than the threshold limit (2 mg L−1) of five-level standard for surface water of China. It is noteworthy that the Fe0/Ni2P/CC composite has an excellent durability (< 5% decay after 20 h reduction test), and the spent sample can be employed for the decoloring of methyl orange via the chemical advanced oxidation process (95% for decolorization efficiency).